科研论文的构思、撰写和发表医学神经生物学国家重点实验室神经生物学系
54237522
治道楼 909,911
lanma@shmu.edu.cn
马 兰预 告鲁白教授,
How to publish your papers in the top
scientific journals
本周三下午 2点（ 306教室）
秦伯益院士,
（谈科研创新问题）
10月 10日（星期四）下午 2点（ 306教室）
1,Why? 为什么要撰写和发表论文？
2,What? 什么是科学研究论文？
定义特点结构
3,How? 如何撰写科研论文？
Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？
基础研究的成果以论文形式表现
发表论文的质量与数量是衡量科研工作者水平和效率的客观标准
Publish or Perish!
Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？
研究结果只有发表了，他人才能重复、验证，
结果才可能成为知识
撰写和发表论文是科研工作的最后一道工序
科学研究的目的是发表
Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？
科学研究的关键是可重复性、可被他人验证
科研工作者必须提供书面材料让同行知道他做了什么、为什么这样做、怎样做的、发现了什么？
科研工作者不仅要,做,研究，而且要,写,研究
Why? 为什么要开设科研论文构思、
撰写和发表课程？
博士应具有构思、撰写和发表论文的能力
研究生院要求博士研究生发表 SCI论文
研究生及部分导师缺乏科学交流技巧,,写,
科学的训练,因此增加了博士论文的工作难度、影响了研究生培养的质量课程的目的
知道 What is a good paper
掌握构思要点、基本撰写方法和技巧
提高分析和表达结果的能力
避免常见错误
提高论文的可读性
了解论文的投稿、评阅和发表过程
增加论文被高影响力刊物接受的机率主要内容
创新性
选题
撰写要点
结果的表达
投稿和评阅
常见错误
口头报告
实验记录
学位论文
综述
基金申请
学术道德
What? 什么是科学论文？
公开 发表的、描述 新 研究结果的书面报告；
必须按 一定的方式 撰写和发表首次出版：
1,新研究结果的首次公布
2,以同行能够重复实验、验证结论的形式发表
3,发表在同行很容易得到的刊物上或其它媒介
（同行评议杂志）上科研论文写作的要求
条理清楚，摆事实、讲道理
语言简单、平实、明确、直接
容易被理解和接受
正确、准确地使用英语
vetral/ventricle; casual/causal
用最少、最短的词科学论文的基本结构
Introduction,Methods,Results,and
Discussion (IMRAD)
I,What and why? 研究什么问题？为什么研究这个问题？
M,How? 如何研究的？
R,What? 发现了什么？
D,What? 发现意味着什么？
标 题
重要性
体现创新点
包含所有关键词 （检索）
吸引人
用动词、句子采用动词（ 1）
Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced by chronic
opiate treatment and can be restored by re-exposure to
opiates,J,Neurosci.
Heterologous activation of protein kinase C stimulates
phosphorylation of d-opioid receptor at serine 344 and this
results in b-arrestin- and clathrin-mediated receptor
internalization,J Biol Chem
Anti-HIV agent trichosanthin enhances the capabilities of
chemokines to stimulate chemotaxis and G protein activation
and this is mediated through interaction of trichosanthin and
chemokine receptor,J Exp Med
采用动词（ 2）
Divalent cations and ligands induce conformational
changes that are highly divergent among b1 integrins,J
Biol Chem
Inhibition of CamK II in rat hippocampus attenuates
morphine tolerance and dependence,Mol Pharmacol.
Chemokine receptor CCR5 functionally couples to
inhibitory G proteins and undergoes desensitization,J
Cell Biochem
Carboxyl terminus of delta opioid receptor is required
for agonist-dependent receptor phosphorylation,Biochem
Biophys Res Commun
采用动词（ 3）
N-methyl-D-aspartate attenuates opioid receptor-mediated G
protein activation and this process involves protein kinase C.
Mol Pharmacol.
Endogenous delta-opioid and ORL1 receptors couple to
phosphorylation and activation of p38 MAPK in NG108-15 cells
and this is regulated by protein kinase A and protein kinase
C,J Neurochem
Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor attenuates acute
responsiveness of delta-opioid receptors,Mol Pharmacol
Cholecystokinin-B receptor antagonists attenuate morphine
dependence and withdrawal in rats,Neuroreport
采用词组
Identification of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2
phosphorylation sites responsible for agonist-stimulated delta-
opioid receptor phosphorylation,Mol Pharmacol
Differential roles of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtypes 1
and 2 in opiate withdrawal and in relapse to opiate dependence.
Identification of a human brain-specific isoform of mammalian STE20-like
kinase 3 that is regulated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase,J Biol Chem
Selective interference of b-arrestin 1 with k and d but not m opioid
receptor/G protein coupling,J Biol Chem.
Differential and tissue-spesific expression of mitochondrial
elongation factor Tu and Ts during development,Acta Bioch Bioph
Sin
Differential efficacies of k agonists to induce homologous
desensitization of k opioid receptor,Neurosci Lett
采用词组（冒号）
Reactivation of morphine conditioned place preference by drug
priming,role of environmental cues and sensitization.
Psychopharmacology
Five-transmembrane domain structure is sufficient for a G
protein coupled receptor,Functional five-transmembrane
domain chemokine receptors,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.
Etorphine inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SK-N-
SH cells,involvement of pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins,
Neurosci Res
Retardation of pain development,a case of recovery from
congenital insensitivity to pain,Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
类似的研究（ 1）
Differential regulation of beta-arrestin 1
and beta-arrestin 2 gene expression in rat
brain by morphine,Neuroscience
Acute and chronic morphine treatments and
morphine withdrawal differentially regulate
GRK2 and GRK5 gene expression in rat brain.
Neuropharmacology
类似的研究（ 2）
Direct and differential interaction of
beta-arrestins with the intracellular
domains of different opioid receptors.
Mol Pharmacol
Direct binding of beta-arrestins to two
distinct intracellular domains of the
delta opioid receptor,J Neurochem
类似的研究（ 3）
Functional expression,activation and
desensitization of opioid receptor-like receptor
ORL1 in neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 hybrid
cells,FEBS Lett
Endogenous opioid receptor-like receptor in human
neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells,activation of
inhibitory G-protein and homologous desensitization.
Neuroreport
Not so good (1)
Mechanistic studies of the translational elongation
cycle in mammalian mitochondria,Biochim Biophys
Acta
Molecular characterization and functional
expression of opioid receptor-like receptor,Cell
Res.
Functional expression of opioid receptor-like
receptor and its endogenous specific agonist
nociceptin/orphanin FQ during embryogenesis,Cell
Res
Not so good (2)
Identification and characterization of large,
complex forms of chloroplast translational
initiation factor 2 from Euglena gracilis,J Biol
Chem
Immunological characterization of the complex forms
of chloroplast translational initiation factor 2
from Euglena gracilis J Biol Chem
作者和作者单位
作者,设计和执行实验、对论文有重要、创造性贡献的人
作者排序,按贡献大小
作者对所做的工作负责、通讯作者对全文负责
作者单位,作者做论文所描述的研究工作的实验室（不同于作者的单位）
摘 要
缩写的论文
150－ 250词
关键的创新点和意义
54237522
治道楼 909,911
lanma@shmu.edu.cn
马 兰预 告鲁白教授,
How to publish your papers in the top
scientific journals
本周三下午 2点（ 306教室）
秦伯益院士,
（谈科研创新问题）
10月 10日（星期四）下午 2点（ 306教室）
1,Why? 为什么要撰写和发表论文？
2,What? 什么是科学研究论文？
定义特点结构
3,How? 如何撰写科研论文？
Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？
基础研究的成果以论文形式表现
发表论文的质量与数量是衡量科研工作者水平和效率的客观标准
Publish or Perish!
Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？
研究结果只有发表了，他人才能重复、验证，
结果才可能成为知识
撰写和发表论文是科研工作的最后一道工序
科学研究的目的是发表
Why? 为什么要撰写和发表科研论文？
科学研究的关键是可重复性、可被他人验证
科研工作者必须提供书面材料让同行知道他做了什么、为什么这样做、怎样做的、发现了什么？
科研工作者不仅要,做,研究，而且要,写,研究
Why? 为什么要开设科研论文构思、
撰写和发表课程？
博士应具有构思、撰写和发表论文的能力
研究生院要求博士研究生发表 SCI论文
研究生及部分导师缺乏科学交流技巧,,写,
科学的训练,因此增加了博士论文的工作难度、影响了研究生培养的质量课程的目的
知道 What is a good paper
掌握构思要点、基本撰写方法和技巧
提高分析和表达结果的能力
避免常见错误
提高论文的可读性
了解论文的投稿、评阅和发表过程
增加论文被高影响力刊物接受的机率主要内容
创新性
选题
撰写要点
结果的表达
投稿和评阅
常见错误
口头报告
实验记录
学位论文
综述
基金申请
学术道德
What? 什么是科学论文？
公开 发表的、描述 新 研究结果的书面报告；
必须按 一定的方式 撰写和发表首次出版：
1,新研究结果的首次公布
2,以同行能够重复实验、验证结论的形式发表
3,发表在同行很容易得到的刊物上或其它媒介
（同行评议杂志）上科研论文写作的要求
条理清楚，摆事实、讲道理
语言简单、平实、明确、直接
容易被理解和接受
正确、准确地使用英语
vetral/ventricle; casual/causal
用最少、最短的词科学论文的基本结构
Introduction,Methods,Results,and
Discussion (IMRAD)
I,What and why? 研究什么问题？为什么研究这个问题？
M,How? 如何研究的？
R,What? 发现了什么？
D,What? 发现意味着什么？
标 题
重要性
体现创新点
包含所有关键词 （检索）
吸引人
用动词、句子采用动词（ 1）
Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced by chronic
opiate treatment and can be restored by re-exposure to
opiates,J,Neurosci.
Heterologous activation of protein kinase C stimulates
phosphorylation of d-opioid receptor at serine 344 and this
results in b-arrestin- and clathrin-mediated receptor
internalization,J Biol Chem
Anti-HIV agent trichosanthin enhances the capabilities of
chemokines to stimulate chemotaxis and G protein activation
and this is mediated through interaction of trichosanthin and
chemokine receptor,J Exp Med
采用动词（ 2）
Divalent cations and ligands induce conformational
changes that are highly divergent among b1 integrins,J
Biol Chem
Inhibition of CamK II in rat hippocampus attenuates
morphine tolerance and dependence,Mol Pharmacol.
Chemokine receptor CCR5 functionally couples to
inhibitory G proteins and undergoes desensitization,J
Cell Biochem
Carboxyl terminus of delta opioid receptor is required
for agonist-dependent receptor phosphorylation,Biochem
Biophys Res Commun
采用动词（ 3）
N-methyl-D-aspartate attenuates opioid receptor-mediated G
protein activation and this process involves protein kinase C.
Mol Pharmacol.
Endogenous delta-opioid and ORL1 receptors couple to
phosphorylation and activation of p38 MAPK in NG108-15 cells
and this is regulated by protein kinase A and protein kinase
C,J Neurochem
Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor attenuates acute
responsiveness of delta-opioid receptors,Mol Pharmacol
Cholecystokinin-B receptor antagonists attenuate morphine
dependence and withdrawal in rats,Neuroreport
采用词组
Identification of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2
phosphorylation sites responsible for agonist-stimulated delta-
opioid receptor phosphorylation,Mol Pharmacol
Differential roles of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtypes 1
and 2 in opiate withdrawal and in relapse to opiate dependence.
Identification of a human brain-specific isoform of mammalian STE20-like
kinase 3 that is regulated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase,J Biol Chem
Selective interference of b-arrestin 1 with k and d but not m opioid
receptor/G protein coupling,J Biol Chem.
Differential and tissue-spesific expression of mitochondrial
elongation factor Tu and Ts during development,Acta Bioch Bioph
Sin
Differential efficacies of k agonists to induce homologous
desensitization of k opioid receptor,Neurosci Lett
采用词组（冒号）
Reactivation of morphine conditioned place preference by drug
priming,role of environmental cues and sensitization.
Psychopharmacology
Five-transmembrane domain structure is sufficient for a G
protein coupled receptor,Functional five-transmembrane
domain chemokine receptors,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.
Etorphine inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SK-N-
SH cells,involvement of pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins,
Neurosci Res
Retardation of pain development,a case of recovery from
congenital insensitivity to pain,Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
类似的研究（ 1）
Differential regulation of beta-arrestin 1
and beta-arrestin 2 gene expression in rat
brain by morphine,Neuroscience
Acute and chronic morphine treatments and
morphine withdrawal differentially regulate
GRK2 and GRK5 gene expression in rat brain.
Neuropharmacology
类似的研究（ 2）
Direct and differential interaction of
beta-arrestins with the intracellular
domains of different opioid receptors.
Mol Pharmacol
Direct binding of beta-arrestins to two
distinct intracellular domains of the
delta opioid receptor,J Neurochem
类似的研究（ 3）
Functional expression,activation and
desensitization of opioid receptor-like receptor
ORL1 in neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 hybrid
cells,FEBS Lett
Endogenous opioid receptor-like receptor in human
neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells,activation of
inhibitory G-protein and homologous desensitization.
Neuroreport
Not so good (1)
Mechanistic studies of the translational elongation
cycle in mammalian mitochondria,Biochim Biophys
Acta
Molecular characterization and functional
expression of opioid receptor-like receptor,Cell
Res.
Functional expression of opioid receptor-like
receptor and its endogenous specific agonist
nociceptin/orphanin FQ during embryogenesis,Cell
Res
Not so good (2)
Identification and characterization of large,
complex forms of chloroplast translational
initiation factor 2 from Euglena gracilis,J Biol
Chem
Immunological characterization of the complex forms
of chloroplast translational initiation factor 2
from Euglena gracilis J Biol Chem
作者和作者单位
作者,设计和执行实验、对论文有重要、创造性贡献的人
作者排序,按贡献大小
作者对所做的工作负责、通讯作者对全文负责
作者单位,作者做论文所描述的研究工作的实验室（不同于作者的单位）
摘 要
缩写的论文
150－ 250词
关键的创新点和意义
