2008考研英语词汇全攻略：2009考研英语核心词汇

I will not give you a fish but tell you how to fish…
2008考研英语词汇全攻略
同探讨英语人生量身定做学习计划紧紧把握考试脉搏传授英语应试策略奠定良好心理基础培养进取人生态度
海文考研教育研究中心
2008年 2月
第一部分 考研英语核心词汇记单词时不要采用从A——Z的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J,B和O，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。一定记住吴老师的建议：每天晚上看1-2页，把自己已经记住的暂时划出来，第二天早上无论多忙都要把前一天晚上看过的单词复习一遍，然后再分别过3天、7天、15天、30天各复习一遍，坚持下来，到考前一周看最后一遍时，你会觉得大部分单词都已经很熟悉了。另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会取得良好学习效果！
abide 遵循（…by）；容忍 The one thing she cannot abide is lying.
abnormal 反常的 abnormal behavior
abolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old custom
abrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departure
absolute 纯粹的，完全的 have absolute trust in sb.
absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.
abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful,but beauty itself is abstract.
absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的 The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.
abuse 滥用 abuse one's authority(office)
aaccelerate 加速，增速 accelerate one’s steps
access 接近（或进入）的机会 have regular and immediate access to the President
accommodate 使适应，使符合一致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstances
accompany 陪伴，伴随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.
accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等） accomplish one's purpose
accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.
account 记述，叙述 give a brief account of what has happened
accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚 accumulate wisdom
accurate 准确的，精确的 an accurate estimate
accuse 指控，指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books.
accustom 使习惯于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early
acquaint 使认识，使了解
activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动 They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed,
acute 尖锐的，敏锐的 an acute thinker
adapt （使）适应 adapt oneself to new conditions
address 演说 a television address
adhere 黏附，附着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.
adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs
adjoin 贴近，与...毗邻 His house adjoins the lake.
administrate 掌管，料理...的事务 In many Japanese homes,the funds are administrated by the wife.
adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescents
advance 使向前移动 advance a chessman
advantage 有利条件，优点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.
adverse 不友好的，敌对的 She felt adverse to her husband's friends.
advocate 拥护，提倡，主张 advocate self-defence
aesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美 an aesthetic theory
affliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated company
affirm 断言，申明 affirm the truth of a statement
aggravate 加重，加剧，恶化 aggravate the declining economy
aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon
agitate 搅动（液体等） The machine agitated the mixture.
alarm 惊恐，忧虑 The bandits scattered in alarm.
alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.
alien 外国的 adjust to an alien culture
allege 断言，宣称 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.
allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给 allocate funds for new projects
allied 结盟的，有关联的 allied nations
allow 允给，准许，允许 He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.
allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance
alter 改变，更改 alter an attitude
alternate 交替，轮流 Night and day alternate.
amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者 an amateur golfer
amaze 使惊愕，使惊异 I am amazed that he should get the post.
ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的 an ambiguous answer
ambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心 His political ambitions still burn.
amend 修改，修订 amend the spelling in sb.'s paper
amuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣） The clown at the circus amused the children.
anchor 锚 The anchor catches (drags).
announce 宣布，声称 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.
annoy 使恼怒，使生气 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.
annual 每年的，年度的 the annual output of steel
anonymous 匿名的，无名的 an anonymous letter (phone call)
answer 回答，响应 Henry took ages to answer the door.
anticipate 预期，预料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).
anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about,at) They become anxious at her delay.
apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.
apparent 显然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood.
appeal 呼吁，恳求 I appealed to the children to make less noise.
applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.
apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.
appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.
appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weight
appreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.
apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?
approach 靠近，接近 John is approaching manhood.
appropriate 恰当的，相称的 Plain,simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.
approve 赞成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct.
approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock.
apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.
arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice
arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat
arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused,Don’t worry.
array 排列，队形 The troops were formed in battle array.
articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.
artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的 artificial price controls
ascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高 The airplane ascended into the cloud.
ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead.
ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的 I am ashamed for being so stupid.
ashore 向岸，向陆地 He swam ashore.
aside 在旁边 We stood aside to let her pass.
assault 攻击，袭击 We made an assault on the enemy fort.
assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.
assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言 He asserted his innocence.
assess 估价，评价，评论 assess the present state of the economy
assign 分配，布置（作业） The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.
assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas.
associate （使）联系，（使）结合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.
assume 假定，假设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest,assuming (that) the weather si favarable.
assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证
assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help.
astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance.
attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase
attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal
attend 出席，参加（会议等） attend a wedding
attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.
attentive 注意的，专心的 an attentive audience
attribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work.
auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket
avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?
average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.
avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.
awake 醒，觉醒 awake from sleep
award 授予（奖品等） The university awarded him an honorary degree.
ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔 He was banned from entering the city.
bang （突发的） sudden loud bang
bar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of gold
bare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的 walk in bare feet
beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.
behave 举止端正，听话　Do behave.
bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.
bias 偏见，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.)
blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.
blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of wind
blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.
blunt 钝的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.
blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红 blush with(或for) joy
boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts.
bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts
boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.
border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand
bore 钻孔，挖（通道） bore through a wall
bounce 弹起，反弹 The ball doesn’t bounce well.
bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.
boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures
brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.
breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly.
bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb.
brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holiday
brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace
brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass
brush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brush
bump 碰，撞(against,into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.
burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst.
calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago
call 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present.
cancel 取消，废除，删去 cancel a trip
capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies
case 事例，事实，事情 This is a case of poor judgment.
cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme
casual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meeting
cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly.
certify 证明，证实 The accounts were certified (as) correct.
challenge 向...挑战 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.
character （事物的）性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character.
charge 要（价），收（费） The airlines charge half price for students.
charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.
chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.
check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps
cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land
chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.
choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke
chorus 合唱队
chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的 chronic indigestion
clarity 澄清，阐明 clarify an issue
cling 粘着 The frightened child clung to her mother.
clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy
cluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists
clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity
coherent 一致的，协调的 lack coherent political goals
coin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coin
coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.
collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作 He and I collaborated in writing plays.
collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.
collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck.
come 来，来到 Will you come to the dance tonight?
commemorate 纪念，庆祝 commemorate a holiday
commend 表扬，称赞 commend a soldier for bravery
compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage
compare 比较，对照(with,to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine
compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.
compile 汇编，编制 compile an anthology of poems
comply 遵从，顺从，服从 comply with rules(safety regulations)
compose 组成，构成 England,Scotland,and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences
comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.
compromise 妥协，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next.
compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subject
conceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 He concealed his disappointment from his friends.
conceive 构想出，设想 conceive an idea
concentrate 集中，专心 concentrate one’s attention
condemn 谴责 We all condemn cruelty to children.
condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁 condense a speech to half
confer 商谈，商议 confer with sb,Over (on,about,concerning) sth.
confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔 confess one’s crime
confidence 信任 break sb.’s confidence
confine 限制，使局限 They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.
confirm 证实，肯定 confirm a rumour
conflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗 The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.
conform 遵照，适应 confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)
confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships.
confuse 使混乱，混淆 He confused the arrangements by arriving late.
connect 连接，连接 The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland.
conscious 意识到的，自觉地 They were conscious that he disapproved.
consent 同意，赞同，准许 The people will never consent to another war.
conserve 保护，保藏，保存 conserve natural resources
consider 考虑，细想 Consider carefully before doing anything.
consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.
consolidate 巩固，加强 consolidate one’s position
conspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的 He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.
constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noise
constitute 组成，构成 constitute a threat to sb.
consult 请教，与......商量 consult a doctor about one’s illness
consume 消费,花费,consume much of one’s time in reading
contact 接触,联系,交往,be in contact with sb
contain 包括,容纳,a list containing twelve items
contaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害,Fumes contaminate the air
contempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sb
contest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region
contract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact with
contradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theory
contrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary view
contrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of government
contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every payday
contrive设计,想出:contrive a new method
controversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversy
convention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a convention
convert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gas
convey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric current
convict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smuggling
coordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agencies
cordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile,invitation)
correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation
correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondent
corresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints
corrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and seller
corrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt life
count数,计算,count the money
course课程,科目:an English course
courtesy 谦恭有礼。有礼的举止（或）言辞：come in without courtesy
credit信任，可信性：I have full credit in your ability to do the job。
crucial 决定性的，关键性的：a crucial decision
cue 提示，暗号，信号：throw cues to sb
cultivate耕作，栽培，养殖：cultivate vegetables
cure 治愈，医治：this medicine cured him of his pains。
cut 切，割，剪，砍，削; The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.
D
dawn 黎明，拂晓 work from dawn to dark
dazzle （强光等）使目眩，耀眼：He was dazzled by his sudden success.
deceive 欺骗，蒙蔽：deceive oneself
decent 体面的，像样的:She didn’t have a decent dress for the ball.
decline 拒绝，谢绝：We sent him an invitation but he declined.
decompose 分解，腐烂，腐败：decompose a compound into its elements.
dedicate 奉献，把。。。用在（to）,The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.
deduce 演绎，推论：From her conversation,I deduced that she had a large family.
define 解释，给。。。下定义,People define him as a genius.
deform(使)变形：Heat deforms plastic.
defy 公然违抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.
degenerate 衰退，堕落，变坏（into）,Her eyesight degenerated with the years.
deliberate 慎重的，深思熟虑的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.
delight 高兴，快乐：To the teacher’s great delight,all his students passed the examination.
deliver 投递，传送，运输：deliver the mail
demonstrate 论证，证明,demonstrate a philosophical principle
denote 表示，是。。。的标志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.
dense 稠密的，密集的:a dense forest
deposit 存放,She deposited her bag in the cloakroom.
depress 使沮丧，使消沉：That movie depressed me.
deprive 剥夺，使丧失：deprive sb,of his property
derive 取得，得到：He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.
descend 下来，下降：Darkness descended too soon.
deserve 应得，值得：The question deserves consideration.
designate 指明，表明：designate boundaries
desolate 荒芜的，不毛的：desolate land
despise 蔑视，鄙视：He despises flattery.
detach 拆卸：They detached their trailer and set up camp.
detain 留住，担搁：be detained by business.
detect （当场）发现（某人在干坏事）:detect a student cheating
deteriorate （使）恶化,(使)变坏,(使)退化,Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.
deviate 背离，偏离：deviate from the rule
devote 将...献给（to）:Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.
diagnose 诊断，判断：The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.
dictate 口授，使听写：dictate a letter to a secretary
differentiate 使不同，使有差别，区分，区别：differentiate varieties of plants
diffuse 扩散（气体，液体等）：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.
diminish 减少，降低：His illness diminished his strength.
diplomat 外交家，外交官，圆滑的人：a career diplomat
discard 丢弃，抛弃：discard an old pair of shoes
discern 看出，觉察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.
disclose 揭露，透露，使公开：disclose information to sb,
discharge 释放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.
discount 把（价格，费用等）打折扣，削价出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid when due.
discriminate 区别，辨别：It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.
disgrace 丢脸，耻辱：bring disgrace on oneself
disgust 厌恶，恶心：feel disgust for bad odors
disperse 分散，驱散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gas
displace 移动。。。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwaters
dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display
disregard 不理会，不顾：Disregard the noise and keep working
distinct 有区别的，不同的：Three distinct types of people
distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或with)pain
distract 使转向：be distracted from one’s original purpose
distribute 分配，分发：distribute the prizes among the winners
divorce 离婚，分离，脱离：sue for a divorce
dominate 分配，统治：a white dominated society
donate 捐赠，赠送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.
doom 命运，厄运，劫数：His doom was to be poverty.
doze 打瞌睡，打盹儿：The old lady dozed in her armchair.
drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pool
dread 怕，畏惧:I dread to think of what may happen.
drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.
dubious 引起怀疑的，不确定的：a dubious reply
due 欠款的，应支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.
dump 倾倒，倾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.
duplicate 完全一样的，复制的：a duplicate key
durable 耐用的：a durable fabric
dwell （dwelt 或 dwelled ）（尤指作为常住居民）居住,dwell on an island
E
economical节约的,节俭的,经济的,an economical stove
edge边,棱,At the edge of the lake women were doing their washing
edible可以吃的,可食用的:edible oil
elaborate精心计划(或制作)的,详尽的:an elaborate plot
elevate举起,提高,抬起:elevate the living standards of the people
eliminate排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man
elite出类拔萃的人(或物),精华:the elite of the society
eloquent雄辩的,口才流利的,有说服力的:an eloquent spokesman
embark上船(或飞机,汽车等):embark for Europe at New York harbor
embody使具体化,表现:embody principles in actions
embrace拥抱:She embraced her son tenderly
emigrate移居外国(或外地区):emigrate from Canada to Australia
emit发出,散发(光,热,电度,声音,液体,气味等),发射电子:The chimney emitted a cloud of smoke
enclose (从四面八方)围住,包围:enclose a porch with glass
encounter意外的遇见,遭遇:encounter an old friend in the theatre
endeavor (为达到某一目的而)努力,尝试:How much he endeavored,goal stayed unattained
energy活力,精力:a man of energy
enforce实施,使生效:The principal enforced the rules of the school
engage (用契约诺言等)约束,使订婚:He engaged himself as an apprentice to a printer
enhance 提高(价格,质量,吸引力等),增加,增强:enhance one’s reputation
enlighten 启发,使摆脱偏见(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future?
enroll 吸收(成员),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year
ensure 保证,担保:His industriousness and ability will ensure his success
entertain 给。。。娱乐,使有兴趣:The child is entertaining himself with his building blocks
entitle 给。。。权利,给。。。资格(to):Robert was entitled to see the documents
equivalent 相等的,相同的:The misery of such a position is equivalent to its happiness
erase 擦掉,抹掉,消除:erase the chalk marks
erect 竖直的,垂直的,竖起的:an erect tree
erupt (火山,喷泉等)喷发:The volcano is due to erupt any day
essence 本质,实质,要素:Being thoughtful of others is the essence of politeness
eternal 永恒的,永存的,永久的:eternal truths
evaluate 估价,评价:evaluate property
evaporate (使)蒸发,(使)挥发:Heats evaporate water
exaggerate 夸张,夸大,对…言过其实:keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate
exceed 超出,胜过:Her performance exceeded all the others
excess 超越,超过:an excess of supply over demand
execute 实行,实施,执行,履行:execute a plan
exemplify 例示,举例证明,是…的例证(或榜样等):The teacher exemplified the use of the word
exert 用力,尽力:exert all one’s strength
exhaust 汲空,抽完:exhaust a well
expand 扩大,扩展,膨胀:Reading(travel)expands one’s mind
expel 驱逐,赶走:expel an invader from a country
expend 花费,消费(on,in):They expended all their strength in (on) trying to climb out
expire 满期,届期,(期限)终止:His term of office expires this year
explicit 详尽的,明确的:give explicit directions
exploit英勇的或冒险的行为或事迹:The daring of exploit of the parachutists were much admired
exterior 外部的,外面的,外表的:exterior decorations
external 外面的,外部的:external signs of a disease
extinct (火等)熄灭了的:an extinct cigarette(fire)
extinguish熄灭,扑灭:extinguish a cigarette(candle)
extract取出,提取:extract a confession
extravagant奢侈的,浪费的:be extravagant in one’s way of living
F
fabricate 建造,制造:The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock
facilitate使变得(更)容易,使便利:Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from the Middle East to Japan
fade (颜色)褪去:The color in this material will not fade
faint不清楚的,模糊的,微弱的:a faint idea
fancy想象力:Children usually have a lively fancy
fare车费,船费,飞机票价:full (half) fare
fascinate强烈的吸引,迷住,使神魂颠倒:be fascinated with history
fashion方式,样子:She speaks in a very strange fashion
favor 恩惠,善意的行为:We would esteem it a great favor if you would reply at once
feasible 可行的:a feasible plan(idea)
feeble 虚弱的,无力的:His pulse was very feeble
feed 喂养,饲养:feed a baby at the breast
figure 数字:according to official figures
finance 财政,金融:skill in finance
finite 有限的,有限制的:a finite number of facts
flare (火焰)闪耀,(摇曳不定地)燃烧:candle flaring in the wind
flash 闪光,闪烁:a flash of lighting
flat平坦的,扁平的:a flat land
flatter奉承,使高兴:I feel greatly flattered by your invitation
flavor味,味道,风味:drama with a European flavor
flee逃走,逃掉:The enemy troops fled in utter confusion
flexible柔韧易,弯曲的:flexible cord
fling(用力)扔,掷,抛,丢:fling sb into prison
flourish 茂盛,繁荣,兴旺:Painting flourished in Italy in the fifteenth century
fluctuate波动,起伏:You can’t march in a straight line to the victory,you fluctuate it
flush 脸红:Her cheeks flushed red
forbid 不许,禁止:Wine is absolutely forbidden to all the children
forge锻炼:forge a horse-shoe out of an iron bar
formulate规划(制度等),构想出(计划方法等)formulate a policy
fracture 裂缝,裂痕,a fracture in the pipe
frequent时常发生的,频繁的:His trips to France are less frequent now
frown 皱眉:frown at sb
frustrate 挫败,阻挠,使灰心,使无效:frustrate a plan
fulfill (fulfilled,fulfilling)履行,实现,完成,fulfill a contract
furnish供应，提供：furnish blankets for the refugees
fury狂怒，暴怒：fly into a fury
fuss大惊小怪，乱忙，小题大做：make much fuss over losing a penny
G
gallop (马等的)飞跑，疾驰：The horse did a fine gallop during the race
gamble赌博：gamble at cards
gasp 喘气，喘息：speak between gasps
gear齿轮，传动装置，(排)档：interlock cogs and gears
generalize 归纳，概括:I don’t think you can generalize about what voters will do
generate 产生，发生(电、热、光、力、摩擦力等)：generate electricity
genuine 真的，非人造的，名副其实的：genuine leather
gesture 手势，示意动作：raise one’s hands in a gesture of despair
glance 一瞥，扫视：take a glance at the newspaper headlines
glare 怒视，瞪眼：give the jury a glare
glimpse 一瞥，一看：have a glimpse of (into)sth
glitter 闪闪发亮(或发光)，光彩夺目，闪耀：His language glitters with marvelous words
glory 光荣，荣誉：The soldiers hoped to win glory on the battle field
glow 发热，发光，发红：the fire glowing in the darkness
gossip 流言蜚语：give rise to gossip
govern 统治，管理：govern a nation
grace 优美：She ran well,grace in every movement
graduate (使)大学毕业：graduate from college
grant 同意，准予：grant a request
grease 油脂，动物脂：the grease spot on the envelope
greet 问候，招呼：greet sb with a nod
grieve 使悲伤，使伤心：The little girl grieved over her kitten’s death
grind (ground)磨，磨碎，碾碎：grind wheat into flour
grip 抓紧，紧握：Fear gripped his heart
gross 总的，毛的：gross income
guarantee 保证，保证书，保单：Wealth is no guarantee of happiness
H
hail 欢呼，喝彩：The crowd hailed the actress with joy
halt (行进中的)暂停前进，中止，终止：The car came to a sudden halt
hamper 妨碍，阻碍：hamper sb from getting elected
handicap 障碍，不利条件：Poor eyesight is a handicap to a student
haste 急速，急忙，仓促，草率,Why all this haste?
hatch 孵，孵出：hatch (out) chickens
hazard 危险，危害物，危险之源：a life full of hazards
heal 治愈，愈合：heal the sick
heap (一)堆：a big heap of books
hedge (矮树)树篱：a quickset hedge
highlight 使显著，使突出：Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output
hinder妨碍，阻止：Bad weather hindered travel
hint 暗示：drop(give,throw out)a hint
hoist 举起，升起，吊起：The war hoisted prices
hold 拿着，抓住：The girl is holding the baby in her arms
homogeneous 同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的：homogeneous parts
horizon 地平(线)：The sun has sunk below the horizon
hospital 好客的，殷勤的，热情友好的：be hospital to the homeless
hostile 敌人的，敌方的：a hostile army
humble 地位(或身份)低下的，卑贱的：a humble job
hysterical 情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里的 an hysterical outburst of fury
I
identical 同一的：the same (very)identical menu
identify 识别，鉴别：He identified the coat as his brother’s
idle 闲散的，闲置的：idle money
ignite点燃，使燃烧：ignite a stove fire with scraps of paper
ignore 不顾，不理，忽视：He who ignores history is doomed to repeat it
illuminate 照明，照亮，解释，启发，启迪：The room was poorly illuminated by one candle
illustrate (用图或例子)说明，阐明：A complicated rule can be illustrated by a simple example
immerse 使浸没：He immersed himself in the pool
immune免除的，豁免的：Nobody is immune from criticism
impact 冲击，撞击：the impact of light on the eye
impair 削弱，减少：The output of produce was impaired by the bad weather
impartial 公正的，无偏见的：A judge should be impartial
implement 工具，器具，用具：new types of farm implements
impose 征(税)，加(负担，惩罚等)于(on,upon)：impose additional tax on business expansion
impulse 推动，驱动：give an impulse to the development of the friendly relations between the two countries
inaccessible 达不到的：The two rocks at the top of the steep hill is at first sight inaccessible
incline倾斜：The shaft inclines almost thirty degree
incorporate 包含，吸收：His book incorporates his earlier essays
incur 招致，引起，遭受：incur sb’s displeasure(envy)
indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的：The actress was at the columnist’s personal questions
indispensable 必不可少的，必需的(to,for),Oxygen is indispensable to life
induce 引诱，劝使：Nothing will induce me to do that
infer (根据已知事实等)推断，推定(from)：From his grades I inferred that he was a good student
ingenious (人,头脑等)灵巧的，足智多谋的：an ingenious designer
initiate 开始，发起：initiate a conversation
innovate 革新，改革，创新(in,on/upon)：innovate on another’s creation
inquire 询问，打听：He inquired what the weather was likely to be
insert 插入，嵌入：In the pause he managed to inquire a question
inspire 鼓舞，激起：His speech inspires the crowd
instant 紧急的，急迫的，立即的，即刻的：be in instant need of help
institute 学会，协会，学院，研究院：an institute for the blind
insulate 隔音，使隔绝(以免受到影响)：We are not insulated from the real world the way we were
insult 侮辱，辱骂：She insulted him by calling him a coward
insure 保险，给。。。保险：Every father should insure his life for the sake of his wife and children
intact 完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的：an intact family
integrate使成一体，使合并(with,into)：integrate traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine
interfere 妨碍，冲突(with)：Misty weather interfered with the contact
intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的，周期性的：suffer from intermittent headaches
intervene 插入，介入：A week intervenes between Christmas and New Year’s Day
intricate 错综复杂的，复杂精细的：A detective story usually has an intricate plot
invert 使反向，使倒转，使颠倒：The magician inverted the bag to show it was empty
irrespective 不考虑的，不顾的(of),irrespective of consequences
irritate 激怒，使恼怒，使烦躁：be irritated by sb’s insolence
J
justify 证明。。。正当或有理,正确：Such behavior is justified on these grounds
K
knit 编织，编结：She’s knitting her husband a sweater
L
label 标签，标记，标号：put labels on your luggage
lag 走得慢，落后，滞留：Some of the runners began to lag
latent 潜在的，隐伏的，不易觉察的：a latent infection
leak 漏洞，裂缝：The pipe has got a leak
lean 斜，倾斜 the Leaning tower of Pisa
lend 借给，贷款 Could you lend me your car
length 长，长度 What is the length of the street?
liable 会……的，有……倾向的 We are all liable to make mistakes
liberal 慷慨的，大方的 a liberal donation
light 光，光亮，光线 The house blazed with light
limp 软的，松沓的 a young man in a limp gray sweater
linger逗留，徘徊 The children lingered at the zoo until closing time
long 长的，远的，久的 a long journey
lubricate 使润滑 lubricate the skin with cold cream
lump块，小方块 a lump of coal
M
macroscopic肉眼可见的
magnet 磁铁，磁铁石 The pin was extracted with a magnet
magnify 放大，扩大 I want to magnify this picture
maintain 维持，保持 maintain law and order
malfunction 发生功能障碍，发生障碍 If the computer malfunctions it fails to work properly
maltreat 粗暴地对待，虐待 We’ll not intervene unless the children are being physically maltreated
manifest 显然的，明了的manifest superiority
manipulate (熟练地)操作 Mr,Smith manipulated the ivory chopsticks with great dexterity
mature 熟的，成熟的 a mature fruit
meet 遇见，碰到 He met her there by chance
melt 使融化，使熔化 The sun melted the snow
mend 修理，修补 mend clothes
merit 长处，优点，价值，功绩 merits and demerits
migrate 移居(尤指移居国外)，迁移 migrate to another country
minimum 最低限度，最少量，最低点
minor 较小的，较少的，较不重要的
mislead 把……引错方向，把……引入歧途
moan 呻吟声，呜咽声 Each time she moved her leg she let out a ～,
mobilize 动员 Our country’s in great danger,we must ～ the army.
mock 嘲笑，嘲弄 He had ～ed her modest ambitions.
model 模型，原形 build airplane ～s
modify 修改，更改 ～a law
momentary 片刻的，瞬息的 a ～ feeling of fear
monitor （学校的）班长 a ～ in class 5.
mortgage 抵押（借款）He will have to ～ his land for a loan.
motion 动，运动the ～ of the planets
motive 动机，目的be proper in～
mount登上,爬上～ the steps
multiply 乘，相乘～ 7 and 8
muscle 肌肉 facial ～s
mutual 相互的,彼此的 ～ aid
N
narrate 叙述，讲述 ～ the story of sb’s life
nasty 龌龊的，肮脏的 a～ room
necessitate 使成为必须，需要 The emergency ～d a change in plans.
necessity 必要（性），（迫切）需要 There is no ～ for disappointment.
neglect 忽视，忽略 ～ one’s health
negligent 疏忽的，大意的 be ～ about traffic regulations
nominal 名义的，有名无实的 a ～ leader
nominate 提名 a ～ leader
noteworthy值得注意的，显著的a ～ day
notorious 臭名昭著的a ～ thief
notwithstanding 虽然，尽管 They traveled on,～ the storm
nourish养育Milk is all we need to ～our small baby
numb 麻木的，失去感觉的 fingers ～ with cold
O
object 物体，事物 cultural ～s
objective 目的，宗旨 political ～s
oblige 强迫，迫使 In certain countries the law ～s parents to send their children to school
obscure 晦涩的，费解的 an ～ text
obsolete 废弃的，淘汰的 Wooden warships are ～.
obstinate 顽固的，固执的，倔强的The girl would go her own way,in spite of all warnings
occasion 时刻，场合They met on three ～s
occupy 占用，占有My books ～ a lot of space
occur 发生，存在，出现 when did the earthquake ～?
odd的奇数的，单的，奇怪的One,three five are ～numbers
offend 冒犯，使生气 She was afraid of ～ing anyone.
offence 犯法行为，过错 They were arrested for drug ～s.
offset 补偿，抵消They gains ～the losses.
omit 省略，删去 Minor points may be omitted.
opaque 不透明的A brick wall is ～.
optimistic 乐观的，乐观主义的
option 选择权 It is your ～ to take it or leave it
orient 东方，东方国家 political theory in the West and in the Orient
origin 起源，由来 a word of Latin ～
ornament 装饰品，点缀品 We bought ～s for the Christmas tree
orthodox 正统的，正宗的 an ～ economic theory
outline轮廓，外形 He saw the ～ of a house against the sky
overflow 泛滥 Every spring the river ～s
overhaul 大修，全面检查，彻底革新～ a faulty machine
overhear 偶然听到，偷听到I wouldn’t like to be ～d
overlap 重叠，部分相同 The Renaissance overlapped the later Middle Ages
overtake 赶上，超过 He ran out of the door to ～ her
overthrow 推翻，打倒 a plot to ～ the government
overwhelm 征服，压倒，毁坏 He took 45% of the ballots and ～ed his two main rivals
P
pace 步，步速，步伐 He took three ～s forward
pack 包，包裹 The climber carried some food in a ～ on his back
pad 垫，衬垫 a seat ～
pant 气喘，气喘吁吁地说话 He ～ed along beside the bicycle
parallel 平行的 The road is ～ to the river
paralyze 使瘫痪，使麻痹 A stroke ～d half his face
partial 偏向一方的，偏袒的，偏爱的 A parent should not be ～ to any one of his children
participate 参与，参加，In a modern democracy people want to ～ more fully
particular 特殊的，特别的 a matter of ～ importance
pat (用掌或扁平物)轻拍，轻打She patted a place next to her for me to sit down
patch 补钉，补片 patches at elbows of a jacket
patent 专利，专利权，专利品 take out a ～ for an invention
pattern 模范，榜样 set the ～ for
pave 铺路，铺砌，铺筑 ～ a road with concrete
peculiar 奇怪的，古怪的 He has always been a little ～
peel 削皮，剥皮 peel potatoes
penetrate 穿透，渗入 The nail ～d the wood at least two inches
perceive 感知，感觉，觉察 He was only able to ～ light and color ;he could not see properly
perfect 完美的，理想的 a ～ couple
perform 做，执行，完成～ an experiment
perfume 香水，香料，香气She loves French ～(s)
periodical 期刊，杂志 a ～ room
perish 卒，丧生～ from disease
perpetual 永久的，永恒的，长期的 a ～ arms race
perplex 使困惑，使茫然 The question ～ed him
persecute 虐待，残害，迫害 ～ animals
perspective 透视画法，透视图 a lesson in drawing class on ～
pessimistic 悲观的 I am ～ about my chances of getting the job
petition 请愿，请愿书 get up a ～
pierce 刺入，刺穿，穿透 The thorn ～d his heel
pile 一堆，一叠 a ～ of sand
pilot 飞行员，驾驶员
pin 大头针，别针
pinch 捏，拧，夹 I ～ed myself to make sure I wasn’t dreaming
plausible 论点等貌似有理的 a ～ excuse
plead 恳求，请求 His parents ～ed that he should be given one more chance
pledge 保证，誓言，誓约 fulfill one’s ～
plot 小块土地 a vegetable ～
plug 塞子，栓 He wears rubber ～s in his ears when he swims
plunge 猛地投入或插入 He ran to the edge of the swimming pool and ～d in
pocket 衣袋，口袋，袋子 a change ～
polish 擦光，擦亮 Polish your shoes with a brush
poll 民意测验 A recent ～ shows a change in public opinion
pool 水池，游泳池 a swimming ～
portable 便于携带的，手提式的，轻便的This little TV is extremely ～
pose 姿势，样子 The model was asked to adopt various ～s for the photographer
postpone 延迟，延缓，延期 We are postponing our trip until the weather grows warmer
potential 潜在的，可能的 That hole in the road is a ～ danger
pour 倒，注，灌，倾泻，涌流 He began to ～ with sweat
preach 讲道，布道 ～ to a packed church
preside 主持，主管(at,over) The vice chairman of the board will ～ at today’s meeting
press 按，挤，压 ～ the bell
presume 推测，假定，假设 From the way they talked,I ～d them to be married
prevail 流行，盛行 This custom still ～s among members of the older generation
prey 被捕食的动物，捕获物 The lion seized its ～ and ate it
prick 一刺，一扎 The boy burst the balloon with a ～ of the needle
prime 首要的，主要的 a matter of ～ importance
primitive 原始的，上古的，早期的 a ～ forest
prior 在先的，在前的 Stop making public statements without their ～ approval here
privilege 特权，优惠，特免 In countries where there are still not many schools,education is a ～
probe 探索，探查，调查 ～ the roots of war
proceed （尤指停顿或打断后）继续进行 The train ～ed at the same speed as before
process 过程，进程 the ～ of digestion
proclaim 宣告，宣布，声明 ～ war
produce 生产，制造 Canada ～s wheat and furs
profit 利润，收益，红利 They made millions in ～s in last year
profound 很深的 a ～ sleep
prohibit 禁止 Tourist class passengers are ～ed from using the first class lounge
project 计划，方案 draw up a ～
prolong 延长，拉长，拖延 a means of ～ing life
prominent 突起的，凸出的 a ～ forehead
prompt 敏捷的，迅速的 He is ～ on the job
pronounce 发音 ～ distinctly
propose提议，建议 When she was very ill,her lawyer has ～d to her that she might like to make a will
prosper 兴旺，繁荣，昌盛，成功 His farm ～ed through good management
provoke 挑动，激起，导致 He tried to ～ them into fighting
pump 泵 fill a bucket from the ～
pursue 追赶，追随，追求 He felt their eyes pursuing him
puzzle 难题，智力玩具，迷，迷惑 jigsaw ～
Q
quality 质量，品级 merchandise of ～
quantity 数量，量 an increase in ～
quench 消除，平息，压制，扑灭 ～ hatred
queue一队人，一行列车 from a ～
quit 停止，放弃 It hasn’t ～ raining yet
quiver 颤抖，抖动 ～ with cold
quote引用，引述，援引 She ～d several verses to us
R
rack 架子，支架，搁架 a clothes ～
radiate（光，热等）辐射，发射 The sun ～s light and heat
radical 根本的，基本的a ～ error
rake （长柄）耙，耙机，耙状物 an oyster ～
rally 集合，团结 ～ public opinion in favor of price controls
random胡乱的，任意的，随意的，a ～talk
range 排，行，一系列 a ～ of buildings
rank排，行，列 the ～s of great pines
rate 比率，率 Velocity is the ～ of change of distance with respect to time
reap 收割，收获 ～ the rice in the field
rear 后部，后边，背部a garden at the ～ of the house
recall 回忆，回想I ～ seeing a poster on his wall
reciprocal 相互的，交互的 ～ respect
reckon 计算，数 ～ the days till Christmas
reclaim 使改过，改造 ～ former criminals
recognize认出，识别 Dogs ～ people by their smell
recollect 回忆，想起 I am trying to ～ a forgotten address
recommend 推荐，称赞 He ～ed me for the post of headmaster
reconcile 使和解，使和好After each fight they ate soon ～d
recover 追回，重新得到The police ～ed stolen watch
recruit 招募（新兵）招收（新成员）try to ～300 men in two days
rectify纠正，改正，矫正 ～ the mistakes in a bill
refer 提到，谈到 Does the remark ～ to me
refine 提炼～ crude oil into various petroleum products
reform 改革，改良 He spend years trying to ～ the world
refresh 使恢复活力，使振作精神 Sleep ～es the body
refute驳斥，驳倒 The argument cannot be d at the moments
regard 看待，认为，对待 I ～ the matter in this light
regenerate 使恢复，使复兴，再生The human body can ～ hair,nails,etc
regulate管理，控制，为……制订规章 The policeman ～d traffic at the intersection
reign 为王，统治In England,the sovereign ～s but does not rule
reinforce 增援，加强 They hope to ～ their domination in these countries
rejoice 使感到高兴，使充满喜悦 The whole nation ～ over the victory
relate 讲述，叙述 She ～d the experience of a Chinese girl in the United States
relay 接力传送，传递 ～ a message
release 排放，释出 ～ a bomb from an aircraft
relevant 有关的，切题的I don’t think his remarks are ～ to our discussions
relieve 缓解，减轻，解除He smoked frequently to ～ nervous tension
remark 评论，议论 (on,upon) It would be rude to ～ upon her appearance
remedy 治疗，治疗法，药品 a folk ～
remember 记得，回想起，不忘记 I ～ reading that boo when I was eight
remind 提醒，使想起 I ～ed him of his promise
remove 移开，挪走 ～ one’s eyes from the picture
render 使得，使成为 The blow ～ed him unconscious
renew 更新，恢复，更换We feel totally ～ed in body,mind,and spirit
renovate 修复，整修 ～ a two storey building
repel 击退，抵制，拒绝，排斥 ～ the enemy
repent 后悔，懊悔 ～of a thoughtless act
replace 代替，取代，更换The calculator is rapidly replacing the abacus
represent 代表，象征To many local people these castles ～ a hundred years of foreign domination
reproach 责备，指责，斥责 mute ～
rescue 营救，救援，搭救 ～ hostages held by the terrorists
resent 怨恨 ～ those unfair comments
reserve 保留，储备 We’ll the ticket for you till tomorrow noon
resign 辞职，引退 He ～ed from his post
resolve 决定，打定注意要 Have you ～d where to go next?
resort 求助，凭借，诉诸 ～ to sb for help
restore 恢复，修复，康复 The temple has been ～d out of all recognition
restrain 抑制，遏止 ～ one’s anger
resume 重新开始，继续 When I quit golf,I ～d writing
retain 保留，保持 ～the right to reply
reveal 揭示，揭露 I promise never to ～ his secret
revenge 报仇，复仇Man may destroy the balance of nature,but,from time to time,nature takes a terrible ～
reverse 相反的，颠倒的，倒退的a ～ dictionary
revise 修订，校订 ～ a dictionary
revive 苏醒，复苏 He is dead and never will ～
ridiculous 可笑的，荒唐的，荒谬的 In this department of English girls outnumber boys in a ～ ratio
rigid 刚性的，坚硬的 a ～ piece of plastic
ripe 成熟的，时机成熟的 a ～ cluster of grapes
roll 滚动，滚落 Rocks were ～ing down the hillside
rot 腐烂，腐坏，腐朽，腐败，腐化Meat may ～ if it is not refrigerated
roundabout 绕道的，绕圈子的，不直接的 The car has to take a ～ course to avoid the flood
rouse 惊起 The boat ～d wild ducks to flight
row 吵闹，争吵 What’s all this ～ about?
rub 擦，摩擦 He rubbed his eyes
rush 冲，奔 ～ into the room
rust 锈，铁锈 Iron gathers ～easily
ruthless 无情的，残忍的，冷酷的 a～ enemy
S
sack 麻袋，纸袋，塑料袋 a ～of cement
sacred 神圣的the ～ name of God
sacrifice 献祭，供奉 a law banning the ～ of animals
salute 敬礼，祝贺 ～ one’s superior officer
scan 细看，审视 ～ the doctor’s face for a sign of hope
scare 惊吓，恐惧 The thunder ～d the children
scatter 撒，撒播～ corn for the chickens
schedule 时间表，进度表 a fight ～
scheme 计划，方案 He suggested several ～s to increase sales
scold 责骂，训斥 Dad ～ed me for coming home late
score 得分，比分，分数，成绩 At the end of first half there’s no ～
scorn 轻蔑，鄙视 He ～s lying
scrap 碎片，零屑 ～s of bread
scrape 刮，擦 ～one’s chin
scratch 抓，刮，擦 The cat ～ed me with its claws
screen 屏，幕，帘 a folding ～
secure 安全的，可靠的，有把握的 a castle ～from attack
seek 寻找，探索 ～ shelter from the rain
seize 抓住，捉住The policeman ～d him by the collar
sense 感官，官能 Sight,hearing,touch,taste,and smell are the five ～s
sensible 明知的，合情理的 a ～ choice
serve 服务，履行职责 He ～d as an adviser to the company
set 放置 He set his hand on my shoulder
shade 荫，荫凉处The group of trees provide some ～ from the sun
sham假装，虚伪 Her illness was a ～ to gain sympathy
shame 羞耻，羞愧 flush with ～
shape 形状，外形 the ～ of sb’s face
share 一分，分额，一部分 They divided the money into equal ～s
shear 剪，修剪 ～ a lawn
shed 流 ～ one’s blood for one’s country
sheer 完全的，十足的 ～ nonsense
shelter 掩蔽处，躲避处 a bus ～
shield 盾，保护物，防御物 They piled more sand on top as a ～
shift 转移，移动 Don’t try to ～the blame onto me
shower 阵雨，阵雨般的东西 be caught in a hard ～
shrewd 机灵的，敏锐的，精明的 a ～ guess
signify 表示，表明，预示 ～ consent with a nod
simulate 假装，冒充 use tricks to ～ illness
sit 坐，就坐 He was sitting over his coffee with a cigar
sketch 素描，速写 make a ～ of a face in pencil
slack 不紧的，不严的 a ～ soft rope
slender 苗条的，修长的，细长的She is ～ and has long dark hair
slide 滑行，滑动，滑落 The drawers of my desk ～ in and out easily
slim苗条的，薄的 Regular exercise will make you slimmer
slip 滑倒，滑落，滑行 She ～ed on the wet stones and fell
slit 切开，撕开 ～ the envelope open
slope 倾斜，有坡度 The ground ～s down sharply at this point
sly 狡猾的，偷偷的 a ～answer
smart 聪明的，精明的 Smart students talk earlier than the average
smash 打碎，打破，摧毁 The ball ～ed the window
smooth 平滑的，光滑的～ skin
snatch 夺得，一把抓住 The thief ～ed her handbag and ran off
snob 势力的人，谄上欺下的人 a ～ of the first water
soak 湿透，浸湿，浸泡 You shouldn’t have gone out in the rain－your clothes are ～ing
sober 未醉的 A driver must stay ～
soil 泥土，土壤The ～here is very fertile
sophisticated 老于世故的 a young man quite ～ for his age
sore 痛的，痛苦的，痛心的touch sb on a ～ place
sort 种类，类别 He is not the ～ of man to do such a cruel thing
sound 健康的，健全的，完好的 a ～body in a ～ mind
sour 酸的，酸味的 ～pickles
sow 播种 This plot of land was sown with maize
spare 多余的，剩下的have no ～ cash
spark 火花，火星 The firework burst into a shower of ～s
sparkle 发光，闪耀 Her eyes were sparkling with anger
specify 具体指定，详细说明 They have specified the amount as 700,000 dollars
spectacle 景象，奇观，壮观，场面 The burning house was a terrible ～
speculate 推测，推断 I cannot ～ on their motives for doing this
spill 溢出，溅出 The ship ～ed oil while in port
spin 纺制 ～ cotton into yarn
spit 吐出 He was ～ting out the husks of sunflower seeds on the floor
splash 溅泼A passing car ～ed my dress
split 劈开，切开，裂开 ～ the firewood with an axe
spoil 损坏，毁掉 It would ～ my reputation
sponsor 发起者，主办者，保证人，赞助者the ～ of the annual Christmas parade
spot斑点，污点 a blue tie with ～s
spray 浪花，水花 The new shower heads reduce ～ and waste less water
sprout 抽条，发芽，长出 The seeds we planted finally ～ed
spur 靴刺，踢马刺a pair of ～s
squeeze 榨，挤 ～ juice from oranges
stab 刺，戳，猛的一击，突发的一阵 a ～ of anxiety
stack整齐的一叠 a ～ of bills
staff 全体职员，全体雇员 The company has got a ～ of about 40
stain 玷污，污染 His shirt was ～ed with blood
stale 食品等不新鲜的，走味的 These old peanuts taste ～
stall 牛舍
stamp 邮票 put a ～ on a letter
start 开始，动手 I’ve got so many things to do,I don’t know where to ～
startle 惊吓，使吃惊 The horse ～s easily
starve 使挨饿，饿死 Many live in luxury while others are starving
station 车站 at Victoria Station
stationary 固定的，静止的，非流动的 ～ troops
statistics 统计，统计资料 The recent ～ on marriage are interesting
steer 掌舵，驾驶 ～ a car through the entrance
stern 严厉的，苛刻的 a ～ punishment
stick 棍，棒，手杖 Grandfather walks with a ～
stimulate 刺激，促使 ～ economic growth
sting刺，螫，叮 A bee stung him on the neck
stir 使微动，移动 A breeze ～red my hair
stitch 一针，针脚 Make your ～es closer together
stock 原料，备料，库存，现货 Rags are used as a ～ for making paper
stoop 俯身，弯腰She ～ed to pick up her fan
storm 风暴，暴风雨，暴风雪 A ～ arose
straightforward 一直向前的，直接的 a ～ business transaction
strain 拉紧，绷紧 If you ～ the elastic any more,it will break
strap 带，皮带 silks ～s
stream 小河，溪流 on the banks of a ～
strength 力量，力气，活力，效力 the economic ～ of a nation
stress压力，紧张 Not all of us can cope with the ～es of modern life
stretch 伸直，伸长 He yawned and ～ed himself
stride阔步前进，大踏步走He strode to the platform
strike 打击，撞 A stone struck me on the head
string 细绳，线，带 She took the parcel and started to undo the string
strip 剥去，除去 The wind stripped the tree of all its leaves
strive 努力，奋力，力求～ towards a goal
stroke 敲，打，鸣 drive in a nail with one ～ of the hammer
stubborn 顽固的，倔强的 The ～ boy refused to listen to his parents’advice
stuff 原料，材料，物品，东西 He has got all the ～ ready for building his new house
subject 题目，主题 the ～ for a debate
submerge 浸没，淹没，湮没 The stream overflowed and ～d the farmland
submit 屈服，服从，投降 ～ to foreign pressure
subordinate 下级的 In the army,captains are ～ to majors
substance 物质，实质 the ～ of pre-school education
substitute 代替者，代替物 He is the doctor’s ～ during holidays times
subtle 微妙的，巧妙的 His whole attitude has undergone a ～ change
subtract 减，减去 Subtract 4 from 10 you get 6
succession 连续，一系列 a ～ of debates
suck 吸，A large mosquito was sucking blood from the back of her hand
sue 控告，起诉 ～ sb for slander
summary 总结，概要 This book has a ～ at the end of each chapter
superb 极好的，一流的，杰出的 ～ science and engineering
superficial 表面的 a ～resemblance
superfluous过多的，剩余的，多余的a ～remark
supervise 监督，管理，指导 ～ sb’s every move
supplement增补，补充 a ～ to wages
suppress压制，镇压 ～human rights
supreme最高的，至上的 a ～ ruler
surpass超过，优于，强于，胜过 ～ advanced world
surplus过剩，剩余 a teacher ～
survey调查～ population growth in the southern provinces
survive 幸存，幸免于Only two people ～d the fire
suspect 怀疑 He ～ed a plot against his life
sustain支撑，承受The fountains were not strong enough to ～ the weight of the house
swallow 吞，咽 ～ one’s food
swarm 蜂群
sway摇摆 a tree ～ing gently in the breeze
swear宣誓，发誓 ～ on a Bible to observe secrecy
swell 膨胀，鼓起 A tire ～s as it is filled with air
swing 摇摆，摇荡 ～ a baby in the cradle
sympathy 同情心，慰问 a man of wide sympathies
synchronize使同步，使结合，使协调 Their steps ～d
T
taboo 禁忌，忌讳Movies producers attempted to break down all the ～s
tackle 用具，装备 shaving ～
tailor 裁缝 go to the ～’s
talk 讲话，谈话 Is your baby talking yet?
tame 驯化的，驯服的，温顺的 ～animails
tan棕黄色，黄褐色 buy some shoes in tan
tax 税（款）Half of his wages go in tax
tear 撕开，撕裂tear open an envelope
tease 戏弄，取笑 The boy is teasing the cat
tedious 单调乏味的，冗长的，罗嗦的a ～ debate
temper 心情，脾气 be in a good～
tempt 引诱，诱惑 Nothing could ～ me to do such a thing
tend 趋向，倾向 Interest rates are ～ing upwards
tender 嫩的 a ～ piece of meat
tentative 试验性的，试探性的，暂时的，推测的 a ～plan
term 学期 the spring ～
terminate 停止，结束，使终止 ～ a contract
terrify 使害怕，使惊吓 She was terrified out of her wits
testify 作证，证明 He agreed to ～ on behalf of the accused man
thermal 热的，由热造成的 ～burns
thirst 渴，口渴 The heat creates a ～ in me like I’ve never had before
thread 线，线状物 cotton ～
thrill 使非常兴奋，使非常激动 It’s a sight that never fails to ～ me
thrive 兴旺发达，繁荣 His business is thriving
thrust 推，刺，戳，插，挤He was ～ into power
tick （钟声等发出的）滴答声
tidy 整洁的，整齐的a ～ room
tilt 使倾斜，使倾倒 Tilt your head back so that I can look down your throat
time 时间，时刻，时候 ～ and space
tip 末端，尖端 the tips of the fingers
toast 烤面包，吐司 two slices of ～
token 表示，标志，象征He did that as a ～ of good faith
torture 拷打，拷问 ～ a confession from a prisoner
toss 扔，抛，掷 The children tossed the ball to each other
tough 坚韧的，牢固的 Some plastic are as ～ as metal
tow 拖，拉，牵引 tow a damaged ship into port
tower 塔，塔楼，高楼 a television ～
trace 痕迹，踪迹 The wound healed,leaving almost no ～ of a scar
track足迹，踪迹～s in the snow
tragedy 悲剧 Hamlet is one of shakespeare’s best known tragedies
trail 痕迹，足迹 a ～ of destruction left by the violence
tramp 步行，跋涉 He loves ～ing over the hills
transfer 转移，调动 the company has transferred to an eastern location
transform 变形，改观 ～ a hotel into a hospital
transient 短暂的，转瞬即逝的 ～ happiness
transmit 播送，发射 ～ a match live
transparent 透明的 Glass is ～
transplant 移植，移种，移居 ～ a human heart into a patient
treasure 财宝，财富 dig for buried ～
trend 倾向，趋势an upward ～ of prices
trick 诡计，骗局 He got the money by a ～
trifle 琐事，小事 One should not get angry about such a ～
trim 整齐的，整洁的 ～ lawns
trip 旅行，旅游 a ～ round the world
triple 三倍的，三重的，三部分的，三方的Black unemployment rate runs ～ the figure for whites
triumph 胜利 a ～ over the enemy
trivial 琐碎的，不重要的，无价值的 ～ matters
tuck 夹入，藏入 He ～ed the letter in a book so he wouldn’t lose it
tug （用力）拖或拉He tugged the door but it wouldn’t open
tumble 跌到，滚下The baby is just learning to walk and he’s always tumbling over
tune 曲调，曲子 She wrote the words of the song and her brother wrote the ～
turbulent 骚乱的，动荡的，混乱的，狂暴的a ～ crowd
turn 转动，旋转Turn the hands of the clock until they point to 9 O’clock
tutor 家庭教师，指导教师 When the students are making their choices,their ～ may well guide them
twinkle 闪烁，闪耀，闪亮 The diamond on her finger ～d in the firelight
twist 捻，搓，绞，拧 ～ a rope out of threads
U
ultimate 最后的，最终的 The war ended for us in ～ victory
unanimous 全体一致的，一致同意的 They are ～ in asking for a rise in pay
uncover 揭开，揭露 ～ a dish of food
underestimate 低估 ～ the difficulties of the task
undergo 经历，遭受，忍受 ～ much suffering
underline 在……下划线，强调 Please translate the ～d sentences in the passage
underlie 位于……之下 Many facts ～ my decision
undermine 在……下挖 ～ a wall
undertake 着手做,从事 ～ an attack
undesirable 不合意的，不受欢迎的 The drug has ～ side effects
uneasy 心神不宁的，不安宁的 be ～uneasy about the future
unfold 展开，打开 ～ a newspaper
uniform 不变的，相同的，均匀，统一的 a ～ temperature
unify 使成一体，统一 become a unified nation
update 更新，使现代化 ～a textbook
upgrade 提高，使升级，改善 ～ products and services
uphold 举起，高举 He upheld his clenched hand
upright 挺直的，垂直的 an ～ seat
uproar 骚乱，骚动The public ～ over unclear-radiation hazards continues to mount
upset 弄翻，打翻 I’ve ～ a tin of paint on the carpet
up-to-date 时新的，新式的，现代化的They are ～ on recent developments in the world computer industry
urge 推进，鼓励 The president,～d on by his staff,has decided to attend the talks
urgent 紧迫的，紧要的 He left the country on ～ business
utilize 利用 ～ solar energy
utter 发出（声音等），说，吐露 ～ the truth
V
vacant 未被占用的 a ～ seat in a bus
vague 含糊的，不明确的，模糊的 a ～ answer
vain 徒劳的，无效的 ～ efforts
valid 有根据的 a ～ excuse
value 价值 I was offered 50 pounds for my old car but its ～ is much higher
vanish 突然消失，逐渐消散 With a wave of his hand,the magician made the rabbit
veil 面纱，面罩 Jewish women wore ～s in token of reverence and submission
ventilate 使通风，使空气流通 ～ a room
venture 冒险，冒险行动，投机行动take a ～ in oil
verge 边，边缘，边沿 the ～ of a stream
verify 证明，证实Subsequent events verified my suspicions
versatile 多才多艺的 a ～ man
versus 诉讼，竞赛等中以……为对手 The match tonight is China ～ Japan
vertical 垂直的，立式的 a ～ engine
veto 否决，否决权，否决权的行使 The rest of the committee could not accept the ～
vibrate 使震动，使摆动 His heavy footsteps upstairs made the old house ～
vicious 邪恶的，恶毒的，凶残的 lead a ～ life
vigor 体力，精力，活力 in the ～ of manhood
violate 违反，违背 ～ the traffic regulations
virtual 实际上的，事实上的 the ～ manager of the business
virtue 美德，德行 Among her many ～s are loyalty,courage,and truthfulness
visible 看得见的，可见的 a ship barely ～ on the horizon
vision 视力，视觉 ～ care
vital 有生命力的 The heart is a ～ organ
vivid 鲜艳的 the ～ green of leaves in spring
void 空的 a ～ space
volunteer 志愿者，自愿参加者 Are there any ～s for a swim?
vote 投票，表决 bring sth to a vote
W
wage 工资，报酬 What is your weekly ～?
wake 醒来，醒着，唤醒 He spends all his waking hours working
waken 醒来，睡醒He wakened when the alarm sounded
wander 漫步，徘徊 He ～ed home
ward 病房 a 4-bed ～
warrant 授权，批准，正当理由，根据 He had no ～ for his action
waterproof 不透水的，防水的 ～ material
way 方法，方式 Do it your own way
wear 穿，戴 ～ diamonds
weary 疲倦的，疲劳的 a ～ look
weave 织，编，编制 ～ cloth
wedge 楔子，三角木 Please put a ～ in the door so that it will stay open
weed 杂草，野草My garden is running to ～s
weep 哭泣，流泪 ～ for one’s failure
weigh 称……重量，称～ oneself on the scales
weld 焊接，煅接 It takes speed to ～ steel at this heat
whirl 旋转，急转 The couples ～ed round the dance floor
whisper 低语，耳语，轻声说 ～ to sb
whistle 吹口哨，鸣笛 The train ～d
whitewash 粉饰
wholesome 有益于健康的 ～ surroundings
wicked 坏的，邪恶的，淘气的，恶作剧的 ～ habits
wind 绕，缠The snake wound around a branch
wire 金属丝，金属线steel ～
withdraw 抽回，收回，提取 She withdrew her eyes from the terrible sight
withhold 使停止，阻挡 be obliged to ～ one’s pen
withstand 经受，承受 ～hardships
witness 目击者，见证人a ～ of the accident
wonder 奇迹 the Seven Wonders of the World in ancient times
worship 崇拜，崇敬 the ～ of the dollar
worth 值……钱a house ～ 50,000 pounds
wrap 包，裹 ～ oneself in a blanket
wreck 失事，遇难 a train ～
wrench 扳手 He is a ～,
wrinkle 皱，皱纹 He will wore the ～s of anxiety on his forehead.
write 写，写字，写信，写作 She ～s to me every other week.
Xerox 静电复印（法），静电复印件，静电复印机 Make me a ～ of this report.
Y
yield 生产，产生，带来 This orchard ～s apples and pears.
Z
zeal 热心，热忱，热情 a man of ～
zigzag之字形的，弯曲的 a ～ road
zone 地带，分布带 a danger ～
第二部分 英语词汇扩充小结
英语词汇浩瀚如海，如何记忆单词，扩大词汇量一直是英语学习者面对的一大难题。本单元介绍的构词知识—— 词缀，是掌握记忆单词的一个重要环节。牢记词根可以起到举一反三的效果。
英语中的词缀包括前缀和后缀。一般而言，前缀只改变词义，不改变词类；后缀主要改变词类，而不改变词义。英语词汇中由词根，前缀，后缀结合在一起的词很多，占有相当大的比重。下面将英语中常见的前、后缀列出，供同学们参考。因为在该资料的第四部分还有系统的词缀词根内容，所以本部分内容是每个同学时间再紧张也必须掌握的。
常用前缀
ab- 相反，不 如：abnormal 反常的
anti- 反对，反抗 如：antibody 抗体 anti-Japanese 抗日的
auto- 自动，自己 如：automatic 自动的 autobiography 自传
bene- 善，好 如：benefit 好处 benevolent 仁慈的
by- 侧，次要，非正式的 如：byproduct 副产品
co-,col-,com-,con-,cor- 共同 如：cooperation 合作 contract 合同
correspond 通信
de- 否定，除去，非 如：decompose 分解
dif-,di- 分开，否定 如：differ 不同于，区别
dis- 不，相反 如：disprove 不赞成
ex- 出，外 如,export 出口 exclude 排斥
extra- 超过，超越 如：extraordinary 特别的
fore- 预先，先前 如,forecast 预报
il- 表示否定意义 如：illegal 不合法的 illogical 不合逻辑的
im-,in- 表示否定意义 如：incorrect 不正确的 impatient 不耐烦的
inter- 在----之间，相互 如：international 国际的 interact 相互作用
ir- 表示否定意义 如：irregular 不规则的
kilo- 千 如：kilogram 千克 kilowatt 千瓦
micro- 微 如：microeconomic 微观经济学 microphone 麦克风
mini- 微小 如：miniskirt 超短裙
mis- 误，坏 如：mistake misguide 误导
over- 在----上，超出，压倒 如：overhead 头顶的 overcome 克服
per- 十分,完全 如：perfect 完美的
post- 在后，随后 如：postwar 战后 postpone 推迟
pro- 向前，代理 如：progress 进步 pronoun 代词
re- 恢复，再，反对 如：redo 再做 recall 回忆 retreat 撤退
se- 分开，分离 如:：separate 分离 select 选出
semi- 半，部分 如：semifinal 半决赛
sub- 下，在下，其次 如,subway 地道 submarine 水下的
super- 超级 如,supermarket 超市 superman 超人
tele- 远的 如：telephone 电话 telescope 望远镜
trans-,tran- 转移，转化 如,transform 改变 transport 运输
un- 表示否定意义 如：uncommon 不平凡的 unconscious 无意识的
under- 在---之下，低于 如：underline 下划线 underground 地下的
up- 向上，在上 如：uphold 高举 upright 垂直的
with- 向后，阻止 如,withdraw 取回，收回 withhold 抑制，阻止常用后缀
-ability (n.) 可---性 如：readability 可读性
-able (ad.) 能---的，可---的 如：admire---admirable 令人羡慕的
-ably (ad.) ---地 如：reason---reasonably 有理地
-al (a.) 有---的特性 (n.) 表示行为，状况 如：addition---additional 附加的
arrive---arrival 到达
-ality (n.) 表示性质，状态 如：nation---nationality 国籍 民族
-ance (n.) 表示性质，状态，行为 如：ally---alliance 联盟
assist----assistance 帮助
-ant (a.) 有---性质的 （n.）---的人 如：attend---attendant 出席者
-ar (n.) 表示人 如：beg---beggar 乞丐
-arian (n.) ---的人 如：library---librarian 图书馆管理员
-ary (a.) 有---性质的 如：revolution---revolutionary革命的
-ate (v.) 使成为 (a.) 具有---的 (n.) 人 如：activate 使活动 graduate 毕业生
accurate 精确的
-ation (n.) 表示状态，情况 如：alter---alteration 改变
-ative (a.) 有---性质的 如：compare---comparative 比较的
-cy (n.) 表示性质，状态 如：bankrupt---bankruptcy 破产
-dom (n.) 表示性质，状态，领域 如：free---freedom 自由
king---kingdom 王国
-eer (n.) 表示人 如：engine---engineer 工程师
volunteer 志愿者
-en (v.) 使成为 如：deaf---deafen 便聋
sharp---sharpen 削尖
-ence,ency (n.) 表示性质，状态，行为 如：emergency 紧急情况 dependence 依靠
-ent (a.) 有---性质的 (n,) 表示人物 如：confident 自信的 patient 患者
-er (n.) 表人物 如：teach---teacher bank---banker
-ery (n.) 表示地点，场所 如：nurse---nursery 托儿所
-ess (n.) 雌性 如：act---actress 女演员 host---hostess 女主人
-ety(n.) 表性质，情况 如：anxiety 忧虑 variety 种类繁多
-ful (a.) 充满的，有---性质的 如：delight---delightful 令人高兴的
help---helpful 有帮组的
-fy,-efy,-ify (v.) 使变成 如：class---classify 分类 satisfy 使满意
-hood(n.) 表示时期，状态，资格 如：child---childhood 童年
man---manhood 男子气概
-ic (a.) ---的 (n.) 表示人物 如：atom---atomic 原子的
mechanic 机修工
-ical (a.) ---的 如：history---historical 历史上的
-ice (n.) 表示情况，性质，行为等 如：serve---service 服务
-ics (n.) 表示理论，学说 如：electron---electronics 电子学
-ier(n.) 从事某一工作的人 如：cashier 出纳员
-ion (n.) 表示情况，状态 如：dictate---dictation 听写
act---action 行为
-ious (a.) 有---性质的 如：vary---various 各种各样的
labor---laborious 勤劳的
-ish (a.) 似---的 如：self---selfish 自私的
fool---foolish 愚蠢的
-ist （a.）表示---主义或信仰 如,social---socialist 社会主义
natural---naturalist 自然主义者
-ive (a.) 有---的性质 如：attract---attractive 有吸引力的
（n.） 表示人或物 如：detect---detective 侦探
-ivity (n.) 表示性质，状态，---性 如：act---activity 活动，活力
product---productivity 生产力
-ization (n.) –ation （n.） 组成，行为，----化 如：modern---modernization 现代化
-ize （v.） 表示使---化 如：standard---standardize 使标准化
-less (a.) 无---的，不---的 如,hope---hopeless 没希望的
-logical (a.) -----学，----的研究 如：zoology---zoological 动物学的
technology---technological 工艺的
-ment (n.) 表示行为，过程，机构 如：agree---agreement 同意
adjust---adjustment 调整
-most (a.) 表示最---的 如：foremost 最先的
-ness (n.) 表示性质，状态 如：blind---blindness 失明
firm---firmness 坚定
-or (n.) 表示人物 如：edit---editor 编辑
-ous (a.) 有---性质的 如：danger---dangerous 危险的
-ship (n.) 表示关系，资格 如：friend---friendship 友谊
member---membership 会员资格
-ward (a,/ ad.) 向---方向的（地） 如：forward 向前 backward 向后
-wise (ad.) 表示方向，方式 如,clock---clockwise 顺时针方向地
-y (a.) ---的，多---的 (n.) 性质，情况 如：rain---rainy 雨天的
wind---windy 刮风的
discover---discovery 发现
honest---honesty 诚实
第三部分 词汇与搭配集锦
词汇搭配是英语词汇测试的重点，英语词汇中的一些常用词及其构成的短语更是重中之重。理解与掌握这些词语的意义及其用法对英语学习及语言测试有着积极的作用。
常用动词固定搭配
abide by 遵守（法律、诺言、决定等），坚持（意见）
abound in 富有
abstain from 戒绝，避免
accuse sb of 指责
account for 占，说明，解释
act for 代表
act on 实行，其作用
adapt to 适应
adhere to 坚持
admit to 承认
agree on / with 同意（某事）/ （某人）
allow for 考虑到
answer to 符合，适合
approve of 赞成
arrive at / in 到达（某地）
associate with 联合，联系
assure sb of 使放心
attend to 专心，留意
back up 支持，倒退
back down 放弃，退却
benefit from 得益于
blame sb for sth 因某事而责备某人
belong to 属于
break away (from) 脱离，逃脱
break down 损坏，瓦解，崩溃
break in (on) 强行进入，打断，插嘴
break into 闯入
break off 中止，中断
break out 逃出，爆发
break through 突围，突破
break up 中止，结束，打碎，拆散
bring about 带来，引起
bring around 改变主意
bring back 归还，带回
bring down 击落，打倒，降低
bring forth 产生，提出
bring forward 提议
bring out 出版，使显出
bring to 使恢复知觉
bring up 培养，抚养
call at 访问，拜访（某处）
call for 邀请，要求，需要
call forth 唤起，引起，振作起，鼓起
call off 放弃，取消
call on / upon 访问，拜访（某人），号召，呼吁
call up 召集，动员，打电话，使人想起
carry away 激动（常用被动）
carry back 唤起回忆
carry off 致死，赢得
carry on 继续
carry out 实现，完成
carry through 实现，完成，帮助某人渡过难关
come across 偶然碰到，偶然发现
come away 断裂，脱落
come by 获得
come down 传给，降价
come in 进来，流行
come off 发生，举行，脱落，停止表演
come on 快点，出现，出场，开始，进展
come out 出版，出现，结果是
come round 苏醒，复原
come through 经历，脱险
come to 总计，苏醒
come up 走进，上来，发生
come up to 符合，达到
come up with 提出，提供
cut across 抄近路，走捷径
cut back 消减，减少
cut down (on) 消减，降低
cut in 打断，插话
cut off 切断，阻碍
cut out 删除，停止
drop by / in 顺便拜访
drop off 减弱，减少
drop out 退出
fall back to 求助，转而依靠于
fall behind 拖欠，落后
fall in with 与-----一致
fall out 争吵，解散
fall through 落空，失败
fall off 从-----上落下
get across 解释清楚，使人明白
get along / on with 进展，过的
get at 够得着，理解
get away 逃脱，离开
get by 通过，经过
get down 写下
get down to 开始，着手
get in 进入，收获，收回
get into 进入，陷入
get off 从-----下来，动身，起身
get out of 逃避，改掉
get over 克服，痊愈
get rid of 除掉，摆脱
get through 结束，完成，接通电话，度过（时间）
get together 集合，聚集
give away 泄漏，分送
give back 送还，恢复
give in 交上，投降，屈服
give off 放出（蒸汽，光），释放
give out 分发，放出（气味，热）
give rise to 引起，使发生
give up 停止，使放弃
give way to 给-----让路，被-----代替
go after 追求
go ahead 开始，前进
go along with 陪同前往
go around 足够分配，流传
go back on 违背
go by （时间）过去，遵循，凭-----判断
go down 下降，被载入
go for 追求，喜爱，适用于
go in for 从事，致力于，沉湎于
go into 进入，研究，调查
go off 爆炸，进行，动身，离开
go out 熄灭，外出，过时
go over 复习，检查
go through 遭受，经历，仔细检查
go with 伴随，与-----协调
go without 没有-----而将就对付
hand down 流传下来，往下传
hand in 上交，递交
hand on 传下来，依次传递
hand out 分发，分给
hand over 移交，让与
hold back 抑制，阻止
hold on 继续，握住不放
hold out 维持，坚持，支持
hold on to 紧紧抓住，坚持
hold up 举起，阻挡，延迟，抢劫
keep back 阻止，隐瞒，保留
keep down 压制，镇压，压低（声音）
keep off 不接近，避开
keep on 继续，保持
keep to 坚持，遵守
keep up 保持，维持，继续进行
keep up with 跟上，向-----看齐
lay aside 放一边，储蓄
lay down 放下，制定
lay off （临时）解雇，停止工作（休息）
lay out 摆开，布置，设计，制定
let along 更不用说
let down 放下，降低，使失望
let go (of) 放开，松手
let off 宽恕，免除
let out 放掉，发出
live by 靠-----生活，
live on 以-----为主食
live through 度过，经受住
live up to 做到，不辜负
look after 照料，照看，关心
look at 看，看待
look back 回头看，回顾
look down on 请示，看不起
look for 寻找，寻求
look forward to 盼望，期望
look in 顺便拜访
look into 调查，窥视
look on 旁观，观看
look out 留神，注意，提防
look over 把----看一边，察看
look up 查阅，查考
make for 走向，有利于
make out 写出，辨出，理解
make up 组成，构成，编造，化妆，补充，和好
make up for 弥补，偿还
pay back 偿还，回报
pay for 支付，付出代价
pay off 还清（债务），取得成功
pick out 挑选，辨认
pick up 拾起，搭车，学会
pull down 拆毁，拉倒，拉下，降低
pull in （车）停下，进站，（船）靠岸
pull out 拔出，取出，（车）驶出
pull up （使）停下
put across / over 解释清楚，说明
put aside 储存，保留
put down 放下，记下，镇压，平定
put forward 提出
put in 驶进
put off 推迟
put on 穿上，上演，增加（体重）
put up 建造，搭起，张贴，提供食宿，提价
put up with 容忍，忍受
run across 跑着穿过，偶然碰见
run away 私奔，失去控制
run away with 带（某人）私奔，轻易接受（意见）
run down 跑下，人精疲力竭，撞倒，贬低
run into 跑进，使撞，偶然碰见，使陷入
run out 用完，伸向，流出
run over 碾过，浏览
run through 跑着穿过，贯穿，浏览
run up to 跑到，（物价）高涨到----
see off 给-----送行
see through 看穿，识破，干完
see to 负责，照料
set about 开始，着手
set aside 留出，把----搁置在一边，驳回
set at 袭击
set back 把（钟表）往回拨，延缓，阻碍
set down 卸下，使着陆，记下
set in 到来，开始，缝上
set off 出发，动身，引起，使发生
set out 出发，陈列，陈述，企图
set up 建立，树立
show in 领入
show off 炫耀，卖弄
show up 揭穿，露出，（口）出席，到场
stand by 支持，站在一边，袖手旁观
stand for 是----的缩写，代表，意味着
stand out 清晰地显处，醒目
stand up for 维护，支持
take after （外貌）相像
take back 收回，使回想起---
take ---for 以为，误认为
take from 减少，减损，降低
take in 接待，吸收，领会，欺骗，包含，改小（尺寸）
take off 把----带往，起飞，脱下，取笑（通过模仿）
take on 雇佣，承担，呈现
take over 接管，接受，接任
take to 开始从事于，养成----的习惯，沉湎于
take up 拿起，着手处理，吸收（水分），占据（时间）
turn aside 避开，偏离，使转变方向
turn away 离开，转过脸去，解雇，防止（灾祸）
turn (away) from 对------感到厌恶
turn back 停止前进，折回
turn in 拐入，上缴，上床睡觉
turn into 进入，变成，使成为
turn off 关，避开（问题），解雇，生产
turn on 开，把------指向，对----发怒
turn out 结果是，证明是，制造，生产
turn over 使打翻，交给，反复考虑
turn up 出现，被找到，翘起，来到
2．常考动词固定搭配
care for / about 关心，担心，计较（用于否定或疑问句）
check upon / up 检查，检验
check out 办理付账及退房后手续
clear up 整理，收拾，天气变清
collide with 冲突，碰撞
conform to 遵守（规则等）
cope with 处理，应付
cover up 掩盖（错误、非法自之事）
cross out 取消，删去
cut across / along / through 穿过（某地）
destined to do sth / for sth 命定，注定做某事
die down 逐渐消失，平息
die out （习俗等）渐渐消失
direct at 针对
dispose of 处置，处理，舍弃
double sb,Up 使躬身，使弯腰
dwell on / upon 细想，详述
dwell at / in 住，留居
excuse from 使免除责任
feed into 提供原料
fill in (for sb,) 临时替换，补缺
flare up 突然发怒，突然烧起来
give sb,sth,away 出卖，泄漏
give oneself up (to sb,) 投案，自首
go along with 相处得----，赞同，同意
go for 适用，喜欢，支持
go under 下沉，失败
hang back (from sth,) 踌躇，犹豫
head for 向------前进
impose on 将-----强加于某人
knock out 击倒，击晕
let loose 释放，放开
participate in 参加
pass off （药效，疼痛等）停止
preside over 主持，长官
prey on 捕获，捕食
result in 导致，结果
run for 竞选
run out 用完，耗尽
see about sth,/ doing sth,办完，办理
set out to do sth. 开始做某事
smooth over 使（问题）缓解
snap at 厉声斥责
stand up to 经得起考验
step in 介入，干预
stick sth,out 坚持到底，忍受
subject sth./sb,to 使服从，使遭受
switch on 接通（电流），开（电器）
talk into 说服
talk over 商量，商讨
touch up 修改，改进
3．名词固定搭配
absence from 缺席
accent on 着重
admission to 许可，准许
application for 申请
application to 应用到
arouse sb.’ s curiosity about sth,激起某人的兴趣
approach to 接近，来临
attach importance to 重视
be in (out of) contact with 与----接触（失去联系）
be out of balance 不平衡
be friend(s) with 与-----保持友好
be in (out of) harmony with 与----一致（不一致）
bear responsibility for 对----负责
break a promise 违背诺言
bring / put into operation 实施，使生效
bring shame on oneself 给某人带来羞辱
bring sth,to sb’s notice 使某人注意-----
bring/call to mind 想起
bring to a halt 使停止
bring into action 采取行动
catch one’s breath 喘息
call down / lay a curse upon sb,诅咒某人
cast a shadow over 蒙上阴影
catch at shadows 捕风捉影
catch sb’s eye 引人注目
catch fire 着火，烧着
catch / get a glimpse of 对----瞥一眼
catch sight of 看见
come to sb’s knowledge 被某人知道
come to sb’s notice 引起某人的注意
come to a point 到紧要关头
come /go into effect 实施，生效
come into a fortune 继承一笔财产
come into fashion 开始流行
come to a halt 停止
combination with 与------结合
commander in chief 总司令
communication with 与-----交流，与----通信
commit a crime 犯罪
commit / make an error 犯错误
come into possession of sth,占有某物
come / go into operation 实行，生效
come to one’s senses 恢复理性，苏醒过来
come to / arrive at a decision 做出决定
come to / arrive at an agreement with 与-------达成一致
reach / make an agreement with 与-------达成一致
come to sb.’s assistance 帮助某人
complaint about/of 对------抱怨
competition with / against sb,与某人竞争
do a threat to 对----有威胁
do damage to 损害------
do/try one’s best 尽力，努力
do sb,harm,伤害某人
do one’s share for sth. 为----贡献自己的力量
draw a clear distinction between 区分，分清
draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论
drive sb,to despair 使某人绝望
entrance to -----的入口，进入
enjoy privileges 享有特权
express one’s satisfaction at / with 对-----表示满意
express sympathy for/ with sb,对某人表示慰问
express one’s gratitude to sb,for sth,为某事尔感谢某人
fall in love with 爱上
fall into temptation 受诱惑
farewell to 与-----永别，不会再
feel sympathy for sb. 同情某人
find fault (with) 找岔，抱怨
follow the fashion 赶时髦
follow / tread in sb.’s steps 踏着某人的足迹
gain / have an advantage over 优于，胜过
get command of 控制
get hold of 抓住
get into trouble 陷入困境
get / go / fly into a temper 发脾气
give / extend assistance to sb. 给某人帮助
give a description of 描述
give (accept) a challenge 挑（应）战
give / show evidence{s) of 有-----的迹象
give no evidence of 没有-----的迹
give one’s regards to sb,向某人致敬
give way to 让步，让路
go out of fashion 过时，不再流行
go shares 分享，分担
grant sb,the privilege of doing sth,赋予某人做某事的特权
have access to 有权使用，有权利用
have a talk with sb. 与某人交谈
have an influence on/upon 对---有影响
have a preference for 偏爱-----
have a preference of sth,to/over 喜爱某物胜过-----
have a prejudice against sb,对某人有偏见
have / run a temperature 发烧
have authority over 对----有权利
have a terror of sth. 惧怕某事
have a nodding acquaintance with 与某人有点头之交
have confidence in sb,信任某人
have / make contact with 和-----接触
have control over/of 控制----
have / hold a conversation with 与----谈话
have the determination to do sth 决心干某事.
have / find difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth,做某事有困难
have faith in 信任-----
have sth,in mind 记的，想到
have mercy on/upon 同情-----，怜悯-----
hunger for / after 渴望
have resort to sb,求助于某人
have no reference to 与------无关
have trouble with 与-----闹纠纷
hold the position of (as) 担任---的职务
keep an eye on 照看，留意
keep / control one’s temper 忍住不发脾气
keep one’s balance 保持平衡
keep ( break ) one’s appointment 守（违）约
keep company with 与-----结交，与-----亲热
keep sb,company 陪伴某人
keep competition between 在------之间进行竞争
keep(break) faith 忠于（背弃）信仰
keep one’s mind on 专注于
keep/bear in mind 记住
keep one’s head 保持镇定
keep pace with 与-----并驾齐驱
keep ( carry out) a promise 遵守(履行)诺言
keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联络
keep track of 记录，保持与---联系
keep one’s word 守信用
keep to the point 紧扣主题
lay a claim to 主张，要求，自以为是
lay / put / place emphasis on / upon 着重于，强调
lead the way 领路，带路
learn by heart 记住，背过
leave sth,out of consideration 不考虑某事
lose control of 失去对------的控制
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
lose one’s head 慌乱，惊慌失措
lose heart 失去信心
lose contact with 与-----失去联系
lose sight of 看不见
lose one’s temper 发脾气
lose faith in 失去对-----的信任
lose track of 失去----的线索
make an appeal to sb,(for sth,) 向某人呼吁某事
make an appointment with sb. 于某人约会
make an attempt to do sth. 企图做某事
make the acquaintance of sb,结识某人
(make) comments on/upon sth,评论
make a comparison between 把----进行比较
make a complaint against 控告
make / offer an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
make the best of 充分利用
make a decision 决定
make a difference between 区别对待
make a difference to 使-----产生变化
make an exception of 把-----作为例外
make no exception(s) 不容许有例外
make one’s farewell (s) 告别，道别
make fashion 做做样子
make a fortune 发财
make friends 交朋友
make inquiries of sb,about sth,向----某人询问某事
make preparations against 为防止-----做准备
make preparations for 为-----做准备
make mention of 提及，谈到
make up one’s mind 下决心
make a point 立论，证明论点
make a promise 许诺
make a reduction 减少
make references to 提到
make a response to 对----做出答复
make satisfaction for 补偿
make /offer resistance to 抵御，抵抗
make sense 讲得通，言之有理
make talk 聊天，闲谈
make way 让路，腾出地方
make trouble 找麻烦，闹事
make use of 利用
obstacle to 是----的障碍
pay regard to 重视
pay attention to 注意
place an order for sth,with 向------订购某物
present a striking contrast between 使两者形成明显的对比
put / bring / carry into effect 实行，使起作用
play a joke on sb,开某人的玩笑
play a role in 在-----中扮演角色，起作用
play a trick on sb. 作弄某人
play a part (in) 扮演----的角色
put in / into practice 实施，实行
put sb,to shame 羞辱某人
put / place / lay stress on/upon 把重点放在----
put to use 使用
reaction to 对-----的反应
recovery from 从-----中恢复
resist temptation 抵制诱惑
run / take a risk 冒险
set up (remove) a barrier between 在------中设置（拆除）障碍
set up a claim to sth,对-----提出要求
set / give a good example to sb,给某人树立榜样
set the fashion 创立新式样
set fire to 点燃
set a trap 设陷阱
substitute for sth. 代替物
take into account 考虑
take (no) account of （不）考虑
take advantage of 利用，趁-----之机
take care 注意，当心
take care of 照料，照顾
take a chance 冒险，投机
take charge of 接管，管理
take (seek) comfort in 在------中得到（寻求）安慰
take command of 指挥
take into consideration 考虑
take ( a) delight in 以------为乐
take one’s departure 动身，出发
take effect 生效，起作用
take one’s farewell of sb,向某人道别
take / give a glance at 对-----初略地看一下
throw / cast light on/upon 使人了解某事
take notice of 注意到
take /make an objection to 反对-----
take pains 努力，尽力
take part in 参加
take place 发生，进行
take the place of 取代，代替
take possession of 占有，占领
take pride in 以-----自豪
take the resolution to do sth. 决心做某事
take the responsibility for ( of) 负起做某事的责任
take / bear one’s share of 承担自己的一份
take the firm stand 坚定立场
take a stand for (against) sth,赞成（反对）某事
take one’s temperature 量体温
take one’s time 不着急
take turns 依次，轮流
thanks to 由于
throw a scare into sb. 吓坏某人
throw / cast / put into the shade 使逊色，使相形见绌
try one’s fortune 碰运气
yield / give way to temptation 经不起诱惑
4．形容词固定搭配
be absent from 缺席，不在
be accustomed to 习惯于
be applicable to 适应于，应用于
be ashamed of 对-----感到羞愧
be aware of 意识到，知道
be beneficial to 对----有利
be blind to 对-----视而不见
be bound for/to 准备到-----去的，一定
be capable of 有-----能力的，可----的
be characteristic of 特有的，表示----特性的
be common to 共同的，共有的
be compatible with 适合的，一致的
be confident of 确信，相信
be conscious of 意识到
be consistent with 与----一致，与----相符
be content with 对----感到满意
be contrary to 与----相反
be convenient to / for 对-----方便
be crazy about/on 对-----着迷，热衷于
be crazy for 渴望
be critical of 对----表示谴责，对-----感到不满
be dependent on / upon 依赖，依靠
be distinct form 与-----不同，有区别
be diverse from 和----不一样
be doubtful about/of 怀疑
be due to 由于，应归于，（按计划）将做----
be eager for/about/after 渴求------
be economical of 节俭，节约
be equivalent to 等于，相当于
be essential to/for 必不可少的，基本的
be familiar to 为------所熟悉
be familiar with 熟悉
be fit for / 胜任----，适合------
be fond of 喜欢
be foreign to 陌生的，与------无关的
be good at 擅长于
be generous with / in (doing) 慷慨，大方
be grateful to sb,for 对-----表示感谢
be guilty of 对------感到内疚，犯----的罪
be helpful to 对----有帮助
be identical to/with 与-----相同
be ignorant of 不知道，无知
be independent of 不依靠
be indispensable for / to 必需的
be inferior to 劣于，（地位等）低于----
be innocent of 清白的，无辜的
be jealous of 妒嫉-----，注意提防的
be keen on 喜爱，着迷于------
be liable to 易于------的，应受（处罚）的
be liable for 有责任
be loyal to 对----忠诚的
be married to 和某人结婚
be new to 陌生的，不熟悉
be opposite to 对立的，相反的
be preferable to 更好的，更可取得
be prior to 在----之前
be proportional to 与-----成比例
be proud of 对----感到骄傲
be qualified for 胜任，具有---的资格
be qualified in 胜任，适合
be ready for 为----做好准备
be relative to 和----有关系的
be relevant to 与----有关
be representative of 代表
be resistant to 对----有抵抗力的
be responsible to sb,for sth 对------负责
be ripe for 准备好的，时机成熟的
be secure from / against 安全的
be sensitive to 对----敏感的
be shy of 对----迟疑，畏缩
be similar to 和----相似
be skillful at / in 善于，精于
be strict with 对-----严格要求
be subject to 易受----的，受-----的支配
be sufficient for 充足的，满足------
be suitable for / to 适合-----的
be superior to 优于，比-----好
be suspicious of 怀疑，猜疑
be thirsty for 渴望------
be tired of 厌烦，厌倦
be typical of 典型的，具有代表性的
be uncertain of/about/as to 对-----不确定
be worthy of 值得------
4．介词固定搭配
above all 有其实，最重要的是
after all 毕竟，终究
ahead of 在-----之前
ahead of time 提前
all at once 突然，同时，一起
all but 除了-----都，几乎
all of a sudden 突然
all over 到处，遍及
all over again 重新，再一次
all right 行，好，安然无恙
all the same 依然，照样
all the time 一直，始终
and so on / forth 等等，诸如此类
anything but 除-----以外的任何事
apart from 除-----以外（别无）
as a matter of fact 事实上
as a result 结果，因此
as a result of 由于，作为----的结果
as a rule 照例，通常
as for / to 关于，至于
as regards 关于，有关
as usual 像往常一样，照例
as well 叶，又，同样
aside from 除-----以外（尚无）
at a loss 困惑，不追所措，亏本地
at a time 一次，每次
at all costs 不惜一切代价，无论如何
at all times 无论何时，一直
at any rate 无论如何，至少
at best 充其量，最多
at first 起先，最初
at first sight 乍一看，第一次看到
at hand 在手边，在附近，即将到来
at heart 在内心里，本质上
at home 在家，在国内，自在
at intervals 不时，在（时间，距离上）以-----的间隔
at large 详尽的，普遍的
at last 最后，终于
at least 至少，无论如何
at length 最后，终于，详细地
at most 最多，不超过
at no time 决不，从不
at once 立刻，马上
at one time 曾经，一度，同时
at present 目前，现在
at sb’s disposal 由某人支配，供某人使用
at the cost of 以----为代价
at the same time 同时，然而，不过
at this rate 照此速度
at times 有时，间或
back and forth 来回，反复
because of 由于，因为
before long 不久（以后）
beside the point 离题，不相干
beyond question 毫无疑问
by accident 偶然
by air 通过航空途径
by all means 务必，尽一切办法
by chance 意外地，碰巧
by far ------的多，最-----
by hand 用手，手工的
by itself 独自的，单独的
by means of 依靠，借助于
by mistake 错误地，无意中做了错事
by no means 决不，并没有
by oneself 独自的，单独的
by reason of 由于，因为
by the way 顺便地
by way of 经过，以-----样的方式
for good 永久地
for the better 好转，向好的方向发展
for the sake of 为了，为了-----的利益
for the time being 暂时，眼下
from time to time 有时，不时
in a hurry 匆忙，急于
in a moment 立刻，马上
in a sense 从某种意义上说
in a / one way 在某种程度上
in a / one word 总之，简而言之
in accordance with 依据，与----一致
in addition 此外
in addition to 除----以外
in advance 预先，提前
in any case 在任何情况下，无论如何
in brief 以简洁的方式，简言之
in case of 如果发生，以防
in charge of 负责，主管
in common 共有的，共同的
in consequence 结果，因此
in consequence of 由于-----的缘故
in debt 欠债
in detail 详细地
in difficulty 陷入困境
in effect 实际上，事实上
in fact 实际上，其实
in favor of 赞同，支持，有利于
in front of 在-----前面
in future = from now on 今后，从今以后
in general 总的来说，大体上
in half 分成两半
in hand (工作）在进行中，待办理
in honor of 为纪念，为庆祝
in itself 本质上，就本身而言
in line 成一排，成一直线，有持续
in line with 符合，与----一致
in memory of 为了纪念----
in no case 决不，无论如何不
in no time 立刻，马上
in no way 状态良好，正气，有秩序
in order to 为了，以----为目的
in other words 换言之
in part 在某种程度上，部分地
in particular 特别，尤其
in person 亲自，本人
in place 在合适的位置，适当地
in place of 代替，取代
in practice 在实践中，实际上
in proportion to 与----成比例
in public 公开地，当众
in quantity = in large quantities 大量
in question 正在被谈论，被争论
in / with relation to 涉及，关于
in return 作为回报或报答
in return for 作为-----的交换
in short 总之，简言之
in / within sight of 看得见，在视野范围内
in spite of 不管，不顾
in step 合拍，步调一致
in step with 与-----合步调，与-----一致
in tears 流着泪，哭泣
in the course of 在-----过程中，在-----期间
in the end 最后，终于
in the event of 万一，如果发生
in (the) face of 面对，在-----前面
in the first place 首先，本来
in the future 将来
in (the)least 丝毫，一点儿
in the light of 鉴于，根据，由于
in the way 挡道，妨碍人的
in time 及时，最后
in / within touch 联系，在----附近
in touch with 与------有联系
in turn 依次，轮流，反过来
in vain 徒劳地
instead of 代替，而不是
more or less 或多或少
no doubt 无疑
no longer 不再
no more 不再，不再存在
now and then 不时，偶尔
off and on / on and off 有时，断断续续地
on a large scale 大规模地
on a small scale 小规模地
on account of 由于，因为
on (an / the) average 平均，通常
on behalf of 代表
on board 在（船、飞机）上
on business 因公，因事
on condition that 在----条件下，如果
on duty 值班
on earth 究竟，到底
on fire 着火，起火
on foot 徒步，步行
on guard 值班，站岗
on hand 在手头，现有，在场
on occasion(s) 有时，间或
on one’s guard 警惕，提防
on one’s own 独自地，独立地
on purpose 有意，故意地
on sale 出售，廉价出售
on schedule 按时间表，准时
on second thoughts 继而一想，进一步考虑后
on the contrary 相反
on the ground (s) of 根据，以-----为理由
on (the) one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
on the point of 即将-----之时，正要-----的时候
on the road 在途中
on the spot 在现场，当场
on the whole 总的来看，大体上
on time 准时，按时
once again 再一次
once (and) for all 一劳永逸，永远地
once in a while 偶尔，间或
once more / again 再一次
out of breath 上气不接下气
out of control 失去控制
out of date 过时的，废弃的
out of doors 户外的
out of order 不正齐，出故障的
out of place 不在合适的位置，不恰当的
out of practice 久不练习，荒疏
out of sight 看不见，在视野之外
out of the question 不可能，办不到的
out of touch (with) 与-----无联系
over and over ( again) 反复，再三
so as to 为的是，以致于
so---as to 如此-----以致于
so far 迄今为止
so/as far as--- be concerned 就------而言
sooner or later 迟早
to the point 切题，切中要害
under control 被控制住
under / in the circumstances 在这种情况下
under way 在进行中
up to date 时新的，现代化的
with / in regard to 关于，至于
with respect to 关于，至于
with the exception of 除------以外
without question 毫无疑问
word for word 逐字地，一字不变地
第四部分英语构词知识集锦
1．常用前缀系统归类序号
前缀
位置
意义
例词
1
a-
an-
not，without否定
apo1itical不关心政治的；
anonymous匿名的，无名的，不知名的
2
ab-
away，from脱离
abnormal非常的；absorption吸收
3
a-
ab-
abs-
在“t”“v”之前
avoid避免
abstain弃权，戒；abstract摘要
4
ambi-
amphi-
both两
around周围
ambiguous有两个意义的，暧昧的；amphitheater圆形剧场；
ambidextrous左右手都善用的：amphibian两栖的
5
ant-
anti-
against，opposite
“反抗”“反”“抗”
antarctic南极(的)；and．friction减少摩擦的；
anti-Japanese war抗日战争；antimissile反导弹的；
antisocial反社会的；antimagnetic防磁的；
antiseptic防腐剂；antifreezing liquid抗冻剂
6
ante-
before在……之前
ante-room前厅；ante-Christian基督降生前；
antecedent先行的，先时的
7
anto-
self自动
automate使自动化；autonomy自治。自治权；
autoignite自燃；autostable自动稳定；automobile汽车；
automatic自动的；auto-biography自传；autoignitian自动点火
8
arch-
首领
archbishop大主教；architect建筑师；
archbishopric大主教的职位(或管区)；architecture建筑学
9
be-
to make intensive
使……加强
belittle使缩小，贬低；befriend友好相待，帮助
10
bene-
善好
benefit利益；benevolenee慷慨；
bneficent慈善的；benefactor恩人
11
bi-
two二，双
bimetalic双金属的；bimotor双发动机；
biweekly双周(刊)；biyearly两年一次的
12
centi-
百，百分之一
centimetre厘米(百分之一米)；omtilitre厘升(百分之一升)；
centipede蜈蚣(百脚虫)
13
cis-
在这一边
cisatlantic大西洋西岸(欧洲)；cispontime泰晤士桥北
14
co-
与……一起
coexist共存；cooperate合作；
co-auther合著者；cooperation协作
15
col-
com-
con-
cor-
with共同
collect收集；collaborate协作；
commemorate纪念；conference会议；
correlate相关；compile编辑；
corruption腐败；correlation相互关系；comment评论
16
counter-
contra-
against．Opposite
反，对应
counteraction反作用；contrast对比，对照；
counteract抵抗；counterattack反攻；
counterpart对手，副本；
contra．missile反导弹 导弹；counterclcckwise逆时针的
17
de-
away，down，negative离开，分，否定，使低下
decompose分解；decompression减压；degrade使降级；
demobilize复员；degenerate堕落的；
decay衰败；debase贬低；decolour漂白
18
deci-
deca-
十
decimal十进位的；decagramme十克；
decade十年，十个合成一组
19
demi-
半
demigod半神半人
20
di-
two二．双
dioxide二氧化物；diode二级管；diphthong双元音
21
dia-
通过，借以，分离
diagraph绘图仪；diagnosis诊断
22
dis-
加在名、形、动词前
不
disadvantage不利，不利条件；disagree,不同意
23
dis-
加在动词前
不再……
disappear消失：disarm解除武装：disconnect分离
24
di-
dif-
dis-
away，negative
否定，分开，不
distrust不信任．怀疑；
disassemble拆开：divest脱衣，剥夺；
differentiate区分
25
dys-
坏
dyspepsia消化不良；dysentery痢疾
26
ec-
异常的
eclipse(天体)食；ecstasy狂想；
eccentric(人、行为)古怪的；行为古怪的人
27
en-
em-
in，into，to make
使……，使人
enlarge扩大；enable使……能；embed埋置，嵌进；
empower使……能；encage关人笼中；embrace拥抱；
endear受喜爱；embody收录，体现；encamp使宿营
28
eu-
good，well优，善
eugenics优生学；eulogize赞美；eulogy赞美；
euphony悦耳；eupeptic消化良好的
29
ex-
前任的
ex-president前总统；ex-premier前总理
30
e-
ex-
out，away外
external外部的；emit发射；发表(意见)；发行
31
extra-
outside，outward
在……外，向外
extranuclear核外的；extrasolar太阳系以外的；
extraordinary非常的；extra．territorial治外法权；
extra．European欧洲以外的
32
fore-
before前．预先
foremost最前的；forecast预测；
forefather前人，祖先；forehead前额；foretell预言；
foreground前景；foresee预见
33
hemi-
半
hemicycle半圆形建筑
34
hepta-
七
heptad七人集团；heptagon七角形
35
hetero-
other不同的
heteropolar异极的；heteroatom异质原子
36
homo-
same同等
homogeneous均匀的；homopolar同极的；
homosexual同性恋的；homograph同形异义字；
homogeneous同类的，同族的；homocentric同中心的
37
hydr-
water水
hydrogen氢；hydroelectric水电的
38
hyper-
over，above在上，超
hyperfrequency超高频；
hypersonic超声的；hyperphysical超物质的
39
hypo-
hyp-
under下、低、次、少
hypotension低血压；hyposensitize减弱……的敏感度；
hypogastric下腹的；hypodermic皮下的；
40
il-
加在以“l” 开头的词前
不
illegal不合法的；
illiterate文盲；illegitimate非法的
41
im-
in-
ir-
加在字母m，b，p之前
not，in，into否定，加强或引申意义
impracticable行不通的；import入口；impossible不可能的；
invisible不可见的；intake纳入；irrational不合理的；
irruption侵入，闯入；inaccurate不准确的；
incorrect不正确的；infarnous声名狼籍的；
inaccurate不准确的；imbalance不平衡；impolite不客气的；immovable不可移动的；
irresistable不可抗拒的；irresponsible不负责任的
42
infra-
below在……之下
infra-red红外线；infrahuman低于人类的，类人猿； infra-structure基础建设
43
inter-
between；among；one with or on another 在……中，在……间；互相
interpersonal 人与人之间的，人际关系的；
internal 内部[政]的，国内的；interchange交换；
interlock 连锁；international国际的；
interconnect使互相联系
44
intra-
Inside在内；内部
intracardiac心脏内部的；intramolecular分子内部的；
intracellulor细胞内部的；intrapersonal个人内心的
45
intro-
到……之中
introduce介绍；introspect反省
46
kilo-
千
Kilowatt千瓦；kilometer千米；kilogram(me)公斤，千克
47
macro-
large大的
macrobian长寿的(人)；．rnacroworld宏观世界；
macroclimate大气候
48
mai-
bad，badly恶，不良
maltreat虐待；malfunction机能失常；
malcontent不满的；malnutrition营养不良；
maladminister对……管理不善
49
meta-
和，在……之后，
变化，变位
Metaphor隐喻；metaphrase逐字硬译；
metaphysics形而上学
50
rnicro-
small微
micrometer测微计，微测计；microwave微波；
microscope显微镜；microbus微型公共汽车；
microfilm缩微胶卷；micro-switch微型开关
51
mid-
rniddle中，中间
midair半空中；midstream中流
52
mini-
small，little小
miniskirt超短裙；minibus小公共汽车；
miniature小画像，小型的
53
nis-
bad，badly错，坏
mistake错误
54
mono-
one单一
monomotor单发动机；monowheel单轮
55
multi-
many多
Multi-coloured颜色多样的，五彩的；
Multi-national多民族的；multiform多种形式的；
multilateral多边的；multipole多极
56
milli-
千，千分之一
millennial千年的；milligram毫克
57
neo-
new新
neorealism新现实主义；neolithic新石器时代的；
neotropical新热带区的；neo-colonialism新殖民主义；
neoclassic(a1)新古典主义；neoimpressionism新印象主义
58
non-
not否定
nonmetal非金属；non-ferrous非铁的；
nonviolent非暴力的；nonprofessional无职业的
59
nona- ennea-
九
nonagon九角形；ennead九个一组
60
octa-
oct-
octo-
八
octagon八角形；October十月；：
octad八个一组，八价元素；octopus章鱼
61
omni-
所有的，公共的，总
omnibus公共汽车；omnipotent万能的；
omniscient无所不知的
62
ortho-
正确，直
orthogonal直角的；orthodox正统；
orthograph正投影图；orthoepy正音
63
out-
out超过，过度，外，出，除去
outlive比……长寿；outdo胜过；
outsized过大的；outwear穿坏
64
over-
above，too much
上，过度
overwork工作过度；oversleep睡过；
overbridge天桥；overload超载
65
pan-
全，泛
Pan-American泛美的；panacea万灵药，万金油；
panorama万花筒；panchromatic全色的
66
panto-
全，所有
pantopragmatic样样都要插手的：
pantoscopic视野开阔
67
para-
防，用降落伞
parachute降落伞；parasol阳伞；paratroop伞兵
68
pen-
几乎，相近
peninsular半岛；peneplain近似平原
69
penta-
五
pentagon五角大楼；pentagram五角星形：
pentameter五步诗句
70
per-
通过，彻底，完全
perambulate走来走去；perfect完美；perforate穿孔于
71
phil- philo-
挚爱
philanthropist慈善家：philospher哲学家；
philanthropy慈善，善心；philomath爱学问的人
72
poly-
many多，复，聚
polygon多边形；polyatomic多原子的；
polyphase多相的；polyunclear多核的
73
post-
after之后
postwar战后；postgraduate研究生；
post-liberation解放后
74
Pre-
before之前
prehistory史前：prerequisite先决条件；
prelude序言前奏曲；pre-election大选前；Prefix前缀
75
pro-
预先的
programme节目单；prologue序言，序幕；prophet预言家
76
proto-
原始，初
protohydrogen初氢；prototype原型；
protoplasm原生质；protoplast原物，原型
77
pseudo-
false假
pseudoscience伪科学；pseudonym笔名，假名；
pseudomorph假象；pseudo-communism假共产主义；
pseudo-democratic假民主的
78
quadri-
quadru-
四
quadruple四倍的；quadrangle四边形；
quadricentennial四百周年纪念
79
quinque- quinqui- quinqua-
五
quinta-fever五日回归热；
quintessence精华(古代所谓组成天体的“第五元素”)
80
re-
back，again回，再
reheat再加热；regrind重磨；refuel重新加油；
relive再生，复活；reconsider重新考虑
81
retro-
back往后的
retrograde倒退的；retrospect回顾
82
se-
分离
separation分离；secure安全；segregation隔离，分开
83
semi-
half半
semiautomatic半自动的；semimechanized半机械化的
84
sept-
七
September九月(古罗马的七月)；septennial七年一度的
85
sex-
sexi-
六
sexangle六角；sexennial六年一度的；
sexcentenary六周年纪念
86
sub-
suc-
suf-
sug-
sup-
sur-
under次，亚，低于，不足
substandard低于标准规格的；succeed继承；suffix后缀；
suggest提出建议；supplement增补；
surreptitious鬼鬼祟祟的，秘密的；subeditor副主编；subconscious下意识的；submarine潜水艇；
subcontinent次大陆
87
super- supra-
sur-
over，above超，在上
superheat过热；surface表面；
surpass超越；supramolecular超分子的
88
sym- syn-
syl-
sys-
with，together共同
symmetric对称的；syllable音节；system系统；
synchronous同步的；synonym同义词：
synchro-cyclotron同步，回旋，加速器；synthetic合成的
89
tele-
远，终端
teleprinter电传打字机；
telescope望远镜；teleswitch摇控开关
90
thermo-
heat热
Thermometer温度计；thermodyamics热力学
91
trans- tra-
across
转换，横过，越过
transmit传送；tradition惯例；
transoceanic横渡大洋的；transnormal超出常规的：transplant移植；transparent透明的
92
tri-
three三
triangle三角形；tripod三角架；triennial每三年一次的；
triple三倍的；tricar三轮车；triode三极管
93
ultra-
beyond超过
ultra-short极短的；ultraviolet紫外线的
94
un-
加在形、副、名词前
not否定
unpredictable无法预言的；unknown未知的
95
under-
beneath低于，次于，下内(衣服)
underdone半生不熟的；underpay付帐不足；
undersea在海底；underline在……下划线；
underwear内衣：underpants内裤；
underestimate估计过低；underground地下的：
undergrown发育不全的；underweight不足重量的
96
uni-
one单一
uniform均匀的；unipolar单极的；unicellular单细胞的,
uniaxial单轴的；unilateralism单边主义
2．常用后缀系统归类序号
后缀
位置
意义
例词
1
-able
-ible
加在动词后
(adj.)capable of，suitable for能(为)……的，适于…的
noticeable值得注意的；portable可携带的；
avoidable可避免的；possible可能的
2
-age
加在动词后
(n．)state；quality，act表状态，性质，行为
passage通道；breakage破损；shortage缺乏；
courage勇气；shrinkage收缩；percentage百分比
3
-al
加在名词后
(adj．)related to；like具有……性质的，如……的
functional起作用的；natural自然的；editorial编辑的；
educational教育上的；additional另外的；national民族的
4
-al
加在动词后
(n．)act；one who；that which表动作，人，事物
proposal提案；professional专业人员；signal信号；
approval同意；refusal拒绝；arrival到达；rehearsal彩排
5
-an
-ian
-ean
加在地名上
(adj．)like，related关于……的，有……性质的
suburban郊区的；Canadian加拿大的；European欧洲的；African非洲的
6
-an
加在形容词后
(n.)one who人
Asian 亚洲人；electrician 电工；physician医生
7
-ance
-ence
加在形容词后
(n．)state，quality，act表状态，性质，行为
importance重要性；confidence自信心；
independence独立；appearance外貌；existence存在
8
-ancy
-ency
加在形容词后
(n．)state,quality，act表状态．性质，行为
consistency贯性；frequency频率；urgency紧迫性
9
-ant
-ent
加在动词后
(n．)one who。that which表人，物，行为
applicant申请人；correspondent通信者；resistant抵抗者；servant仆人；regent(美州立大学)评议员；defendant被告
10
-ar
加在名词后
(adj．)多用于技术词汇
annular环状的；linear线形的；nuclear核子的；cellular细胞的；familiar熟悉的；columnar圆柱状的
11
-ard
加在形容词后
(n.)person having the specified quality指人，带轻蔑意味
drunkard酒鬼；coward懦夫
12
-arian
加在名词后
(n．)variously denoting age，section，social belief or occupation表各种年龄，派别，社会信仰，职业的人(adj．)having the quality of有……性质的(带此后缀的名词往往兼作形容词)
humanitarian人道主义者：
octogenarian八十至八十九岁的人；
humanitarian人道主义的；
octogenarian八十至九十岁的
13
-ate
-ute
加在动词后
(adj．)having the quality of有……(性质)的
fortunate幸运的；considerate考虑周到的；
passionate热情的；contribute贡献
14
-crat
加在名词后
(n.)a person connected with支持、参与者
democrat民主人士；bureaucrat官僚
15
-cy
加在形容词后
(n.)state状态，性质
accuracy准确性；policy政策；bureaucracy官僚主义；infancy婴儿期；bankruptcy破产；diplomacy外交
16
-dom
加在形容词后
(n.)state，quality，act表性质，状态，行为
freedom自由；wisdom智慧；
chiefdom首领地位；kingdom王国
17
-ed
加在名词后
(adj.)adjective form of nouns and verbs(加在动词或名词后构成)有……的
winged有翼的；pleased愉快的；armed武装的；
aged上了年纪的；cultured有教养的：
talented有才能的；spectacled戴眼镜的
18
-ee
加在动词后
(n)one who(passive) 表示动作的承受者
addressee收件人；employee雇员；examinee应试人；refugee难民；abandonee受领被遗弃财物者
19
-eer
加在名词后
(年．)one who从事……的人
pioneer开拓者；volunteer志愿者；auctioneer拍卖商；engineer工程师；profiteer投机商；
rocketeer火箭专家；electioneer竞选的人
20
-en
加在形容词前或后
(v.)make使变成……
harden使硬；lengthen使变长；weaken使变弱；
broaden加宽；thicken 加厚；fasten绑紧; enlarge扩大
21
-en
加在名词后
(adj．)having the quality of有……性质的，似……的
woolen毛的；golden金色的；
rotten腐败的；wooden木制的
22
-er (-or)
加在动词后加在地名后
(n．)one who，that which表人，物，该地区的人
manufacturer制造人；best-seller畅销货；
survivor幸存音；adapter改编者
23
-er
加在动词后
反复动词，拟声动词
Londoner伦敦人：New Yorker纽约人：
snicker吃吃地笑；whisper窃窃私语
24
-ern
加在名词后
表示方向
eastern东方的；southern南方的；
western西方的；northern北方的
25
-ery
加在名词、动词、形容词后
(n．)state，quality，act，place of activity表状态，性质，行为，活动地点
slavery奴隶制；bravery-勇敢；refinery提炼厂
26
-ese
加在地名上
(adj．&n.)like，related to某国(地)的；某国(地)的人及语言
Chinese中国人．汉语；Portuguese葡萄牙人，葡萄牙语；Japanese日本人；Vietnamese越南
27
-ess
加在动词后
(n．)feminine表女性，雌性
hostess女主人；manageress女经理；actress女演员
28
-ette
加在名词后
(n．)表示假的，人造的代用品
cigarette香烟；flannelette棉法兰绒；
leatherette人造革；kitchenette小厨房
29
-fold
加在数词后
(n．)表示倍数
twofold二倍的；manifold许多倍的；thousand fold千倍的
30
-ful
加在名词后
(adj．)having the quality of充满……的，具有……性质的
fruitful有成果的；doubtful有怀疑的；
cheerful高兴的；peaceful和平的；wonderful好极了的
31
-ful
加在容器后
(adj．)表示某容器的容量
handful少量；spoonful一茶匙的量；glassful一玻璃杯的量
32
-gram
加在名词后
(n．)构成图“画”“字”等含义
diagram图表；program大纲，节目单；telegram电报
33
-graph
加在动词后
(n.)用于写或记录的仪器
calculagraph计时器；micrograph微写器；
seismograph地震仪；chorograph位置测定器
34
-hood
加在名词后
(n．)state，quality表身份，状况，性质
neighborhood邻里；livelihood生计；manhood男子气概；fatherhood父亲的身份；falsehood谬误
35
-la
加在形容词后
(n．)disease，state，quality疾病，集合，抽象名词
pneumonia肺炎；media媒介；militia民兵
36
-ian -an
加在地名后
(n．)指大陆，国家，人
Mile．an非洲人；American美国人；Australian澳大利亚人
37
-ic
(-ical)
加在名词后
(adj．)like，related to类似的，具有……的
heroic英雄般的；metallic金属的；
logical合逻辑的；microscopic显微镜的
38
-ician
加在形容词后
(n．)指熟悉……的人
electrician电学专家；
logician逻辑学家；mathematician数学家
39
-ics
加在名词后
(n．)表示一门学科
acoustics声学；aerobatics技巧飞行术；
economics经济学；electrostatics静电学
40
-id
加在动词后
(adj.)state性质
acid酸的；arid干燥的；
florid绚烂的；horrid可怕的；acrid刻薄的
41
-ify
加在名词、形容词后
(v．)cause to become使 成……，使……化
magnify放大；simplify简化；purify提纯；
certify证明；glorify颂扬；electrify使电气化
42
-ing
加在动词后
(n．)indicating material表示材料
piping管道系统；wiring配线
43
-ing
加在名词后
(adj,)构成现在分词作定浯
agonizing令人痛苦的；appetizing开胃的；
fascinating迷人的；exciting使人兴奋的
44
-ion
-tion
-sion
加在动词后
(n．)state，quality，act表情况，状态，性质，行为
fashion时髦；decision决定；addition增加；dominion统治权；description描写
45
-ish①
加在国家名称之后
(n．)表该国的或该国人
Swedish瑞典的，瑞典人；Irish爱尔兰的，爱尔兰人
46
-ish②
加在普通名词之后
(adj.)表具有……性质或含有轻蔑的意思
childish孩子气的；㈨ish傻里傻气的；．selfish自私自利的
47
-ish③
加在表颜色的形容词后
(adj.)表略带颜色的
greenish浅绿色的；yellowish淡黄色的
48
-ish④
(v．)从法文借来的
abolish废除．blandish讨好；
cherish爱护；perish毁灭
49
-ism
加在名词或动词之后
(n．)state，4Jali够，act；doe．trine，system表行为，状态，制度，社会信仰，学说
criticism批评；formalism形式主义；
impressionism印象主义；capitalism资本主义
50
-ist
加在名词后
(n．)member of a party，occupation，etc．从事……工作的人
socialist社会主义者；dramatist剧作家；
dentist牙科医生；botanist植物学家
51
-ite
加在动词后
(adj.)related to，having the quality of具有…… 性质的
definite一定的；opposite相对的；favorite特别喜欢的
52
-itis
加在名词后
表示炎症
bronchitis支气管炎；arthritis关节炎；appendicitis阑尾炎
53
-ity
加在形容词后
(n．)state．quality，act表行为，性质，状态
unity团结一致；maturity成熟性；
conductivity传导性；visibility能见度
54
-ive
加在名词后
(adj．)tending to，having the quality of表倾向，关系，特性
relative有关系的；active积极主动的；
productive生产的
55
-ize
-ise
-yze
-yse
加在形容词后
(v．)cause to be of have以……方式对待；……化
realize实现；mechanize机械化；
analyse，analyze分析；
Americanize美国化；popularize推广
56
-1ess
加在名词后
(adj.)without没有……的
fearless无畏的；boundless无边的；
useless无用的；homeless无家可归的；
groundless站不住脚的；fruitless没有成效的
57
-let
加在名词后
(n．)small，unimportant小
booklet小册子；leaflet嫩叶，传单；
cutlet肉片；kinglet小国王；streamlet小溪
58
-like
加在名词后
(adj.)having the quality of有……性质的，象……的
warlike好战的；dreamlike梦一般的；humanlike象人类的
59
-ling
加在形、名词后
(adj.)小(带轻蔑的意思)
lordling傀儡王；weakling窝囊废；
duckling小鸭子；foundling弃儿
60
-logy
加在名词后
(n．)discourse．study论，研究
biology生物学；ideology思想(体系)；
technology技术；archaeology．考古学；
etymology词源学；geology地质学
61
-ly①
加在名词后
(adj.)having the quality of如……的．有……特性的
manly男子气的；lovely可爱的；costly昂贵的
62
-ly②
加在形容词后
(adv．)in the manner of……地(状态．程度，性质，方式)
hurriedly匆忙地；purposely有目的地；
seemingly表面地；immediately立即；partly部分地
63
-ment
加在动词后
(n.)stale，quality，act表行为．状态，性质
enjoyment欣赏；management管理：instrument工具：
punishment惩罚：8ITIU,'~e1)lent蜈乐
64
-meter
仪器
speedometer测违仪
65
-ness
加在形容词后
(n.)state,quality表状态、性质
consciousness觉悟；darkness黑暗：busyness忙碌：
kindness仁慈；progressiveness进步 ┃
66
-nomy
加在形容词后
(n．)表示一门学科
astronomy天文学；economy经济；
taxonomy分类学；autonomy自冶权
67
-or
加在动词后
(n．)指人或物
accelerator加速器；actor演员；
collector收藏家；accumulator存储器；accommodator替工
68
-ous
-eous
-ious
-iois
加在名词后
(adj．)having the quality
of富有……的
advantageous有利的；famous著名的；various各种各样的；
continuous持续的；courageous英勇的
69
-proof
加在名词后
(adj．)防……的，耐……的
waterproof防水的；boomproof防弹的；soundproof隔音的；
burglar-proof防盗的
70
-ship
加在名词后
(n．)state，quality表状况，状态，性质
partnership伙伴关系；sportmanship运动员道德；
leadership领导；citizenship公民身份；
championship冠军头衔
71
-some
加在形容词、名词、动词后
(adj．)having the quality of象……的，引起……的，易于……的，有……倾向的
troublesome讨厌的；lonesome寂寞的；
loathsome讨厌的；fulsome讨厌的
72
-ster
加在形容词后
(n．)a person making or doing something，a member of做……的人，与……有关系的人
youngster年轻人；gangster歹徒；trickster骗子
73
-th
加在形容词、动词、数词后
(n．)第……，性质
birth出生；depth深度；growth生长；breadth宽度；truth真理；sixth第六
74
-try
-ery
加在名词、形容词、动词之后
(n．)表示集体、地点
fishery渔业；carpentry木匠业；
bravery勇敢；bakery面包坊
75
-ty
加在形容词后
(n．)表示特性或情况
bounty慷慨；loyalty忠实；certainty肯定；plenty丰富
76
-ure
加在动词后
表示行为及其结果
departure离开；exposure曝光；expenditure支出；
picture画像，相片；disclosure透露；fixture混合物，混合
77
-ward
-wards
-ways
加在名词、介词后
(adv．)toward表方向
upward(s)向上；outward(s)向外；
seaward(s)向大海；endways末端而上的；
backwards往后退地；lengthways纵长的
78
-wise
加在名词后
(adv．&dgj．)in the manner of：as far as．．．concerned表方向，位置
clock-wise顺时针；crosswise成十字形；
stepwise逐步的，分段的；lengthwise纵长的
79
-y①
加在形容词后
(n．)state，quality，act表状态，性质，行为
entry进A；difficulty困难；victory胜利
80
-y②
加在称呼、形容词后
(n．)小，呢称
doggy小狗儿daddy爸爸；
deary宝贝儿,；fatty胖子
81
-y③
加在名词后
(adj．)full of，covered with，having the quality of充满，包含
hairy多毛发的；irony铁似的
第五部分 考研英语阅读背景词汇集锦
Unit l 科普类
access time存取时间 anti-virus programs杀毒软件
assembler汇编程序 bar code条形码
beeper传呼机 buffer storage缓冲存储器
call instruction呼叫指令 cellular手机
comsat通讯卫星 cordless telephone无绳电话
cursor光标 cyber crimes网上犯罪
cyberspace电脑空间，网络世界 desktop台式计算机
digital television数字电视 electronic control电子控制
electronic hearing aid电子助听器 encryption加密
fast-forward(放录像带等时的快进) fiber optic technology光纤技术
firewall防火墙 flat panel display平板显示技术
floppy disk软盘 genetic engineering基因工程
hacker黑客 identifier标识符
intelligent system智能系统 intranet内联网
IT-industry信息产业 jumbotran(电视机的)超大屏幕
know-how(技术)诀窍 laser激光
long-distance educational system远程教育系统 microprocessor微处理机
minicomputer小型计算机 modem调制解调器
multimedia多媒体 multimedia learning system多媒体学习系统
netsurfed网虫 on-1ine service网上服务
palmtop(：PDA)掌上电脑
password．PIN(：personal identification number)密码 portable便携式计算机
snooper窥探者 software package软件包
solar collector太阳能收集器 terminal终端设备
video camera摄像机 videodisc影碟
workstation计算机工作站 xerox静电复印
Y2k bug千年虫 zip-code邮政编码
Unit 2 经济管理类
active trade balance贸易顺差 adverse trade balance贸易逆差
appropriate拨款 auditor审计员。查帐员
balance sheet资产负债表 bargain减价出售的商品，便宜货
hoard 0f directors董事会 bond债券
bottom line盈亏表 brisk(生意)兴隆
bubble economy泡沫经济 budget预算
business restructuring商业重组 capital资本
cargo manifest货物清单 commodities fair商品展销会
confiscate没收 corporation公司，股份有限公司
counteroffer还价 creditor债权人
customs海关 dealer商人，贩子，证券经纪人
deficit赤字，亏空 deflationary policy紧缩银根政策
demands and supplies供需 depreciation贬值
depression经济萧条期 divided红利．股利
domestic market国内市场 duty-free免税
economic decline经济衰退 economic fluctuation经济波动
economic recovery经济复苏 economic stability经济稳定
economic strategy经济战略 economist经济学家
enterprise in the red亏损企业 entrepreneur企业家，中间商
executive director常务董事 export．oriented economy外向型经济
fake and poor quality commodities假冒伪劣产品 fierce competition激烈的竞争
fluctuation波动 GDP国内生产总值
GNP(gross national product)国民生产总值 head office总部
human resources人力资源 income tax所得税
inflation通货膨胀 installment分期付款
interest rate利率 investment投资，投资额
invoice发票 labor and management劳资双方
labor force劳动力 large scale development of West China大规模妁西部开发
levy征(税) limited liability company有限责任公司
macroeconomics宏观经济学 market-oriented economy市场经济
market research市场调研 merger合并公司
monetary货币的 monopoly垄断
mortgage抵押．抵押货款 most-favored nation treatment最惠国待遇
multinational多国经营的，跨国经营的 multinational corporations跨国公司
negotiation谈判；洽谈 patent system专利制度
patron老主顾 planned economy计划经济
potential market市场潜力 price hike物价上涨
principal本金 Private enterprise私人企业
Private property私人财产 productivity生产率
productivity revolution生产力革命 profitable赢利的
promotion促销 property tax财产税
public funding公共基金 recession衰退
reckoning结账 retail零售
revenue财政收入，税收 security证券
self-faised funds自筹资金 slack不景气
smuggle走私 social security社会保障(制度)
soft investment environment投资软环境 speculation投机倒把
staff members职员 stagnant(经济)停滞，不发展
stamp duty印花税 statistical统计的
stock现货，股票。公债 stockbroker股票，证券经纪人
stock holder股东；股票持有人 strategic战略的
surplus赢余 tariff(进口)关税
tax break税额优惠 taxpayer纳税人
teller(=cashier)出纳员 trade、^rind贸易风
transaction交易；买卖 trust信托
wholesale批发
Unit 3 政治与法律类
accusation控告 acquit宣判无罪
amend修正 amnesty特赦
appeal上诉 apprehend拘押，逮捕
arbitration仲裁，调停 armed conflicts武装冲突
attorney律师 authorize授权
autonomous自治的 bilateral talks双边会淡
civil law民法 code法规，法典
confinement关押，禁闭 congressman国会议员
conspiracy阴谋 constitution宪法
consul领事 convict宣判有罪
court法院 court of appeal中级法院
custody拘留 criminal law刑法
decree法令 defendant被告
defender辩护人 defuse缓合，平息
despot独裁者 disarmament解除武装
enforce实施，使生效 established international practice国际惯例
federal government联邦政府 hierarchy等级制度
humanitarian aid人道主义援助 illicit非法的
indemnity赔偿 institution制度
intellectual property．right知识产权 interim government过渡政府
joint declaration联合声明 judicial司法的
judiciary司法部 jury陪审团
lawsuit诉讼 legal liability法律义务
legislation立法 legislative立法的
legislature立法机构 legitimate合法的
litigant诉讼当事人 litigation诉讼
municipal市政的 offense犯罪
parliament议会 pending未决的
petition请愿 plaintiff(民事)原告
plead申诉，辩护 probation缓刑．察看
public prosecutor检查官 reconciliation和解
repatriate遣返 Representative众议院议员
ruling(法官等)裁定 secretary部长
senate参议院 senator参议员
sovereignty主权 statute成文法
stipulation条文，规定 subpoena传票
suit起诉 suitor(刑事)原告
summit meeting首脑会议峰会 terrorist attack恐怖袭击
terrorist organizations恐怖组织 The Capitol国会大厦
the House of Representative下议院 The Pentagon国防大楼
the Senate上议院 undersecretary次长
usurpation篡夺 verdict(陪审团)裁定
violation违犯
Unit 4 医学与健康类
abortion人工流产 acupuncture针刺医疗法
amnesia(医)记忆缺失，遗忘(症) anatomical解剖学的；解剖的
anesthetic麻醉剂 anti-aging抗衰老
antibiotic抗生素 antibody抗体
antidote解毒药 antitumor drug抗肿瘤药；抗癌药
antiviral抗病毒药 arthritis关节炎
asthma气喘，哮喘 asylum精神病院
bacteria缅菌 biomedical生物医学的
carcinogen致癌物 cell membrane细胞膜
cellular细胞的，由细胞组成的 cellulose纤维素
Centers for Disease Control疾病控制中心 cholera霍乱
cholesterol胆固醇 chromosome染色体
clinical临床的 clone无性繁殖系，克隆
coma昏厥 contagion接触传染
comea角膜 dehydrate(使)脱水
diagnose诊断 diarrhea泻肚
enzyme酶 epidemic流行病
euthanasia安乐死 excretion排泄，排泄物
gene mutation(基因)突变 gene pool基因库
genetic engineering基因工程 genomic染色体的
glucose葡萄糖 healthy Diet Pyramid呈金字塔状的健康饮食
heart attack心力衰竭，心脏病发作 heterosexual异性恋的
HIV—positive艾滋病测试阳性 homosexual同性恋的
hormone激素 hygiene卫生，卫生学
hypertension高血压 hypnosis催眠术
1CU(Intensive Care Unit)重症监护室 immunize获得免疫力
incidence发病率 inflammation炎症
inoculation接种，预防注射 insane精神病患者的，精神病的
insomnia失眠(症) latency period潜伏期
leukemia白血病 malaria疟疾
malignant恶性 measles麻疹
medication添加药物，药物治疗 metabolism新陈代谢
mother-to-fetus transmission母婴传播 multiply繁殖
mutate变异．突变 nauseate呕吐
neurological神经病学的 obesity过度肥胖，肥大
ointment药膏 organ transplanting器官移植
paralysis瘫痪 physician内科医生
plague鼠疫。瘟疫 potency药力
prescription药方，处方(的药) preventive预防性的
psychiatrist精神病医生 rehabilitation康复，恢复
remedy疗法 removal切除
rheumatoid风湿的；类风湿(性)的 sedative镇静剂
self-medication自我药疗 stroke中风
suspected case疑似病例 surgery外科手术
symptom症状 syndrome综合病症
taint影响，腐化，使感染 TCM (traditional Chinese medicine)中医
therapy治疗，疗法 toxicologist毒物学家；毒理学家
vaccine疫苗 vein静脉
l veterinary疾病的，兽医的 1 water soluble vitamins水溶性维生素
Unit 5 生态类
acid rain酸雨 afforestation植树造林
algae梅藻 amphibian两栖类的，两栖动物
balance of nature生态平衡 bio-diversity生物多样性
biosphere生物圈 CFCs氟利昂
decibel分贝 deforestation采伐森林
desertification土地沙漠化 domestic sewage生活污水
ecocide生态灭绝 eco-friendy良好的环境
eco-label生态标志 ecological condition生态环境
ecologist生态学家 ecology生态学．对环境的科学研究
ecosystem生态系，生态系统 eco-tourist生态旅游；生态旅游业
effluent流出物，排除物 environmentalist环境工作者；环境问题专家
fauna动物群 flora植物群
fumes有毒的废气 global warming全球变暖
green groups绿色环保组织 greenhouse effect温室效应
infrared radiation红外线辐射 mammal哺乳动物
noxious有毒的 nucleic acid(生物)核酸
ozone hole臭氧洞 ozone layer臭氧层
photosynthesis光合作用 plankton(总称)浮游动物
p0Ilufion index污染指数 polymer聚合物
refuse垃圾、废物 sewage污水
sewage disposal污水处理 sewage plant污水处理厂
sewage purification污水净化 soil pollution土壤污染
solid waste固体垃圾 stratosphere同温层
ultraviolet radiation紫外线辐射 wipe out a species物种灭绝
Unit 6 大众传媒类
audience rating收视率；收听率 bill海报
billboard告示牌，广告牌 braille盲字，点字法
brochure小册子 bulletin公告；简明新闻
carry刊登 cast演员表
censorship审查 circular供传阅的函件或通知
closed-circuit TV闭路电视 column专栏
condensation缩写本 coverage新闻报道
disseminate传播 documentary新闻片
feature新闻特写 free-lance writer自由撰稿人
headline新闻标题 highlights and sidelights要闻与花絮
illustration插图 infringement侵犯
journal刊物 leaflet传单
live现场直播 neon霓虹灯广告
on location现场拍摄 pictorial画报
poster标语牌，布告 practitioner开业者，从业者
press新闻界 projector放映机
propagate宣传 publication出版
publishing house出版社 re1ay转播
royalty稿费，版税 shot拍摄
studio摄影棚 subscribe订阅人
western西部电影
Unit 7 天文地理类
aeronautics航空学，航空术 alien外星人
astrology占星学 astronomer天文学家
atmospheric大气的，空气的 aviation航空，航空学，航空工业
celestial天的，天体的 celestial sphere天球
cluster星团 cold front冷锋
comet彗星 constellation星座
cosmic radiation宇宙辐射 cosmic rays宇宙射线
cosmology字宙学 drifting plates漂流版块
dune沙丘 elipse (日，月)食
equator (地球)赤道 glacier冰河
hurricane飓风 inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论
inter-planetary communication星际交通 Jupiter木星
latitude纬度 launch发射
launch pad发射台 longitude经度
lunar月球的 lunar eclipse月蚀
Mars火星 Mercury水星
meteor流星 meteorolite陨石
meteor shower流星雨 monsoon季风
multistage rocket多级火箭 Neptune海王星
orbit环绕(天体的)轨道运行 peninsula半岛
phase月相 planet行星
planetary行星的 planetoid小行星
plateau高原 Pluto冥王星
radiating辐射的 reef暗礁
satellite卫星 solar corona日冕
solar prominence日珥 solar radiation宇宙辐射
solar system太阳系 space exploration外层空间探索
space shuttle航天飞机 space suit宇航服，航天服
stellar星球的 Tropic of Cancer／Capricorn北/南回归线
Uranus天王星 Venus金星
Volcanic火山的 Watchdog管理人员
Unit 8 艺术类
abstract painting抽象画 art decor艺术装饰
baton指挥棒 break dance霹雳舞
0elb大提琴 chant吟唱
chord合唱，合唱曲 composer作曲者，作曲家
concerto协奏曲 conductor指挥
conservatory音乐学校 flute长笛
folk music民间音乐 gong锣
harmonica口鬈 harp竖琴
horn号 impressionism印象派
instrument(精密)乐器 lyric歌词
melody旋律，曲调 musical音乐喜剧
musical notation乐谱 orchestra管弦乐队
overture前奏曲 pipe organ管风琴
playwright剧作家 prelude序曲
premiere首演 producer演出者
properties舞台道具 rap music快板音乐，快板歌
recital独奏会．独唱会 refrain(歌曲中的)叠歌，副歌
rehearsal排演 Renaissance文艺复兴
reproduction复制 saxophone萨克斯管
scale音阶 score总谱；(总谱中的)乐曲
sculpture雕刻，雕塑 sonata奏鸣曲
symphony交响乐，交响曲 synthesizer合成器，音响合成器
tempo节奏 theatricals戏剧
trumpet喇叭 whistle口哨
wind管乐器
U11it 9 宗教类
Allah真主，安拉 altar圣坛，祭坛
apartheid南非的种族隔离 apostle信徒
atheist无神论者 Catholic天主教徒
Catholicism天主教 Christianity基督教
convert改变信仰；皈依 cult疯狂地崇拜，膜拜
deity(=god)神 fast斋戒；禁食
gospel福音 heresy异端邪说
hierarchy阶层，等级 incarnate化身
Judaism犹太教 koran可兰经
minister牧师 missionary传教士
pagan异教徒的，无宗教信仰的 pious虔诚的
pope教皇，罗马主教 preach布道，说教
preacher传道士，牧师 Protestant新教徒
resurrection(耶稣)复活 scripture经文，圣典
service礼拜式 superstition迷信
taboo禁忌
Unit 10 体育运动类
a11-round champion全能冠军 backhand(网球等运动中)反手的
backstroke仰泳 balk line起跳线
baton接力棒 bid申办
bodybuilding健美运动 bowler投球手
breaststroke蛙泳 butterfly蝶泳
cheering-section啦啦队 chief referee裁判长
closing ceremony闭幕式 COC(Chinese Olympic Committee)中国奥委会
court(篮球、网球等的)场 cross-country race越野赛
draw平局 dunk扣篮
finals决赛 floor exercise自由体操
foul犯规 freestyle自由泳
Green Olympics绿色奥运 gym(nasium)体育馆，健身房
Hi-tech Olympics科技奥运 host主办
host country东道国 in good form竞技状态好
invitational tournament邀请赛 IOC(International Olympic Committee)国际奥委会
Jump the gun抢跑 marathon马拉松赛跑
natatorium游泳馆 OCOG(Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games)奥运会组委会
on your marks各就各位 opening ceremony开幕式
penalty kick点球 physical culture and sports体育运动
playing pool水球场 racket网球拍
rally连续对打 rebound篮板球
referee`s crease裁判区 runner-up亚军
seeded team种子队 shot发球
smash扣球 spectator观众
sports circle体育界 sportsmanship体育道德
State Sports General Administration国家体育局 substitute替补
synchronized swimming花样游泳 the People`s Olympic人文奥运
track and field田径 water polo水球
Unit 11 食品类
additive添加剂 amino add氨基酸
appetizer开胃食品 barbecue烧烤
bed curries牛肉咖喱 beef steak牛排；鱼排
beverage饮料 broccoli西兰花
buffet(meal)自助餐 butter黄油
carbohydrate糖类 cauliflower菜花
convenience food方便食品 diet日常饮食
fortified wine加了酒精的葡萄酒 French fries法式炸薯条
fructose果糖 glucose葡萄糖
green foodstuff绿色食品 ground beef绞牛肉；牛肉酱
health food保健食品 ketchup调味番茄酱
!can meat瘦肉 lettuce生菜
malnourished营养不良 maltose麦牙糖
nutrition营养(成分) oatmeal燕麦片
onion洋葱 pasta意大利通心粉
pasta dinner意大利面食 pastry面点心
pepsi百事可乐 protein蛋白质
recipe食谱；配方 seaweed海藻
soft drink不含酒精的饮料 spice调味品
sprite雪碧 starch淀粉
vegetable curry and rice蔬菜咖喱烩饭 vegetarian素食主义者
vitamin维生素 yeast酵母
yogurt酸奶
Unit 12 其他社会生活类
accommodations膳宿 baby boom生育高峰
census人口普查 charitable仁慈的，为慈善事业的
civilized文明的，有礼的 commit suicide自杀
community社会 divorce离婚
drug abuse滥用毒品 hospitality好客
household家庭的 infrastructure基础设施
metropolitan大城市的 psychological心理学的
questionnaire问卷调查 religious宗教的
social change社会变革,social interrelationship社会关系
social status社会地位