Unit 5 Money
Teaching Aims,
In this unit students are required to,
1) get to know some useful information concerning the topic of the reading passages in this unit and to know more about English culture;
2) do some preparation activities such as discussion,group work,etc,to practice their spoken skill and communicative skills;
3) grasp some new words and try to use these words which help them to enrich their vocabulary;
4)read the in-class reading passage in a limited time and grasp some expressions and grammatical points in the in-class reading passage to improve their reading comprehension;
5) do some post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to practice what they have got to know in class to improve their English comprehensive skills.;
6) translate some typical sentences into Chinese or English by using some expressions learned in the reading passages to acquire some translating skills and better their translating abilities.
I,Useful Information
Normally we think of money as the coins and paper notes that are used as a standard medium of exchange or payment within any particular country,Great Britain has the pound,France has the Franc,China has the yuan,and the United States the dollar,But in all technologically advanced societies,there are now many different kinds of money,Wealth is not only measured by the amount of coins or paper notes that we possess but also various types of assets (财产，资产),Aside from real estate (land,houses,buildings,etc.) and other forms of material wealth like paintings or jewelry,some people can also own stocks and bonds,The resources of a company are divided into portions or shares that are issued in the form of transferable certificates called stocks,If a company does well,the profits are divided among stockholders,If a government of a company wants to borrow money,it can issue bonds or certificates of debt that promise to pay back by a certain date the money borrowed plus interest,The risk factor is much higher in stocks,Bonds provide a safer form of investment but they are less profitable,Both stocks and bonds are bought and sold on the stock market.
In modern societies,most people are not paid in cash,They receive checks which must be deposited in an account in a bank or a credit union,for example,This,in turn,enables them to pay for goods and services with personal checks rather than using cash,Providing that they have a high enough income,they can use credit cards and other non-cash systems.
The increasing number of ways that are used to replace real currency is reminiscent of the multitude of objects once used as primitive money,Depending on the economy and the culture,these included such things as beads(珠子项链),jade(翡翠),gold,silver,ivory(象牙),hoes,guns,oxen,and pigs,These types of items were used in addition to direct bartering (以物换物）in which one object was exchanged for another,Along with other ancient civilizations,China developed bronze coins over 3000 years ago,Coins had the advantage of being easier to control and to standardize,The value of money has always been linked to political and economic power,Even today,the international trading currencies in the world---the US dollar,the Deutsche mark,the British pound,etc.--- all reflect the relative strength of their countries,The future of the new European currency,called the euro,will depend on the combined strength of the eleven countries supporting it.
There have always been moral issue related to money,Some societies regarded lavish spending as morally wrong,while others considered lending money at a high rate of interest as a social crime,Many stories have been written on the miser’s greed for money,According to The Bible,“The love of money is the root of all evil.” The famous playwright,George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950),stated that,in the final analysis,it was not the love but the lack of money that was the root of all evil,While it is true that money causes all kinds of problems,it is equally true that in today’s society it is a necessary evil.
II,Preparation
1,A guessing Game on page 115.
The poem
This poem is written using personification,It can be paraphrased as:
Money comes in different shapes and it is appealing,
And it is always worth something;
No matter what color it is,money is useful’
Money is often blamed for many things;
It both causes worries and joys,
More people like money.
If you don’t have money,you don’t have much power
To brighten up a sad life;
For some people,having money validates(makes sb strong)
Their life,their soul,and everything they love.
Other people don’t like money,
So they spend it quickly;
Most people don’t think they have enough money.
2,Cutting Down Expenses (p116)
1) What will happen if he doesn’t pay his telephone bill? His gas bill? His TV payment? His bank loan payment?
If he doesn’t pay his telephone bill,he won’t be able to use his phone because the line will be disconnected,If he doesn’t pay his gas bill,he will not be able to use the stove because the gas company will cut off the gas supply,If he doesn’t pay the cable company,he will not able to watch cable TV,If he doesn’t pay his bank loan installment,the bank might repossess his car.
2) Which bill should he pay first?
Perhaps the rent is the first payment he should pay,otherwise he might be homeless.
3) How could he have avoided this situation?
He could save half of the loan (i.e,$150) if he shared an apartment with another person,By making fewer calls he could save some money (e.g.$10) on the phone bill,Generally speaking $2oo should be enough for food,so he can save $200 on food expenditures,Since he has to make both ends meet,he shouldn’t spend so much on transportation,he can cut it down to $100,saving $20,In this way,he can save $380 in total.
III,In-Class Reading
1．Pre-reading on page 122
Directions,Working in pairs,discuss the following question.
Do you budget your money? If not,Why not? If so,How?
Sample 1
I budget my money,because I think money is important,especially for students,We get the money from our parents,They work hard to support us,so we should learn to save money and not to waste anything,That’s why usually I budget my money,First,I put aside the money for food and books,because they are the most important part,Then I can use the rest of the money for entertainment,clothing,transportation and so on,Second,if I haven’t enough money left at the end of the month,I’ll cut down on my daily expenses such as snacks,tapes,drinks and so on,I usually think carefully before I buy anything so as to avoid wasting money.
Sample 2
I don’t usually budget my money,I know it’s a good idea to budget my money,but I just don’t know how,What’s more I am not used to arranging money matters by myself,I think it’s troublesome to write down what you have bought each time,I can ask for money from my parents anyway,So I don’t budget my money now,Perhaps later on I will have to.
2．Passage Reading,Time Spent Agonizing over Money
Language points
1）to have …to do with
to have much/something/little/nothing /anything to do with和…发生关系，和…有关（与…很有关，与…有一些关系，与…没有关系，与…没有关系）
Tom said he didn’t want to have anything to do with the new boy.
It has nothing to do with you what I want to do,
I had nothing to do with the party,I was home last night.
2）to affect:,to cause some result or change in; influence
The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.
The entire country was affected by drought.
What I am saying now isn’t going to affect what I do this summer.
effect,result (n.)
It had had such a bad effect on him.
This had a great effect upon the future both mother and son.
effect vt,to bring about,cause
We hope to effect an improvement.
He effected several important changes.
3）to cut back (on):to reduce in size or amount
They cut back on production when power cuts.
We must cut back our expenses.
4）For that matter,for the matter of that(as further concerns the thing mentioned) 对这一点；就此而言；对此
He doesn’t trust his partner,For that matter I can’t blame him.
I don’t know,and for that matter,I don’t care.
Alice didn’t come,and for that matter,she didn’t even telephone.
5） to plow/plough back,to reinvest(money)
He doesn’t want to plow back into the project.
To plow profits back into new plants and equipment
He plowed several hundred million into developing new oil fields.
6）all but,almost; nearly几乎，差点没
She all but fainted when she heard the news.
The man was all but blind,
The child was all but run over by the bus.
7) cannot（help/choose） but不能不，只能
We couldn’t but be impressed by their warm concern.
You can’t help but respect them.
He could not but feel annoyed.
When a friend gave Jack a ticket to the game,he couldn’t help but go.
8）not that…but that不是…而是
be anything but,be definitely not根本不是，一点也不
He is anything but polite,
She is anything but beautiful.
The little bridge is anything but safe.
9）nothing but,only
Nothing but a miracle can save her now.
I want nothing but the best for my child.
Don’t have him for a friend,he is nothing but a criminal.
but for sb/sth,if it were not for/if it hadn’t been for; without; if not for要不是（句子谓语多用虚拟语气）
But for my brother’s help,I wouldn’t have finished the work.
But for the rain we would have had a nice holiday.
But for your coming,I should have been very lonely.
All but,almost; very nearly
The job is all but finished.
It was all but impossible to climb back into the boat.
The party was all but over when we arrived.
10) in the light of,considering; taking into account根据；按照；参照，考虑到
In the light of what you told me I shall act in a different way.
In the light of these changes we must revise our plan.
In the light of what you say I agree to go.
11) lest ; for fear that (in the clause subjunctive mood is used,…lest …should do/be…)
He hurried on,lest she should meet his again.
We dare not play jokes on Mark lest he should become angry.
I’ll be kind to her lest she decide to leave me.
IV,Further Development
Ten Wishes
If a genie appeared before you and said he would grant you ten wishes,what would your wishes be? Tell your wishes to the others in your class,and find out what the ten most common wishes are.
Managing Your Money
Work in groups to find a better way to manage your money,You may make a list to share with your classmates.
3,Write a composition on one of the following topics in no less than 100 words,Remember to write neatly.
Samples:
Money in Students’ Life
( 1 )
Money is as important to us students as it is to other people,Not only must we pay our food and clothes,we also need money for books,CDs,and all kinds of entertainment,In holidays,many students travel around the country to broaden their horizon,And travel always costs a lot.
Then how do we get money? Most students have to rely on their family,They receive money regularly from the hometown,However,nowadays more and more students are striving for financial independence,They work as personal tutor,help in company or sell grocery in dormitory,Anyway,they must try something if their families are in great difficulties.
If the economical situation of the family is quite sound,then it must be the passion for independence that works.
Most teachers and parents hold a high opinion of our part-time work,because we learn not only to be independent,but also to appreciate the value of work.
It is certainly a pleasure to spend money,but there is more pleasure in earning it.
( 2 )
In students’ life,there are two main things,One is studying,and the other is daily life.
In our studies,money is very important and necessary,We must pay the tuition fee to go to college,If we want to join in some activities,we have to pay some fees,for example,one yuan for an hour of computer practice,We also need money to buy reference books,In daily life we spend money on food,clothes and other necessary articles,Sometimes we also spend money on tapes,films,etc,When we spend money we’ll pause and think:,Is it necessary to spend money on it?” At university,we don’t live with our parents,and we have to budget our money by ourselves,We need to know in what cases we must spend it and in what cases we mustn’t,
There are some students among us who think that earning a lot of money is more important than studying,That’s a one-sided view,Knowledge is priceless,Money in a student’s life is not the primary thing we care about.
Money and Happiness
( 1 )
Money is very important in our lives,Many people think that when you have money you can be happy,That means if a person is poor,he can never be happy.
In my opinion,money is important for food,clothing,shelter and transportation,Without money,we could have done nothing,But that does not mean that only the rich are happy,Rich people are too busy earning more money,so they cannot enjoy life,They are constantly worrying about losing their fortune,How can they be happy? On the contrary,if a person is penniless,he has to worry about money all the time,so he won’t be happy either.
The really happy person is one who has enough money so that he can do whatever he wants,He is not crazy for money,so he is content with life.
( 2 )
Money is very important,Without money we would have no house to live in,no clothes to wear,no food to eat,If one has no money,one has to work hard to earn money,All one thinks about is how to make money,That makes a person nervous and tired,Certainly,it doesn’t make you feel happy,But if we care about money too much,we’ll become slaves of money,After all,money is not everything,Money can’t buy friendship,respect,etc,even if one has a lot of money,but he is selfish and has no mercy on others,he will have no friends and will be lonely and unhappy,Happiness means not only comfortable living conditions but also mental satisfaction,I think,only those who don’t have to worry about money and can spend money on others easily are really happy,Thomas Edison was one of them.
Teaching Aims,
In this unit students are required to,
1) get to know some useful information concerning the topic of the reading passages in this unit and to know more about English culture;
2) do some preparation activities such as discussion,group work,etc,to practice their spoken skill and communicative skills;
3) grasp some new words and try to use these words which help them to enrich their vocabulary;
4)read the in-class reading passage in a limited time and grasp some expressions and grammatical points in the in-class reading passage to improve their reading comprehension;
5) do some post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to practice what they have got to know in class to improve their English comprehensive skills.;
6) translate some typical sentences into Chinese or English by using some expressions learned in the reading passages to acquire some translating skills and better their translating abilities.
I,Useful Information
Normally we think of money as the coins and paper notes that are used as a standard medium of exchange or payment within any particular country,Great Britain has the pound,France has the Franc,China has the yuan,and the United States the dollar,But in all technologically advanced societies,there are now many different kinds of money,Wealth is not only measured by the amount of coins or paper notes that we possess but also various types of assets (财产，资产),Aside from real estate (land,houses,buildings,etc.) and other forms of material wealth like paintings or jewelry,some people can also own stocks and bonds,The resources of a company are divided into portions or shares that are issued in the form of transferable certificates called stocks,If a company does well,the profits are divided among stockholders,If a government of a company wants to borrow money,it can issue bonds or certificates of debt that promise to pay back by a certain date the money borrowed plus interest,The risk factor is much higher in stocks,Bonds provide a safer form of investment but they are less profitable,Both stocks and bonds are bought and sold on the stock market.
In modern societies,most people are not paid in cash,They receive checks which must be deposited in an account in a bank or a credit union,for example,This,in turn,enables them to pay for goods and services with personal checks rather than using cash,Providing that they have a high enough income,they can use credit cards and other non-cash systems.
The increasing number of ways that are used to replace real currency is reminiscent of the multitude of objects once used as primitive money,Depending on the economy and the culture,these included such things as beads(珠子项链),jade(翡翠),gold,silver,ivory(象牙),hoes,guns,oxen,and pigs,These types of items were used in addition to direct bartering (以物换物）in which one object was exchanged for another,Along with other ancient civilizations,China developed bronze coins over 3000 years ago,Coins had the advantage of being easier to control and to standardize,The value of money has always been linked to political and economic power,Even today,the international trading currencies in the world---the US dollar,the Deutsche mark,the British pound,etc.--- all reflect the relative strength of their countries,The future of the new European currency,called the euro,will depend on the combined strength of the eleven countries supporting it.
There have always been moral issue related to money,Some societies regarded lavish spending as morally wrong,while others considered lending money at a high rate of interest as a social crime,Many stories have been written on the miser’s greed for money,According to The Bible,“The love of money is the root of all evil.” The famous playwright,George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950),stated that,in the final analysis,it was not the love but the lack of money that was the root of all evil,While it is true that money causes all kinds of problems,it is equally true that in today’s society it is a necessary evil.
II,Preparation
1,A guessing Game on page 115.
The poem
This poem is written using personification,It can be paraphrased as:
Money comes in different shapes and it is appealing,
And it is always worth something;
No matter what color it is,money is useful’
Money is often blamed for many things;
It both causes worries and joys,
More people like money.
If you don’t have money,you don’t have much power
To brighten up a sad life;
For some people,having money validates(makes sb strong)
Their life,their soul,and everything they love.
Other people don’t like money,
So they spend it quickly;
Most people don’t think they have enough money.
2,Cutting Down Expenses (p116)
1) What will happen if he doesn’t pay his telephone bill? His gas bill? His TV payment? His bank loan payment?
If he doesn’t pay his telephone bill,he won’t be able to use his phone because the line will be disconnected,If he doesn’t pay his gas bill,he will not be able to use the stove because the gas company will cut off the gas supply,If he doesn’t pay the cable company,he will not able to watch cable TV,If he doesn’t pay his bank loan installment,the bank might repossess his car.
2) Which bill should he pay first?
Perhaps the rent is the first payment he should pay,otherwise he might be homeless.
3) How could he have avoided this situation?
He could save half of the loan (i.e,$150) if he shared an apartment with another person,By making fewer calls he could save some money (e.g.$10) on the phone bill,Generally speaking $2oo should be enough for food,so he can save $200 on food expenditures,Since he has to make both ends meet,he shouldn’t spend so much on transportation,he can cut it down to $100,saving $20,In this way,he can save $380 in total.
III,In-Class Reading
1．Pre-reading on page 122
Directions,Working in pairs,discuss the following question.
Do you budget your money? If not,Why not? If so,How?
Sample 1
I budget my money,because I think money is important,especially for students,We get the money from our parents,They work hard to support us,so we should learn to save money and not to waste anything,That’s why usually I budget my money,First,I put aside the money for food and books,because they are the most important part,Then I can use the rest of the money for entertainment,clothing,transportation and so on,Second,if I haven’t enough money left at the end of the month,I’ll cut down on my daily expenses such as snacks,tapes,drinks and so on,I usually think carefully before I buy anything so as to avoid wasting money.
Sample 2
I don’t usually budget my money,I know it’s a good idea to budget my money,but I just don’t know how,What’s more I am not used to arranging money matters by myself,I think it’s troublesome to write down what you have bought each time,I can ask for money from my parents anyway,So I don’t budget my money now,Perhaps later on I will have to.
2．Passage Reading,Time Spent Agonizing over Money
Language points
1）to have …to do with
to have much/something/little/nothing /anything to do with和…发生关系，和…有关（与…很有关，与…有一些关系，与…没有关系，与…没有关系）
Tom said he didn’t want to have anything to do with the new boy.
It has nothing to do with you what I want to do,
I had nothing to do with the party,I was home last night.
2）to affect:,to cause some result or change in; influence
The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.
The entire country was affected by drought.
What I am saying now isn’t going to affect what I do this summer.
effect,result (n.)
It had had such a bad effect on him.
This had a great effect upon the future both mother and son.
effect vt,to bring about,cause
We hope to effect an improvement.
He effected several important changes.
3）to cut back (on):to reduce in size or amount
They cut back on production when power cuts.
We must cut back our expenses.
4）For that matter,for the matter of that(as further concerns the thing mentioned) 对这一点；就此而言；对此
He doesn’t trust his partner,For that matter I can’t blame him.
I don’t know,and for that matter,I don’t care.
Alice didn’t come,and for that matter,she didn’t even telephone.
5） to plow/plough back,to reinvest(money)
He doesn’t want to plow back into the project.
To plow profits back into new plants and equipment
He plowed several hundred million into developing new oil fields.
6）all but,almost; nearly几乎，差点没
She all but fainted when she heard the news.
The man was all but blind,
The child was all but run over by the bus.
7) cannot（help/choose） but不能不，只能
We couldn’t but be impressed by their warm concern.
You can’t help but respect them.
He could not but feel annoyed.
When a friend gave Jack a ticket to the game,he couldn’t help but go.
8）not that…but that不是…而是
be anything but,be definitely not根本不是，一点也不
He is anything but polite,
She is anything but beautiful.
The little bridge is anything but safe.
9）nothing but,only
Nothing but a miracle can save her now.
I want nothing but the best for my child.
Don’t have him for a friend,he is nothing but a criminal.
but for sb/sth,if it were not for/if it hadn’t been for; without; if not for要不是（句子谓语多用虚拟语气）
But for my brother’s help,I wouldn’t have finished the work.
But for the rain we would have had a nice holiday.
But for your coming,I should have been very lonely.
All but,almost; very nearly
The job is all but finished.
It was all but impossible to climb back into the boat.
The party was all but over when we arrived.
10) in the light of,considering; taking into account根据；按照；参照，考虑到
In the light of what you told me I shall act in a different way.
In the light of these changes we must revise our plan.
In the light of what you say I agree to go.
11) lest ; for fear that (in the clause subjunctive mood is used,…lest …should do/be…)
He hurried on,lest she should meet his again.
We dare not play jokes on Mark lest he should become angry.
I’ll be kind to her lest she decide to leave me.
IV,Further Development
Ten Wishes
If a genie appeared before you and said he would grant you ten wishes,what would your wishes be? Tell your wishes to the others in your class,and find out what the ten most common wishes are.
Managing Your Money
Work in groups to find a better way to manage your money,You may make a list to share with your classmates.
3,Write a composition on one of the following topics in no less than 100 words,Remember to write neatly.
Samples:
Money in Students’ Life
( 1 )
Money is as important to us students as it is to other people,Not only must we pay our food and clothes,we also need money for books,CDs,and all kinds of entertainment,In holidays,many students travel around the country to broaden their horizon,And travel always costs a lot.
Then how do we get money? Most students have to rely on their family,They receive money regularly from the hometown,However,nowadays more and more students are striving for financial independence,They work as personal tutor,help in company or sell grocery in dormitory,Anyway,they must try something if their families are in great difficulties.
If the economical situation of the family is quite sound,then it must be the passion for independence that works.
Most teachers and parents hold a high opinion of our part-time work,because we learn not only to be independent,but also to appreciate the value of work.
It is certainly a pleasure to spend money,but there is more pleasure in earning it.
( 2 )
In students’ life,there are two main things,One is studying,and the other is daily life.
In our studies,money is very important and necessary,We must pay the tuition fee to go to college,If we want to join in some activities,we have to pay some fees,for example,one yuan for an hour of computer practice,We also need money to buy reference books,In daily life we spend money on food,clothes and other necessary articles,Sometimes we also spend money on tapes,films,etc,When we spend money we’ll pause and think:,Is it necessary to spend money on it?” At university,we don’t live with our parents,and we have to budget our money by ourselves,We need to know in what cases we must spend it and in what cases we mustn’t,
There are some students among us who think that earning a lot of money is more important than studying,That’s a one-sided view,Knowledge is priceless,Money in a student’s life is not the primary thing we care about.
Money and Happiness
( 1 )
Money is very important in our lives,Many people think that when you have money you can be happy,That means if a person is poor,he can never be happy.
In my opinion,money is important for food,clothing,shelter and transportation,Without money,we could have done nothing,But that does not mean that only the rich are happy,Rich people are too busy earning more money,so they cannot enjoy life,They are constantly worrying about losing their fortune,How can they be happy? On the contrary,if a person is penniless,he has to worry about money all the time,so he won’t be happy either.
The really happy person is one who has enough money so that he can do whatever he wants,He is not crazy for money,so he is content with life.
( 2 )
Money is very important,Without money we would have no house to live in,no clothes to wear,no food to eat,If one has no money,one has to work hard to earn money,All one thinks about is how to make money,That makes a person nervous and tired,Certainly,it doesn’t make you feel happy,But if we care about money too much,we’ll become slaves of money,After all,money is not everything,Money can’t buy friendship,respect,etc,even if one has a lot of money,but he is selfish and has no mercy on others,he will have no friends and will be lonely and unhappy,Happiness means not only comfortable living conditions but also mental satisfaction,I think,only those who don’t have to worry about money and can spend money on others easily are really happy,Thomas Edison was one of them.
