写作练习题 Directions: Write compositions under the following titles. Every composition should be no les than 100 words. You should base your writing on the outlines given below. 1. Traveling Outline: 喜欢旅游者的看法 不喜欢旅游者的看法 你的观点 words for reference: knowledge, enjoy, finance, health, sights 2, Advertisement Outline: 1) 广告给人们带来的益处 2) 广告给人们带来的烦恼 3) 如何正确利用广告的作用 words for reference: informative, knowledge, experience, harmful, disadvantages, persuade 3. It Pays to Be Honest Outlines: 1,当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象 2,诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实 words for reference: dishonesty, cheated, stockholders, respectable, practice 4. Fighting Criminals Outlines: 1,目前我国一些城市的犯罪率在上升 2,勇敢面对犯罪 3,法制教育将减少犯罪 words for reference: rate, take a place, risk one’s life to, law education, encourage 5. Vacation long or short? Outlines: 1,一些人喜欢长假 2,一些人喜欢短假 3,你的观点 words for reference: favor, vacation, far-away place, benefit, prefer 6. Examination Outlines: 1,对于考试利弊的争论 2,考试能够说明应试教育的情况 3,我们应当持有的态度 words for reference: advantages, disadvantages, measure, examination, attitude 7. Wealth and Happiness Outlines: 1,一些人渴望财富 2,财富可以带来幸福 3,但有时候，财富并不能带来幸福 words for reference:: wealth, long for, contribute, bring, go hand, in hand 8. Housing Problem Outlines: 1,住房问题随着人口的增长产生 2,生活空间短缺words for reference 3,问题的解决办法 words for reference:: population, growth, living space, demand, burden 9. Are pets Good for Mankind? Outlines: 1,养宠物的益处 2,养宠物从经济上讲是一种浪费 3,你的观点 words for reference: : companionship, comfort, waste of time, problem 10. 应用文写作 1）. 请你给Fast Typing Mechanics Company 写一封信，内容是你在2001年秋天在ABC商店买了一台他们公司生产的打字机，几天之后打字机的空格键坏了。送到ABC商店修理好后不久打字机再一次出现问题。ABC公司要求你写信求助于生产商。注意：必须包括对收信人的称谓、写信日期、发信人的签名等基本格式。 2）. 请写一篇简历 3）. 写一篇招聘广告陶氏(Dow)化学公司是全球第五大化学公司，年销售额达200亿美元。陶氏为164个国家的客户生产和供应化工、塑料和农用产品。陶氏在世界各地拥有员工43000人。现诚聘秘书1人。条件： 英语或秘书专业大专学历； 至少两年秘书工作经验； 熟练掌握英语（写和说）以及计算机技能。 Key(参考答案) 1. Traveling People who like traveling have their reasons. They maintain that traveling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially geographical and historical learning. They go on to point out that touring will provide more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that they otherwise cannot possibly have. Those who dislike traveling would argue that traveling means a considerable amount of money and energy. For example, traffic and accommodation require money. Walking while seeing sights often tires you. In practice, traveling does more good than harm.. If your finance and health permit, you might as well do some traveling from time to time. It will at least enable you to get familiar with people and thing that you will probably grow to like and love. 2. Advertisement Advertisement can be a service to people. First, it is informative, and can help people buy and sell goods. Second, it can widen people’s knowledge, and make people more experienced. Lastly, people can enjoy themselves through those programs which advertisement have been put into. Some advertisement, however, are not very useful to people, sometimes even harmful. An advertisement like this, for example, may put thousands of women and girls into trouble.“Disillusioned with life, love, marriage? You need help. Phone me.”And the Savior gives his phone number to his sheep. In modern times, many advertisement are subjective rather than objective, persuasive rather than informative. The only purpose of those advertisements is to persuade people to buy their poorly made products. Therefore, it is wise for people to made sure the advertisements are telling the truth. 3. It Pays to Be Honest Honesty is the best policy”, as an old saying goes. As a valuable virtue, it is supposed to be cherished by people from all walks of life in the world. However, there are a lot of cases of dishonesty in a wide range of fields at present. In the business community, for example, even some world-famous corporations have cheated their employees and stockholders, such as Enron and the World Telecom. As a result, both of them have gone bankrupt and the CEOs of the two corporations have been severely punished. They deserved the punishment because they have seriously destroyed the confidence of the investors in the US stock market and brought about a great turmoil. Everyone should learn a lesson from these cases. Honesty is beneficial to everyone and it pays to be honest. A person always obtains friendship, happiness and respect if he or she is honest. People with integrity never pretend to be honest. They always bear it in mind. Even when they are in great trouble, they still stick to it and are willing to sacrifice any other things for this valuable virtue. And this helps them to be respectable and successful. Therefore, as university students, we must take honesty as a basic requirement, keep it in mind and practice it in our daily life, study and work . （220 words） 4. Fighting Criminals Today the crime rate in the cities of our country is rising. Many citizens often complain about the thefts and robberies that have taken place in the areas they live in and appeal to the government at all levels to take effective measures to reduce the crime rate. Faced with criminals, some people are so frightened that they shamelessly give up the fight and other people turn a blind eye to them. However, some people are brave enough ,to risk their lives to fight the criminals. Their fearless actions prevented the criminals from doing evils, saved the victims, and protected the public properties. To reduce the crime rate, we all the people should first receive a law education. Criminals must be severely punished. Meanwhile we should set up a foundation to reward those who fight criminals. It is also important to call on people to learn from those heroes and encourage more people to stand up to crime. 5. Vacation long or short Some people favor long vacations because they can have enough time to do things that cannot be finished within a short period. During a long vacation, they may make a complicated experiment, carry out an involved investigation or go to a far-away place for some necessary fieldwork. Taking a full time job to earn money for one or two months is another benefit the long vacation provides. And sometimes a good academic thesis with a considerable length needs a long vacation. Those who prefer short vacations also have understandable reasons. For two or three week’s rest is adequate for students to refresh themselves without forgetting the lessons that are to be continued next semester. Short vacations also mean to rest three times a school year and short semesters. To study in this way is easier than to study for a long exhausting time with many courses and lessons crammed together. On the whole, either long or short vacation has its advantages and disadvantages. What matters is how to make use of it. 6. Examination There are many arguments about the advantages and disadvantages of examination. Some people think examination is the only best way to test how examinees have mastered what they have studied and it is the only measurement for examiners to select which persons they need. While, on the other hand, some object that examination can’t measure how the students have really studied. They say it can do nothing but burden the students . As for me, I think for both examiners and examinees, the examination can show what and how much the examinees have mastered. The results of examinations are just like mirrors for both examiners and examinees. Through examination the examinees can check their work and get aware of which aspects they have not done well, so that they’ll make much improvement in their work. As far as examinees are concerned, they can not only know how they have studied but also find out what they are still unknown or what they haven’t mastered well. Thus, they will be inspired to greater efforts to improve their studying method so as to make greater progress. Of course too many examinations are burdens to both examiners and examinees. In sum, the examination does more good than harm for both examinees. We must take a correct attitude towards examination. We should take full advantage of it and avoid its disadvantage. 7. Wealth and Happiness Wealth has always been what some people long for. It is true that most of them try to acquire wealth by means of honest labor. Their efforts contribute to the wealth of the society and at the same time to accumulation of their wealth, and hence their happiness. There is no doubt that wealth brings happiness especially in the modern society, where various kinds of modern conveniences, new fashions and entertainment make their appearances with each passing day to make life more comfortable and colorful. Only money can turn admiration into reality. But there are exceptions when wealth does not go hand with happiness. Wealth may encourage those weak-willed persons to be addicted to some harmful habits, such as drug taking or gambling, and bring about their own ruin. Also, a person may lose his reason and go astray if he is passionately devote to seeking wealth. Therefore, one can never reckon only on wealth to achieve happiness. 8. Housing Problem Housing problem comes hand in hand with population growth. Some big cities in China are now encumbered with a rising population. Naturally, one of the most serious problems incurred is that of housing. Despite the mushrooming high building, the provision of living space still falls far short of demands. Since the world is advancing ,people are no longer reconciled to living in shabby shelters. They look forward to decent dwelling places that can protect human dignity. Various solutions have been suggested. But there seems to be a drawback to each of the solutions. The traditional free allocation of dwellings to the needy brings great economic burden to the government, while paid allocation brings equal burden to the average people. The moving of urban population to the suburbs may ease housing problem in inner city but brings about traffic problems. The best solution seems to be a combination of all suggested solutions. We still have a long way to go. 9. Are Pets Good for Mankind? A pet animal is kept to make us feel happy. Besides providing companionship, pets invite us to love and be loved .Often a cat or dog can comfort us at time when human words don’t help. Pets also keep us in touch with the more natural world. Learning to care for a pet helps a child to grow up into a loving adult who feels responsible towards those dependent on him. A pet dog brings its master a sense of confidence for he can see in the dog that faithfulness does exist. In fact, we for emotional rather than economic reasons. Keeping pets is just a waste of time and resource ,according to some other people .Those who are crazy about pets sometimes neglect their duties. It is a shame that many animals eat good food while thousands of people go hungry in some parts of our overpopulated ,troubled world. Furthermore, the growing number of pets has caused serious hygiene problem that cannot be solved. Not to say it’s against nature to cage birds, chain dogs and keep cats with the house. In my opinion, it is not wise nor possible to forbid pets keeping since it is a human need, rules should be made to avoid its drawbacks. 10．应用文写作 1） April 6, 2002 Dear Sir or Madam:: In the fall of 2001 I bought a Typewriter at ABC store, which is made by your company-Fast Typing Mechanics Co. I had used it only a few days when the space bar broke. We took it to a local repair shop, and they told us that it was a factory defect and suggested that we take it to ABC. ABC accepted the machine and sent the part in. We waited three months, and since your company did not send a replacement, they let us have the space bar from another typewriter. Now several months later, it has broken again. We took it back to ABC. They are no longer carrying your typewriter, but they assured us that the guarantee is still good and suggested that we write you for further instructions as to what steps to take. The guarantee was registered in my name at the address below: Dalian University, 116622 I will appreciate anything you can do to help us on this matter. Respectfully, Tom Smith 2） CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Margaret Lee Address: Foreign Affairs Office Shenyang University Shenyang, 110006 P.R. of China Telephone: (024)5612527 ext. 399 Date of birth: June 16, 1968 Marital status: Single Citizenship: U.S. Objective: Foreign expert, English teacher at university level Education: Oakland Community College 1986—1989 Orchard Lake, Michigan St. Mary’s College 1989—1991 Orchard Lake, Michigan Pittsburgh State University 1991—1993 Pittsburgh, Kansas Experience: Graduate Teaching Assistant, Pittsburgh State, 1992—1993 Shenyang University, 1993—1994 3） The Dow Chemical Company is the fifth largest chemical company in the world with yearly sales of US $20 billion. Dow manufactures and supplies chemicals, plastics and agricultural products for customers in 164 countries and employs 43，000 people worldwide. We are now seeking for a secretary. Qualifications: College diploma in English or Secretary program; At least 2years of secretary experience; Good command of English ( written &spoken) and computer skills.