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AWTEvent
Font
FontMetrics
Component
Graphics
Object Color
Container
Panel Applet
Frame
Dialog
Window
JComponent
JApplet
JFrame
JDialog
Swing Components
in the javax.swing package
Lightweight
Heavyweight
Classes in the javax.swing
package
1
LayoutManager
*
JComponent
JButton
JMenuItem
JCheckBoxMenuItem
AbstractButton
JComponent
JMenu
.JRadioButtonMenuItem
.JToggleButton JCheckBox
JRadioButton
.JComboBox
.JInternalFrame .JLayeredPane
.JList .JMenuBar .JOptionPane
.JPopupMenu
.JProgressBar
.JPane
.JFileChooser .JScrollBar .JScrollPane
.JSeparator
.JSplitPane
.JSlider .JTabbedPane
.JTable
.JTableHeader
.JTextField .JTextComponent
.JEditorPane
.JTextArea
.JToolBar
.JToolTip
.JTree
.JRootPane
.JPanel
.JPasswordField
.JColorChooser
.JLabel
AWT (Optional)
AWTEvent
Font
FontMetrics
Component
Graphics
Object Color
Canvas
Button
TextComponent
Label
List
CheckBoxGroup
CheckBox
Choice
Container Panel Applet
Frame
Dialog FileDialog
Window
TextField
TextArea
MenuComponent
MenuItem
MenuBar
Menu
Scrollbar
LayoutManager
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User Interface
Components (UI)
Panel
Panel
Panel
UI
Panel
UI
Panel
UI
Applet
Panel
User Interface
Components
Panel
User Interface
Components
Panel
User Interface
Components
Panel
User Interface
Components
panel
Pull-down Menus
Creating Frames
import javax.swing.*;
public class MyFrame
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test Frame");
frame.setSize(400, 300);
frame.setVisible(true);
// frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(
JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
}
Run
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frameHeight
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Adding Components into a Frame
// Add a button into the frame
frame.getContentPane().add(
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Run
MyFrameWithComponents
Layout Managers
)Java’s layout managers provide a level of
abstraction to automatically map your user
interface on all windowing systems.
)The UI components are placed in
containers. Each container has a layout
manager to arrange the UI components
within the container.
Kinds of Layout Managers
)FlowLayout
)GridLayout
)BorderLayout
)CardLayout
)GridBagLayout
Example 8.1
Testing the FlowLayout Manager
The components are arranged in the container
from left to right in the order in which they
were added. When one row becomes filled, a
new row is started.
RunShowFlowLayout
FlowLayout Constructors
) public FlowLayout(int align, int hGap, int vGap)
Constructs a new FlowLayout with a specified alignment,
horizontal gap, and vertical gap. The gaps are the distances in
pixel between components.
) public FlowLayout(int alignment)
Constructs a new FlowLayout with a specified alignment and a
default gap of five pixels for both horizontal and vertical.
) public FlowLayout()
Constructs a new FlowLayout with a default
center alignment and a default gap of five pixels
for both horizontal and vertical.
Example 8.2
Testing the GridLayout Manager
The GridLayout manager arranges components
in a grid (matrix) formation with the number of
rows and columns defined by the constructor. The
components are placed in the grid from left to
right starting with the first row, then the second,
and so on.
RunShowGridLayout
GridLayout Constructors
) public GridLayout(int rows,
int columns)
Constructs a new GridLayout with the
specified number of rows and columns.
) public GridLayout(int rows, int
columns, int hGap, int vGap)
Constructs a new GridLayout with the
specified number of rows and columns,
along with specified horizontal and
vertical gaps between components.
Example 8.3
Testing the BorderLayout Manager
add(Component,
constraint), where
constraint is
BorderLayout.East,
BorderLayout.South,
BorderLayout.West",
BorderLayout.North", or
BorderLayout.Center.
The BorderLayout
manager divides the
window into five areas:
East, South, West,
North, and Center.
Components are added
to a BorderLayout by
using
ShowBorderLayout
Run
Using Panels as Containers
)Panels act as smaller containers for
grouping user interface components.
)It is recommended that you place the user
interface components in panels and place
the panels in a frame. You can also place
panels in a panel.
Example 8.4 Testing Panel
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Drawing on Panels
JPanel
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The Color Class
Color c = new Color(r, g, b);
r, g, and b specify a color by its red, green,
and blue components.
Example:
Color c = new Color(128, 100, 100);
Setting Colors
You can use the following methods to set the
component’s background and foreground colors:
setBackground(Color c)
setForeground(Color c)
Example:
setBackground(Color.yellow);
setForeground(Color.red);
The Font Class
Font myFont = Font(name, style,
size);
Example:
Font myFont = new Font("SansSerif ",
Font.BOLD, 16);
Font myFont = new Font("Serif",
Font.BOLD+Font.ITALIC, 12);
Setting Fonts
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
Font myFont = new Font("Times", Font.BOLD, 16);
g.setFont(myFont);
g.drawString("Welcome to Java", 20, 40);
//set a new font
g.setFont(new Font("Courier", Font.BOLD+Font.ITALIC,
12));
g.drawString("Welcome to Java", 20, 70);
}
The FontMetrics Class
By
Leading
Ascent
Descent
seline
Height
Get FontMetrics
) g.getFontMetrics(Font f);
or
) g.getFontMetrics();
) public int getAscent()
) public int getDescent()
) public int getLeading()
) public int getHeight()
) public int stringWidth(String str)
Example 8.5
Using FontMetrics
) Objective: Display “Welcome to Java” in
SansSerif 20-point bold, centered in the frame.
(0,0)
(120, 100)
x
y
(120, 0)
(0, 100)
TestFontMetrics
Run
Drawing Geometric Figures
) Drawing Lines
) Drawing Rectangles
) Drawing Ovals
) Drawing Arcs
) Drawing Polygons
Drawing Lines
drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
(x
1
, y
1
)
(x
2
, y
2
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Drawing Rectangles
)drawRect(x, y, w, h);
)fillRect(x, y, w, h);
(x, y)
w
h
Drawing Rounded Rectangles
)drawRoundRect(x, y, w, h, aw, ah);
)fillRoundRect(x, y, w, h, aw, ah);
(x, y)
w
h
ah
aw
Drawing Ovals
)drawOval(x, y, w, h);
)fillOval(x, y, w, h);
(x, y)
w
h
Drawing Arcs
) drawArc(x, y, w, h, angle1, angle2);
) fillArc(x, y, w, h, angle1, angle2);
(x, y)
w
h
angle1
angle2
Drawing Polygons
int x[] = {40, 70, 60, 45, 20};
int y[] = {20, 40, 80, 45, 60};
g.drawPolygon(x, y, x.length);
g.fillPolygon(x, y, x.length);
(x[0], y[0])
(x[1], y[1])
(x[2], y[2])
(x[3], y[3])
(x[4], y[4])
Example 8.6 Drawing a Clock
) Objective: Use drawing and trigonometric
methods to draw a clock showing the specified
hour, minute, and second in a frame.
9
3
12
6
(xCenter,yCenter)
(xEnd,yEnd)
DrawClock
handLength
,
DisplayClock
Run
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ListSelectionEvent
Selected User Actions
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