函数名: sbrk 功 能: 改变数据段空间位置 用 法: char *sbrk(int incr); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> #include <alloc.h> int main(void) { printf("Changing allocation with sbrk()\n"); printf("Before sbrk() call: %lu bytes free\n", (unsigned long) coreleft()); sbrk(1000); printf(" After sbrk() call: %lu bytes free\n", (unsigned long) coreleft()); return 0; } 函数名: scanf 功 能: 执行格式化输入 用 法: int scanf(char *format[,argument,...]); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { char label[20]; char name[20]; int entries = 0; int loop, age; double salary; struct Entry_struct { char name[20]; int age; float salary; } entry[20]; /* Input a label as a string of characters restricting to 20 characters */ printf("\n\nPlease enter a label for the chart: "); scanf("%20s", label); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ /* Input number of entries as an integer */ printf("How many entries will there be? (less than 20) "); scanf("%d", &entries); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ /* input a name restricting input to only letters upper or lower case */ for (loop=0;loop<entries;++loop) { printf("Entry %d\n", loop); printf(" Name : "); scanf("%[A-Za-z]", entry[loop].name); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ /* input an age as an integer */ printf(" Age : "); scanf("%d", &entry[loop].age); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ /* input a salary as a float */ printf(" Salary : "); scanf("%f", &entry[loop].salary); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ } /* Input a name, age and salary as a string, integer, and double */ printf("\nPlease enter your name, age and salary\n"); scanf("%20s %d %lf", name, &age, &salary); /* Print out the data that was input */ printf("\n\nTable %s\n",label); printf("Compiled by %s age %d $%15.2lf\n", name, age, salary); printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n"); for (loop=0;loop<entries;++loop) printf("%4d | %-20s | %5d | %15.2lf\n", loop + 1, entry[loop].name, entry[loop].age, entry[loop].salary); printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n"); return 0; } 函数名: searchpath 功 能: 搜索DOS路径 用 法: char *searchpath(char *filename); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> #include <dir.h> int main(void) { char *p; /* Looks for TLINK and returns a pointer to the path */ p = searchpath("TLINK.EXE"); printf("Search for TLINK.EXE : %s\n", p); /* Looks for non-existent file */ p = searchpath("NOTEXIST.FIL"); printf("Search for NOTEXIST.FIL : %s\n", p); return 0; } 函数名: sector 功 能: 画并填充椭圆扇区 用 法: void far sector(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int midx, midy, i; int stangle = 45, endangle = 135; int xrad = 100, yrad = 50; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; /* loop through the fill patterns */ for (i=EMPTY_FILL; i<USER_FILL; i++) { /* set the fill style */ setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor()); /* draw the sector slice */ sector(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, xrad, yrad); getch(); } /* clean up */ closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: segread 功 能: 读段寄存器值 用 法: void segread(struct SREGS *segtbl); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> #include <dos.h> int main(void) { struct SREGS segs; segread(&segs); printf("Current segment register settings\n\n"); printf("CS: %X DS: %X\n", segs.cs, segs.ds); printf("ES: %X SS: %X\n", segs.es, segs.ss); return 0; } 函数名: setactivepage 功 能: 设置图形输出活动页 用 法: void far setactivepage(int pagenum); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* select a driver and mode that supports */ /* multiple pages. */ int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode; int x, y, ht; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2; ht = textheight("W"); /* select the off screen page for drawing */ setactivepage(1); /* draw a line on page #1 */ line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy()); /* output a message on page #1 */ settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #1:"); outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to halt:"); /* select drawing to page #0 */ setactivepage(0); /* output a message on page #0 */ outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #0."); outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to view page #1:"); getch(); /* select page #1 as the visible page */ setvisualpage(1); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setallpallette 功 能: 按指定方式改变所有的调色板颜色 用 法: void far setallpallette(struct palette, far *pallette); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; struct palettetype pal; int color, maxcolor, ht; int y = 10; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } maxcolor = getmaxcolor(); ht = 2 * textheight("W"); /* grab a copy of the palette */ getpalette(&pal); /* display the default palette colors */ for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++) { setcolor(color); sprintf(msg, "Color: %d", color); outtextxy(1, y, msg); y += ht; } /* wait for a key */ getch(); /* black out the colors one by one */ for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++) { setpalette(color, BLACK); getch(); } /* restore the palette colors */ setallpalette(&pal); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setaspectratio 功 能: 设置图形纵横比 用 法: void far setaspectratio(int xasp, int yasp); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int xasp, yasp, midx, midy; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; setcolor(getmaxcolor()); /* get current aspect ratio settings */ getaspectratio(&xasp, &yasp); /* draw normal circle */ circle(midx, midy, 100); getch(); /* claer the screen */ cleardevice(); /* adjust the aspect for a wide circle */ setaspectratio(xasp/2, yasp); circle(midx, midy, 100); getch(); /* adjust the aspect for a narrow circle */ cleardevice(); setaspectratio(xasp, yasp/2); circle(midx, midy, 100); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setbkcolor 功 能: 用调色板设置当前背景颜色 用 法: void far setbkcolor(int color); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* select a driver and mode that supports */ /* multiple background colors. */ int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode; int bkcol, maxcolor, x, y; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } /* maximum color index supported */ maxcolor = getmaxcolor(); /* for centering text messages */ settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2; /* loop through the available colors */ for (bkcol=0; bkcol<=maxcolor; bkcol++) { /* clear the screen */ cleardevice(); /* select a new background color */ setbkcolor(bkcol); /* output a messsage */ if (bkcol == WHITE) setcolor(EGA_BLUE); sprintf(msg, "Background color: %d", bkcol); outtextxy(x, y, msg); getch(); } /* clean up */ closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setblock 功 能: 修改先前已分配的DOS存储段大小 用 法: int setblock(int seg, int newsize); 程序例: #include <dos.h> #include <alloc.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(void) { unsigned int size, segp; int stat; size = 64; /* (64 x 16) = 1024 bytes */ stat = allocmem(size, &segp); if (stat == -1) printf("Allocated memory at segment: %X\n", segp); else { printf("Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %d\n", stat); exit(1); } stat = setblock(segp, size * 2); if (stat == -1) printf("Expanded memory block at segment: %X\n", segp); else printf("Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %d\n", stat); freemem(segp); return 0; } 函数名: setbuf 功 能: 把缓冲区与流相联 用 法: void setbuf(FILE *steam, char *buf); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> /* BUFSIZ is defined in stdio.h */ char outbuf[BUFSIZ]; int main(void) { /* attach a buffer to the standard output stream */ setbuf(stdout, outbuf); /* put some characters into the buffer */ puts("This is a test of buffered output.\n\n"); puts("This output will go into outbuf\n"); puts("and won't appear until the buffer\n"); puts("fills up or we flush the stream.\n"); /* flush the output buffer */ fflush(stdout); return 0; } 函数名: setcbrk 功 能: 设置Control-break 用 法: int setcbrk(int value); 程序例: #include <dos.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { int break_flag; printf("Enter 0 to turn control break off\n"); printf("Enter 1 to turn control break on\n"); break_flag = getch() - 0; setcbrk(break_flag); if (getcbrk()) printf("Cntrl-brk flag is on\n"); else printf("Cntrl-brk flag is off\n"); return 0; } 函数名: setcolor 功 能: 设置当前画线颜色 用 法: void far setcolor(int color); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* select a driver and mode that supports */ /* multiple drawing colors. */ int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode; int color, maxcolor, x, y; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } /* maximum color index supported */ maxcolor = getmaxcolor(); /* for centering text messages */ settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2; /* loop through the available colors */ for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++) { /* clear the screen */ cleardevice(); /* select a new background color */ setcolor(color); /* output a messsage */ sprintf(msg, "Color: %d", color); outtextxy(x, y, msg); getch(); } /* clean up */ closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setdate 功 能: 设置DOS日期 用 法: void setdate(struct date *dateblk); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> #include <process.h> #include <dos.h> int main(void) { struct date reset; struct date save_date; getdate(&save_date); printf("Original date:\n"); system("date"); reset.da_year = 2001; reset.da_day = 1; reset.da_mon = 1; setdate(&reset); printf("Date after setting:\n"); system("date"); setdate(&save_date); printf("Back to original date:\n"); system("date"); return 0; } 函数名: setdisk 功 能: 设置当前磁盘驱动器 用 法: int setdisk(int drive); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> #include <dir.h> int main(void) { int save, disk, disks; /* save original drive */ save = getdisk(); /* print number of logic drives */ disks = setdisk(save); printf("%d logical drives on the system\n\n", disks); /* print the drive letters available */ printf("Available drives:\n"); for (disk = 0;disk < 26;++disk) { setdisk(disk); if (disk == getdisk()) printf("%c: drive is available\n", disk + 'a'); } setdisk(save); return 0; } 函数名: setdta 功 能: 设置磁盘传输区地址 用 法: void setdta(char far *dta); 程序例: #include <process.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <dos.h> int main(void) { char line[80], far *save_dta; char buffer[256] = "SETDTA test!"; struct fcb blk; int result; /* get new file name from user */ printf("Enter a file name to create:"); gets(line); /* parse the new file name to the dta */ parsfnm(line, &blk, 1); printf("%d %s\n", blk.fcb_drive, blk.fcb_name); /* request DOS services to create file */ if (bdosptr(0x16, &blk, 0) == -1) { perror("Error creating file"); exit(1); } /* save old dta and set new dta */ save_dta = getdta(); setdta(buffer); /* write new records */ blk.fcb_recsize = 256; blk.fcb_random = 0L; result = randbwr(&blk, 1); printf("result = %d\n", result); if (!result) printf("Write OK\n"); else { perror("Disk error"); exit(1); } /* request DOS services to close the file */ if (bdosptr(0x10, &blk, 0) == -1) { perror("Error closing file"); exit(1); } /* reset the old dta */ setdta(save_dta); return 0; } 函数名: setfillpattern 功 能: 选择用户定义的填充模式 用 法: void far setfillpattern(char far *upattern, int color); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int maxx, maxy; /* a user defined fill pattern */ char pattern[8] = {0x00, 0x70, 0x20, 0x27, 0x24, 0x24, 0x07, 0x00}; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } maxx = getmaxx(); maxy = getmaxy(); setcolor(getmaxcolor()); /* select a user defined fill pattern */ setfillpattern(pattern, getmaxcolor()); /* fill the screen with the pattern */ bar(0, 0, maxx, maxy); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setfillstyle 功 能: 设置填充模式和颜色 用 法: void far setfillstyle(int pattern, int color); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> /* the names of the fill styles supported */ char *fname[] = { "EMPTY_FILL", "SOLID_FILL", "LINE_FILL", "LTSLASH_FILL", "SLASH_FILL", "BKSLASH_FILL", "LTBKSLASH_FILL", "HATCH_FILL", "XHATCH_FILL", "INTERLEAVE_FILL", "WIDE_DOT_FILL", "CLOSE_DOT_FILL", "USER_FILL" }; int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int style, midx, midy; char stylestr[40]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; for (style = EMPTY_FILL; style < USER_FILL; style++) { /* select the fill style */ setfillstyle(style, getmaxcolor()); /* convert style into a string */ strcpy(stylestr, fname[style]); /* fill a bar */ bar3d(0, 0, midx-10, midy, 0, 0); /* output a message */ outtextxy(midx, midy, stylestr); /* wait for a key */ getch(); cleardevice(); } /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setftime 功 能: 设置文件日期和时间 用 法: int setftime(int handle, struct ftime *ftimep); 程序例: #include <stdio.h> #include <process.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <io.h> int main(void) { struct ftime filet; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen("TEST.$$$", "w")) == NULL) { perror("Error:"); exit(1); } fprintf(fp, "testing...\n"); /* load ftime structure with new time and date */ filet.ft_tsec = 1; filet.ft_min = 1; filet.ft_hour = 1; filet.ft_day = 1; filet.ft_month = 1; filet.ft_year = 21; /* show current directory for time and date */ system("dir TEST.$$$"); /* change the time and date stamp*/ setftime(fileno(fp), &filet); /* close and remove the temporary file */ fclose(fp); system("dir TEST.$$$"); unlink("TEST.$$$"); return 0; } 函数名: setgraphbufsize 功 能: 改变内部图形缓冲区的大小 用 法: unsigned far setgraphbufsize(unsigned bufsize); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #define BUFSIZE 1000 /* internal graphics buffer size */ int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int x, y, oldsize; char msg[80]; /* set the size of the internal graphics buffer */ /* before making a call to initgraph. */ oldsize = setgraphbufsize(BUFSIZE); /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2; /* output some messages */ sprintf(msg, "Graphics buffer size: %d", BUFSIZE); settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); outtextxy(x, y, msg); sprintf(msg, "Old graphics buffer size: %d", oldsize); outtextxy(x, y+textheight("W"), msg); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setgraphmode 功 能: 将系统设置成图形模式且清屏 用 法: void far setgraphmode(int mode); 程序例: #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int x, y; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2; /* output a message */ settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); outtextxy(x, y, "Press any key to exit graphics:"); getch(); /* restore system to text mode */ restorecrtmode(); printf("We're now in text mode.\n"); printf("Press any key to return to graphics mode:"); getch(); /* return to graphics mode */ setgraphmode(getgraphmode()); /* output a message */ settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); outtextxy(x, y, "We're back in graphics mode."); outtextxy(x, y+textheight("W"), "Press any key to halt:"); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; }