Solution: 10.8.4.2
The nyquist plot is shown in Figure 1.
I II
Re(GH)
Im(GH)
Figure 1: Nyquist Plot
The gain that makes
6
GH(j!)=;180
is shown in Figure 3. For
K
1000
10
;26=20
= 19;;952
The there is one counterclockwise encirclementsincewetraversed the
contour in the clockwise direction, weattachanegative sign to this encir-
clement. The Nyquist equation is then
z = N + P
= 0+4
= 4
and since the contour in the s-plane encircles the left half of the s-plane,
there are four closed loop poles in the left half of the s-plane.
For K>19;;952 there are twocounterclockwise encirclements and the
system is unstable. That is,
z = N +P
= ;2+4
= 2
1
and since the contour in the s-plane encircles the left half of the s-plane,
there are two closed loop poles in the left half of the s-plane, and twointhe
right half plane making the system unstable.
2
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
Phase in Degrees
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
Magnitude in Decibels
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency in Radians/Sec.
Phase in Degrees
Magnitude in Decibels
Figure 2: Bode Magnitude and Phase Plots of GH(s)=
K(s+2)
s(s+1)(s+10)(s+40)
for K = 1000
3
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
Phase in Degrees
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
Magnitude in Decibels
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency in Radians/Sec.
Phase in Degrees
Magnitude in Decibels
Figure 3: Bode Magnitude and Phase Plots of GH(s)=
K(s+2)
s(s+1)(s+10)(s+40)
for K = 1000
4