决胜四级--阅读（1） 1 Crime has its own cycles,a magazine reported some years ago.Police records that were studied for five years from over 2,400 cities and towns show a surprising link between changes in the seasons and crime patterns. The pattern of crime has varied very little over a long period of years.Murder reaches its high during July and August,as do rape and other violent attacks.Murder,moreover,is more than seasonal:it is a weekend crime.It is also a nighttime crime:62 percent of murders are committed between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. Unlike the summer high in crimes of bodily harm,burglary has a different cycle.You are most likely to be robbed between 6 p.m. and 2 a.m. on a Saturday night in December,January,or February.What is the most uncriminal month of all?May—except for one strange statistic.More dog bites are reported in this month than in any other month of the year. 1.The main idea of paragraph 1 is ____. A.crime is a serious social problem B.there is a link between change in the seasons and crime patterns C.crime is not linked to the change in season D.2,400 towns were studied for five years 2.The subject of paragraph 2 is ____. A.Summer cime B.burglary C.murderD.nighttime crime 3.According to the passage,a murder would most likely occur ____. A.on a weekend night in winter B.on a weekend afternoon in summer C.on a Saturday night D.on a weekend night in summer 4.In paragraph 2 “it is also a nighttime crime,”it refers to ____. A.murderB.62 percent C.weekend crimeD.rape 5.In paragraph 3,what is the one strange statistic for May? A.There are more dog bites in May.B.There are more robberies in May. C.There is the most crime in May.D.There are more murders in May. 2 Once a peasant lost his horse and he went to town to buy another.Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse. “This horse is mine,”he said to the man standing by the horse.“Someone stole it from me three days ago.” “How can that be?”the man said.“It has been mine for three years.” “Three years?”said the peasant.“Are you sure?” Then he quickly covered both eyes of the horse with his hands and asked:“Which eye is he blind in?” “The left eye,”said the man. The peasant uncovered the horse’s left eye and people saw it was clear and shining. “Oh,I made a mistake,”said the man.“I meant to say the right eye.” “It’s not blind in either eye,”said the peasant,uncovering the other eye.Then he said to the people around:“It’s clear this man is a thief.” The thief tried to run away,but the people caught him.They took him to the judge ,and the peasant got his horse back. 6.When did the peasant lose his horse? A.Yesterday.B.Three days ago. C.The day before yesterday.D.We don’t know. 7.The peasant depended on ____ to get the horse back. A.his good luckB.the help of other people C.his wisdomD.the mistake made by the thief 8.He recognized his horse when someone was trying to ____ it. A.sellB.hide C.killD.steal 9.Which eye was the horse blind in? A.The left eye.B.The right eye. C.Neither of the eyes.D.Both eyes. 10.The peasant went to town to buy a horse because ____. A.he knew he would meet his horse in town B.his horse was stolen C.his horses were not enough to use and he wanted another one D.his horse was blind and he wanted another one 3 When you are making your speech,try to relax.Speak slowly and clearly and look at the people in your audience.Use simple vocabulary and expressions whenever possible.Pause for a few seconds and then to give your audience a chance to think about what you have said.Make sure that everyone in the room can hear you.If it is a large room or an auditorium,you will probably have to use a microphone. If you follow these simple steps you’ll see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking.In fact,you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches!You’re not convinced yet?Give it a try and see what happens. 11.What is the main idea of the article? A.You can improve your speaking ability. B.A poor speaker can never change. C.You should always make a short speech. D.It is enjoyable to make a speech. 12.What is the main idea of paragraph 1? A.It says it is difficult to improve your speech. B.It doesn’t give any suggestions for improvement. C.It says it is easy to improve your speech. D.It gives some suggestions for how to make a better speech. 13.When you are making your speech,____. A.you should speak very slowly B.you should pause for a few seconds now and then to have a rest C.you should use some flowery sentences to attract your audience D.you should make yourself heard by the audience 14.If the author of this article were speaking to you instead of writing,wh at type of speaker would he or she be? A.Moderator.B.Introducer. C.Lecturer.D.Reporter. 15.The phrase “now and then” means ____. A.right awayB.when you are finished C.occasionallyD.for a while 4 There are some 65 species of New World monkeys.Many of these have very useful an atomical adaptation lacking in their Old World counterparts:the prehensile tail. And in a few species the gripping tail has developed to such an extent that it actually has “fingerprints” on the tip.While of course a tail is not equipped with fingers,it can sometimes be even more useful than an arm or a leg.A spider monkey’s tail,for instance,is longer than its head and body combined,and is frequently used instead of a hand to grasp distant objects.Other monkeys less fortunate are forced to relegate at least one limb to support while they feed.Whereas monkeys endowed with prehensility can hang by their tails while they feast with both hands and feet.A few New World monkeys have also evolved arms and shoulders that are suitable for swinging hand over hand through the tress like the Asiatic Gibbons. 16.The passage mainly discusses ____. A.certain evolutionary advantage of New World monkeys B.feeding habits of the spider monkey C.the development of arms and shoulders in New World monkeys D.some anatomical adaptations of Asiatic Gibbons 17.The author probably believes that a monkey use its prehensile tail especially for ____. A.running over a grassy plain B.supporting itself while eating C.swimming across a river D.defending itself against enemies 18.It can be inferred from the passage that the Asiatic Gibbons and certain New World monkeys are similar in what respect? A.The length of their tails. B.Their mating habits. C.The ability to grip with their feet. D.Its upper body structure. 19.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the information in the passage? A.Some monkeys use their hands to grasp objects. B.A spider monkey has a very long tail. C.A prehensile tail has fingers. D.Asiatic Gibbons can swing through trees. 20.The word “counterpart”can be best replaced by ____. A.a different part. B.the same part C.a part that serves the same purpose as another D.another part that serves the different purpose as the other 答案部分 　 1 短文大意 本文主要讨论了犯罪的规律问题，特别是犯罪同季节之间的联系。一项根据警局档案进行的 调查，证明了该观点。谋杀的高峰期是七八月份，不仅如此谋杀还是一个周末性和夜晚性的 犯罪。但哪个月是犯罪率最低的月份呢?五月份。只不过有一个奇怪的数据，就是该月有更 多的狗伤人案件发生。 1.答案B。 【参考译文】第一段的主要思想是…… 【试题分析】此题考查考生“掌握段落大意”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第一段，“Police records that were studies for five years from over 2,400 cities and towns show a surprising link between changes in the season and crime patterns.”从2400市镇提取的过去五年的警局档案显示：季节变化和犯罪 类型之间有惊人的联系。B)项符合该意，为正确选项。 2.答案C。 【参考译文】第二段的主题是…… 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据已知信息进行推断的”能力。 【详细解答】见原文第二段，该段的主题是murder(谋杀案)，因此C)为正确选项。  3.答案D。 【参考译文】根据短文，谋杀最有可能发生在……。 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据已知信息进行推测”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第二段，“Murder reaches its high during July and August,....Murder,moreover,is more than seasonal:it is a weekend crime.It is also a nighttime crime.”谋杀案高峰期是7、8月份，谋杀不仅具有季节性，它还是周末性及夜晚性的犯罪，由此推知，D为正确选项。 4.答案A。 【参考译文】第二段中提到“它还是种夜间性的犯罪”，它指的是……  【试题分析】此题考查考生“理解文章中某些细节”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第二段，联系上下文知it指代murder,因此A)为正 确答案。 5.答案A。 【参考译文】在第三段中提到，什么是五月份的奇怪数据? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“辨认事实”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文最后一段，“What is the most uncriminal month of all?May-except for one strange statistic.More dog bites are reported in this month...”哪个是犯罪率最低的月份?五月——除了一个奇怪的数据，该月上报了更多的狗咬伤人案件…，因此推知，A为正确答案。 2 短文大意 本文讲述的是一位农民如何从窃贼手中夺回被偷的马的故事。曾经有一位农民失窃了一匹马 ，因而他到镇上去再买一匹。结果在马市上他见到了自己失窃的马。农民心生一计，他用手 掩住了马的双眼，问窃贼马哪支眼是瞎的。窃贼先说是左眼，后说是右眼；其实马一点儿也 不瞎。因此在大庭广众之下，窃贼漏了底，农民也夺回了自己的马。 6.答案B。 【参考译文】农民何时丢失了马? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“辨认事实”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第二段，“Some one stole it from me three days ago.”有人三天前偷走了我的马。由此知B为正确选项。 7.答案C。 【参考译文】农民靠……夺回了马。 【试题分析】此考查考生“根据材料进行推理”的能力。 【详细解答】联系上下文知，农民通过自己的智慧，使窃贼败露才找回 了自己的马。因此C)为正确选项。A)好运；B)别人的帮助，D)窃贼犯下的错误。 8.答案A。 【参考译文】他认出了自己的马，当有人要……它的时候。 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据已知信息推理”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第一段，“Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse.”在出 售的马匹中，他认出了自己的马，由此推知，A)为正确答案，B)隐藏，C)屠宰，D)偷窃。 9.答案C。 【参考译文】马的哪只眼瞎了? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“辨认事实”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文倒数第二段，“It’s not blind in either eye.. .”它两眼均不瞎，因此C)为正确选项。 10.答案B。 【参考译文】农民去城里买马是因为…… 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据材料推理”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第一句，“Once a peasant lost his horse,and he went to town to buy another.”曾经一位农民丢失了一匹马，因而他去城里再买一匹，因此B)为正确选项。 　 3 短文大意 本文讨论了演讲时应注意的问题。第一，吐词要缓慢而清淅，要目视观众；第二，要尽量 使用简单的词语和词组；第三，停顿片刻，给听众以理解消化的机会；第四，要使听众听得 清你的说话，如果空间较大，可使用麦克风。 11.答案A。 【参考译文】文章的大意是什么? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“掌握全文宗旨及大意”的能力。 【详细解答】通读全文，使用排除法做该题。B)A poor speaker can never change.表达能 力差无法改进。C)You should always make a short speech.演讲要尽量简短。D)做演讲是 一种享受。显然上述三项均不是文章的主要思想，最佳选项A)You can improve your speaking ability.表达能力是可以提高的。 12.答案D。 【参考译文】第一段的主要思想是什么? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“掌握段落大意”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第一段，该段中作者就如何做好演讲提供了几点建 议。D)项符合该意，为正确答案。 13.答案D。 【参考译文】当你做演讲时…… 【试题分析】此题考查考生“辨认事实”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文第一段，“Make sure that everyone in the room can hear.”确保房间里的每个人都听得见。D)项正为该意，为正确选项。 14.答案C。 【参考译文】如果文章的作者不是写而是对着你交谈，他或她应是哪类人? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据已知信息进行推测”的能力。 【详细解答】从全文作者的表达方式可看出，作者最可能是一位讲师。 A)调解人，B)介绍人，D)记者。 15.答案C。 【参考译文】词组“now and then”的意思是…… 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据上下文判断词组含义”的能力。 【详细解答】该题考查对短语的理解。now and then即为occasionally 偶尔地，间或地，A)马上，B)当你完蛋了的时候，D)一会儿。 4 短文大意 本文主要讨论了美洲猴子的一些进化优势。特别是有了卷尾他们可悬挂在空中，腾出上下肢 来进食；而其他的一些猴子就没有那么幸运了。另外他们还有进化了的上臂和肩，可以象亚 洲长臂猿那样在树林中自由穿行。 16.答案A。 【参考译文】本文主要谈论的是…… 【试题分析】此题考查考生“掌握全文宗旨及大意”的能力。 【详细解答】通读全文，作者主要阐述了美洲猴子的一些进化优势。A) 项即为该意，为正确 答案。B)蛛猴的饮食习惯，C)美洲猴子的胳膊和肩膀的演变，D)亚洲长臂猿的部分生理进化。  17.答案B。 【参考译文】作者可能认为猴子使用卷尾尤其是为了…… 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据材料进行推理”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文“Whereas monkeys endowed with prehensility can hang by their tails while they feast with both hands and feet.”然而带卷尾的猴可以尾悬空以腾出 上下肢来进食。因此B)为正确选项。 18.答案D。 【参考译文】从文中可推知亚洲长臂猿和某些猴子在哪一方面相似? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据已知信息推理”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文“A few New World monkeys have also evolved arms and shoulders that are suitable for swinging hand over hand through the trees like the Asiatic Gibbon.”一些美洲猴子同样有进化了的可在树林中穿行的上臂和肩，就像亚洲长臂猿一样 。选项D即含有此意。 19.答案C。 【参考译文】根据文章，以下说法哪一个不正确? 【试题分析】此题考查考生“理解文章中某些细节”的能力。 【详细解答】见原文，“And in a few species the gripping tail has developed to such an extent that it actually has `fingerprints’ on the tip.”该句中fingerprint 含有引号，是比喻意义，因此C为正确选项。 20.答案C。 【参考译文】单词“counterpart”与……意思最接近。 【试题分析】此题考查考生“根据上下文推测词义”的能力。