Medical Spoken English
in Clinical Diagnosis
XUE Huiping
Woman complained of tightness
in abdomen associated with
belching wind which did not
relieve feeling,Symptoms usually
began between 5 and 6 p.m,
lasing several hours,Relieved by
white mixture,
(D=Doctor,P=Patient)
D,Does the pain come on in the
night?
come on,to start
If a cold,headache,or some
other medical condition is
coming on,it is just starting,
e.g,I felt a cold coming on,我觉
得开始感冒了。
P,Not often,
D,When it comes on,do you
get up?
P,Yes,I get up and walk around
and it relieves,
Pain
I have a headache,
I have a splitting headache,（我
头痛得像要裂开了。）
I have a stomach-ache,
I feel a dull pain in the stomach,
I seem to have pain all over,（我
似乎浑身都痛。）
I’m aching all over,（我浑身都
痛。）
It’s a dull sort of pain,and I
don’t know what’s causing it,
It’s not a sharp pain; just
sort of a dull ache,
It all began yesterday,
It started two days ago,
It came on last night,
It hurts terrible,（痛得很厉
害。）
It’s been hanging about for
nearly a week,（这已经持续了将近
一个星期了。）
It keeps hanging on,（这老是不
好。）
It sort of hung on,（这似乎不见
好。）
Or,Just off and on,（就是时断时
续。）
I’ve got a pain in my back,（背疼）
My eyes have been sore,（眼
睛发痛）
My left foot hurts,
My tooth is aching up again,
I feel shivery and I’ve got a
sore throat,（我觉得怕冷发抖，
而且喉咙疼痛。）
The pain’s been keeping me
awake,
D,Does anything but the
white mixture help it?
P,I’ve been on a strict diet
for six months,I never
touch milk,
on a diet,If you are on a diet,
you are eating special kinds of
food because you want to lose
weight,（为减肥）节食
touch,If you do not touch a
particular kind of food or drink,
you never eat it or drink it,吃；
喝
e.g,Drink?
No,she never touches the stuff,
喝酒？不，他从不喝这种东西。
D,Does any position help you?
P,No,It comes on after tea,
about five,I have my main meal
midday,
D,Have you been sick? （你呕
吐过吗？）
(=Any vomiting?)
P,Only at the beginning I was
very sick then,
A sick person has an illness or
some other problem with their
health,
To be sick means to bring up
food through your mouth from
your stomach,
e.g,I think I’m going to be sick,
Note that,George is being sick”
means,George is bringing up
food from his stomach”;,George
is sick” means,George is ill”,
However,“George was sick” can
mean either,George brought up
food from his stomach” or
“George was ill”,
Vomit has the same meaning as
“be sick”,Vomit is a fairly formal
word,
e.g,She was stricken with pain
and began to vomit,
Throw up,In conversation,
some people say throw up
instead of,be sick”,
e.g,I think I’m going to throw
up,
I’ve been throwing up,我一直
呕吐。
D,Do you feel sick?（恶心吗？）
(= Have you got any feeling of
nausea?)
(=Are you feeling nausea?)
P,Yes,I feel sick but I can’t
be sick,（我经常恶心，但不再
呕吐。）
Feel sick,To feel sick means
to feel that you want to be
sick,
e.g,Flying always makes me
feel sick,
Note,
Ill and sick are both used to say
that that someone has a disease
or some other problem with their
health,
e.g,Davis is ill,
Your uncle is very sick,
A sick child …
Most British speakers do not use
ill in front of a noun unless they
are also using an adverb,For
example,they do not talk about
“an ill woman”,but they might
talk about,a seriously ill woman”,
… a terminally ill patient,
American and Scottish speakers
sometimes use ill in front of a
noun without using an adverb,
We had to get medical help for
our ill sisters,
D,Does the pain go through
to the back?
P,No,but it goes under my
armpits,（腋下）
D,What’s your weight been
doing? （你的体重最近怎样？）
(=Have you lost weight recently?)
P,I’ve lost one and half stone
but I’ve been on a fat-free diet
for six months,
(or,My weight fell from 65kg,to
50 kg.)
D,What’s your appetite like?
（你的胃口怎样？）
(=How about your appetite?)
(=Do you have any appetite?)
What’s (your)/(the) …? /
What seems to be the …?
What’s your appetite like?
What’s your complaint? (你有
什么不舒服？ )
=What’s your trouble?
=What’s the trouble?
=What’s bothering you?
=What’s seems to be
bothering you?
=What do you complain of?
=What’s the matter with you?
=What seems to be the
matter?
=What’s wrong with you?
=What hurts you?
=What seems to be the
problem?
=What seems to be the
trouble?
P,Poor as ever,
(=I’ve got a bad appetite.)
D,What about your bowels?
（大便如何？）
(=Are your bowels acting
properly?)
(=Are your bowels regular?)
P,I go twice a day,in the
morning,
D,Is this a life-long habit?
P,Yes,
D,What do the motions look
like? Well-formed,firm? （大
便什么形状？成形，坚实吗？）
P,Yes,
D,What about the color? Has
it changed?
P,No,
D,Are they dark?
P,Yes,
D,Any sign of blood?
P,No,
D,Do they float on the water
when you flush the lavatory?
（你冲洗厕所时，它漂浮在水面
上吗？）
P,No,
D,Have you noticed an
unpleasant smell?
P,No,
D,Have you noticed any
difference in your water?（你
排尿有无异常？）
P,No,
D,Do you have to get up in
the night?（你夜间起来上厕所
吗？）
P,Once,
D,Your water hasn’t been
darker?
P,No,
D,Do you smoke?
P,10 a day,
D,Do you drink?
P,Not much,
D,Have you any other
trouble?
P,No,my angina’s been very
good,（我的心绞痛已经好了。）
I’ve not had much trouble
with that for two years,（这两
年没大犯过。）
-- Or,
I feel absolutely rotten,（我
觉得身体很不舒服、非常虚弱。）
[If you feel or look rotten,you
feel or look ill]
I feel a bit off color,（我觉得
有点不舒服。）
[Here,color means reddish-pink
color in one’s face that shows
that one’s health is good,面色；
血色 ]
I feel so ill,
I feel rather unwell,
I feel very bad,
I really feel terrible,
I think I’m dying,（我难受极
了。）
I’m feeling rather out of sorts
these days,（这些天我觉得身体
很不舒服。）
[If you feel out of sorts,you feel
slightly unwell,discontented,or
annoyed,身体不适；心情不佳；
烦恼 ]
I’m under the weather,（我不
舒服。）
[If you say that you are under
the weather,you mean that
you feel slightly ill.]
My whole body feels weak,
I just feel all pooped out,（我
只觉得精疲力竭。）
[be pooped out,to be very
tired; used mainly in informal
American English.]
D,You’ve also had trouble with
your leg?
P,Yes,they thought it was
thrombosis,
D,When did you first start
with your tummy trouble?
（第一次胃病是什么时候发作
的？）
Tummy,the human stomach or
belly 肚子，胃
P,About 14 years ago,
D,The same,but more
bothersome now? （现在是否更
厉害?）
P,Yes,it’s tighter,（病情更重
了。）
Warning,
1) You do not say that someone
becomes,iller” or,more ill”,You
say that they become worse,
2) You do not use ill or sick to
say that someone has received
an injury,You say that they are
injured or hurt,
D,Have you ever been
jaundiced? （得过黄疸吗？）
P,No,
D,Is your tummy swollen
when you feel like this? （犯
病时肚胀吗？）
P,It feels as though I’m
going to burst,（我觉得肚子快
要爆炸了。）
D,Well,I’d like to have a look
at you,（检查一下） Will you
get undressed and lie on the
couch please? （请脱去衣服，
躺在检查床上。）
Or,
Lie down on the couch there,
Let me just see,
Lie down on the couch there,
Let me examine your belly,
Would you mind taking off all
your clothes except your pants
(for men)/except your pants and
bra奶罩 (for women)? Lie on the
couch and cover yourself with the
blanket,
Well,let’s see,
Now slip off your coat and
shirt,please,
Strip to your waist,please.把
上身衣服脱掉
Roll your sleeve up,
Slip your shoes off and hop
up on the bed,
Slip off your shoes and socks,
Let me check your lungs and
heart,
Let me listen to your lungs and
heart,
Let me examine your stomach,
Let me sound your lungs,(叩
诊 )
Unbutton your shirt and let
me listen to your lungs,
Open your mouth and say
“Ah”,
Open your mouth please,and
show me your tongue,
Put this thermometer under
your tongue,
I’ll have your temperature
taken,
Well,I’d better take your
blood pressure,
May I take your blood
pressure?
Let me take your blood
pressure,
Clinical Examination
During the examination the
doctor asked the following
questions,
D,Do you suffer from
heartburn?
P,No,
D,Have you had any children?
P,No,
D,Are your hands always cold
and red?
P,Yes,A lovely color in the
winter! （冬天简直红得可爱！）
D,Just hold your breath for a
moment,Breathe through your
mouth,Show me where you get
this pain,Your age?
P,72,
D,Your periods finished
when? （你什么时候停经的。）
P,When I was about 52 or 3,
D,Any tenderness here?
P,It’s a bit sore but not a lot,
D,Does it catch you at all
when you breathe?（你每次呼
吸都觉得痛吗？）
P,No,
D,Have you any pains in your
legs?
(=Do you have any pains in your
legs?)
P,I get cramp （抽筋） a bit
when I’m in bed,
D,More in one leg than the other?
P,I get it in my right leg; that’s
my varicose （静脉曲张） leg,
D,Apart from this,you’ve
had no other serious illness
in the last 14 years?
P,No,
D,I’m going to take a drop of
your blood and I’d like you to
have a stomach X-ray,You’ll
have to come specially,don’t eat
anything before and drink a white
paste which outlines your
stomach and we’ll take some
pictures,
Or,
I think we’d better give you a
few tests,
A blood test is necessary,
Take your blood count first,
please,
You’re to have a blood test,
I’m going to take a throat
culture so we’ll know for sure,
You must have an
electrocardiograph examination,
Well,let’s take an X-ray of
your chest,
Go and have your chest X-
rayed,
BOWELS 大便
Medical words,faeces,stools,
to defaecate
Colloquial words,motion,to
have the bowels opened
Useful questions
How often do you have your
bowels opened?
Is this a life-long habit?
What do the motions look like?
Are they quite well formed?
What about the color? Has it
changed?
Are they darker in color？
Have you ever seen any blood in
your motions?
Have you noticed an unpleasant
smell?
Do you ever have diarrhea or
constipation?
Do you have to go in a hurry?
（上厕所）
Can you hold your motions? （控
制排便）
Do you have to strain(用力 ) to
pass your motions? (tenesmus)
（里急后重,下坠）
Do you take laxatives?
Do the motions float on the water
after flushing the lavatory?
Do you ever have any pain on
passing your motions?
Do you get pain before,during or
after passing your motions?
Do you suffer from wind?
Have you noticed any special
food upsets your bowels?
Have you lost any weight?
Descriptive words
Color,black,brown,clay-like,
colorless-like rice-water (cholera
霍乱 ),dark brown,green,grey,
pale,pea-soup-like,putty-like(油
灰样 ),porridge-like)(麦片粥
样 )(steatorrhoea脂肪痢 ),jelly-like,
tarry(柏油样 ),white,yellow,etc,
Form and consistency(稠度 ),
bloody,bulky,dry,fatty,floating,
friable,frequent,frothy(泡沫样
的 ),greasy(油脂过多的 ),hard,
hard dry balls,loose,purulent(脓
性的 ),slimy(粘液的 ),soft,watery,
well-formed,worms,etc,
Amount,copious,scanty
Odor,offensive (very bad)
A stone is a measurement of
weight which is equal to 14
pounds,or 6.35 kilograms;
used especially to say how
heavy a person is,英石
e.g,She had put on over a
stone,她的体重已增加了 1英石
多。
painful,
1) You say that something is
painful when it makes you feel
pain,
e.g,a long and painful illness
2) If a part of your body is
painful,it hurts,
e.g,My back is so painful that I
can not stand upright,
3) When someone feels pain,you
do not say that they are,painful”,
You say that they are in pain,
e.g,He was in pain and could
not move into a comfortable
position,
Part 2,
D,I see you have had several
attacks of influenza(流行性感
冒 ),Anything else?
P,I’ve had dizziness(头晕目眩 )
and I’ve been sick,
If you feel dizzy,you feel that
you are losing your balance and
are about to fall,
To be sick means to bring up
food through your mouth from
your stomach,
D,When did this start?
P,Two months ago,
D,How often are the attacks?
P,Nearly every day,
D,How long do they last?
P,Some last all day,some a
couple of hours,
“A couple of things or quantities”
means approximately two things
or quantities,You use this
informal expression when you are
not sure of the exact number of
things or quantities you are
referring to and the number is
not important,
D,Does anything bring on
these attacks?
bring on,to cause to occur 引起
（疾病、痛苦、发作等）
You can use the structure
“Something brings on an illness,
pain,or attack”,
P,No,
D,Will you describe one of these
attacks?
P,It starts with a headache —
a throbbing(跳动 ) headache,My
eyes start running,I can’t touch
them,they are so sore(疼痛的 ),
And then the whole house goes
round,Then it goes dark,
D,Do you see flashing lights?
P,No,
D,When you say you go dizzy,
what do you mean?
P,I feel I’ll fall over and the
room spins(旋转 ) round,If I go
to bed,the bed goes round,
fall over,If you fall over from
an upright or standing position,
you become unbalanced and fall
to the ground,lying
lengthways(纵向地 ) or in a heap,
跌倒；摔倒
D,When you move,do you stagger?
stagger,to move or stand
unsteadily,as if you about to fall 蹒
跚；摇晃
P,I’m too scared to move,（吓得
一点都不敢动）
If you are scared,you are very
frightened of someone or something,
and therefore unable to behave
calmly,吃惊的；吓坏了的
D,Have you noticed anything
else?
P,I cough a lot,
D,Do you bring anything up?
（有没有呕吐 vomit/痰 sputum？）
When you bring up food,you
vomit; an informal use,
P,No,
D,Is your hearing affected? Do
you have buzzing(嗡嗡声 ) or
ringing noises?
P,Yes,
D,In both ears?
P,Yes,
D,When you go to bed,do you
sleep?
P,I just lie and it goes off within
a few hours,
If you go off,you fall asleep; an
informal use,入睡
e.g,He went off as soon as his
head touched the pillow,
D,Have you ever woken
up like this?
wake up,When you wake
up or something wakes you
up,you become conscious
again after being asleep,醒来；
唤醒
You can use,like this” or,like
that” when you are drawing
attention to something that you
are doing or that someone else is
doing,像这样（引起对正做之事
的注意）
e.g,Sorry to break in on you like
this(原谅我这样打扰您 ),Dr,Mark,
P,No,It is always in the day,
D,Does movement of the head
cause it?
P,No,
D,If you suddenly get up out of
a chair does it start?
P,No,
D,How long have you been
diabetic(糖尿病 )?
P,Four years,
D,Any other serious illness?
P,I had my gall bladder
removed,
“have sth,done” pattern
Go and have your chest X-
rayed,
You must have your tooth
extracted,
You must have your appendix
removed,
You’ll have to have your
decayed tooth pulled out,
D,Anything else?
P,I had VD[ 性病 (venereal
disease)] nine years ago,I was in
hospital for three weeks and had
a course of injections,
Clinical Examination
D,Take a deep breath in and
hold your breath,Close your
eyes gently,Not too tight,
Look up to the ceiling,Hold
your arms out,Are your
bowels (大便 ) all right?
P,Yes,
D,No trouble with your
water(排尿 )?
P,No,
D,Your periods(绝经 ) finished
some years ago?
P,Yes,Four years ago,
D,Well,there doesn’t seem
anything seriously wrong
with you,I’d like you to have
some X-rays through and a
blood test,
Diagnosing and treating
By the look of it,it should be
a rash,从表面看，这应该是皮疹。
By the sound of it,it’s
bronchitis(支气管炎 ),
It looks like measles,看上去像
麻疹。
It looks as if it’s SLE,看起来这
似乎是红斑狼疮。
It sounds like bronchitis,听起来像
支气管炎。
It sounds as if you’ve caught cold,
听上去你似乎得了感冒。
I should say you’ve caught cold,
感冒
I should think you’ve got the flu,
流行性感冒
You probably have contracted
the flu,你大概得了流行性感冒。
You seem to have picked up
some kind of infection,你似乎
已受了某种感染。
It could be a case of TB,可能
是肺结核病。
It’s inflammation of the skin,
You’re suffering a heart
disease,I’m afraid,
You’re running a temperature.
你在发烧。
You’ve got a drop of fever,你
稍许有点热度。
I don’t think it’s anything
serious,我看这并不严重。
It’s not so serious as it seems,
这并不像表面显示的那么严重。
There’s nothing to be
alarmed about,没什么可大惊小
怪的。
Nothing serious,没什么大问题。
Your case is not very serious,
You’ve got the flu,but not
very serious,
It’s nothing serious,but
you’d better stay in bed,
It’s nothing but a little
infection in the finger tip,这只
不过是指尖有点感染。
You’ll be all right soon,你不久
就会康复的。
=You’ll get over it soon,
I think you need a shot to
deaden the pain first,我看你
先需要打一针止痛。
If your recovery goes on like
this,you can leave in three
days.如果你的康复情况像这样继
续下去，过三天你就可以出院了。
I’ll give you an injection first,我
先来给你打一针。
I’ll have to give you a shot,I’m
afraid,恐怕我先得给你注射一针。
I’m afraid an urgent operation is
necessary,恐怕要立即动手术。
I’m afraid you’ll have to be
operated on for appendicitis,恐怕
你得手术治疗阑尾炎。
Giving prescription and
advice
Here’s prescription for you,
Please take the medicine
according to the instruction,
这是你的药方。请按指示服药。
Here’s a prescription,Have
someone to get it filled,这是
药方。请人把药给你配来。
Here’s a prescription,I’d like
you to take one of these pills
three times a day,这是药方。
你把这些药片每日服三次，每次
一片。
Drink this mixture four times
a day,one measure each time,
这合剂每天服四次，每次一格。
One tablet each time,three
times a day after meal,每日三
次，每次一片，饭后服。
Take a dose three times a day,
每日服三次，每次服一剂。
Take one capsule every four
hours,每四小时服一胶囊。
Take ten c.c,each time,three
times a day,每日三次，每次
10c.c.。
Put a plaster on the sore once
a day,把这药膏每日一次敷贴患
处。
If your fever lingers,come to
me again,
Come back and see me in two
weeks if you’re not feeling
better,
in Clinical Diagnosis
XUE Huiping
Woman complained of tightness
in abdomen associated with
belching wind which did not
relieve feeling,Symptoms usually
began between 5 and 6 p.m,
lasing several hours,Relieved by
white mixture,
(D=Doctor,P=Patient)
D,Does the pain come on in the
night?
come on,to start
If a cold,headache,or some
other medical condition is
coming on,it is just starting,
e.g,I felt a cold coming on,我觉
得开始感冒了。
P,Not often,
D,When it comes on,do you
get up?
P,Yes,I get up and walk around
and it relieves,
Pain
I have a headache,
I have a splitting headache,（我
头痛得像要裂开了。）
I have a stomach-ache,
I feel a dull pain in the stomach,
I seem to have pain all over,（我
似乎浑身都痛。）
I’m aching all over,（我浑身都
痛。）
It’s a dull sort of pain,and I
don’t know what’s causing it,
It’s not a sharp pain; just
sort of a dull ache,
It all began yesterday,
It started two days ago,
It came on last night,
It hurts terrible,（痛得很厉
害。）
It’s been hanging about for
nearly a week,（这已经持续了将近
一个星期了。）
It keeps hanging on,（这老是不
好。）
It sort of hung on,（这似乎不见
好。）
Or,Just off and on,（就是时断时
续。）
I’ve got a pain in my back,（背疼）
My eyes have been sore,（眼
睛发痛）
My left foot hurts,
My tooth is aching up again,
I feel shivery and I’ve got a
sore throat,（我觉得怕冷发抖，
而且喉咙疼痛。）
The pain’s been keeping me
awake,
D,Does anything but the
white mixture help it?
P,I’ve been on a strict diet
for six months,I never
touch milk,
on a diet,If you are on a diet,
you are eating special kinds of
food because you want to lose
weight,（为减肥）节食
touch,If you do not touch a
particular kind of food or drink,
you never eat it or drink it,吃；
喝
e.g,Drink?
No,she never touches the stuff,
喝酒？不，他从不喝这种东西。
D,Does any position help you?
P,No,It comes on after tea,
about five,I have my main meal
midday,
D,Have you been sick? （你呕
吐过吗？）
(=Any vomiting?)
P,Only at the beginning I was
very sick then,
A sick person has an illness or
some other problem with their
health,
To be sick means to bring up
food through your mouth from
your stomach,
e.g,I think I’m going to be sick,
Note that,George is being sick”
means,George is bringing up
food from his stomach”;,George
is sick” means,George is ill”,
However,“George was sick” can
mean either,George brought up
food from his stomach” or
“George was ill”,
Vomit has the same meaning as
“be sick”,Vomit is a fairly formal
word,
e.g,She was stricken with pain
and began to vomit,
Throw up,In conversation,
some people say throw up
instead of,be sick”,
e.g,I think I’m going to throw
up,
I’ve been throwing up,我一直
呕吐。
D,Do you feel sick?（恶心吗？）
(= Have you got any feeling of
nausea?)
(=Are you feeling nausea?)
P,Yes,I feel sick but I can’t
be sick,（我经常恶心，但不再
呕吐。）
Feel sick,To feel sick means
to feel that you want to be
sick,
e.g,Flying always makes me
feel sick,
Note,
Ill and sick are both used to say
that that someone has a disease
or some other problem with their
health,
e.g,Davis is ill,
Your uncle is very sick,
A sick child …
Most British speakers do not use
ill in front of a noun unless they
are also using an adverb,For
example,they do not talk about
“an ill woman”,but they might
talk about,a seriously ill woman”,
… a terminally ill patient,
American and Scottish speakers
sometimes use ill in front of a
noun without using an adverb,
We had to get medical help for
our ill sisters,
D,Does the pain go through
to the back?
P,No,but it goes under my
armpits,（腋下）
D,What’s your weight been
doing? （你的体重最近怎样？）
(=Have you lost weight recently?)
P,I’ve lost one and half stone
but I’ve been on a fat-free diet
for six months,
(or,My weight fell from 65kg,to
50 kg.)
D,What’s your appetite like?
（你的胃口怎样？）
(=How about your appetite?)
(=Do you have any appetite?)
What’s (your)/(the) …? /
What seems to be the …?
What’s your appetite like?
What’s your complaint? (你有
什么不舒服？ )
=What’s your trouble?
=What’s the trouble?
=What’s bothering you?
=What’s seems to be
bothering you?
=What do you complain of?
=What’s the matter with you?
=What seems to be the
matter?
=What’s wrong with you?
=What hurts you?
=What seems to be the
problem?
=What seems to be the
trouble?
P,Poor as ever,
(=I’ve got a bad appetite.)
D,What about your bowels?
（大便如何？）
(=Are your bowels acting
properly?)
(=Are your bowels regular?)
P,I go twice a day,in the
morning,
D,Is this a life-long habit?
P,Yes,
D,What do the motions look
like? Well-formed,firm? （大
便什么形状？成形，坚实吗？）
P,Yes,
D,What about the color? Has
it changed?
P,No,
D,Are they dark?
P,Yes,
D,Any sign of blood?
P,No,
D,Do they float on the water
when you flush the lavatory?
（你冲洗厕所时，它漂浮在水面
上吗？）
P,No,
D,Have you noticed an
unpleasant smell?
P,No,
D,Have you noticed any
difference in your water?（你
排尿有无异常？）
P,No,
D,Do you have to get up in
the night?（你夜间起来上厕所
吗？）
P,Once,
D,Your water hasn’t been
darker?
P,No,
D,Do you smoke?
P,10 a day,
D,Do you drink?
P,Not much,
D,Have you any other
trouble?
P,No,my angina’s been very
good,（我的心绞痛已经好了。）
I’ve not had much trouble
with that for two years,（这两
年没大犯过。）
-- Or,
I feel absolutely rotten,（我
觉得身体很不舒服、非常虚弱。）
[If you feel or look rotten,you
feel or look ill]
I feel a bit off color,（我觉得
有点不舒服。）
[Here,color means reddish-pink
color in one’s face that shows
that one’s health is good,面色；
血色 ]
I feel so ill,
I feel rather unwell,
I feel very bad,
I really feel terrible,
I think I’m dying,（我难受极
了。）
I’m feeling rather out of sorts
these days,（这些天我觉得身体
很不舒服。）
[If you feel out of sorts,you feel
slightly unwell,discontented,or
annoyed,身体不适；心情不佳；
烦恼 ]
I’m under the weather,（我不
舒服。）
[If you say that you are under
the weather,you mean that
you feel slightly ill.]
My whole body feels weak,
I just feel all pooped out,（我
只觉得精疲力竭。）
[be pooped out,to be very
tired; used mainly in informal
American English.]
D,You’ve also had trouble with
your leg?
P,Yes,they thought it was
thrombosis,
D,When did you first start
with your tummy trouble?
（第一次胃病是什么时候发作
的？）
Tummy,the human stomach or
belly 肚子，胃
P,About 14 years ago,
D,The same,but more
bothersome now? （现在是否更
厉害?）
P,Yes,it’s tighter,（病情更重
了。）
Warning,
1) You do not say that someone
becomes,iller” or,more ill”,You
say that they become worse,
2) You do not use ill or sick to
say that someone has received
an injury,You say that they are
injured or hurt,
D,Have you ever been
jaundiced? （得过黄疸吗？）
P,No,
D,Is your tummy swollen
when you feel like this? （犯
病时肚胀吗？）
P,It feels as though I’m
going to burst,（我觉得肚子快
要爆炸了。）
D,Well,I’d like to have a look
at you,（检查一下） Will you
get undressed and lie on the
couch please? （请脱去衣服，
躺在检查床上。）
Or,
Lie down on the couch there,
Let me just see,
Lie down on the couch there,
Let me examine your belly,
Would you mind taking off all
your clothes except your pants
(for men)/except your pants and
bra奶罩 (for women)? Lie on the
couch and cover yourself with the
blanket,
Well,let’s see,
Now slip off your coat and
shirt,please,
Strip to your waist,please.把
上身衣服脱掉
Roll your sleeve up,
Slip your shoes off and hop
up on the bed,
Slip off your shoes and socks,
Let me check your lungs and
heart,
Let me listen to your lungs and
heart,
Let me examine your stomach,
Let me sound your lungs,(叩
诊 )
Unbutton your shirt and let
me listen to your lungs,
Open your mouth and say
“Ah”,
Open your mouth please,and
show me your tongue,
Put this thermometer under
your tongue,
I’ll have your temperature
taken,
Well,I’d better take your
blood pressure,
May I take your blood
pressure?
Let me take your blood
pressure,
Clinical Examination
During the examination the
doctor asked the following
questions,
D,Do you suffer from
heartburn?
P,No,
D,Have you had any children?
P,No,
D,Are your hands always cold
and red?
P,Yes,A lovely color in the
winter! （冬天简直红得可爱！）
D,Just hold your breath for a
moment,Breathe through your
mouth,Show me where you get
this pain,Your age?
P,72,
D,Your periods finished
when? （你什么时候停经的。）
P,When I was about 52 or 3,
D,Any tenderness here?
P,It’s a bit sore but not a lot,
D,Does it catch you at all
when you breathe?（你每次呼
吸都觉得痛吗？）
P,No,
D,Have you any pains in your
legs?
(=Do you have any pains in your
legs?)
P,I get cramp （抽筋） a bit
when I’m in bed,
D,More in one leg than the other?
P,I get it in my right leg; that’s
my varicose （静脉曲张） leg,
D,Apart from this,you’ve
had no other serious illness
in the last 14 years?
P,No,
D,I’m going to take a drop of
your blood and I’d like you to
have a stomach X-ray,You’ll
have to come specially,don’t eat
anything before and drink a white
paste which outlines your
stomach and we’ll take some
pictures,
Or,
I think we’d better give you a
few tests,
A blood test is necessary,
Take your blood count first,
please,
You’re to have a blood test,
I’m going to take a throat
culture so we’ll know for sure,
You must have an
electrocardiograph examination,
Well,let’s take an X-ray of
your chest,
Go and have your chest X-
rayed,
BOWELS 大便
Medical words,faeces,stools,
to defaecate
Colloquial words,motion,to
have the bowels opened
Useful questions
How often do you have your
bowels opened?
Is this a life-long habit?
What do the motions look like?
Are they quite well formed?
What about the color? Has it
changed?
Are they darker in color？
Have you ever seen any blood in
your motions?
Have you noticed an unpleasant
smell?
Do you ever have diarrhea or
constipation?
Do you have to go in a hurry?
（上厕所）
Can you hold your motions? （控
制排便）
Do you have to strain(用力 ) to
pass your motions? (tenesmus)
（里急后重,下坠）
Do you take laxatives?
Do the motions float on the water
after flushing the lavatory?
Do you ever have any pain on
passing your motions?
Do you get pain before,during or
after passing your motions?
Do you suffer from wind?
Have you noticed any special
food upsets your bowels?
Have you lost any weight?
Descriptive words
Color,black,brown,clay-like,
colorless-like rice-water (cholera
霍乱 ),dark brown,green,grey,
pale,pea-soup-like,putty-like(油
灰样 ),porridge-like)(麦片粥
样 )(steatorrhoea脂肪痢 ),jelly-like,
tarry(柏油样 ),white,yellow,etc,
Form and consistency(稠度 ),
bloody,bulky,dry,fatty,floating,
friable,frequent,frothy(泡沫样
的 ),greasy(油脂过多的 ),hard,
hard dry balls,loose,purulent(脓
性的 ),slimy(粘液的 ),soft,watery,
well-formed,worms,etc,
Amount,copious,scanty
Odor,offensive (very bad)
A stone is a measurement of
weight which is equal to 14
pounds,or 6.35 kilograms;
used especially to say how
heavy a person is,英石
e.g,She had put on over a
stone,她的体重已增加了 1英石
多。
painful,
1) You say that something is
painful when it makes you feel
pain,
e.g,a long and painful illness
2) If a part of your body is
painful,it hurts,
e.g,My back is so painful that I
can not stand upright,
3) When someone feels pain,you
do not say that they are,painful”,
You say that they are in pain,
e.g,He was in pain and could
not move into a comfortable
position,
Part 2,
D,I see you have had several
attacks of influenza(流行性感
冒 ),Anything else?
P,I’ve had dizziness(头晕目眩 )
and I’ve been sick,
If you feel dizzy,you feel that
you are losing your balance and
are about to fall,
To be sick means to bring up
food through your mouth from
your stomach,
D,When did this start?
P,Two months ago,
D,How often are the attacks?
P,Nearly every day,
D,How long do they last?
P,Some last all day,some a
couple of hours,
“A couple of things or quantities”
means approximately two things
or quantities,You use this
informal expression when you are
not sure of the exact number of
things or quantities you are
referring to and the number is
not important,
D,Does anything bring on
these attacks?
bring on,to cause to occur 引起
（疾病、痛苦、发作等）
You can use the structure
“Something brings on an illness,
pain,or attack”,
P,No,
D,Will you describe one of these
attacks?
P,It starts with a headache —
a throbbing(跳动 ) headache,My
eyes start running,I can’t touch
them,they are so sore(疼痛的 ),
And then the whole house goes
round,Then it goes dark,
D,Do you see flashing lights?
P,No,
D,When you say you go dizzy,
what do you mean?
P,I feel I’ll fall over and the
room spins(旋转 ) round,If I go
to bed,the bed goes round,
fall over,If you fall over from
an upright or standing position,
you become unbalanced and fall
to the ground,lying
lengthways(纵向地 ) or in a heap,
跌倒；摔倒
D,When you move,do you stagger?
stagger,to move or stand
unsteadily,as if you about to fall 蹒
跚；摇晃
P,I’m too scared to move,（吓得
一点都不敢动）
If you are scared,you are very
frightened of someone or something,
and therefore unable to behave
calmly,吃惊的；吓坏了的
D,Have you noticed anything
else?
P,I cough a lot,
D,Do you bring anything up?
（有没有呕吐 vomit/痰 sputum？）
When you bring up food,you
vomit; an informal use,
P,No,
D,Is your hearing affected? Do
you have buzzing(嗡嗡声 ) or
ringing noises?
P,Yes,
D,In both ears?
P,Yes,
D,When you go to bed,do you
sleep?
P,I just lie and it goes off within
a few hours,
If you go off,you fall asleep; an
informal use,入睡
e.g,He went off as soon as his
head touched the pillow,
D,Have you ever woken
up like this?
wake up,When you wake
up or something wakes you
up,you become conscious
again after being asleep,醒来；
唤醒
You can use,like this” or,like
that” when you are drawing
attention to something that you
are doing or that someone else is
doing,像这样（引起对正做之事
的注意）
e.g,Sorry to break in on you like
this(原谅我这样打扰您 ),Dr,Mark,
P,No,It is always in the day,
D,Does movement of the head
cause it?
P,No,
D,If you suddenly get up out of
a chair does it start?
P,No,
D,How long have you been
diabetic(糖尿病 )?
P,Four years,
D,Any other serious illness?
P,I had my gall bladder
removed,
“have sth,done” pattern
Go and have your chest X-
rayed,
You must have your tooth
extracted,
You must have your appendix
removed,
You’ll have to have your
decayed tooth pulled out,
D,Anything else?
P,I had VD[ 性病 (venereal
disease)] nine years ago,I was in
hospital for three weeks and had
a course of injections,
Clinical Examination
D,Take a deep breath in and
hold your breath,Close your
eyes gently,Not too tight,
Look up to the ceiling,Hold
your arms out,Are your
bowels (大便 ) all right?
P,Yes,
D,No trouble with your
water(排尿 )?
P,No,
D,Your periods(绝经 ) finished
some years ago?
P,Yes,Four years ago,
D,Well,there doesn’t seem
anything seriously wrong
with you,I’d like you to have
some X-rays through and a
blood test,
Diagnosing and treating
By the look of it,it should be
a rash,从表面看，这应该是皮疹。
By the sound of it,it’s
bronchitis(支气管炎 ),
It looks like measles,看上去像
麻疹。
It looks as if it’s SLE,看起来这
似乎是红斑狼疮。
It sounds like bronchitis,听起来像
支气管炎。
It sounds as if you’ve caught cold,
听上去你似乎得了感冒。
I should say you’ve caught cold,
感冒
I should think you’ve got the flu,
流行性感冒
You probably have contracted
the flu,你大概得了流行性感冒。
You seem to have picked up
some kind of infection,你似乎
已受了某种感染。
It could be a case of TB,可能
是肺结核病。
It’s inflammation of the skin,
You’re suffering a heart
disease,I’m afraid,
You’re running a temperature.
你在发烧。
You’ve got a drop of fever,你
稍许有点热度。
I don’t think it’s anything
serious,我看这并不严重。
It’s not so serious as it seems,
这并不像表面显示的那么严重。
There’s nothing to be
alarmed about,没什么可大惊小
怪的。
Nothing serious,没什么大问题。
Your case is not very serious,
You’ve got the flu,but not
very serious,
It’s nothing serious,but
you’d better stay in bed,
It’s nothing but a little
infection in the finger tip,这只
不过是指尖有点感染。
You’ll be all right soon,你不久
就会康复的。
=You’ll get over it soon,
I think you need a shot to
deaden the pain first,我看你
先需要打一针止痛。
If your recovery goes on like
this,you can leave in three
days.如果你的康复情况像这样继
续下去，过三天你就可以出院了。
I’ll give you an injection first,我
先来给你打一针。
I’ll have to give you a shot,I’m
afraid,恐怕我先得给你注射一针。
I’m afraid an urgent operation is
necessary,恐怕要立即动手术。
I’m afraid you’ll have to be
operated on for appendicitis,恐怕
你得手术治疗阑尾炎。
Giving prescription and
advice
Here’s prescription for you,
Please take the medicine
according to the instruction,
这是你的药方。请按指示服药。
Here’s a prescription,Have
someone to get it filled,这是
药方。请人把药给你配来。
Here’s a prescription,I’d like
you to take one of these pills
three times a day,这是药方。
你把这些药片每日服三次，每次
一片。
Drink this mixture four times
a day,one measure each time,
这合剂每天服四次，每次一格。
One tablet each time,three
times a day after meal,每日三
次，每次一片，饭后服。
Take a dose three times a day,
每日服三次，每次服一剂。
Take one capsule every four
hours,每四小时服一胶囊。
Take ten c.c,each time,three
times a day,每日三次，每次
10c.c.。
Put a plaster on the sore once
a day,把这药膏每日一次敷贴患
处。
If your fever lingers,come to
me again,
Come back and see me in two
weeks if you’re not feeling
better,
