absolute reproductive value|绝对生殖值\r\n abundance|多度\r\n abyssal zone|深海带\r\n acclimation|驯化\r\n accumulation horizon|淀积层\r\n Acid precipitation|酸沉降\r\n Acid rain|酸雨\r\n aestivation|夏眠\r\n age structure|年龄结构\r\n age-specific life table|特定年龄生命表\r\n Agricultural eco-engineering|农业生态工程\r\n Agricultural ecology, agroecology|农业生态学\r\n Agricultural economical zoning|农业经济区位\r\n Agricultural resources|农业资源\r\n Agroecosystem|农业生态系统\r\n agroecosystem|农业生态系统\r\n Agroforestry|农林业系统\r\n Allee’s principle|阿利氏群聚原则\r\n alleles|等位基因\r\n allelochemic|异种信息素/种间外激素\r\n Allelochemicals|化感物质\r\n Allelopathy|化感作用\r\n Allen’s rule|阿伦法则\r\n allogenic succession|异发演替\r\n allopatric speciation|异域性物种\r\n altruism|利他行为\r\n Artificial auxiliary energy|人工辅助能\r\n Artificial direct regulation|人工直接调控\r\n Artificial information flow|人工信息流\r\n asexual reproduction|无性生殖\r\n association|群丛\r\n association group|群丛组\r\n association table|群丛表\r\n association unit theory|群丛单位理论\r\n associations|群丛\r\n Autecology|个体生态学\r\n autogenic succession|自发演替\r\n autotrophs|自养生物\r\n Auxiliary energy|辅助能\r\n balancing selection hypothesize|平衡说\r\n basal area|底面积\r\n Bergman’s rule|贝格曼规律\r\n bethal zone|半深海带\r\n biocoenosis|生物群落\r\n bioconcentration|生物浓缩\r\n Biodynamic agriculture|生物动力农业\r\n Biogecochemical cycle|生物地球化学循环\r\n Biological agriculture|生物农业\r\n Biological control|生物防治\r\n Biological energy subsidies|生物辅助能\r\n biological enrichment|生物富集\r\n Biological micro-cycle|生物小循环\r\n Biological oxygen demand (BOd)|生化需氧量（生化耗氧量）\r\n biomagnification|生物放大\r\n Biomass|生物量\r\n biomass|生物量\r\n biome|生物带\r\n Bionomic strategies|生态对策\r\n bionomic strategy|生态对策\r\n biosphere|生物圈\r\n bottle neck|瓶颈\r\n C3 plant|C3植物\r\n C4 plant|C4植物\r\n CAFs|=Controlled availability fertilizers控效肥料\r\n CAM plant|CAM植物\r\n cannibalism|同种相食\r\n Capital flow|资金流\r\n carnivores|食肉动物\r\n carring capacity|负荷量\r\n Carrying capacity|环境容纳量\r\n catastrophic|灾难性因素\r\n Ch|=chamaephytes,地上芽植物\r\n chamaephytes|地上芽植物\r\n character displacement|特征替代\r\n cheliophytes|阴性植物\r\n Chemical ecology|化学生态学\r\n Chemical oxygen demand (COd)|化学耗氧量\r\n Chinese Ecological Agriculture|中国生态农业\r\n climate climax|气候顶级\r\n climate school|气候学派\r\n climax|顶级群落\r\n Climax|顶极群落\r\n climax community|顶级群落\r\n cline|渐变群\r\n closed community|封闭群落\r\n clumped|集群分布\r\n coadapted system|协同适应系统\r\n coarse grained|粗粒性分布\r\n Coase’s theory|高斯理论\r\n co-dynamics|相互动态\r\n Coevolution|协同进化\r\n co-evolution|协同进化\r\n cohort|同生群\r\n cold desert|冷荒漠\r\n colonization|定居, 建群\r\n coloration|色泽\r\n Commensalisms|偏利作用\r\n communities in littoral zone|沿岸生物群落\r\n communities in the limnetic zone|湖沼带生物群落\r\n communities in the profundal zone|深水带生物群落\r\n community|群落\r\n Community|群落\r\n Community ecology|群落生态学\r\n community matrix|群落矩阵\r\n community organization|群落组织\r\n companion species|伴生种\r\n compen-satory predation|补偿性捕食\r\n Competition|竞争\r\n competition coefficient|竞争系数\r\n Competition exclusion principle|竞争排斥原理\r\n competition hypothesis|竞争假说\r\n competitive exclusion|竞争排除\r\n competive lottery|抽彩式竞争\r\n Components structure|组分结构\r\n conservation|保守主义者\r\n conspicuousness|显著度\r\n constancy|恒有度\r\n contest competition|干扰竞争\r\n contest type of competition|争夺型竞争\r\n continental rise|大陆隆\r\n continental shelf|大陆架\r\n continental slope|大陆坡\r\n Controlled availability fertilizers|=CAFs,控效肥料\r\n convergent adaptation|趋同适应\r\n convergent oscillation|趋同波动\r\n cost of gene recombination|基因重组价\r\n cost of mating|交配价\r\n cost of meiosis|减数分裂价\r\n courtship behavior|求偶行为\r\n coverage|盖度\r\n Cr|=cryptophytes隐芽植物\r\n Crop productivity potential|作物生产潜力\r\n crude density|原始密度\r\n cryptophytes|隐芽植物\r\n decomposer|分解者\r\n decomposition|分解作用\r\n delayed density dependence|延后密度制约\r\n density effect|密度效应\r\n density ratio|密度比\r\n density-dependent|密度制约\r\n density-independent|非密度制约\r\n desertification|土地沙漠化\r\n deterministic model|决定模型\r\n detrial food chain|碎食物链(食碎生物食物链)\r\n detritus feeder|食碎生物\r\n detritus food chain|腐食食物链\r\n development|发育\r\n diagrammatic life table|图解式生命表\r\n diapause|滞育\r\n differential species|区别种\r\n diffuse competition|分散竞争\r\n diominant-submissive|支配—从属\r\n directional selection|定向选择\r\n discrete generation|离散世代\r\n disruptive selection|分裂选择\r\n disturbance climax/disclimax|偏途顶级\r\n divergent oscillation|趋异波动\r\n dominance|优势度\r\n dominant species|建群种,优势种\r\n dominant-submissive|支配—从属关系\r\n dry desert|干荒漠\r\n dynamic classification|动态分类系统\r\n dynamic life table|动态生命表\r\n dynamic-composite life table|动态混合生命表\r\n earth nucleus|地幔\r\n earth’s crust|地核\r\n Eco-economical zoning|生态经济区位\r\n Ecological agriculture|生态农业\r\n Ecological agriculture model|=(pattern)生态农业模式\r\n Ecological amplitude|生态幅\r\n Ecological density|生态密度\r\n ecological density|生态密度\r\n ecological dominance|生态优势\r\n Ecological effect|生态效益\r\n Ecological efficiency|生态效率\r\n Ecological engineering|生态工程\r\n ecological environment|生态环境\r\n ecological equivalent|生态等值种\r\n Ecological factor|生态因子\r\n ecological factor|生态因子\r\n ecological force|生态力\r\n ecological invasion|生态入侵\r\n ecological natality|生态出生率\r\n Ecological pyramid|生态金字塔（生态锥体）\r\n ecological release|生态释放\r\n Ecological succession|演替\r\n Ecological sustainability|生态持续性\r\n Ecology|生态学\r\n Economic effect|经济效益\r\n Economic externality|经济外部性\r\n Ecosystem|生态系统\r\n ecosystem|生态系统\r\n ecosystem development|生态系统的发育\r\n Ecosystem ecology|生态系统生态学\r\n Ecotone|群落交错区（生态交错区）\r\n ecotone hypothesis|生态交错带假说\r\n Ecotope|景观元素（生态点）\r\n Ecotype|生态型\r\n ecotype|生态型\r\n ectotherm|外温动物\r\n Edge effect|边缘效应\r\n edge effect|边缘效应\r\n eitolation phenomenon|黄化现象\r\n Embodied energy|内含能\r\n Emergent property of system|系统的整合特性\r\n emergy|能值\r\n emigration|迁出\r\n endogenous migration|内因性迁移\r\n endotherm|内温动物\r\n Energy|能值\r\n Energy analysis|能流分析\r\n Energy flow chart|能流图\r\n Energy flow path|能流路径\r\n Energy flow structure|能流结构\r\n Energy flowing|能量流\r\n Entropy|熵\r\n environment|环境\r\n environment hormone|环境激素\r\n equilibrium theory|平衡理论\r\n euphotic zone|透光带\r\n euryecious|广栖的\r\n euryhaline|广盐性的\r\n euryhydric|广水性的\r\n euryphagic|广食性的\r\n eurythermal|广温性的\r\n eurytopic species|广适种\r\n Eutrophication|富营养化\r\n eutrophication|富营养化\r\n evergreen hardwood forest|常绿硬材林\r\n Evolution ecology|进化生态学\r\n evolution force|进化力\r\n exogenous migration|外因性迁移\r\n exploitive competition|利用竞争\r\n Exponential growth form|种群指数增长模式\r\n exponetial growth|指数增长\r\n External benefit|收益外泄\r\n External cost|成本外摊\r\n facultative|兼性因素\r\n facultative parthenogenesis|孤雌生殖,兼性孤雌生殖\r\n family selection|家庭选择\r\n farmland ecosystem|农田生态系统\r\n fecundity|生育力\r\n fecundity schedule|生育力表\r\n Feed back|反馈作用\r\n feedback|反馈\r\n feeding niches|取食生态位\r\n filter food|滤食性生物\r\n fine grained|细粒性分布\r\n finite rate of increase|周限增长率\r\n First law of resources economic|资源经济学第一定律\r\n First law of thermodynamics|热力学第一定律\r\n Fish pond-dike system|基塘系统\r\n fitness|合适度\r\n floristic-structural classification|植物区系—结构分类系统\r\n Flow|流\r\n fluctuation|波动\r\n food chain|食物链\r\n Food chain|食物链\r\n Food chain structure|食物链结构\r\n Food web|食物网\r\n formation|群系,植物群系\r\n formation group|群系组\r\n foundational niche|基础生态龛\r\n Free energy|自由能\r\n freshwater ecology|淡水生态学\r\n freshwater ecosystem|淡水生态系统\r\n function response|功能反应\r\n Functional component adundence|功能组分冗余\r\n G|=geophytes地下芽植物\r\n gamete selection|配子选择\r\n gaps|缺口\r\n gaseous cycle|气体循环\r\n geng pool|基因库\r\n geographic variation|地理变异\r\n geographical theory of speciation|物种形成\r\n geometric growth|几何级数增长\r\n geophytes|=(G)地下芽植物\r\n global ecology|全球生态\r\n GP|=net primary production,净初级生产力\r\n gradient hypothesis|梯度假说\r\n grain|粒性\r\n grazer|牧食生物\r\n grazing food chain|捕食食物链\r\n greenhouse effect|温室效应\r\n gregarization pheromone|聚集信息素\r\n gross primary production|总初级生产力\r\n group selection|群体选择,类群选择，群选择。\r\n growth form|生长型\r\n guild|同资源团\r\n habal zone|深渊带\r\n habitat|生境\r\n He|=hemicryptophytes,地面芽植物\r\n heath|石楠群丛\r\n height|高度\r\n hemicryptophytes|=(He)地面芽植物\r\n herbivore|植食\r\n herbivores|植食动物\r\n heterotrophic succession|异养演替\r\n heterotrophs|异养生物\r\n hibernation|冬眠\r\n homeostasis|内稳态,自调节稳态\r\n homeostatic organism|内稳态生物\r\n homeostatic process|内稳定过程\r\n human demography|人口统计学\r\n Human ecology|人类生态学\r\n humus|腐殖质\r\n hydrarch succession|水生演替\r\n hydrosere|水生演替系列\r\n immigration|迁入\r\n importance value|重要值\r\n individual converse rate|个体转化率\r\n industrial melanism|工业黑化现象\r\n inner capacity increase|内禀增长力\r\n inner-environment|内环境\r\n instantaneous rate of increase|瞬间增长率\r\n intensity|强度\r\n interference competition|干扰竞争\r\n intermediate disturbance hypothesis|中度干扰假说\r\n internal distribution pattern|内分布型\r\n interspecfic relationship|种间关系\r\n intertidal zone|潮间带\r\n intraspecific relationship|种内关系\r\n inversely density dependent|反密度制约\r\n Island ecology|岛屿生态学\r\n iteroparity|多次繁殖生物\r\n iteroparous|多次生殖\r\n Jordan’s rule|约丹定律\r\n keystone species|关键种\r\n kin selection|亲属选择\r\n k-strategists|k-策略者\r\n land cover|土地覆盖\r\n land use|土地利用\r\n Landscape ecology|景观生态学\r\n LAS|=leaf area index,叶面积指数\r\n law of constant final yield|最后产量衡值法则\r\n law of the minimum|最小因子法则\r\n law of tolerance|耐受性法则\r\n layer|层\r\n leached layer|淋溶层\r\n leaf area index|=（LAS）,叶面积指数\r\n lentic ecosystem|静水生态系统\r\n life cycle|生活周期\r\n life expectancy|生命期望\r\n life form|生活型\r\n life form spectrum|生活型谱\r\n life history|生活史\r\n life history strategy|生活史对策\r\n lifespan|生活年限\r\n lifetime|寿命\r\n limit of tolerance|忍受性限度\r\n littoral zone|沿岸带\r\n lotic ecosystem|流水生态系统\r\n macroclimate|大气候\r\n macrofauna|大型生物\r\n Marine ecology|海洋生态学\r\n marine ecosystem|海洋生态系统\r\n maximum natality|最大出生率\r\n maximum sustained yield|最大持续生产量\r\n megafauna|巨型生物\r\n mexofauna|中型生物\r\n microclimate|小气候\r\n microcolony|微菌落\r\n microcommunities|小群落\r\n micro-ecosystem|微生态系统\r\n micro-environment|微环境\r\n microfauna|小型生物\r\n microplankton|小型浮游生物\r\n migration|迁徙,迁移\r\n modular organism|构件生物\r\n modules|构件\r\n Molecular ecology|分子生态学\r\n monoclimax theory|单元演替顶级\r\n monocultute|单种养殖\r\n monogamy|单配偶制\r\n monpohagous|单食性\r\n monsoon forest|季风林\r\n mortality|死亡率\r\n mortality curve|死亡曲线\r\n mosaic|镶嵌性\r\n natality|出生率\r\n n-dimensional niche|n维生态龛\r\n negative feedback|负反馈\r\n net primary production|=(GP),净初级生产力\r\n neutrality controversy|中性说论战\r\n niche|生态位\r\n niche compression|生态位压缩\r\n niche separation|生态位分离\r\n niche shift|生态位分离\r\n non-equilibrium theory|非平衡理论\r\n non-homeostatic organism|非内稳态生物\r\n obiotic component|非生物成分\r\n ocean-current|洋流\r\n ohort life table|同群生命表\r\n omnivores|杂食动物\r\n open community|开放群落\r\n opportunist|机会主义者\r\n ordination|排序\r\n ornamentation|修饰\r\n panclimax|泛顶级\r\n pantropical|泛热带区\r\n parabiosphere|副生物圈\r\n parasites|寄生生物\r\n parasitoidism|拟寄生\r\n parent material|母质层\r\n parental care|亲代关怀\r\n parental investment|亲本投资\r\n patchiness|斑块性\r\n pattern|生态农业模式\r\n per capita growth rate|每员增长率\r\n perclimax|前顶级\r\n peritrophic mycorrhizae|周边营养性菌根\r\n Ph|=phanerophytes,高位芽植物\r\n phanerophytes|=(Ph),高位芽植物\r\n phenotype|表现型\r\n photoperiodism|光周期现象\r\n phyplankton|浮游植物\r\n physiognomy|外貌\r\n Physiological ecology|生理生态学\r\n physiological natality|生理出生率\r\n phytochrom|色素\r\n pioneer community|先锋群落\r\n pjarapatric speciation|邻域性物种\r\n plankon|浮游生物\r\n Poission distribution|泊松分布\r\n polyandry|一雌多雄制\r\n polyclimax theory|多元顶级理论\r\n polygamy|多配偶制\r\n polygyny|一雄多雌制\r\n polymorphism|多型现象\r\n polyphagous|多食性的\r\n population|种群\r\n Population ecology|种群生态学\r\n porosity|粒间空隙\r\n positive feedback|正反馈\r\n postclimax|超顶级\r\n predation|捕食者\r\n predator|捕食者\r\n present reproductive value|当年繁殖价值\r\n prevail climax|优势顶级\r\n prey|猎物\r\n prezygotic mechanism|合子前隔离\r\n primary production|初级生产\r\n primary succession|初级演替,原生演替\r\n principle of allocation|分配原理\r\n principle of competitive exclusion|竞争互斥原理\r\n production|生产量\r\n production rate|生产率\r\n productivity|生产力\r\n progressive succession|进展演替\r\n protogynous hermaphriodism|雌雄同体\r\n pyramid of energy|能量金字塔\r\n radiation adaptation|趋异适应\r\n random|随机分布\r\n rare species|偶见种\r\n reaction time lag|反应滞时\r\n reactive species|反映性物种\r\n realized natality|实际出生率\r\n realized nick|实际生态龛\r\n regressive succession|逆行演替\r\n relative frequency|相对频度\r\n relative reproductive value|相对生殖值\r\n reproduction effect|生殖成效\r\n reproductive cost|繁殖成本\r\n reproductive pattern|生殖格局\r\n reproductive time lag|生殖滞时\r\n reproductive value|生殖值\r\n residual reproductive value|剩余繁殖价值\r\n resilient stability|恢复稳定性\r\n resistant stability|抵抗稳定性\r\n Restoration ecology|恢复生态学\r\n richness|丰度\r\n r-k continuum of strategies|r-k 策略连续系统\r\n r-strategists|r-策略者\r\n saprovores|食腐者\r\n savanna woodland|热带稀树草原林地\r\n scavenger|食腐者\r\n sciophytes|阳性植物\r\n scramble competition|利用竞争\r\n scramble type of competition|分摊型竞争\r\n SdR|=summed dominance ratio,综合优势比\r\n secondary|次级演替\r\n secondary metabolites|次生代谢物质\r\n secondary production|次级生产力\r\n secondary succession|次生演替\r\n sedimentary cycle|沉积循环\r\n selective fertilization|选择受精\r\n self-destructive|自我破坏\r\n semelparity|一次繁殖生物\r\n semelparous|一次生殖\r\n sex ratio|性比\r\n sexual dimorphism|雌雄二形现象\r\n sexual reproduction|有性生殖\r\n sexual selection|性选择\r\n shade plants|耐阴性植物\r\n Shannon-Weiner index|香农—威纳指数\r\n sieve selection hypothesis|筛选说\r\n similarity|相似度\r\n Simpson’s diversity index|辛普森多样性指数\r\n social group|社群\r\n social hierarchy|社会等级\r\n social-economic-natural complex ecosystem|社会--经济--自然复合系统\r\n solar emergy|太阳能值\r\n solar emjoules|太阳能焦耳\r\n solar transformity|太阳能值转换率\r\n spatial pattern|空间格局\r\n special heterogeneity|空间异质性\r\n speciation|物种形成\r\n species area curve|物种面积曲线\r\n species diversity|物种多样性\r\n species evenness or equitability|种的均匀度\r\n species heterogeneity|种的不齐性\r\n species turnover rate|种的周转率\r\n spore reproduction|孢子生殖\r\n stability-resilience|稳定恢复力\r\n stabilizing selection|稳定选择\r\n standing crop|现存量\r\n static life table|静态生命表\r\n stenoecious|窄栖性的\r\n stenohaline|窄盐性的\r\n stenohydric|窄水性的\r\n stenophagic|窄食性的\r\n stenothermal|窄温性的\r\n steppe and semideserty|干草原和半荒漠\r\n stochastic model|随机模型\r\n stratification|成层现象\r\n subassociation|亚群丛组\r\n subdominant|亚优势种\r\n subformation|亚群系\r\n succession|演替\r\n succulent|肉质植物\r\n summed dominance ratio|=（SdR）综合优势比\r\n summer-green deciduous forest|夏绿落叶林\r\n survivorship curve|存活曲线\r\n sympatric speciation|同域性物种\r\n Synecology|群落生态学\r\n synusia|层片\r\n Terrestrial ecology|陆地生态学\r\n territorial behavior|领域行为\r\n territoriality|领域性\r\n Th|=therophytes,一年生植物\r\n the –2/3 thinning law|–2/3自疏法则\r\n the effect of neighbours|邻接效应\r\n therophytes|=(Th),一年生植物\r\n thertnoperiodism|温周期现象\r\n thorn forest and scrub|多刺森林和密灌丛\r\n time-specific life table|特定时间生命表\r\n torpor|蛰伏\r\n total neutrality hypothesis|中性说\r\n trophic level|营养级\r\n trophic relationship|营养的联系\r\n tundra and cold forest|苔原和冷森林\r\n uniform|均匀分布\r\n unitary organism|单体生物\r\n univoltine insects|一化性的昆虫\r\n upper horizon|覆盖层\r\n Urban ecology|城市生态学\r\n vegetation subtype|植被亚型\r\n vegetation type|植被型\r\n vegetation type group|植被型组\r\n vegetative propagation|营养生殖\r\n volume|体积\r\n water cycle|水循环\r\n weight|重量\r\n xerarch succession|旱生演替\r\n xerophytes|旱生植物\r\n zero net growth isoline|=（ZNGI）,零增长线\r\n ZNGI|=zero net growth isoline,零增长线\r\n zone of emergent vegetation|挺水植物带\r\n zooplankton|浮游动物\r\n