General introduction
Ion channels
G-protein coupled receptors
Second messengers
Tyrosine kinase receptors
From plasma membrane to the nucleus,
Regulation of gene expression
Cytokine signaling
Cell cycle
Apoptosis
Cell signaling and diseases
Q u ic k T i m e? a n d a
S o re n s o n V id e o 3 d e c o m p r e s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u r e,
Eukaryotic cell cycle
The cell cycle of the fission yeast S,pombe
In vitro maturation of Xenopus oocytes and assay of
maturation-promoting factor(MPF)
G2-arrested
oocyte
MPF activity
MPF activity
Variations in the activities of specific CDKs
during the cell cycle in animals
Regulation of CDK activity by
phophorylation and proteolysis
Activation of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) by
cyclin and phophorylation
CDK2 T loop
ATP
cyclin
CDK2
Regulation of cell division by growth factors
Checkpoint controls through the cell cycle
DNA damage-caused cell cycle arrest
DNA damage-caused cell cycle arrest
Regulation of passage from G1 to S by phophorylation
of pRb
Movie,Cell cycle
Q u ic kT i m e? a n d a
A n im a t i o n d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u re,
Leland H,
Hartwell
The Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine 2001
“for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle”
Paul
Nurse
R,Tim
Hunter
General introduction
Ion channels
G-protein coupled receptors
Second messengers
Tyrosine kinase receptors
From plasma membrane to the nucleus,
Regulation of gene expression
Cytokine signaling
Cell cycle
Apoptosis
Cell signaling and diseases
Apoptosis-programmed cell death
Q u ic k T i m e? a n d a
S o re n s o n V id e o d e c o m p r e s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u r e,
Apoptosis,death signaling
Movie,Apoptosis
Q u ic kT i m e? a n d a
A n im a t i o n d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u re,
Survival signaling
Inhibit death Promote growth
Survival signaling
"for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation
of organ development and programmed cell death"
Sydney
Brenner
H,Robert
Horvitz
John E,
Sulston
The Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine 2002
General introduction
Ion channels
G-protein coupled receptors
Second messengers
Tyrosine kinase receptors
From plasma membrane to the nucleus,
Regulation of gene expression
Cytokine signaling
Cell cycle
Apoptosis
Cell signaling and diseases
Cancer is a result of an imbalance between cell
growth and death
Oncogenes (accelerators for cell growth),Gain-of-
function mutation in cancer,Ras,c-myc,Src,etc.
Tumor suppressors (brakes for cell growth),Loss-of-
function mutation in cancer,PTEN,Rb,p53,APC,
etc.
Oncogenes-associated with retroviruses
Oncogene-encoded defective EGF receptor
Convertion of a regulatory gene into a
viral oncogene
The Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine 1989
"for their discovery of the cellular origin of
retroviral oncogenes"
J,Michael Bishop Harold E,Varmus
Tumor suppressors
Tumor suppressor,p53
Tumor suppressors,PTEN
Mitogenic signals
PI3 kinase
PI3,4P2 & PI3,4,5P3
PDK1
PKC PKB/Akt p70S6K
GSK3 PDE3B FKHR Bad
Glycogen systh cAMP Fas ligand Bcl2
PTEN
From normal epithelial cell to colorectal cancer
TGFb and its related factors in Diseases
? TbR-II,TbR-I,BMPRIA,Smad2 and Smad4 mutations in
cancer - Cancer
? ALK1 and endoglin mutations in hereditary hemorrhagic
telangectasia,an autosomal dominant disorder with
characteristics of nasal and gastrointestinal hemorrhage because
of epithelial vascular dysplasia - Vascular diseases
? GDF5 mutations in hereditary chondrodysplasia - Bone
disease
? AMH and AMHR-II mutations in persistent Mullerian Duct
Syndrome - Reproductive disorder
? Noggin mutations in proximal symphalangism and multiple
synostoses syndrome,Bony fusions of joints - Bone disease
? Overexpression of TGFb induce fibrosis in liver,lung,kidney
by inducing ECM deposition - Fibrosis
Ion channels
G-protein coupled receptors
Second messengers
Tyrosine kinase receptors
From plasma membrane to the nucleus,
Regulation of gene expression
Cytokine signaling
Cell cycle
Apoptosis
Cell signaling and diseases
Q u ic k T i m e? a n d a
S o re n s o n V id e o 3 d e c o m p r e s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u r e,
Eukaryotic cell cycle
The cell cycle of the fission yeast S,pombe
In vitro maturation of Xenopus oocytes and assay of
maturation-promoting factor(MPF)
G2-arrested
oocyte
MPF activity
MPF activity
Variations in the activities of specific CDKs
during the cell cycle in animals
Regulation of CDK activity by
phophorylation and proteolysis
Activation of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) by
cyclin and phophorylation
CDK2 T loop
ATP
cyclin
CDK2
Regulation of cell division by growth factors
Checkpoint controls through the cell cycle
DNA damage-caused cell cycle arrest
DNA damage-caused cell cycle arrest
Regulation of passage from G1 to S by phophorylation
of pRb
Movie,Cell cycle
Q u ic kT i m e? a n d a
A n im a t i o n d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u re,
Leland H,
Hartwell
The Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine 2001
“for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle”
Paul
Nurse
R,Tim
Hunter
General introduction
Ion channels
G-protein coupled receptors
Second messengers
Tyrosine kinase receptors
From plasma membrane to the nucleus,
Regulation of gene expression
Cytokine signaling
Cell cycle
Apoptosis
Cell signaling and diseases
Apoptosis-programmed cell death
Q u ic k T i m e? a n d a
S o re n s o n V id e o d e c o m p r e s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u r e,
Apoptosis,death signaling
Movie,Apoptosis
Q u ic kT i m e? a n d a
A n im a t i o n d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p ic t u re,
Survival signaling
Inhibit death Promote growth
Survival signaling
"for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation
of organ development and programmed cell death"
Sydney
Brenner
H,Robert
Horvitz
John E,
Sulston
The Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine 2002
General introduction
Ion channels
G-protein coupled receptors
Second messengers
Tyrosine kinase receptors
From plasma membrane to the nucleus,
Regulation of gene expression
Cytokine signaling
Cell cycle
Apoptosis
Cell signaling and diseases
Cancer is a result of an imbalance between cell
growth and death
Oncogenes (accelerators for cell growth),Gain-of-
function mutation in cancer,Ras,c-myc,Src,etc.
Tumor suppressors (brakes for cell growth),Loss-of-
function mutation in cancer,PTEN,Rb,p53,APC,
etc.
Oncogenes-associated with retroviruses
Oncogene-encoded defective EGF receptor
Convertion of a regulatory gene into a
viral oncogene
The Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine 1989
"for their discovery of the cellular origin of
retroviral oncogenes"
J,Michael Bishop Harold E,Varmus
Tumor suppressors
Tumor suppressor,p53
Tumor suppressors,PTEN
Mitogenic signals
PI3 kinase
PI3,4P2 & PI3,4,5P3
PDK1
PKC PKB/Akt p70S6K
GSK3 PDE3B FKHR Bad
Glycogen systh cAMP Fas ligand Bcl2
PTEN
From normal epithelial cell to colorectal cancer
TGFb and its related factors in Diseases
? TbR-II,TbR-I,BMPRIA,Smad2 and Smad4 mutations in
cancer - Cancer
? ALK1 and endoglin mutations in hereditary hemorrhagic
telangectasia,an autosomal dominant disorder with
characteristics of nasal and gastrointestinal hemorrhage because
of epithelial vascular dysplasia - Vascular diseases
? GDF5 mutations in hereditary chondrodysplasia - Bone
disease
? AMH and AMHR-II mutations in persistent Mullerian Duct
Syndrome - Reproductive disorder
? Noggin mutations in proximal symphalangism and multiple
synostoses syndrome,Bony fusions of joints - Bone disease
? Overexpression of TGFb induce fibrosis in liver,lung,kidney
by inducing ECM deposition - Fibrosis
