Teaching Plan for Unit 2, Book Two Section A (4 hours): Environmental Protection Throughout the World Teaching Objectives: This unit is intended to promote the students awareness of environmental protection. After learning it, SS should be able to have a general idea of the environmental conditions in the countries and regions discussed in the text. have a basic knowledge of measures taken by the governments to protect the environment as well as the benefits reaped in their own countries. learn to write a paragraph following the problem-solution pattern. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the topic of environmental protection use the following important words and expressions Teaching Procedures: Pre-reading Activities Previewing by listening Listen to a short passage (provided with the textbook) twice and answer the following 2 questions: 1)Why do people change their attitude towards environment? Because of the increasing environmental damage. 2) What measures did Costa Rica take to protect its remaining rain forest? Costa Rica has issued a series of new environmental laws and created parks and nature preserves that cover one quarter of the country. Compound Dictation Listen to the passage again and fill in the blanks with words you hear from the tape. Compound Dictation Listen to the passage again and fill in the blanks with words you hear from the tape. Environmental 1 hardly exist. Most countries are more interested in 2 development than world environment. Increasing 3 has led many countries to start new environmental programs. Canada protects its fish 4 by closing fishing areas and setting strict limits. To protect its rain forest, Costa Rica 5 new laws and created parks and nature 6 . Brazil has protected its Amazon rain forest. Many rivers, land, and forests in Eastern Europe, the most polluted 7 area in the world, are biologically dead. Ghana strengthened its agricultural base and developed a new source of income. 8 . 2. While-reading Activities 2.1 Para. 1 Structure and main idea Read through Para. 1 and try to figure out the main idea with your partner. ---most countries did not concern themselves with environmental protection in the past but in recent years they have changed their attitudes towards it due to the increasing environmental damage. Important Words and Expressions Concern … with, regardless of, initiative 2.2 Paras. 2-4 Structure and main idea A brief introduction to the “Grand Banks” and the measures Canada has taken to protect its fish supply and the result as well. Difficult Sentences: Para.2: The fishing grounds off what would become eastern Canada and New England held abundant cod and other species. Important Words and Expressions Take measures to, abundant, species 2.3 Para. 5 Structure and main idea Costa Rica has taken measures to protect its remaining rain forests which have been damaged severely. Important Words and Expressions Ambitious, diversity, clear-cut, together with Paras.6-8 Situation: Brazil is the home of the world’s largest jungle rain forest, the Amazon. Problem: For decades, the government sought to colonize and develop the Amazon, bringing severe environmental disaster to the area and its people.   Solution: But in 1991, under pressure from environmentalists around the world, Brazil reversed course. It ended tax favors that had encouraged clearing of the Amazon rain forest, and agreed to a plan to finance new forest protection projects.   Partial Negative result: Cattle farmers, miners, and settlers have protested the move and continue to destroy the forests, although at a slower pace than before. An Instance of the Partial Negative Result: The conflict enlarged last year when miners killed a group of Amazon Indians in order to seize their land. Evaluation:(limited results) The government promises it will protect the region’s native people, but questions remain as to its true level of commitment.     Difficult Sentences (Para7) But in 1991, under pressure from environmentalists around the world, Brazil reversed course. (Para8) …the government promises it will protect the region’s native people, but questions remain as to its true level of commitment. The underlying part functioned as a modifier should follow questions immediately, ut because it is much longer than the verb “remains”, it is separated from “questions” and appears now at the end of the whole sentence. Important Words and Expressions Colonize, finance, commitment 2.5 Paras. 9-10 Structure and Main Idea The Eastern European counties and other nations have worked out a series of treaties to protect the most polluted area from further contamination and improve the environmental conditions in that area. Important Words and Expressions Contaminate, fund, cleanup 2.6 Paras. 11-12 Structure and Main Idea It remains to be seen that the Ghana’s measures to protect the forests will have enough impact. Difficult Sentences (Para12 )But it remains to be seen whether these measures will have enough impact to slow the rate of removing the forest. Important Words and Expressions Explosive, sponsor, regenerate, impact 2.7 Paras. 13-14 Structure and Main Idea It reveals the population problem India is facing and the government has succeeded in increasing use of birth control by offering inducements though the effect is still minor. Situation: Indonesians have traditionally favored large families, and their major religion, Islam, frowns on birth control. Problem: But with 188 million people, the country is now struggling to provide enough food, shelter, and employment for its people. Solution: In recent years, the government has waged a massive ad campaign to encourage birth control, offering inducements such as free trips to Mecca, the birthplace of Islam in Saudi Arabia.   Result: The government has succeeded in increasing use of birth control from 10 percent of the population 20 years ago to 49 percent today. An Illustration of the Result: As a result, the average number of births has been cut from 5.6 children per woman to 3. The government hopes to reduce this average to 2.1 children per woman by 2005. Evaluation: But with such a large population base, the country must still convert million more t the idea of birth control if it is to reach its population targets.     Difficult Sentences (Para14) But with such a large population base, the country must still convert millions more to the idea of birth control if it is to reach its population targets. Important Words and Expressions Frown on, shelter, wage, massive, convert target 3. After –reading Activities 3.1. More Comprehension Questions Why does the author say “environmental awareness does not exist” in Para1? 2) Why does the Canadian government face protests from fishermen? What is the name of the world’s largest jungle rain forest? And where is it? What is the result of the explosive growth of population in Ghana? Why can a free trip to Mecca function as an inducement for Indonesians to practice birth control? 3.2 Essay Summary (Ex. XI) (Group work) SS work in groups and work out the answers to the essay summary provided in the textbook. (P216) 3.3 Structured Writing (to be done orally) Work in pairs and make an oral composition. Outline: Topic: Against Population Explosion in China Situation: China is a developing country with the biggest population in the world. A sample survey shows that China's population had reached 1.26 billion by the end of 1999 (excluding the population of the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan Province), accounting for about 21% of the world total. Problem: 1) a weak economic foundation with relatively inadequate per-capita resources 2) many contradictions and problems in China's economic and social development are closely associated with the issue of population, e.g. low literacy of its citizens. Solution: the Chinese Government has formulated and implemented a population policy which conforms to China's reality e.g. one-child family. Evaluation: has greatly contributed to the stabilization of the national and the world population and to the promotion of human development and progress. 3.4 Translation, vocabulary and structure 3.5 Homework 1) Work in groups and write an essay on the topic “environmental protection in China” following the structure of “situation----problem----solution”. 2) Pre-view Section B