Chapter 10
模型选择的标准及检验判断模型好坏的标准 ( A,C,Harvey):
1,简约性( Parsimony);
2,可识别性( Identifiability)参数的估计唯一;
3,Goodness of fit 越高越好;
4,理论一致性 (Theoretical consistency) 与理论或常识要一致。如在消费函数中,可支配收入的系数一般为正;
5,Predictive power
2R
Model specification errors(模型设定失误),
1,Missing key independent variables
true model,
specified model,
(here suppose )
Then
In general,the estimator is biased.
Example (Using Eviews),Y— 支出,X— 可支配收入,Z— 时间趋势变量。
2 2 3 3y x x
**22yx
23 0x x y
23*
2 2 3 2
2
() xxE x
2,Including irrelevant variables
true model,
specified model:
It is can be proved that
3,不正确的函数形式
22yx
* * *2 2 3 3y x x
*
22垐v a r ( ) v a r ( )
设定误差的检验
1,诊断非相关变量的存在
Use t-test or F-test
2,遗漏变量和不正确的函数形式的检验
1) ; 2) t-statistic
3) 与预期比较,估计系数的符号
4) DW-statistic
5) 预测误差
2R
残差检验法与 DW统计量检验法
Example (Using Eviews to show)
There are other tests for model specification
such as
Ramsey RESET test; likelihood ratio test
Wald test; Hausman test and so on.
建模既是一门科学也是一门艺术!!!
—— C,W,J,Granger
模型选择的标准及检验判断模型好坏的标准 ( A,C,Harvey):
1,简约性( Parsimony);
2,可识别性( Identifiability)参数的估计唯一;
3,Goodness of fit 越高越好;
4,理论一致性 (Theoretical consistency) 与理论或常识要一致。如在消费函数中,可支配收入的系数一般为正;
5,Predictive power
2R
Model specification errors(模型设定失误),
1,Missing key independent variables
true model,
specified model,
(here suppose )
Then
In general,the estimator is biased.
Example (Using Eviews),Y— 支出,X— 可支配收入,Z— 时间趋势变量。
2 2 3 3y x x
**22yx
23 0x x y
23*
2 2 3 2
2
() xxE x
2,Including irrelevant variables
true model,
specified model:
It is can be proved that
3,不正确的函数形式
22yx
* * *2 2 3 3y x x
*
22垐v a r ( ) v a r ( )
设定误差的检验
1,诊断非相关变量的存在
Use t-test or F-test
2,遗漏变量和不正确的函数形式的检验
1) ; 2) t-statistic
3) 与预期比较,估计系数的符号
4) DW-statistic
5) 预测误差
2R
残差检验法与 DW统计量检验法
Example (Using Eviews to show)
There are other tests for model specification
such as
Ramsey RESET test; likelihood ratio test
Wald test; Hausman test and so on.
建模既是一门科学也是一门艺术!!!
—— C,W,J,Granger