Entries by category 
Main headings 
Applications 
Codes of practice 
Codex Alimentarius, see Codes of practice 
Colour 
Combination treatment 
Commercial applications 
Consumer attitudes 
Containers, see Packaging 
Control of food irradiation 
Cost, see Economics 
Detection 
Direct and indirect action of ionizing radiation 
Economics 
Equipment, see Facilities 
Facilities 
Flavour 
FAO/WHO/IAE A 
Guidelines, see Codes of practice 
History 
IAEA, see International Atomic Energy Agency 
ICGFI, see International Consultative Group on Food 
Irradiation 
IFFIT, see International Facility for Food Irradiation 
Inhibition of sprouting 
Insect disinfestation 
International Atomic Energy Agency 
International Consultative Group on Food 
Irradiation 
International Facility for Food Irradiation 
Technology 
Ionization 
Ionizing radiation 
172 
JECFI 
Labelling 
Legislation 
Market trials 
Micro-organisms - relative resistances 
Micro-organisms - safety 
Nutrition 
Off-flavour, see Flavour; Sensory evaluation 
Organoleptic, see Sensory evaluation 
Packaging 
Post-harvest losses 
Quality improvement, see Legume; Juice; Vegetables 
- dried 
Quarantine, see Insect disinfestation 
Radappertization 
Radicidation 
Radura symbol, see Labelling 
Radurization 
Regulations, see Legislation 
Safety of irradiated food 
Safety of irradiation facilities 
Shelf-life extension, see Applications 
Sensory evaluation 
Sterilization 
Synergism 
Texture 
Toxicology 
WHO (World Health Organization), see FAOAAEN 
WHO 
Wholesomeness 
Food Irradiation 173 
Biological 
Anisakis. see Parasites 
Bacteria see Aeromonas; Campylobacter; Clostridium 
botulinum; D-value; Escherichia coli; Lactobacillus; 
Listeria; Micro-organisms - relative resistances; 
Micro-organisms - safety; Pseudomonas; Salmonella; 
Shigella; Spores - sensitization to heat; Staphylo- 
coccus aureus; Toxins; Vibrio; Yersinia 
Caribbean fruit fly, see Insects 
Climacteric, see Ripening and senescence 
Codling moth, see Insects; Insect disinfestation 
Coleoptera, see Insects 
Flatworm, see Parasites 
Fruit fly, see Insects; Insect disinfestation 
Insects 
Lepidoptera, see Insects 
Liver fluke, see Parasites 
Mango seed weevil, see Insects 
Mediterranean fruit fly, see Insects 
Melon fruit fly, see Insects 
Micro-organisms 
Mites, see Insects; Insect disinfestation 
Moulds 
Nematode, see Parasites 
Oriental fruit fly, see Insects 
Pigment, see Colour 
Parasites 
Ripening and senescence 
Queensland fruit fly, see Insects 
Taenia, see Parasites 
Tapeworm, see Parasites 
Texture 
Toxoplasma, see Parasites 
Trichina, see Parasites 
Yeasts 
Detection methods 
Carbon monoxide 
Chemiluminescence 
Conductivity, see Impedance and conductivity 
Cyclobutanone, see Detection; 
2-Dodec y lcyclobutanone 
DEFT, see Direct epifluorescent filter techniques 
Detection 
Direct epifluorescent filter technique 
DNA damage 
2-Dodecy lcyclobutanone 
Electron spin resonance 
ESR, see Electron spin resonance 
Hydrocarbons, see Volatiles 
Hydrogen 
Identification of irradiated foods, see Detection 
Impedance and conductivity 
Photostimulated luminescence 
Supercooling 
Thermoluminescence 
o-Vrosine 
Viscometry 
Volatiles 
Food components 
Additives 
Alginate 
Amino acids, see Proteins 
Antioxidants, see Additives 
Biotin 
Calciferol 
Carob gum, see Gums 
Carbohydrates 
Carotene, see Retinol (vitamin A) 
Carrageenan 
Cellulose, see Pectin and cellulose 
Chlorophyll, see Colour; Potato 
Cholecalciferol, see Calciferol 
Dehydroascorbic acid, see Ascorbic acid 
Enzymes 
Fats, see Lipids; Volatiles 
Fatty acids, see Lipids 
Folic acid 
Food components 
Gelatin 
Gelling agents, see Agar; Alginate; Carrageenan; Gela- 
tin; Pectin and cellulose 
Gluten, see Cereal products 
Guar, see Gums 
174 Entries by category
Gum arabic, see Gums
Gums
Hydrocolloid, see Gums; Gelling agent
Animal diets
Apple
Apple juice. see Juice
Apricot
Apricot -dried. see Dried fruit
Artichoke -globe
Artichoke -Jerusalem
Asparagus
Atchar
Aubergine
Avocado
Inulin
Isoascorbic acid, see Ascorbic acid
Karaya gum, see Gums
Lipids
Minerals and trace elements
Nitrite reduction
Pantothenic acid
Pectin and cellulose
Peptide. see Protein
Phospholipids. see Lipids
Pigment. see Colour
Polymers
Polysaccharide. see Carbohydrate: Pectin and cellu-
lose: Polymers
Proteins
Pteroylglutamic acid. see Folic acid
pyridoxine
Bacon, see Meat; Nitrite reduction
Banana
Barley
Bean, see Legume
Beef, see Meat
Beetroot
Her
Berries
Blackberry, see Berries
Black currant, see Berries
Blueberry, see Berries
Bread, see Cereal grains; Cereal products
Brinjal, see Aubergine
Broccoli
Bulbs, see Garlic; Onion
Retinol
Riboflavin
Solanine, see Potatoes
Starch
Sugar
Thiamine
Tocopherols
Trace elements, see Minerals and trace elements
Tragacanth gum, see Gums
Vitamin A, see Retinol
Vitamin B I, see Thiamine
Vitamin B2, see Riboflavin
Vitamin B5, see Niacin
Vitamin B6, see pyridoxine
Vitamin BIO, see Biotin
Vitamin B12, see Cyanocobalamin
Vitamin C, see Ascorbic acid
Vitamin D, see Calciferol
Vitamin E see Tocopherol
Vitamins
Xanthan gum, see Gums
Cabbage
Cantaloupe, see Melon
Capsicum
Carambola
Carrot
Cashew nut, see Nut
Cauliflower, see Cabbage
Cereal grains
Cereal products
Cheese, see Dairy products
Cherry
Chestnut, see Nut
Chicken, see Poultry
Citrus rruit
Clam, see Seafood
Cocoa beans
Coconut
Coffee beans
Composite roods
Convenience foods, see Composite foods; Ready
meals
Cranberry, see Berries
Crustacea, see Seafood
Cucumber
Currants, see Dried fruit
Food products Dairy productsDates
Dates -dried, see Dried fruit
Dried egg, see Egg -dried
Dried fish, see Fish -dried
Albumen, see Eggs
Almond, see Nuts
Food Irradiation 175 
Dried foods 
Dried fruit 
Dried vegetables, see Vegetables 
Eggplant, see Aubergine 
Eggs - dried 
Endive 
Eggs - fresh 
dried 
Fatty foods 
Feeds, see Animal diets 
Figs 
Figs - dried, see Dried fruit 
Fish 
Fish - dried 
Flour, see Cereal grains; Cereal products 
Frog Legs 
Frozen foods, see Direct and indirect action of ionizing 
radiation 
Fruit juice, see Juice 
Fruit and vegetables 
Garlic 
Ginger 
Grain, see Cereal grains 
Gram, see Legume 
Grape 
Grape must, see Wine 
Grapefruit 
Groundnut, see Nut 
Guava 
Ham, see Meat; Nitrite reduction 
Herb, see Spice 
Herbal teas 
Hospital diets, see Sterilization 
Juice 
Kiwifruit 
Lamb, see Meat 
Legume 
Lemon 
Lentil, see Legume 
Lettuce 
Lime 
Longan 
Lychee 
Maize, see Cereals; Sweetcorn 
Mango 
Mangosteen 
Meat 
Melon 
Milk, see Dairy products 
MSM (mechanically separated poultry meat), see 
Mushmom 
Poultry 
Mutton, see Meat 
Nectarine 
Nut 
Oats, see Cereal grains; Vitamins 
Oilseeds, see Legumes 
Okra 
Olive 
Onion 
Orange 
Papaya 
Pasta, see Cereal products 
Pea 
Peach 
Peanut, see Nut 
Pear 
Pepper, see Capsicum; Spices 
Persimmon 
Pet foods, see Animal diets 
Pineapple 
Pinenut 
Pistachio 
Plum 
Pome fruit, see Apple; Pear 
Pork, see Meat 
Potato 
Prawn, see Shrimps and prawns 
Prunes, see Dried fruit 
Pulse, see Legumes 
Raisin, see Dried fruit 
Rambutan 
Raspberry, see Berry 
Ready meals 
Rice 
Poultry 
Sapota 
Sausage, see Meat 
Seafood 
Seasonings, see Spices 
Shallot, see Onion 
Shellfish, see Seafood, Shrimps and prawns 
Shrimps and prawns 
Soya bean, see Legumes 
Soya sauce 
Spices 
Squash 
Starfruit, see Carambola 
Stone fruits, see Apricot; Cheny; Peach; Nectarine; 
Plum 
Strawberry 
Sweetcorn 
sweet potato 
Sweet potato wine, see Wine 
Tangerine, see Orange 
176 Entries by category 
Tomato 
Tropical and subtropical fruits 
Tubers, see Artichoke -Jerusalem; Potato; Sweet potato; 
Yam 
'hrkey 
lllrnip 
Vegetables, see Fruit and vegetables; Vegetables - cut, 
prepacked; Vegetables - dried 
Vegetables - cut, prepacked 
Vegetables - dried 
Walnut, see Nut 
Wheat, see Cereal grains; Cereal products; Immune 
response; Polyploidy 
Wine 
Yam 
Yoghurt, see Dairy products 
Microbiological 
Adenovirus, see Viruses 
Aeromonas 
Aflatoxin, see Moulds 
Alternaria, see Moulds 
Aspergillus, see Moulds 
Bacteria see Aeromonas; Campylobacter; Clostridium 
botulinum; D-value; Escherichia coli; Lactobacillus; 
Listeria; Micro-organisms - relative resistances; 
Micro-organisms - safety; Pseudomonas; Salmonella; 
Shigella; Spores - sensitization to heat; Staphylo- 
coccus aureus; Toxins; Vibrio; Yersinia 
Botrytis, see Moulds 
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, see BSE 
BSE 
Botulism, see Clostridium botulinum 
Campylobacter 
Cholera, see Vibrio 
Clostridium botulinum - General 
Clostridium botulinum - proteolytic, types A and B 
Clostridium botulinum - non-proteolytic, types B 
and E 
Cocksackie virus. see Viruses 
D-value 
Echovirus, see Viruses 
Enterobacteriaceae, see Escherichia coli; Salmonella; 
Shigella 
Enterococcus, see Lactobacillus 
Escherichia coli 
HACCP 
Hazard analysis and critical control point, see HACCP 
Herpes simplex virus, see Viruses 
Influenza virus, see Viruses 
Lactobacillus 
Listeria 
Micro-organisms - relative resistances 
Micro-organisms - safety 
Modelling 
Moulds 
Mycotoxins, see Moulds 
Newcastle disease virus, see Viruses 
Penicillium, see Moulds 
Poliovirus, see Viruses 
Predictive modelling, see Modelling 
Prions, see BSE 
Pseudomonas 
Rhizopus, see Moulds 
Salmonella 
Sensitizers 
Shigella 
Simian virus, see Viruses 
Sous vide 
Spores - sensitization to heat 
Staphylococcus aureus 
Toxins 
Vibrio 
Viruses 
Yeasts 
Yersinia 
Physical 
Becquerel 
Caesium-1 37, see Radionuclide 
Cobalt-60, see Radionuclide 
Curie 
Density, see Dose distribution; Facilities 
Direct and indirect action of ionizing radiation 
Dose 
Dose distribution 
Dose rate 
Dose uniformity, see Dose distribution 
Dosimeter 
Electromagnetic spectrum 
Electron 
Electron accelerator, see Facilities 
Electron beam machine, see Facilities 
Electron spin resonance 
Electron volt 
Food Irradiation 177 
Equilibrium relative humidity, see Water activity 
Equipment, see Facilities 
ESR, see Electron spin resonance 
Facilities 
Free radical 
Gamma radiation, see Gamma rays; Facilities 
Gamma rays 
Gray 
G-value 
Half-life 
Heat, see Combination treatments; Sensitization of 
spores to heat 
Hydrogen peroxide 
Hydrogen radical 
Hydroperoxyl radical 
Indirect action, see Direct and indirect action of 
ionizing radiation 
Induced radioactivity 
Ionization 
Ionizing radiation 
Isotope, see Radionnuclide 
Overall average dose, see Dose distribution 
Overdose ratio, see Dose distribution 
Oxygen 
Rad 
Radioactivity 
Radioisotope, see Radionuclide 
Radiolytic product 
Radionuclide 
Re-irradiation 
Rem 
Roentgen 
Safety of irradiation facilities 
Shielding, see Facilities; Safety 
Rep 
Sievert 
Temperature 
Temperature rise 
Water activity 
X-rays 
Toxicological 
Ames test 
Benzo (a) pyrene quinone 
Direct and indirect action of ionizing radiation 
Formaldehyde 
Free radical 
Hydrogen peroxide 
Hydrogen radical 
Hydroperoxyl radical 
Immune response 
Induced radioactivity 
Injury 
Mutagens 
Mutations 
Pesticide 
Polyploidy 
Radiolytic product 
Toxicology 
Toxins 
Unique radiolytic products 

