Psychology of
Language
English 0303 陶松燕
Psycholinguistic divisi
on of language
Production
Visual/
Written Auditory/Oral
Comprehension
In sum,4 X 3 = 12 different MAJOR
subfields in psycholinguitics
listeningreading
writing speaking
words
sentences
text
Linguistic Aspects
WORD-LEVEL
? orthography
? Phonology
? morphology
? semantics
? syntax
SENTENCE-LEVEL“Open the door!”
? semantics
? syntax Door the open *
? pragmatics,It’s hot here.
”
Linguistic Aspects
? Ambiguity
”The spy saw the cop with
binoculars”
TEXT-LEVEL
? expository vs,narrative texts
? the content structure of the text
? story grammar (narratives,setting-
episode)
? text base vs,situation
model
what is literally integration of text
base with
in the text prior knowledge + inferences
? coherence,e.g.,pronoun assignment
Linguistic Aspects
Psychological mechanisms
? serial and parallel processing
? bottom-up and top-down processing
? automatic and controlled processing
Serial vs,parallel processing
Planning
of clause
structure
Retrieving
lexical
items
Retrieving
phonological
representations
A serial model
Intention to convey an idea
Intention to convey an idea
A parallel model
Planning
of clause
structure
Retrieving
lexical
items
Retrieving
phonological
representations
Bottom-up and top-down
processing
HAT stimulus
TH A
features
letters
HAT CAT
N
word
Bottom-up and top-down processing
HAT stimulus
TH A
features
letters
HAT CAT
N
word
Bottom-up and top-down processing II
? Phonemic restoration effect (Warren & Warren,1
970)
up top [peel,feel,wheel,he
el]
bottom down */ee/l
Inability to report a disguised phoneme
Bottom-up and top-down processing II
? Phonemic restoration effect (Warren & Warren,1
970)
up top [peel,feel,wheel,he
el]
bottom down */ee/l
Inability to report a disguised phoneme
Context can disambiguate it:
“It was found that the *eel was on the orange”
“It was found that the *eel was on the shoe”
[peel and heel,respectively]
In general,how to make sense of speech in
noisy rooms?
?
The End