The Strategic
Management of
Information
Technology
Chapter 1
Introduction
Before the Organization
Individual Farms
The Traditional Organization
The Organization as One
The Traditional Hierarchy/
Organizational Demands
Globalization
Economics
Process
Individual
Technological Change Drivers
Point of
Purchase
Displays
Scanning
Devices
Networking
Telecommunications
Technological Change Drivers
Point of
Purchase
Displays
o Expedite Selling Practice
o Record Sales at
Individual Level
Technological Change Drivers
Scanning
Devices
o Customer Information
o Promotional Tracking
Technological Change Drivers
Networking
Telecommunications
o Internet
o Local Area Networks
o Video Conferencing
The Organization on its Head
Globalization
Economics
Process
Individual
Immanuel Kant
Key Organizational
Measures
o Cost,Revenue,Profit,Investment Center
o Strategic Business Unit
o Critical Success Factors
o Core Competencies
Key Organizational
Methods
o Right Sizing
o Reengineering
o Business Process Redesign
Plan Design Implement Maintain
Approach
? Key MIS Trend
– Organizational Rationale
– Technological Driver
Strategic
MIS Organization
Technology
Inductive
Deductive
General Cases
Specific Rules
General Cases
Transference
Reasoning
Sample Organizations
McDonald’s
ServiceMaster
Mrs,Field’s Cookies
WalMart
Key MIS Trends
o Standardization
o Leverage
o Mass Customization
o Franchise
o Methodology
o Modularization
o Liquid Assets
o Client/Server
o Knowledge,Information,
or Expertise Driven
? The Conscious Effort to Make all Jobs
Similar,Routinized,and Interchangeable
Key MIS Trends
Standardization
? Move all tasks to the lowest possible
individual in terms of level and cost
Key MIS Trends
Leverage
? Focus all products and services on the
specific customer
Key MIS Trends
Mass Customization
? The Organization has become a small
central office with many autonomous,
but identically-structured units
Key MIS Trends
Franchise
? Methodology tells the user the steps to
take in the process
Key MIS Trends
Methodology
Methodology Methodology
? Rather than be constructed at the most
granular level,projects are completed
using sections of code
Key MIS Trends
Modularization
Liquid vs,Fixed Assets
Key MIS Trends
?Focus on Liquid Assets,Reducing
Fixed Assets
Client/Server
? Enables data to be stored at
organizational,group,and individual
levels,
Key MIS Trends
? Rather than work in a hierarchy,
workers develop a particular expertise
and are constantly reassembled to
provide their expertise to a project
Key MIS Trends
Knowledge,Information,or
Expertise-Driven
Knowledge
Information
Expertise
Key MIS Trends
Implications
Organizational Architecture
Data Architecture
Communications Architecture
Programming Languages
Fortran Cobol C PL/1
Statistical Analysis
Minitab SPSS SAS
PowerBuilder
Visual Basic Lotus Notes
KnowledgeWare
Systems Architecture,Design,and Operations
Management Information Systems
Microsoft/Lotus Suite of Products
User-Directed Toolset
Internet