Key to practice exercise
I. GRAMMAR
C
A 在I hope，I bet 结构后的 that- 分句中可使用一般现在时表示将来 的 动作。 如: I bet it rains tomorrow.
B. 主句中若有 require , demand, suggest, insist, order, prefer, propose, recommend , request 等动词， 其后的that-分句中应使用be-型虚拟式， 即动次原形或should +动词原形。
D
A
B 在It is the first time that … 的结构中，that-分句中的动词用现在完成体。 It 也可换用this 或that, first 也可换用 second, third 等。 例如：It is the second time that they have caused such a sensation. 这是他们第二次引起如此的轰动。
B. 在It was the first (或second…) time that… 的结构中， that-分句中的动词用过去完成体。
B. 参见第三题注释。
C. 此句中的suggest 表示“提出，指出”，不是“建议”，因而其后的that-分句中不使用be-型虚拟语气。
A. 主句中若有requirement, demand, suggestion, order, preference, proposal, decision, instruction, resolution 等名词，其后的 that-分句中应使用be-型虚拟式，即动词原形或should+动词原形。
D.名词前若有only, next, last, first 修饰， 应使用动词不定式而非动词-ing形式作定语。
A.
A
D
A
B
D always, continually, constantly 与现在进行体一起使用，通常带有反感，抱怨的含义。例如：Tom is always complaining about the prices. 汤姆老是没完没了地抱怨物价。
B. smell 在此句中作为动作动词，意思是“嗅，闻”，故而能够使用进行体。类似的动词包括feel, taste, look. 作为状态动词时，这些动词不能够使用进行。（见第19题）
D.（参见第18题注释）
A. (参见第18题注释)
C
C
D
A
C
A 此句中的关系分句相当于时间状语分句，所以动词用一般现在时。
A. be going to 用以表示现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生的某种事态。
B（参见第27题注释）
B. be to 用以表示命令。
A.过去完成体表示过去未曾实现的希望，计划或意图。这只适用于hope, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose, want 等动词。
C
C
A
D was/were going to +动词 可以表示过去将来时间可能未实现的动作或事态。
A
B 动词be 通常不用于进行体。但表示暂时的，有些不寻常的情况时，使用进行体。
B
C
A
B 当句中有不同的主语时，would rather/sooner 后面的动词用过去时。
A （参见第40体注释）
C
B
B
C 动词短语或多词动词在被动句里应作为整体使用，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。
C
B
B在动词suggest 后面，可用-ing 作为宾语。如果分词的逻辑主语与主动词的主语一致，则可以略去；如果分词的逻辑主语与主动词的主语不一致，则必须采用属格或宾格形式明确地表示出来。请比较第48与50题。
A
A （参见第48题注释）
B在advise, forbid, allow, permit, encourage, recommend等动词后，可使用ing-分词作宾语。如果要用动词不定式，不定式必须有自己的逻辑主语，动词不定式其实只是句子的宾语补语，在此句中即为forbid somebody to do something. 请比较第51题与52题。
C. （参见第51 题注释）
A. mean + -ing 分词迎解释为“意味着”；mean + 动词不定式应解释为“意图，企图”。请比较第53 题与54题。
D（参见第53 题注释）
A. regret to say / inform /tell 用于一般现在时，表示“很抱歉……”。
B regret +动词-ing 分词表示“后悔……”.
A try +动词不定式表示“努力要……”。动词不定式 的动作是目的 。
C try +动词 –ing 分词表示“试着……”，动词-ing 分词的动作是手段。
D have difficulty /trouble (in) doing sth. 是固定用法。表示“做……很困难” 。
B seek 后面跟动词不定式，表示“尝试，试图”。
B all that 相当于 what .
B 介词but 或except 前若有动词do 的某种形式，其后使用不带to 的动词不定式。 试比较 第62题与63题。
A介词but 或except 前若无动词do 的某种形式，其后使用带to 的动词不定式。例如: Since he had no money, he had no option but to look for a job.
A
A 关系分句的先行词是指事件，所以用which.
A
B
C
A
C this /that/ these /those +名词 + 双重属格 表示“爱，憎，欣赏，讽刺”等情感。
A but for =if it had not been for 用于表示非真实条件“要不是……”。
C
B 非真实条件句省略if,必须使用倒装。
B
A 在正式文体中，让步状语从句中可使用动词原型，动词置于主语之前。例如：All magnets behave the same, be it large or small. 磁铁不论大小， 其性能都一样。
D 否定词位于句首可引起倒装。
C 当so…that 关联从属连词的so 出现于句首时，通常引起倒装。
C 与77 题不同，此句中的so 出现于句首，但其后的动词不倒装。该句型用于表示肯定前一说话人的意见。
B
A
II. VOCABULARYA
Section A
C
A
D
B
A
D
B
B insure 的意思是 “给……保险，投资”。例如：All our household goods are insured against accidental damage. 我家里所有的物品都保了意外损失险。ensure的意思是“保证，担保”。例如：Following the plane crash, the airplane is taking further steps to ensure public safety on its aircraft. 继飞机坠毁后，航空公司正采取进一步的措施以保证其机上乘客安全。
A. make a difference 是固定词组，意思是“改善，施加影响”。
B asset 指资产或个人财富，而estate 通常指个人的房地产。
B make a point 是固定词组， 意思是“总是要做某事，重视，特别注意”。
C take 在此句中表示“要求，需要”。 再如：Parachuting takes a lot of nerve. 跳伞需要很大勇气。
A raise 在此句中意思是“养殖”。
B write to each other 与 correspond with each other 意思一样，但动词后使用的介词不同。
D Has it occurred to you that… 是固定句式，意思是“你有否想过……”。例如： Has it ever occurred to you that you could be wrong? 你有否想过你也可能会错？
A It dawned on sb. that 是固定句式，意思是“才意识到/才省悟到……”。例如：It dawned on me that the following day would be her birthday. 我突然记起第二天是她的生日。
D
A affect 是及物动词，意思是“影响”，这种影响或有益或有害。impair 与 weaken 意思为“损害”和“削弱”。effect 通常作名词。意思是“功效，影响”。
B
B reinforce 的意思是“加固”。此句中描写的门表面由钢材覆盖，外加铁栅格加固。
B strike up 作为动词时，表示“开始建立（关系或谈话）”。例如：She always finds it difficult to strike up a conversation with a complete stranger. 她总是觉得与完全陌生的人谈话是一件困难的事。
C frequent 作为动词时，表示“常到，常去”。例如：It’s a famous café which was once frequented by Picasso and his friends. 那是家有名的咖啡店，毕加索和他的朋友经常光顾那儿。
B
D
A consist of 表示“由……组成”，通常不以被动态形式出现。
C
C take turns 是固定词组，表示“依次，轮流”。
B chair是及物动词，表示“主持会议”。
D considerably 表示“很大程度上，相当大地”。considerately 表示“体贴地，关心地”。
C
B
A
B have much in common 表示“有许多相同之处”。
B
C equal 作为动词时，是及物动词，故而其后无须使用介词。例如：Sixteen ounces equals one pound. 16盎司等于一英镑。但equal 作为形容词时，其后通常使用介词to。例如：Sixteen ounces is equal to one pound.
C
A next to 相当于almost。例如：It is next to impossible to read in a place like this.在这种地方阅读几乎是不可能的事。
C perspective 表示“视角”，prospect 表示“前景”， 而aspect 则表示“（许多方面中的）一个方面”。
A contribute to 相当于 help to bring about。例如：A balanced diet contributes to good health. 均衡的饮食有利于健康。而attribute sth. to 表示“把……归结于”。例如：He attributed the success to good management. 他把成功贵归结于优良的管理。
C 此句的主语是并列的三个名词词组。
A
B alteration 表示“细微的变动”。alternative 表示“选择余地”。
A
D
D
B
A
D
A be attached to 表示“依恋”，例如：The girl feels very attached to her old doll, and she’d never sell it. 那女孩很留恋她的旧玩偶，始终舍不得卖掉它。be inclined to 后面通常跟动词不定式，例如：His family members are more inclined than other people to support him. 他的家人比其他人都更乐于支持他。
C seek 作look for 解释时，是及物动词，其后无须使用介词。
D
B oppose 是及物动词，其后无须使用介词；object 是不及物动词，常与介词to搭配使用；opposed 是形容词，用于词组be opposed to 中。请比较第52，53以及54题。
A (参见第52题注释)
C (参见第52题注释)
B file for 表示“提出官方申请”。例如：The company is said to have filed for bankruptcy. 据说公司已申请破产。sue 表示“控告，起诉”，其后通常跟起诉对象。例如：John sued his dentist for some treatment he’d had that had gone wrong. 约翰因牙医在治疗过程中出错而提起诉讼。
A
D
C
A make ends meet 是固定词组，表示“保持收支平衡”。
C plead guilty 是固定词组，表示“认罪”。
D
A
C
B
C keep …company 相当于stay with…so that that person is not alone.
A be particular about 表示“对……挑剔”
B the instant 在此句中作为连词，相当于 immediately after ,as soon as.
D in awe of 表示“敬畏”。
A
D aspect 通常表达“（事物）中多方面的某一侧面”。
B
A attach importance to 是固定词组，表示“重视，认为重要”。
C emphasize 与 stress 一样， 同是及物动词，它们后面无须使用介词。例如：The headmaster has repeatedly emphasized/stressed the need for rigorous discipline. 小学校长反复强调严格纪律的必要性。
A
B analyze 与 discuss 一样，同是及物动词，它们后面无须使用介词。
C alternative 在此句中是名词，表示“选择余地”，其后可跟介词to .
A
B
A
B
Section B
1. contestants 2. suburban 3. commitment 4.innovative
5. popularity 6. temptation 7. increasingly 8. periodically
9. miraculously 10.assistance 11. cowardice 12.choice
13. maintenance 14. memorable 15. digital 16. uncertainty
17.psychological 18. gratitude 19. Participation 20. prosperity
21. confrontation 22. approval 23. Motivation 24. reliant
25. congratulatory 26. loyalists 27. solution 28. disagreements
29. dependents 30. desirable 31. culturally 32. unbearable
33. density 34. stabilize 35. essential 36. deepen
37. professionals 38. applicant 39. ashore 40. shortage
III. READIND COMPREHENSION
Section A Close reading
C
A
D
D
A
C
C
D
B
C
A
D
D
A
B
B
A
D
D
B
A
C
D
D
C
B
D
B
A
C
C
C
D
D
C
C
B
A
C
D
B
C
C
B
A
C
D
C
B
C
B
A
C
B
C
A
B
C
C
B
C
D
C
D
C
C
D
B
C
C
B
B
D
B
C
B
C
A
C
C
A
B
A
D
D
B
A
C
A
D
Section B Fast Reading
GROUP 1
D
C
B
C
C
C
D
C
C
D
GROUP 2
A
D
C
B
B
B
B
A
C
B
GROUP 3
A
B
D
A
C
D
B
D
C
A
GROUP 4
B
D
C
D
C
B
B
D
A
D
GROUP 5
C
D
B
C
A
C
C
B
A
A
GROUP 6
B
D
B
C
A
B
C
A
A
D
GROUP 7
D
B
D
D
B
A
B
B
C
D
IV. CLOZE
PASSAGE 1
B
C
D
A
D
A
D
A
C
C
B
A
C
B
A
Passage 2
B
B
B insist 在此句中表示“坚持认为”，而不表示“坚持要”，因而that-分句中无须使用be-型虚拟式。
C
A
D
A
A
D
B
C
A
B make one’s way意思为move 。例如：Because of old age he could only make his way around the house slowly. 由于年纪大，他只能在房子里慢慢地四处走动。
C
D
Passage 3
B
A
D
C
A keep fed 意思是“保持不挨饿”。
B
C
C
B
C
D
C
B
C
D stage fright 是固定词组，表示“怯场”。
Passage 4
A
C
A 此句的主语是number。
B
B
C response 是名词，而respond 是动词。
D in some way 表示 “以某种方式”。
C 此句中but相当于only，所以无须再使用only。
A if-从句表达非真实条件，所以主句中要使用would。
C
C in terms of 是固定词语，意思是“在……方面”。
B
D
B
A
Passage 5
B need 在此句中作为普通动词，而非情态助动词，所以其后跟带to的动词不定式。
A
D
A
D
C
B
A
B
A outweigh 是及物动词，表示“在（价值，重要性，影响等方面）超过”。例如：For me the disadvantages of owning a car outweigh the advantages. 对我而言，拥有一辆汽车的不利性超过了优越性。overweight是形容词，表示“超重的”
D
D
C give some thought to 相当于think about 或consider。
B
A
Passage 6
C
A each time 在此句中作为连词，相当于whenever。
A
B character 与 characteristic 同是名词。前者表示“（人的）性格”，而后者则表示“(事物)的特性”。
D
D
A
A
B
B affixes 是“词缀”，包括suffixes(后缀)和prefixes(前缀)。
C
C
D boil down 表示“归结为”。
D
B
Passage 7
B
C
D
A
A
B
D
D
C
A
B
B
B
A
B
Passage 8
D
A
A
C
C
B
C
B
D
A
C
B
C
A
D
Passage 9
B
A
B
B
B
C
C
D
A
C
C
A
B
A
D
Passage 10
B
C do 在此句中替代observe。
D put 在此句中意为“表达”。
A
B
D not so much…as 表示“与其说……不如说……”。
B facets 相当于aspects。
B in a different light 相当于from a different point of view。
C
C
A
B
C
B
C
V. TRANSLATION
I think you are taking too much for granted when you claim that he will come to our rescue in time.
Wednesday was a historic day for Afghanistan when Karzai swore in as President.
The South Koreans had reason to feel proud of their team though the World Cup was already out of their reach.
Everybody can come to this school, without respect to class, race, or sex.
After the Palestinian suicide bomb killed more than 20 people in a school bus, Israel pledged to step up their offensive.
As his business depends to a large extent on nature, he is encouraging his teenage son to get into a professional with steady income.
As the fire was held largely in check, people were allowed to move back to their homes.
She was released on $600,000 bail on the condition that she should stay away from his house.
India and Pakistan recently scared much of the world into thinking that an all-out war, perhaps with nuclear weapons, might break out between them.
Doctors believe that the growing birth weights are related to the rising obesity epidemic among adults and children.
Many university teachers, who have long tried to dissuade students from studying for TOEFL, say that test preparation programs won’t help them with their English proficiency.
The test is used only for education planning purposes and does not affect students whether they pass or fail.
Both Palestinian leader Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Sharon are not only dealing with the bitterness of recent violence but with a lengthy history of national conflict.
If you invest all your money in one hotel, you’ll have all your eggs in one basket.
We need about $20,000 for our company to get off the ground.
Has it ever occurred to you that those who can always lay hands on whatever they want may be bored to death?
Statistics from Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau show that the average age for first marriages among local people is now at a record-high of 27 years.
Students hated writing compositions because usually only those who followed the fixed idea could get higher scores, while those who tried to use their imagination might be regarded as being off the point.
The output of corn, mainly grown in the provinces of northern, northeastern and southwestern China, accounts for one fourth of the total grain output.
In the course of the interview, I was asked a lot of questions that really got on my nerves. They were too personal.
Girls usually seek agreement based on each other’s feelings while boys like to negotiate.
As our car slowly made its way, men armed with clubs and spears stood along the road with hatred in their eyes, shouting angrily.
It was suddenly clear to us all that despite everyone’s hard work she was going to die, and sooner than we had thought.
When Prince Charles was a boy, his friends were selected for him. By contrast, Prince Williams has always been encouraged to find his own social circle.
Many of Britain’s difficulties as a member of the European Union have arisen because its economy and politics have tended to move in line with American than with the rest of EU.
A survey reveals that four out of five seniors from 55 top universities in the United States received a D or F on history questions drawn from a basic high school curriculum.
Enterprises’ turning a deaf ear to safety regulations and management processes is the main cause for the recent disasters in the coalmines in Shanxi Province.
We share with leaders of the region the conviction that only a political solution can lead to durable security and peace.
In china, students are admitted to higher education on the basis of their score in the national college entrance examination, which started in the 1950s.
According to a recent Newsweek poll, 84 percent of adult Americans say they believe God performs miracles, and 48 percent report that they have experienced or witnessed one.
The Taiwan issue is the only barrier to the normalization of bilateral relations between China and Panama.
The United Nations’ AIDS agency warned last week that the AIDS epidemic is still in its infancy and could kill 70 million people over the next 20 years.
More importantly, China is in great need of people with all-round abilities as it opens wider to the world and starts to adopt many internationally accepted practices.
It is reported that some imports from the United States will be subject to 24 per cent tariffs.
The government has already promised to open up important markets such as telecommunications, retail business and banking to foreign investment.
China has 65.94 million hectares of wetlands, ranking first in Asia and third in the world.
One of the major problems that hinder the development of industry is that manufacturers do not own the property rights of what they produce.
Women friends of varied careers from different countries and regions have gathered here with the shared objectives to discuss globalization, economics and politics from the female perspective.
At present, statistics from relevant taxation departments showed that the tax evasion rate stood at more that 50 percent in China.
It matters little how you interpret the so-called modern calligraphy. What’s more important is how much this particular form of art can contribute to Chinese culture.
Analysts said that the co-operation would be a win-win strategy for both China and overseas companies.
The death toll from a typhoon in South Korea rose to four after two people were reportedly swept away by rising waters in a small city.
The official said that the New Zealand thieves are targeting Asian visitors, particularly Chinese, assuming they always have a lot of cash on hand.
The Red Cross Society of China announced yesterday that donations to China’s flood-devastated regions from both home and abroad have reached 32 million yuan by last Friday.
Many employers lack a scientific and rational personnel evaluation system and simply set diplomas from distinguished universities as the rigid yardsticks in selecting personnel.
Tourist agencies across China are busy promoting tour packages especially tailored for students now that the summer holidays have finally arrived.
Sponsored by the Ministry of Culture, the symposium attracted more than 300 experts from 12 countries and regions to discuss the opportunities and challenges of information technology.
At midnight on June 8, unexpected heavy rain triggered devastating floods in Northeast China’s Shaanxi Province and threatened over 5 million people in 34 countries.
Developing healthy and stable Sino-US relations conforms to the basic interests of the two peoples and is also conductive to global peace, stability and development.
Airbus will extend its co-operation with Chinese aircraft companies and gradually transfer its wing manufacturing and assembly base to China in 7 to 10 years.
VI. WRITING
Section A Note-writing
Situation 1
Tues. April 2
Dear Prof. Kelly,
I’d like to discuss the outline of my BA thesis with you sometimes this week so that I can make necessary revision during the weekend. I know you are very busy, so could you please appoint a time and place and leave me a note with Ms. Wang in the department office? Many thanks.
Wang Haitao
Situation 2
May 16
Dear Renjie,
I’m so sorry to tell you that I can’t keep our 10 o’clock appointment. My grandma had a stroke last night and was sent to hospital. I will have to stay in the hospital to look after her for at least a few days, so I wonder if we can meet sometime next week. Sorry for the change.
Wang Guowei
Situation 3
May 16
Dear Professor Li,
I would like to express my apologies for not being able to keep our 10 o’clock appointment. My grandmother had a stroke last night and was sent to hospital. As I will have to stay in the hospital to look after her for at least a few days, I wonder if we can possibly put off our meeting to sometime next week.
With many apologies,
Wang Guowei
Situation 4
July 19th
Dear Jimmy,
Next Friday, July 26th, will be my birthday, and I want to invite you and the other guys over to my house for a party. We can start at 7:30 and finish at 9:30. Mom said she missed you so much, and she has agreed to bake a cake for me. I bet you won’t want to miss that.
John
Situation 5
9:00 am
July 18th
Dear Robert,
Your brother-in-law, Mr. Buscemi, calls to tell you that your mother-in-law has come to visit you, and he wants you to meet her at the railway station. Her train will arrive at 7:20 p.m. today, and she will wait for you on the platform.
Sylvia
Situation 6
Sept. 9th
Dear mike,
Wonder if you feel like going with me to the music show Les Miserables at the Grand Theatre this Sunday. I planned to go with Carol, but now she won’t make it because her tutor has asked her to attend a conference. The show starts at 6:45, and I expect you at the entrance at 6:20.
Call me if you can’t come.
Tom
Situation 7
April 24th, 2002
Dear Prof. Langan,
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for your help with my paper on financial security. It has now been accepted by The world Financial Studies. But without your valuable suggestions and those books you lent me, I couldn’t have possibly finished the paper. Your help has been of invaluable significance to me. Thank you again.
With best regards,
Zhang Yazhe
Situation 8
Oct. 18th
Dear Ms. Qin,
I’m afraid I won’t be able to come to my writing class tomorrow because I suddenly fell ill this morning. I don’t know when I can recover, so maybe the lectures have to be suspended for some time. Could you inform my students of this change, and tell them I’ll be back as soon as I feel well enough?
Zhang Yalin
Situation 9
Mar. 8
(Dear) He Lu,
Maybe you have finished the translation I gave you the other day. I can’t get your translation in my e-mail box because my e-mail system has been down since yesterday. Can you just copy it to a floppy disk and leave it in my mailbox (no. 32 in the office building)?
Lin Haiying
Situation 10
Notice
A meeting is to be held about the preparation for the coming speech contest in Rm 302 in the administrative building, at 4:30 tomorrow afternoon (May 23rd). Monitor of every class is expected to be present.
Office of the English Department
May 22nd, 2002
Section B Composition Writing
(Answers omitted.)
