Unit 1, Part A
21st Century College English,Book 1
Secrets of A Students
Unit 1,Part A
? Pre-Reading Activities
? Intensive Study
? Exercises
? Assignment
Pre-reading Activities,Warm-up Questions
1,Based on the title,guess what the text is about.
2,Look at the subheadings,1-8,in the text,Which of
these activities do you already do? In which areas do
you feel you need improvement?
3,Are there any ―secrets‖ to your own success as a
student? In other words,do you have any special
study techniques which have been very successful
for you?
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
First Listening,Before listening to the tape,have a quick
look at the following words.
grade
concentrate
schedule
pressure
selectively
relevant
skip over
approach
n,a mark indicating a student’s
level of accomplishment
v,to direct one’s thoughts or attention
n,a plan for performing work or
achieving an objectiven,an oppressive condition of physical,
mental,social,or economic distressad,by selection or discrimination
a,having connection with the matter at hand
to pass from point to point,omitting or
disregarding what is unimportantn,a method used in dealing with sth.
Second Listening,Listen to the tape again,Then,
choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1.
A) to describe college life
B) to give advice for college success
C) to warn against being lazy at college
D) to increase college enrollment (入学人数 )
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Second Listening,Listen to the tape again,Then,
choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
2.
A) asking questions in class
B) doing assignments ahead of time
C) working as hard as you can
D) learning how to study effectively
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Second Listening,Listen to the tape again,Then,
choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
3.
A) Organize your time and materials.
B) Write down every word the professor says in class.
C) Treat studying like business.
D) Study together.
own wor las
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Script
Getting good grades in college does not only depend on
how smart you are or even on how hard you work,In fact,the
biggest key to success in college is learning how to study
effectively,The following secrets of ―A‖ students will tell you
what it takes to get the best grades you can.
First of all,concentrate! Treat studying like a serious
business,not something you can do while eating or watching
TV at the same time.
Secondly,study anywhere — or everywhere,If your
schedule is full,study while you are doing other things such
as exercising or brushing your teeth.
Third,organize your materials,If everything you need is
kept in one place,you can work more efficiently.
Fourth,organize your time,Start working on assignments
well in advance so that you can avoid last-minute pressure.
Fifth,learn how to read selectively,Pay careful attention
to passages that are relevant to what you are learning and
skip over those that aren’t.
Sixth,take good notes,Write down the professor’s ideas
and your own and also summarize the main points of each
lecture.
Seventh,ask questions,This will make clear what points
you understand well and in what areas you need more work.
inally study together,Working in a group with other
students allows you to try different approaches and get
support from your partners.
These are the secrets of ―A‖ students,When you apply
them to your own work,you’ll be on the way to becoming an
―A‖ student too.
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Intensive Study
? Intensive Study
? Difficult sentences
? Key words,phrases & usages
? Comprehension exercises
Secrets of A Students
By Edwin Kiester & Sally Valentine Kiester
1 Alex,now a first-year student in natural sciences at
Cambridge,played football for his school in Manchester and
directed the school production of a play,He left school with
five A’s,Amanda,reading English at Bristol University,acted
in plays at hers,and played tennis regularly,Yet she still
managed to get fourA’s.
Intensive Study
2 How do A students like these make it? Brains aren’t the
only answer,The most gifted students do not necessarily
perform best in exams,Knowing how to make the most of
one’s abilities counts for much more.
3 Hard work isn’t the whole story either,Some of these
high-achieving students actually put in fewer hours than
their lower-scoring classmates,The students at the top of
the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that
others can easily learn,Here,according to education
experts and students themselves,are the secrets of A
students.
Intensive Study
4 1,Concentrate! Top students allow no interruptions of
their study time,Once the books are open,phone calls go
unanswered,TV unwatched and newspapers unread,―This
doesn’t mean ignoring important things in your life,‖
Amanda explains,―It means planning your study time so
that you can concentrate,If I’m worried about a sick friend,
I call her before I start my homework,Then when I sit down
to study,I can really focus.‖
Intensive Study
5 2,Study anywhere — or everywhere,A university
professor in Arizona assigned to tutor underachieving
college athletes,recalls a runner who exercised daily,He
persuaded him to use the time to memorise biology terms.
Another student stuck a vocabulary list on his bathroom
wall and learned a new word every day while brushing his
teeth.
Intensive Study
6 3,Organize your materials,At school,Tom played
basketball,―I was too busy to waste time looking for a pencil
or a missing notebook,I kept everything just where I could
get my hands on it,‖ he says,Paul,a student in New Mexico,
keeps two folders for each subject — one for the day’s
assignments,the other for homework completed and ready to
hand in,A drawer keeps essentials together and cuts down on
time-wasting searches.
Intensive Study
7 4,Organize your time,When a teacher set a long essay,
Alex would spend a couple of days reading round the subject
and making notes,then he’d do a rough draft and write up
the essay,He would aim to finish a couple of days before the
assignment was due so that if it took longer than expected,
he’d still meet the deadline,Amanda stuck to a study
schedule that included breaks every two hours,―Trying to
study when you’re overtired isn’t smart,‖ she advises,―Even
a short break to stretch or get some fresh air can work
wonders.‖
Intensive Study
8 5,Learn how to read,―I used to spend hours going
through irrelevant material,‖ Amanda remembers,―But then
I got used to reading quickly; if the first sentence of a
paragraph wasn’t relevant,I’d move on to the next
paragraph.‖ ―The best course I ever took,‖ says an
Oklahoma student,―was speed-reading,I not only increased
my words per minute but also learned to look at a book’s
table of contents and pictures first,Then,when I began to
read,I had a sense of the material and I retained a lot more.‖
To such students,the secret of good reading is to be an active
reader — one who keeps asking questions that lead to a full
understanding of the material being read.
Intensive Study
9 6,Take good notes,―Before writing anything,I divide
my page into two parts,‖ says Amanda,―the left part is
about one third of the page wide; the right,two-thirds,I
write my notes in the wider part,and put down the main
ideas on the left,During revision,this is very useful because
you can see immediately why the material is relevant,rather
than being worried by a great mass of information.‖ Just
before the end-of-lesson bell rings,most students close their
books,put away papers,talk to friends and get ready to
leave,But a smart student uses those few minutes to write
two or three sentences about the lesson’s main points,which
he scans before the next class.
Intensive Study
10 7,Ask questions,―If you ask questions,you know at once
whether you have got the point or not,‖ says Alex,Class
participation is a matter of showing intellectual curiosity,In a
lecture on economics,for example,curious students would
ask how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and
market-driven,thus interesting themselves not only in whats,
but also in whys and hows.
Intensive Study
11 8,Study together,The value of working together was
shown in an experiment at the University of California at
Berkeley,A graduate student there who observed a first-year
calculus course found that Asian-American students
discussed homework,tried different approaches and
explained their solutions to one another while the others
studied alone,spent most of their time reading and rereading
the text,and tried the same approach time after time even if it
was unsuccessful.
Intensive Study
12 After all,the secrets of A students are not so secret,You
can learn and master them and become an A student,too.
Intensive Study
Text-related Information
Introduction
Study hard or hardly study?
Some students play football,act
in plays,play tennis and engage in
many other activities,but they still
get A’s in their studies,However,there are some other
students who study hard enough but do not achieve as
much,Why? Is it simply that those A students have better
brains? Educational specialists do not think so,They
suggest that to succeed in the studies,one should apply a
few ―techniques‖,These techniques are the secrets of A
students,If you make use of them,you can be an A
student,too,More to learn
Text-related Information
Grading System
Schools,colleges and universities in Great Britain and
the United States commonly use letter grades to indicate
the quality of a student’s academic performance,A
(excellent),B (good),C (average),D (below average),and
F (failing),In the United States,work rated C or above is
usually required of an undergraduate student to continue
his/her studies; work rated B
or higher is usually required
of a graduate student to
continue,In percentage
scales,100 percent is the
highest mark,and 70 percent
(or 65 percent) is usually the
lowest passing mark.
make the most of
— to use or enjoy to the greatest advantage; to use in
the best way
e.g.
? The local government is determined to make the
most of the region’s natural resources to further
promote economic and social progress.
Translate
汤姆打算充分利用学校图书馆完成他的学期论文 。
Key
Tom intends to make the most of the university
library for his term paper.
count for much/little/nothing
— to be of much/little/no worth or importance
e.g.
? Knowledge without common sense counts for little.
Translate
A man with no sense of responsibility does not count
for anything.
Key
没有责任心的人起不了什么作用 。
e.g.
? He worked like a slave putting in fifteen hours of
work daily.
put in
— to spend,pass (a specified amount of time,etc.)
Cf.
put across
— to state so as to be understood clearly or accepted
readily
e.g,She tried to put across her views during the
discussion.
Cf
forward
propose for consideration
e.g,The engineer has put forward a plan to improve the
quality of the products.
down
to record or enter in w iting,write down,make a
note of
? I write my notes in the wider part,and put down the
main ideas on the left,(Line 66,Para,9)
? The secretary quickly put down some notes in her
notebook while her manager was talking to her.
away
put in the usual place of storage,put or store (sth.)
in its proper place
… most students clos their books,put away papers,
talk to friends and get ready to leave,(Line 71,Para,9)
It’s going to rain,we’d better put away our picnic
things and go indoors.
athlete
— sb,who is good at sports,esp,those for competition
Cf.
athlete,a person who is skilled in bodily exercises and
who competes in games that need strength
and speed,such as running and jumping
sportsman/sportswoman,a person who is keen on,
or good at,sports.
player,sb,who plays in a ballgame,often
professionally.
Drill
1,Michael Jordan is believed to be the best basketball
_____.
2,It was quite a view when the _____ from all over the
world marched onto the sports ground.
3,Mr,Smith is a keen _____ and enjoys all kinds of
outdoor activities.
player
athlete
sportsman
while conj.
— during the time that
Usage
while + doing = while + clause
e.g,… while brushing his teeth
= … while he was brushing his teeth
Similar pattern
Before writing anything,I divide my page into
two parts,(Line 65)
Cf.
1,during the time that
e.g,Strike while the iron is hot.
2,although
e.g,While the grandpa love the childr n,he is strict
with them
3,whereas; and
e.g,Web companies are hot,while most of them are
in red.
get one’s hand on
— to get hold of (sth,or sb.); to seize
Translate
1,在那些年月里，她读了所有 能够到手 的书 。
In those years,she read everything she
could get her hands on.
2,The hungry boy ate up everything he could get
his hands on from the refrigerator.
饥饿的男孩把从冰箱里 拿到的 所有东西都吃光了。
e.g.
? The skinny girl declared she would cut down on food
so as to lose weight.
Translate
医生敦促病人 减少 抽烟和饮酒 。
Key
The doctor urged the patient to cut down on
smoking and drinking.
cut down on
— to reduce
e.g,set a task
set an alarm clock
set a table
set June 6 as the day of invasion
The manager set his secretary various tasks when
he was away on a business trip.
set v.
— to assign,put forward or arrange as (material to be
dealt with)
Cf.
— adj,fixed or established by agreement
e.g.
? The order to cancel launching the space shuttle came
only 5 seconds before the set time.
? Please follow the set procedures for the application of
the scholarship.
e.g.
? The results of the experiment were written up into a
report.
write up
— write (again) in a neat and complete form
Cf.
write out
— to express or compose in writing
e.g,She wrote out a request for a salary raise.
Cf
off
to canc l from accounts as a loss
.g,T industrial nation are reluctant to write off the
debts of the underdeveloped countries.
e.g.
? Do we have to stick rightly to the rules?
stick to
— keep to,refuse to leave or change
Translate
作出了许诺, 你就应该 信守 。
Key
If you make a promise,you should stick to it.
e.g.
? A few words of encouragement can work wonders in
her when she is not very confident.
? The scientist tried the new approach in the
experiment,and to his amazement,it worked
wonders!
? Doctors have discovered that keeping a pet can do
wonders for one’s health.
work/do wonders
— bring unexpectedly good results
e.g.
? The argument will certainly lead to still greater
differences between the two countries.
Translate
Active reading,according to education experts,will
lead to a better understanding of what is being read.
Key
教育专家认为积极阅读会 导致 对阅读材料更好的理解 。
lead to
— have as a result,cause something to happen or exist
e.g.
? The new approach for learning English has done
wonders in the 3rd grade pupils.
approach n.
— method of doing something or dealing with a
problem
Cf.
v.
1) to come or go near or nearer (to),as in pace
or time
e.g,As graduation day approached,excitement increased.
2,to come close to,as in quality,appearance,or
condition
e.g,The performance approaches perfection.
e.g.
? Why is he not allowed to make the decision on his
own? After all,he’s over 18.
? Without enough blood supply,the doctor decided to
do the operation after all.
after all
— 1) it should be remembered that（要知道）
2) in spite of everything（毕竟，终究，还是）
Translate
A chain is no stronger than its weakest link,and life
is after all a chain.
– William James (1842-1910)
U.S,psychologistKey
一根链条最脆弱的连接处就是这根链条的结实程度,
要知道 生命就像一根链条 。
我知道工作很辛苦, 不过你的报酬 毕竟 也不低 。
Key
I know the work is hard,but you are highly
paid after all.
Exercises
? Comprehension
Ex,II
? Vocabulary
Ex,IV ~ VI
? Listening & Discussion
Part 3.3
1,The best students are not necessarily those who work
the hardest.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,3
Hard work isn’t the whole story either.
Comprehension
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
,读写教程 I,,Ex,II,p,9
2,Intelligence is the key to getting good grades.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,2
Brains aren’t the only answer.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
3,It is not necessary to study only in the library or at your
desk.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,5
Study anywhere — or everywhere.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
4,Organizing materials helps you to study more
efficiently.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,6
Tom,―I kept everything just where I could get my
hands on it.‖
Paul,… keeps two folders for each subject.
A drawer keeps essentials together and cuts down
on time-wasting searches.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
5,Taking breaks while you study disturbs your
concentration.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,7
―Even a short break to stretch or get some fresh air can
work wonders.‖
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
6,It is important to read every word of your
assignment with care.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,8
―But then I got used to reading quickly; if the first
sentence of a paragraph wasn’t relevant,I’d move on to the
next paragraph.‖
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
7,Asking questions is a sign of being a good student.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,10
―If you ask questions,you know at once whether you
have got the point or not.‖
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
8,For group study to be effective,everyone should use
the same approach.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,11
Asian-American students discussed homework,tried
different approaches and explained their solutions to one
another while the others studied alone,spent most of their
time reading and rereading the text,and tried the same
approach time after time even if it was unsuccessful.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
? Vocabulary
Ex,IV
Ex,V
? Word Building
Ex,VI
Exercises
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
1,There are no simple _____ to the problem of
overpopulation.
?solutions
2,We often _____ advice which we do not wish to hear.
?ignore
Vocabulary
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
,读写教程 I,,Ex,IV,p,10
3,Even the doctor couldn’t _____ Tom to give up smoking.
?persuade
4,The evening newspaper is going to _____ a couple of
reporters to cover(报道 ) the Olympic Games in Sydney.
?assign
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
5,―Next Monday is the _____ for handing in this essay,‖
said the professor to his class,―Be sure to meet it.‖
?deadline
6,I don’t think we can solve the problem this way,We
should try a different _____.
?approach
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
7,Alex bought a map of the world and _____ it on his
bedroom wall.
?stuck
8,He earns $ 200 a week and has little money for anything
except the _____ of life.
?essentials
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
9,Though she was very busy with her studies,Amanda
_____ to find time to play tennis regularly.
?managed
10,He is very rich,but that does not _____ mean that he is
happy.
?necessarily
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
11,Short-term memories are those which are _____ only for
a few minutes.
?retained
12,The essay is _____ next Monday,I have done a rough
_____ but haven’t written it up yet.
?due,draft
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
1,The doctor suggested that both of them spend 20 minutes
a day doing taijiquan.
put in
2,Tom studied hard,He wanted to make the best use of his
time in college to learn as much as he could.
make the most of
,读写教程 I,,Ex,V,p,11
Vocabulary
3,In taking notes,you don’t have to write down everything
the teacher says.
put down
4,Active reading,according to education experts,will result
in a better understanding of what is being read.
lead to
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
5,During those years in the countryside,she was reading
everything she could find.
get hands on
6,It’s going to rain,we’d better put our picnic things in
proper places and go indoors.
put away
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
7,In spite of the new difficulties,we’ve decided not to change
our plan.
to stick to
8,I have told you again and again not to exercise
immediately after lunch or supper.
time after time
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
9,Taking his doctor’s advice,my uncle has smoked less as
the first step.
has cut down on smoking
10,Knowing how to make the most of your abilities is much
more important than working hard.
counts for much more
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
Suffixes
-ment,-ation,-tion,-sion
to form nouns from verbs
to be added to:
verbs
assign + -ment ? assignment educate + -ion? education
v,n,v,n.
Examples:
,读写教程 I,,Ex,VI,p,11
Word Building
VI,Give the noun form of each of the following verbs,Make
changes in the spelling where necessary.
1,announce __________ 2,collect __________
3,examine __________ 4,develop __________
5,connect __________ 6,imagine __________
7,govern __________ 8,discuss __________
9,organize __________ 10,improve __________
announcement collection
examination development
connection imagination
government discussion
organization improvement
Word Building
11,express __________ 12,permit __________
13,move __________ 14,concentrate __________
15,divide __________ 16,solve __________
17,participate__________ 18,revise __________
expression permission
movement concentration
division solution
participation revision
Word Building
VI,Give the noun form of each of the following verbs,Make
changes in the spelling where necessary.
Directions,Listen carefully to the following text-related
conversation and find answers to the questions
after it.
Listening & Speaking
,听说教程 I,,Part 3.3,p,6
Answer Questions
1,What’s the topic of this interview?
Approaches to academic success.
2,What activities does Amanda take part in besides her
studies?
Amanda is an actress and a tennis player.
Listening & Speaking
3,What’s Amanda’s secret for being an A student?
Making the most of her time and knowing how to read.
4,Does every student know how to read,in Amanda’s
opinion? Why or why not?
No,A lot of students read as if every word were essential.
Listening & Speaking
Answer Questions
5,How was Marty’s performance in high school?
Marty was one of the best students in high school,but his
university grades aren’t very good.
6,What is Marty’s attitude towards his university studies?
Having fun is important too.
Listening & Speaking
Answer Questions
7,Who is the football player among them? How is the
progressing with his studies?
David is the football player,He got three A’s last semester.
8,What’s David’s study secret?
Using the time he spends exercising and brushing his teeth
to memorize biology terms or Chinese vocabulary;
studying anywhere.
Listening & Speaking
Answer Questions
Script
Listening & Speaking,Script
T,Good morning,this is Tom Stevens — welcome to Shanghai
Jiao Tong University Foreign Student Radio,Our topic
tonight is academic achievement,How to get to the head of
the class without really trying,Amanda,Marty and David
are SJTU students,and they’re with us tonight to discuss
their approaches to academic success,Amanda,you’re a
straight A student,but you also make time for extra-
curricular activities,You’re one of the best-known
actresses on campus,and you play tennis too,Tell us your
secret,Amanda,how do you manage it?
A,(laughing) Anyone can manage it,Tom! It’s just a question
of making the most of your time,Sticking to a study
schedule lets me really concentrate on my homework when
I need to,and make tim for other things I’m in eresting in
as well.
T,So organizing your time is the whole story?
A,W ll,knowing how to read helps too.
T,Knowing how to read?! Surely every university student
knows how to read!
A,Not necessarily,Tom! I know a lot of studen s who read as if
every word were essential,and that’s almost never true.
I save lots of time by scanning the material first,to find the
parts that are most relevant.
,reat advice,Amanda! Now Marty,what about you? I hear
you were one of the best students in your high school,but
your university grades aren’t so good,What’s wrong?
M,Nothing’s wrong,Tom,I’m just enjoying myself,Having
fun is important too!
T,So whe they start giving grade for partying —
M,I’ll be at the top of the class! (General laughter)
T,Now David — you play football for SJTU,but last semester
you got three A’s,I guess you aren’t one of those
underachieving athletes I’ve been reading about.
D,I used to be,Tom,But then a tutor showed me how I could
use the time I spend exercising to memorize biology terms,
or learn Chinese vocabulary while I’m brushing my teeth.
Now that I know I can study anywhere,I perform a lot
better.
T,That’s great news,David — and a great piece of advice for
other students who want to get to the top of the class.
Thanks for joining us this evening — and thank you for
listening to SJTU Foreign Student Radio.
Assignment
1,Revision of Text A:
? Structure Ex,VII ~ X p.12
? Cloze Ex,XI p.13
? Translation Ex,XII p.14
2,Preview of Text B:
? Comprehension Check p,2
21st Century College English,Book 1
Secrets of A Students
Unit 1,Part A
? Pre-Reading Activities
? Intensive Study
? Exercises
? Assignment
Pre-reading Activities,Warm-up Questions
1,Based on the title,guess what the text is about.
2,Look at the subheadings,1-8,in the text,Which of
these activities do you already do? In which areas do
you feel you need improvement?
3,Are there any ―secrets‖ to your own success as a
student? In other words,do you have any special
study techniques which have been very successful
for you?
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
First Listening,Before listening to the tape,have a quick
look at the following words.
grade
concentrate
schedule
pressure
selectively
relevant
skip over
approach
n,a mark indicating a student’s
level of accomplishment
v,to direct one’s thoughts or attention
n,a plan for performing work or
achieving an objectiven,an oppressive condition of physical,
mental,social,or economic distressad,by selection or discrimination
a,having connection with the matter at hand
to pass from point to point,omitting or
disregarding what is unimportantn,a method used in dealing with sth.
Second Listening,Listen to the tape again,Then,
choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1.
A) to describe college life
B) to give advice for college success
C) to warn against being lazy at college
D) to increase college enrollment (入学人数 )
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Second Listening,Listen to the tape again,Then,
choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
2.
A) asking questions in class
B) doing assignments ahead of time
C) working as hard as you can
D) learning how to study effectively
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Second Listening,Listen to the tape again,Then,
choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
3.
A) Organize your time and materials.
B) Write down every word the professor says in class.
C) Treat studying like business.
D) Study together.
own wor las
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Script
Getting good grades in college does not only depend on
how smart you are or even on how hard you work,In fact,the
biggest key to success in college is learning how to study
effectively,The following secrets of ―A‖ students will tell you
what it takes to get the best grades you can.
First of all,concentrate! Treat studying like a serious
business,not something you can do while eating or watching
TV at the same time.
Secondly,study anywhere — or everywhere,If your
schedule is full,study while you are doing other things such
as exercising or brushing your teeth.
Third,organize your materials,If everything you need is
kept in one place,you can work more efficiently.
Fourth,organize your time,Start working on assignments
well in advance so that you can avoid last-minute pressure.
Fifth,learn how to read selectively,Pay careful attention
to passages that are relevant to what you are learning and
skip over those that aren’t.
Sixth,take good notes,Write down the professor’s ideas
and your own and also summarize the main points of each
lecture.
Seventh,ask questions,This will make clear what points
you understand well and in what areas you need more work.
inally study together,Working in a group with other
students allows you to try different approaches and get
support from your partners.
These are the secrets of ―A‖ students,When you apply
them to your own work,you’ll be on the way to becoming an
―A‖ student too.
Pre-reading Activities,Listening
Intensive Study
? Intensive Study
? Difficult sentences
? Key words,phrases & usages
? Comprehension exercises
Secrets of A Students
By Edwin Kiester & Sally Valentine Kiester
1 Alex,now a first-year student in natural sciences at
Cambridge,played football for his school in Manchester and
directed the school production of a play,He left school with
five A’s,Amanda,reading English at Bristol University,acted
in plays at hers,and played tennis regularly,Yet she still
managed to get fourA’s.
Intensive Study
2 How do A students like these make it? Brains aren’t the
only answer,The most gifted students do not necessarily
perform best in exams,Knowing how to make the most of
one’s abilities counts for much more.
3 Hard work isn’t the whole story either,Some of these
high-achieving students actually put in fewer hours than
their lower-scoring classmates,The students at the top of
the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that
others can easily learn,Here,according to education
experts and students themselves,are the secrets of A
students.
Intensive Study
4 1,Concentrate! Top students allow no interruptions of
their study time,Once the books are open,phone calls go
unanswered,TV unwatched and newspapers unread,―This
doesn’t mean ignoring important things in your life,‖
Amanda explains,―It means planning your study time so
that you can concentrate,If I’m worried about a sick friend,
I call her before I start my homework,Then when I sit down
to study,I can really focus.‖
Intensive Study
5 2,Study anywhere — or everywhere,A university
professor in Arizona assigned to tutor underachieving
college athletes,recalls a runner who exercised daily,He
persuaded him to use the time to memorise biology terms.
Another student stuck a vocabulary list on his bathroom
wall and learned a new word every day while brushing his
teeth.
Intensive Study
6 3,Organize your materials,At school,Tom played
basketball,―I was too busy to waste time looking for a pencil
or a missing notebook,I kept everything just where I could
get my hands on it,‖ he says,Paul,a student in New Mexico,
keeps two folders for each subject — one for the day’s
assignments,the other for homework completed and ready to
hand in,A drawer keeps essentials together and cuts down on
time-wasting searches.
Intensive Study
7 4,Organize your time,When a teacher set a long essay,
Alex would spend a couple of days reading round the subject
and making notes,then he’d do a rough draft and write up
the essay,He would aim to finish a couple of days before the
assignment was due so that if it took longer than expected,
he’d still meet the deadline,Amanda stuck to a study
schedule that included breaks every two hours,―Trying to
study when you’re overtired isn’t smart,‖ she advises,―Even
a short break to stretch or get some fresh air can work
wonders.‖
Intensive Study
8 5,Learn how to read,―I used to spend hours going
through irrelevant material,‖ Amanda remembers,―But then
I got used to reading quickly; if the first sentence of a
paragraph wasn’t relevant,I’d move on to the next
paragraph.‖ ―The best course I ever took,‖ says an
Oklahoma student,―was speed-reading,I not only increased
my words per minute but also learned to look at a book’s
table of contents and pictures first,Then,when I began to
read,I had a sense of the material and I retained a lot more.‖
To such students,the secret of good reading is to be an active
reader — one who keeps asking questions that lead to a full
understanding of the material being read.
Intensive Study
9 6,Take good notes,―Before writing anything,I divide
my page into two parts,‖ says Amanda,―the left part is
about one third of the page wide; the right,two-thirds,I
write my notes in the wider part,and put down the main
ideas on the left,During revision,this is very useful because
you can see immediately why the material is relevant,rather
than being worried by a great mass of information.‖ Just
before the end-of-lesson bell rings,most students close their
books,put away papers,talk to friends and get ready to
leave,But a smart student uses those few minutes to write
two or three sentences about the lesson’s main points,which
he scans before the next class.
Intensive Study
10 7,Ask questions,―If you ask questions,you know at once
whether you have got the point or not,‖ says Alex,Class
participation is a matter of showing intellectual curiosity,In a
lecture on economics,for example,curious students would
ask how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and
market-driven,thus interesting themselves not only in whats,
but also in whys and hows.
Intensive Study
11 8,Study together,The value of working together was
shown in an experiment at the University of California at
Berkeley,A graduate student there who observed a first-year
calculus course found that Asian-American students
discussed homework,tried different approaches and
explained their solutions to one another while the others
studied alone,spent most of their time reading and rereading
the text,and tried the same approach time after time even if it
was unsuccessful.
Intensive Study
12 After all,the secrets of A students are not so secret,You
can learn and master them and become an A student,too.
Intensive Study
Text-related Information
Introduction
Study hard or hardly study?
Some students play football,act
in plays,play tennis and engage in
many other activities,but they still
get A’s in their studies,However,there are some other
students who study hard enough but do not achieve as
much,Why? Is it simply that those A students have better
brains? Educational specialists do not think so,They
suggest that to succeed in the studies,one should apply a
few ―techniques‖,These techniques are the secrets of A
students,If you make use of them,you can be an A
student,too,More to learn
Text-related Information
Grading System
Schools,colleges and universities in Great Britain and
the United States commonly use letter grades to indicate
the quality of a student’s academic performance,A
(excellent),B (good),C (average),D (below average),and
F (failing),In the United States,work rated C or above is
usually required of an undergraduate student to continue
his/her studies; work rated B
or higher is usually required
of a graduate student to
continue,In percentage
scales,100 percent is the
highest mark,and 70 percent
(or 65 percent) is usually the
lowest passing mark.
make the most of
— to use or enjoy to the greatest advantage; to use in
the best way
e.g.
? The local government is determined to make the
most of the region’s natural resources to further
promote economic and social progress.
Translate
汤姆打算充分利用学校图书馆完成他的学期论文 。
Key
Tom intends to make the most of the university
library for his term paper.
count for much/little/nothing
— to be of much/little/no worth or importance
e.g.
? Knowledge without common sense counts for little.
Translate
A man with no sense of responsibility does not count
for anything.
Key
没有责任心的人起不了什么作用 。
e.g.
? He worked like a slave putting in fifteen hours of
work daily.
put in
— to spend,pass (a specified amount of time,etc.)
Cf.
put across
— to state so as to be understood clearly or accepted
readily
e.g,She tried to put across her views during the
discussion.
Cf
forward
propose for consideration
e.g,The engineer has put forward a plan to improve the
quality of the products.
down
to record or enter in w iting,write down,make a
note of
? I write my notes in the wider part,and put down the
main ideas on the left,(Line 66,Para,9)
? The secretary quickly put down some notes in her
notebook while her manager was talking to her.
away
put in the usual place of storage,put or store (sth.)
in its proper place
… most students clos their books,put away papers,
talk to friends and get ready to leave,(Line 71,Para,9)
It’s going to rain,we’d better put away our picnic
things and go indoors.
athlete
— sb,who is good at sports,esp,those for competition
Cf.
athlete,a person who is skilled in bodily exercises and
who competes in games that need strength
and speed,such as running and jumping
sportsman/sportswoman,a person who is keen on,
or good at,sports.
player,sb,who plays in a ballgame,often
professionally.
Drill
1,Michael Jordan is believed to be the best basketball
_____.
2,It was quite a view when the _____ from all over the
world marched onto the sports ground.
3,Mr,Smith is a keen _____ and enjoys all kinds of
outdoor activities.
player
athlete
sportsman
while conj.
— during the time that
Usage
while + doing = while + clause
e.g,… while brushing his teeth
= … while he was brushing his teeth
Similar pattern
Before writing anything,I divide my page into
two parts,(Line 65)
Cf.
1,during the time that
e.g,Strike while the iron is hot.
2,although
e.g,While the grandpa love the childr n,he is strict
with them
3,whereas; and
e.g,Web companies are hot,while most of them are
in red.
get one’s hand on
— to get hold of (sth,or sb.); to seize
Translate
1,在那些年月里，她读了所有 能够到手 的书 。
In those years,she read everything she
could get her hands on.
2,The hungry boy ate up everything he could get
his hands on from the refrigerator.
饥饿的男孩把从冰箱里 拿到的 所有东西都吃光了。
e.g.
? The skinny girl declared she would cut down on food
so as to lose weight.
Translate
医生敦促病人 减少 抽烟和饮酒 。
Key
The doctor urged the patient to cut down on
smoking and drinking.
cut down on
— to reduce
e.g,set a task
set an alarm clock
set a table
set June 6 as the day of invasion
The manager set his secretary various tasks when
he was away on a business trip.
set v.
— to assign,put forward or arrange as (material to be
dealt with)
Cf.
— adj,fixed or established by agreement
e.g.
? The order to cancel launching the space shuttle came
only 5 seconds before the set time.
? Please follow the set procedures for the application of
the scholarship.
e.g.
? The results of the experiment were written up into a
report.
write up
— write (again) in a neat and complete form
Cf.
write out
— to express or compose in writing
e.g,She wrote out a request for a salary raise.
Cf
off
to canc l from accounts as a loss
.g,T industrial nation are reluctant to write off the
debts of the underdeveloped countries.
e.g.
? Do we have to stick rightly to the rules?
stick to
— keep to,refuse to leave or change
Translate
作出了许诺, 你就应该 信守 。
Key
If you make a promise,you should stick to it.
e.g.
? A few words of encouragement can work wonders in
her when she is not very confident.
? The scientist tried the new approach in the
experiment,and to his amazement,it worked
wonders!
? Doctors have discovered that keeping a pet can do
wonders for one’s health.
work/do wonders
— bring unexpectedly good results
e.g.
? The argument will certainly lead to still greater
differences between the two countries.
Translate
Active reading,according to education experts,will
lead to a better understanding of what is being read.
Key
教育专家认为积极阅读会 导致 对阅读材料更好的理解 。
lead to
— have as a result,cause something to happen or exist
e.g.
? The new approach for learning English has done
wonders in the 3rd grade pupils.
approach n.
— method of doing something or dealing with a
problem
Cf.
v.
1) to come or go near or nearer (to),as in pace
or time
e.g,As graduation day approached,excitement increased.
2,to come close to,as in quality,appearance,or
condition
e.g,The performance approaches perfection.
e.g.
? Why is he not allowed to make the decision on his
own? After all,he’s over 18.
? Without enough blood supply,the doctor decided to
do the operation after all.
after all
— 1) it should be remembered that（要知道）
2) in spite of everything（毕竟，终究，还是）
Translate
A chain is no stronger than its weakest link,and life
is after all a chain.
– William James (1842-1910)
U.S,psychologistKey
一根链条最脆弱的连接处就是这根链条的结实程度,
要知道 生命就像一根链条 。
我知道工作很辛苦, 不过你的报酬 毕竟 也不低 。
Key
I know the work is hard,but you are highly
paid after all.
Exercises
? Comprehension
Ex,II
? Vocabulary
Ex,IV ~ VI
? Listening & Discussion
Part 3.3
1,The best students are not necessarily those who work
the hardest.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,3
Hard work isn’t the whole story either.
Comprehension
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
,读写教程 I,,Ex,II,p,9
2,Intelligence is the key to getting good grades.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,2
Brains aren’t the only answer.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
3,It is not necessary to study only in the library or at your
desk.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,5
Study anywhere — or everywhere.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
4,Organizing materials helps you to study more
efficiently.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,6
Tom,―I kept everything just where I could get my
hands on it.‖
Paul,… keeps two folders for each subject.
A drawer keeps essentials together and cuts down
on time-wasting searches.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
5,Taking breaks while you study disturbs your
concentration.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,7
―Even a short break to stretch or get some fresh air can
work wonders.‖
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
6,It is important to read every word of your
assignment with care.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,8
―But then I got used to reading quickly; if the first
sentence of a paragraph wasn’t relevant,I’d move on to the
next paragraph.‖
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
7,Asking questions is a sign of being a good student.
Key,True
Relevant to,Para,10
―If you ask questions,you know at once whether you
have got the point or not.‖
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
8,For group study to be effective,everyone should use
the same approach.
Key,False
Relevant to,Para,11
Asian-American students discussed homework,tried
different approaches and explained their solutions to one
another while the others studied alone,spent most of their
time reading and rereading the text,and tried the same
approach time after time even if it was unsuccessful.
II,Decide whether each of the statements below is true or false
according to the text,Write the letter T or F before each statement.
Comprehension
? Vocabulary
Ex,IV
Ex,V
? Word Building
Ex,VI
Exercises
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
1,There are no simple _____ to the problem of
overpopulation.
?solutions
2,We often _____ advice which we do not wish to hear.
?ignore
Vocabulary
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
,读写教程 I,,Ex,IV,p,10
3,Even the doctor couldn’t _____ Tom to give up smoking.
?persuade
4,The evening newspaper is going to _____ a couple of
reporters to cover(报道 ) the Olympic Games in Sydney.
?assign
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
5,―Next Monday is the _____ for handing in this essay,‖
said the professor to his class,―Be sure to meet it.‖
?deadline
6,I don’t think we can solve the problem this way,We
should try a different _____.
?approach
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
7,Alex bought a map of the world and _____ it on his
bedroom wall.
?stuck
8,He earns $ 200 a week and has little money for anything
except the _____ of life.
?essentials
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
9,Though she was very busy with her studies,Amanda
_____ to find time to play tennis regularly.
?managed
10,He is very rich,but that does not _____ mean that he is
happy.
?necessarily
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
11,Short-term memories are those which are _____ only for
a few minutes.
?retained
12,The essay is _____ next Monday,I have done a rough
_____ but haven’t written it up yet.
?due,draft
Vocabulary
IV,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,Change the form
where necessary.
approach assign deadline draft stick
due essentials ignore manage
necessarily persuade retain solution
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
1,The doctor suggested that both of them spend 20 minutes
a day doing taijiquan.
put in
2,Tom studied hard,He wanted to make the best use of his
time in college to learn as much as he could.
make the most of
,读写教程 I,,Ex,V,p,11
Vocabulary
3,In taking notes,you don’t have to write down everything
the teacher says.
put down
4,Active reading,according to education experts,will result
in a better understanding of what is being read.
lead to
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
5,During those years in the countryside,she was reading
everything she could find.
get hands on
6,It’s going to rain,we’d better put our picnic things in
proper places and go indoors.
put away
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
7,In spite of the new difficulties,we’ve decided not to change
our plan.
to stick to
8,I have told you again and again not to exercise
immediately after lunch or supper.
time after time
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
9,Taking his doctor’s advice,my uncle has smoked less as
the first step.
has cut down on smoking
10,Knowing how to make the most of your abilities is much
more important than working hard.
counts for much more
Vocabulary
V,Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with
the words or expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
Suffixes
-ment,-ation,-tion,-sion
to form nouns from verbs
to be added to:
verbs
assign + -ment ? assignment educate + -ion? education
v,n,v,n.
Examples:
,读写教程 I,,Ex,VI,p,11
Word Building
VI,Give the noun form of each of the following verbs,Make
changes in the spelling where necessary.
1,announce __________ 2,collect __________
3,examine __________ 4,develop __________
5,connect __________ 6,imagine __________
7,govern __________ 8,discuss __________
9,organize __________ 10,improve __________
announcement collection
examination development
connection imagination
government discussion
organization improvement
Word Building
11,express __________ 12,permit __________
13,move __________ 14,concentrate __________
15,divide __________ 16,solve __________
17,participate__________ 18,revise __________
expression permission
movement concentration
division solution
participation revision
Word Building
VI,Give the noun form of each of the following verbs,Make
changes in the spelling where necessary.
Directions,Listen carefully to the following text-related
conversation and find answers to the questions
after it.
Listening & Speaking
,听说教程 I,,Part 3.3,p,6
Answer Questions
1,What’s the topic of this interview?
Approaches to academic success.
2,What activities does Amanda take part in besides her
studies?
Amanda is an actress and a tennis player.
Listening & Speaking
3,What’s Amanda’s secret for being an A student?
Making the most of her time and knowing how to read.
4,Does every student know how to read,in Amanda’s
opinion? Why or why not?
No,A lot of students read as if every word were essential.
Listening & Speaking
Answer Questions
5,How was Marty’s performance in high school?
Marty was one of the best students in high school,but his
university grades aren’t very good.
6,What is Marty’s attitude towards his university studies?
Having fun is important too.
Listening & Speaking
Answer Questions
7,Who is the football player among them? How is the
progressing with his studies?
David is the football player,He got three A’s last semester.
8,What’s David’s study secret?
Using the time he spends exercising and brushing his teeth
to memorize biology terms or Chinese vocabulary;
studying anywhere.
Listening & Speaking
Answer Questions
Script
Listening & Speaking,Script
T,Good morning,this is Tom Stevens — welcome to Shanghai
Jiao Tong University Foreign Student Radio,Our topic
tonight is academic achievement,How to get to the head of
the class without really trying,Amanda,Marty and David
are SJTU students,and they’re with us tonight to discuss
their approaches to academic success,Amanda,you’re a
straight A student,but you also make time for extra-
curricular activities,You’re one of the best-known
actresses on campus,and you play tennis too,Tell us your
secret,Amanda,how do you manage it?
A,(laughing) Anyone can manage it,Tom! It’s just a question
of making the most of your time,Sticking to a study
schedule lets me really concentrate on my homework when
I need to,and make tim for other things I’m in eresting in
as well.
T,So organizing your time is the whole story?
A,W ll,knowing how to read helps too.
T,Knowing how to read?! Surely every university student
knows how to read!
A,Not necessarily,Tom! I know a lot of studen s who read as if
every word were essential,and that’s almost never true.
I save lots of time by scanning the material first,to find the
parts that are most relevant.
,reat advice,Amanda! Now Marty,what about you? I hear
you were one of the best students in your high school,but
your university grades aren’t so good,What’s wrong?
M,Nothing’s wrong,Tom,I’m just enjoying myself,Having
fun is important too!
T,So whe they start giving grade for partying —
M,I’ll be at the top of the class! (General laughter)
T,Now David — you play football for SJTU,but last semester
you got three A’s,I guess you aren’t one of those
underachieving athletes I’ve been reading about.
D,I used to be,Tom,But then a tutor showed me how I could
use the time I spend exercising to memorize biology terms,
or learn Chinese vocabulary while I’m brushing my teeth.
Now that I know I can study anywhere,I perform a lot
better.
T,That’s great news,David — and a great piece of advice for
other students who want to get to the top of the class.
Thanks for joining us this evening — and thank you for
listening to SJTU Foreign Student Radio.
Assignment
1,Revision of Text A:
? Structure Ex,VII ~ X p.12
? Cloze Ex,XI p.13
? Translation Ex,XII p.14
2,Preview of Text B:
? Comprehension Check p,2
