Solution 10.8.5.6
The Bode magnitude and phase plots are shown in Figure 1, for K =1000.
The Nyquist plot for the standard contour is shown in Figure 2
-275
-250
-225
-200
-175
-150
-125
-100
-75
-50
-25
0
25
Phase in Degrees
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
Magnitude in Decibels
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency in Radians/Sec.
Phase in Degrees
Magnitude in Decibels
Figure 1: Bode Plots of GH =
5(s+2)
(s+1+j)(s+1;j)(s+20)(s+40)
The Nyquist plot for the nonstandard contour used in this problem is
shown in Figure 3
For this particular nonstandard contour all wehavetodoisreverse
the dirctions of the arrows. This works because wetraverse segmentIIIin
opposite directions on the twocontours.
For K = 100 the point`a'is
GH(j30) = 10
;33=20
6
;180
=0:02239
6
;180
1
a
I
II
Im(GH)
Re(GH)
Figure 2: Plot in in GH-plane
To make
GH(j30) = 1:0
6
;180
:
The gain must be increased to
K =
1000
0:02239
= 44;;670
For 0 <K<44;;670the point GH = ;1isinregion I, and there are no
encirclements of ;1. For the chosen contour in the s-plane, all the poles of
GH are outside the contour. Thus the Nyquist equation is
Z = N + P
= 0+0=0
Thus for 0 <K<44;;670 The system is stable. For K>44;;670 the
point GH = ;1isinregion II, and there are thus twocounterclockwise
encirclements of the point GH = ;1. Thus
Z = N +P
= 2+0
= 2
2
a
Im(GH)
Re(GH)
I II
Figure 3: Nyqusit plot for nonstandard contour
Thus, there are twoclosed loop poles in the righthalf plane.
3