Advanced English
Lvhong
English Department R-516
Lhong9904@yahoo.com
82066873
Unit 2
Marrakech
by George Orwell
Teaching Points
? I,Background knowledge
? II,Introduction to the passage
? III,Text Analysis
? IV,Rhetorical devices
? V,Questions
1,Background Knowledge
? 1,George Orwell
? 2,Morocco
? 3,Marrakech
? 4,The Jewish people
George Orwell
George Orwell
? George Orwell (pen name)
? Eric Arthur Blair (1903 – 1950)
? British novelist and essayist
George Orwell
? Orwell was famous for his political satires,
? He was an uncompromising individualist
and political idealist,
? Orwell argued that writers have an
obligation of fighting social injustice,
oppression,and the power of totalitarian
regimes.
George Orwell
? Masterpiece:
? ANIMAL FARM (1945)
? NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR (1949)
Morocco
? Location,
? In North Africa,on the Mediterranean Sea
and the Atlantic Ocean,Morocco is the
farthest west of all the Arab countries.
? Capital,Rabat
? Population,about 18,000.000
Marrakech in Morocco
Marrakech
? Location:
? In west central Morocco,at the Northern
foot of the high Atlas,130 miles south of
Casablanca,the chief seaport.
? It is the principal commercial centers of
Morocco.
? It has extremely hot summers but mild
winters.
Marrakech City
Marrakech
? Marrakech is not only a fantastic city,it
is also a symbol of the Morocco that
once was,and which still survives here,
The streets of the old and pink city
have been too narrow to allow the
introduction of cars,and tourists
searching for the "real" Morocco have
turned the medieval structures of
Marrakech into good business.
II,Introduction to the Passage
? 1,Type of literature:
? --- a piece of exposition
? 2,The purpose of a piece of exposition:
? --- to inform or explain
Introduction to the Passage
? 3,Ways of developing the thesis of a piece of
exposition:
? --- comparison
? --- contrast
? --- analogy
? --- identification
? --- illustration
? --- analysis,definition,etc.
Introduction to the Passage
? 4,The thesis:
? Orwell denounces the evils of
colonialism or imperialism,
?, All colonial empires are in reality
founded upon that fact.” (P.3)
Introduction to the Passage
? 5,The main ideas:
? In this essay Orwell denounces the evils
of colonialism by mercilessly exposing
the poverty,misery and degradation of
the native people in the colonies,
Introduction to the Passage
? Orwell shows poverty in 5 ways:
? 1,the burial of the poor inhabitants
? 2,An Arab Navvy begging for bread
? 3,The miserable lives of the Jews
? 4,Cultivation of the poor soil
? 5,The old women carrying firewood
III,Text Analysis
? 1,making effective use of specific verbs
? 2,using the methods of contrast,
illustration,comparison,etc,
? 3,clever choice of words and scenes
and tenses
effective use of verbs
? 1,Thread in,The little crowd of
mourners…threaded their way across the
market…” (P.2)
? 2,Rise,sweat,starve,sink in, They rise out
of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few
years…” (P,3)
? 3,Sidle in,An Arab navvy …sidled slowly
towards us” (P.6)
effective use of verbs
? 4,Grope in,Even a blind man…groping in
the air with his hand” (P.10)
? 5,Mummify in,all of them are mummified
with age and the sun” (P.19)
? 6,Hobble in,…the file of old women had
hobbled past…” (P.20)
? 7,Tip in,…its master tips it into the ditch”
? (P.20)
choice of words
? 1,Wailing a short chant over and over again
(p.2)
? 2,An Arab navvy working on the path
nearby (P.6)
? 3,He stowed it gratefully (P.7)
? 4,His left leg is warped out of shape (P.9)
? 5,As the Jews live in a self-contained
community (P.11)
choice of words
? 6,The plough is a wretched wooden thing
(P.18)
? 7,All of them are mummified with age and
the sun (P,19)
? 8,Their splendid bodies were hidden in
reach-me-down khaki uniforms (P.23)
? 9,So had the officers on their sweating
chargers (P,26)
New words
? Pomegranate
? Chant
? Bier
? Hack
? Oblong
? Hummocky
? Derelict
New words
? Undifferentiated
? Mound
? Prickly
? Nibble
? Navvy
? Stow
? ghetto
New words
? Warp
? Clamour
? Grove
? Desolate
? Fodder
? Yoke
? harrrow
New words
? Trickle
? Hobble
? Gut
? Plight
? Squash
? Syphilis
? garrison
Word formation
? 1,Burying-ground
? 2,Gravestone
? 3,mid-air
? 4,Overcrowding
? 5,Nine-tenths
Word formation
? 1,Burying-ground (verbal noun in –ing+noun)
? Drinking cup
? Hiding place
? Diving board
? Waiting room
? Writing desk
? Typing paper
Word formation
? 2,Gravestone (noun + noun)
? Oilwell
? Silkworm
? Shirtsleeves
? Girl-friend
? Gaslight
? Window-pane
Word formation
? 3,mid-air (adj + noun)
? Half-brother
? Black-market
? Half-pay
? Madman
? Darkroom
? hothouse
Word formation
? 4,Overcrowding (adv + verbal noun)
? Dry-cleaning
? Overeating
? Oversleeping
? Deep-freezing
? Down-grading
? Up-dating
Word formation
? 5,Nine-tenths (cardinal plus ordinal number)
? One-fifth
? Two-sixths
? Three-eighths
? One-ninth
IV,Rhetorical Devices
? 1,rhetorical questions
? 2,repetition
? 3,simile
? 4,elliptical sentences
Rhetorical Devices
? 1,Rhetorical questions:
? What does Morocco mean to a Frenchman?
An orange grove or a job in Government
service,Or to an Englishman? Camels,
castles,palm trees…(P.17)
Rhetorical Devices
? 1,Rhetorical questions:
? Are they really the same flesh as your self?
Do they even have names? Or are they
merely a kind of undifferentiated brown
stuff,about as individual as bees or coral
insects?…(P.3)
Rhetorical Devices
? Repetition:
? But there is one thought which every white
man thinks when he sees a black army
marching past…Every white man there had
this thought …I had it,so had the other
onlookers,so had the officers on their
sweating chargers and the white N.C,Os…
(P.25-26)
Rhetorical Devices
? Simile
? Long limes of women,bent double like
inverted capital Ls,work their way
slowly across the field… (P.18)
? And really it was like watching a flock of
cattle to see the long column,a mile or
two miles of armed men…(P.26)
Special Difficulties
? 1,Making sentences more compact by
proper subordination such as,
? --- subordinate clauses
? --- appositives
? --- prepositional phrases
? --- verbal phrases
V,Special Difficulties
? 2,synonyms,
? --wail,cry,weep,sob,whimper,moan
? --glisten,glitter,flash,shimmer,sparkle
Special Difficulties
? 3,Paraphrasing some sentences
? (P.27)
? The burying-ground is merely a huge
waste of hummocky earth,like a derelict
building-lot.
V,Questions
? 1,Orwell shows the poverty of the natives in
at least five ways,Identify them.
? 2,Could paragraphs 4-7 just as well come
after 8-15 as before? Why or why not?
? 3,Does this essay give readers a new insight
into imperialism?
? 4,Comment on Orwell’s lucid style and fine
attention to significant descriptive details.
Lvhong
English Department R-516
Lhong9904@yahoo.com
82066873
Unit 2
Marrakech
by George Orwell
Teaching Points
? I,Background knowledge
? II,Introduction to the passage
? III,Text Analysis
? IV,Rhetorical devices
? V,Questions
1,Background Knowledge
? 1,George Orwell
? 2,Morocco
? 3,Marrakech
? 4,The Jewish people
George Orwell
George Orwell
? George Orwell (pen name)
? Eric Arthur Blair (1903 – 1950)
? British novelist and essayist
George Orwell
? Orwell was famous for his political satires,
? He was an uncompromising individualist
and political idealist,
? Orwell argued that writers have an
obligation of fighting social injustice,
oppression,and the power of totalitarian
regimes.
George Orwell
? Masterpiece:
? ANIMAL FARM (1945)
? NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR (1949)
Morocco
? Location,
? In North Africa,on the Mediterranean Sea
and the Atlantic Ocean,Morocco is the
farthest west of all the Arab countries.
? Capital,Rabat
? Population,about 18,000.000
Marrakech in Morocco
Marrakech
? Location:
? In west central Morocco,at the Northern
foot of the high Atlas,130 miles south of
Casablanca,the chief seaport.
? It is the principal commercial centers of
Morocco.
? It has extremely hot summers but mild
winters.
Marrakech City
Marrakech
? Marrakech is not only a fantastic city,it
is also a symbol of the Morocco that
once was,and which still survives here,
The streets of the old and pink city
have been too narrow to allow the
introduction of cars,and tourists
searching for the "real" Morocco have
turned the medieval structures of
Marrakech into good business.
II,Introduction to the Passage
? 1,Type of literature:
? --- a piece of exposition
? 2,The purpose of a piece of exposition:
? --- to inform or explain
Introduction to the Passage
? 3,Ways of developing the thesis of a piece of
exposition:
? --- comparison
? --- contrast
? --- analogy
? --- identification
? --- illustration
? --- analysis,definition,etc.
Introduction to the Passage
? 4,The thesis:
? Orwell denounces the evils of
colonialism or imperialism,
?, All colonial empires are in reality
founded upon that fact.” (P.3)
Introduction to the Passage
? 5,The main ideas:
? In this essay Orwell denounces the evils
of colonialism by mercilessly exposing
the poverty,misery and degradation of
the native people in the colonies,
Introduction to the Passage
? Orwell shows poverty in 5 ways:
? 1,the burial of the poor inhabitants
? 2,An Arab Navvy begging for bread
? 3,The miserable lives of the Jews
? 4,Cultivation of the poor soil
? 5,The old women carrying firewood
III,Text Analysis
? 1,making effective use of specific verbs
? 2,using the methods of contrast,
illustration,comparison,etc,
? 3,clever choice of words and scenes
and tenses
effective use of verbs
? 1,Thread in,The little crowd of
mourners…threaded their way across the
market…” (P.2)
? 2,Rise,sweat,starve,sink in, They rise out
of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few
years…” (P,3)
? 3,Sidle in,An Arab navvy …sidled slowly
towards us” (P.6)
effective use of verbs
? 4,Grope in,Even a blind man…groping in
the air with his hand” (P.10)
? 5,Mummify in,all of them are mummified
with age and the sun” (P.19)
? 6,Hobble in,…the file of old women had
hobbled past…” (P.20)
? 7,Tip in,…its master tips it into the ditch”
? (P.20)
choice of words
? 1,Wailing a short chant over and over again
(p.2)
? 2,An Arab navvy working on the path
nearby (P.6)
? 3,He stowed it gratefully (P.7)
? 4,His left leg is warped out of shape (P.9)
? 5,As the Jews live in a self-contained
community (P.11)
choice of words
? 6,The plough is a wretched wooden thing
(P.18)
? 7,All of them are mummified with age and
the sun (P,19)
? 8,Their splendid bodies were hidden in
reach-me-down khaki uniforms (P.23)
? 9,So had the officers on their sweating
chargers (P,26)
New words
? Pomegranate
? Chant
? Bier
? Hack
? Oblong
? Hummocky
? Derelict
New words
? Undifferentiated
? Mound
? Prickly
? Nibble
? Navvy
? Stow
? ghetto
New words
? Warp
? Clamour
? Grove
? Desolate
? Fodder
? Yoke
? harrrow
New words
? Trickle
? Hobble
? Gut
? Plight
? Squash
? Syphilis
? garrison
Word formation
? 1,Burying-ground
? 2,Gravestone
? 3,mid-air
? 4,Overcrowding
? 5,Nine-tenths
Word formation
? 1,Burying-ground (verbal noun in –ing+noun)
? Drinking cup
? Hiding place
? Diving board
? Waiting room
? Writing desk
? Typing paper
Word formation
? 2,Gravestone (noun + noun)
? Oilwell
? Silkworm
? Shirtsleeves
? Girl-friend
? Gaslight
? Window-pane
Word formation
? 3,mid-air (adj + noun)
? Half-brother
? Black-market
? Half-pay
? Madman
? Darkroom
? hothouse
Word formation
? 4,Overcrowding (adv + verbal noun)
? Dry-cleaning
? Overeating
? Oversleeping
? Deep-freezing
? Down-grading
? Up-dating
Word formation
? 5,Nine-tenths (cardinal plus ordinal number)
? One-fifth
? Two-sixths
? Three-eighths
? One-ninth
IV,Rhetorical Devices
? 1,rhetorical questions
? 2,repetition
? 3,simile
? 4,elliptical sentences
Rhetorical Devices
? 1,Rhetorical questions:
? What does Morocco mean to a Frenchman?
An orange grove or a job in Government
service,Or to an Englishman? Camels,
castles,palm trees…(P.17)
Rhetorical Devices
? 1,Rhetorical questions:
? Are they really the same flesh as your self?
Do they even have names? Or are they
merely a kind of undifferentiated brown
stuff,about as individual as bees or coral
insects?…(P.3)
Rhetorical Devices
? Repetition:
? But there is one thought which every white
man thinks when he sees a black army
marching past…Every white man there had
this thought …I had it,so had the other
onlookers,so had the officers on their
sweating chargers and the white N.C,Os…
(P.25-26)
Rhetorical Devices
? Simile
? Long limes of women,bent double like
inverted capital Ls,work their way
slowly across the field… (P.18)
? And really it was like watching a flock of
cattle to see the long column,a mile or
two miles of armed men…(P.26)
Special Difficulties
? 1,Making sentences more compact by
proper subordination such as,
? --- subordinate clauses
? --- appositives
? --- prepositional phrases
? --- verbal phrases
V,Special Difficulties
? 2,synonyms,
? --wail,cry,weep,sob,whimper,moan
? --glisten,glitter,flash,shimmer,sparkle
Special Difficulties
? 3,Paraphrasing some sentences
? (P.27)
? The burying-ground is merely a huge
waste of hummocky earth,like a derelict
building-lot.
V,Questions
? 1,Orwell shows the poverty of the natives in
at least five ways,Identify them.
? 2,Could paragraphs 4-7 just as well come
after 8-15 as before? Why or why not?
? 3,Does this essay give readers a new insight
into imperialism?
? 4,Comment on Orwell’s lucid style and fine
attention to significant descriptive details.
