Advanced English
Lvhong
English Department R-516
Lhong9904@yahoo.com
82066873
Unit 4
? Inaugural Address
?
? by John F,Kennedy
Teaching Points
? I,Background knowledge
? II,Introduction to the passage
? III,Text Analysis
? IV,Rhetorical devices
? V,Questions
I,Background Knowledge
? 1,John F Kennedy
? 2,Inauguration
? 3,Cold war period,socialist camp vs,
capitalist camp
I,Background Knowledge
? On November 22,1963,John Fitzgerald
Kennedy was killed in Dallas,Texas.
? Kennedy was the youngest man elected
President; he was the youngest to die.
I,Background Knowledge
? Of Irish descent,he was born in
Brookline,Massachusetts,on May 29,
1917,
? Graduating from Harvard in 1940,he
entered the Navy,
I,Background Knowledge
? Back from the war,he became a
Democratic Congressman
? He married Jacqueline Bouvier on
September 12,1953,
? In 1955,he wrote Profiles in Courage,
which won the Pulitzer Prize in history,
I,Background Knowledge
? In 1956 Kennedy almost gained the
Democratic nomination for Vice
President.
? Four years later was a first-ballot
nominee for President,
? Kennedy became the first Roman
Catholic President,
I,Background Knowledge
? His Inaugural Address offered the
memorable injunction,"Ask not what
your country can do for you--ask what
you can do for your country."
I,Background Knowledge
? As President,he set out to redeem his
campaign pledge to get America moving
again,His economic programs launched
the country on its longest sustained
expansion since World War II.
II,Words and expressions
? Inaugural adj.就职的,of an inauguration
n.就职演说
? Inaugurate vt,
? Inauguration n,就职典礼,开幕式
? Inauguration Day 美国总统就职日
? Inaugurator n,举行就职典礼者,开创者
? Inauguratory adj.
II,Words and expressions
? Prescribe v.指示,规定,处 (方 ),开 (药 ) set
down as a rule or direction; order
? prescribe for
? v.为,..开处方
? prescribed book 指定教科书
? prescribed course 规定科目,必修课程
? prescribed text 指定教科书
II,Words and expressions
? prescriber
? 处方者,开药者,建议者
? Prescript
? n.命令
? prescription
? n.指示,规定,命令,处方,药方
? prescriptive grammar 规定语法
II,Words and expressions
? at issue
? adv.在争论中,不和 in dispute
? go forth
? v.向前去,(命令等 )被发布,被发表
II,Words and expressions
? temper
? n.(钢等 )韧度,回火,性情,脾气,情绪,心情,调
剂,趋向
? v.(冶金 )回火、锻炼,调和,调节
? temperable
? adj.[冶 ]可回火的
? temperament
? n.气质,性情,易激动,急躁
II,Words and expressions
? undoing
? n.解开,复旧,毁灭,取消 abolishing,the act
of bringing to ruin
? undo
? vt.解开,松开
? v.取消,撤消
II,Words and expressions
? pledge
? n.保证,誓言,抵押,抵押品
? vt.保证,使发誓,抵押,典当,举杯祝,..健康
? We pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.
? pledge oneself to
? 发誓,保证
II,Words and expressions
? at odds
? adv.争执,不一致 in disagreement
? asunder
? adv.分离,成碎片 into parts or pieces
II,Words and expressions
? cast off v.丢弃,摆脱
? --- break away from
? --- get rid of
? --- shake off
? cast on v.急忙披上 (衣服等 )
? cast out v.驱逐
? cast up v.呕吐,把,..加起来
II,Words and expressions
? subversion
? n.颠覆 overthrow,topple,topple down,
? topple over,upset
? subversive
? adj.颠覆性的,破坏性的
? n.颠覆破坏分子,危险分子
? subvert
? vt.推翻,暗中破坏,搅乱
II,Words and expressions
? outpace
? vt.超过,..速度,赶过
? outrace
? vt.超过,..速度,赶过
? outrun
? vt.超过,逃脱
? outspeed
? 在速度上超过,越过
II,Words and expressions
? invective
? n.恶言漫骂 strong criticism,insults
? adj.漫骂的,非难的,恶言的
? invectively
? adv.非难地,恶言恶语地
II,Words and expressions
? Adversary [5AdvEsEri]
? n.敌手,对手 enemy,opponent
? adversative
? adj.意义相反 (或对照 )的 adversative
conjunction转折连词
? n.反意语
? Adverse
? adj.不利的,敌对的,相反的 adverse conditions
? adverseness
? 反对,逆,不利,不幸
II,Words and expressions
? Tempt [tempt] seduce
? vt.诱惑,引诱,吸引,使感兴趣,考验,试探
? temptable
? adj.可诱惑的 temptation
? n.诱惑,诱惑物
? tempter
? n.诱惑者,诱惑物,撒旦
Words and expressions
? overburden[7EuvE5bE:dn]
? vt.装载过多,负担过多,使过劳
? n.过重的负担 overstrain,overcharge
? overcareful
? overbuy
? overcome
Words and expressions
? heed[hi:d]
? n.注意,留意 give one’s attention to
? v.注意,留意 seeing about
? Heedful
? Heedfully
? heedless
Words and expressions
? beachhead[5bi:tFhed]
? n.滩头阵地,登陆场,据点
Words and expressions
? tribulation [7tribju5leiFEn]
? n.苦难,忧患,磨难 hardship,suffering
? tribulate[`trIbjJleIt]
? vt.使经受苦难,给 … 磨难
Words and expressions
? ask of
? 要求,期望 expect,look forward to,demand
? ask after
? v.探问
? ask for
? v.请求,寻找
? ask off
? 请假
II,Introduction to the Passage
? 1,Type of literature:
? political speech
Introduction to the Passage
? 2,Object of a political speech:
? --to explain
? --to convince
? --to persuade
Introduction to the Passage
? 3,Well organized text
? --- para.1-5 is a general statement of
basic policy goals
? --- para.6-9 addresses different groups
of allied nations
? --- para 11-19 speaks to his enemy
? --- 21- appeals to his people to support
him and do things for the country
Introduction to the Passage
? He addressed his old friends first with
sweetest words and then his foes with sharp
words.
? The order is clear and appropriate.
Introduction to the Passage
? 4.Using the following methods for force,
vividness and emotional appeal:
? --Parallel and balanced structure
? --Repetition of important words and
phrases
? --Antithesis
Paralleled structure
? …born in this century,tempered by war,
disciplined by a hard and bitter peace…
? (P.3)
? … pay any price,bear any burden,meet any
hardship,support any friend…
? (P.4)
Repetition of phrases
? (P.6,7,8,10,11)
? To those old allies…
? To those new states…
? To those peoples…
? To those nations…
? (P.15-18)
? Let both sides…
Antithesis
? United,there is little…Divided,there is
little…(P.6)
? If a free society cannot.,Who are rich,(P.8)
? Let both sides explore…divided us,(P.15)
Introduction to the Passage
? 5,Highly rhetorical
? --- appropriate use of words
? --- Biblical style/language
? --- Often-quoted passages
+Appropriate use of words
? To our sister republics south of our border,
we offer a special pledge…(P.9)
? To those nations who would make
themselves our adversary,we offer not a
pledge but a request…(P.11)
Biblical language
? …our forbears fought is still at issue around
the globe…the rights of man come not from
the generosity of the state but from the hand
of God.(P.2)
? Let the word go forth from this time and
place…(P,3)
? Rejoicing in hope,patient in tribulation
(P.22)
Often-quoted passages
? Ask not what your country can do for you;
ask what you can do for your country.
? (P.25)
? We shall pay any price,bear any
burden…success of liberty.
? (P.4)
III,Text Analysis
? 1,Employing suitable rhetorical devices
and words to create the desired
emotional impact
? 2,Clear order and appropriate tone to
the different groups he is addressing
? 3,Employing Biblical style deliberately
IV,Rhetorical Devices
? 1,metaphor
? 2,antithesis
? 3,parallelism
? 4,repetition
V,Questions
? 1,Cite examples to show that Kennedy
is very particular and careful in his
choice and use of words,
? 2,Is the address well organized?
Comment on the order in which he
addressed all the different groups of
nations and people,
Questions
? 3,Is Kennedy’s argument and
persuasion based mainly on facts and
logic or on an appeal to emotions?
Would this type of speech be successful
on all occasions?
? 4,Is the tone and message suited to
the different groups he addresses? Give
your reasons,
Lvhong
English Department R-516
Lhong9904@yahoo.com
82066873
Unit 4
? Inaugural Address
?
? by John F,Kennedy
Teaching Points
? I,Background knowledge
? II,Introduction to the passage
? III,Text Analysis
? IV,Rhetorical devices
? V,Questions
I,Background Knowledge
? 1,John F Kennedy
? 2,Inauguration
? 3,Cold war period,socialist camp vs,
capitalist camp
I,Background Knowledge
? On November 22,1963,John Fitzgerald
Kennedy was killed in Dallas,Texas.
? Kennedy was the youngest man elected
President; he was the youngest to die.
I,Background Knowledge
? Of Irish descent,he was born in
Brookline,Massachusetts,on May 29,
1917,
? Graduating from Harvard in 1940,he
entered the Navy,
I,Background Knowledge
? Back from the war,he became a
Democratic Congressman
? He married Jacqueline Bouvier on
September 12,1953,
? In 1955,he wrote Profiles in Courage,
which won the Pulitzer Prize in history,
I,Background Knowledge
? In 1956 Kennedy almost gained the
Democratic nomination for Vice
President.
? Four years later was a first-ballot
nominee for President,
? Kennedy became the first Roman
Catholic President,
I,Background Knowledge
? His Inaugural Address offered the
memorable injunction,"Ask not what
your country can do for you--ask what
you can do for your country."
I,Background Knowledge
? As President,he set out to redeem his
campaign pledge to get America moving
again,His economic programs launched
the country on its longest sustained
expansion since World War II.
II,Words and expressions
? Inaugural adj.就职的,of an inauguration
n.就职演说
? Inaugurate vt,
? Inauguration n,就职典礼,开幕式
? Inauguration Day 美国总统就职日
? Inaugurator n,举行就职典礼者,开创者
? Inauguratory adj.
II,Words and expressions
? Prescribe v.指示,规定,处 (方 ),开 (药 ) set
down as a rule or direction; order
? prescribe for
? v.为,..开处方
? prescribed book 指定教科书
? prescribed course 规定科目,必修课程
? prescribed text 指定教科书
II,Words and expressions
? prescriber
? 处方者,开药者,建议者
? Prescript
? n.命令
? prescription
? n.指示,规定,命令,处方,药方
? prescriptive grammar 规定语法
II,Words and expressions
? at issue
? adv.在争论中,不和 in dispute
? go forth
? v.向前去,(命令等 )被发布,被发表
II,Words and expressions
? temper
? n.(钢等 )韧度,回火,性情,脾气,情绪,心情,调
剂,趋向
? v.(冶金 )回火、锻炼,调和,调节
? temperable
? adj.[冶 ]可回火的
? temperament
? n.气质,性情,易激动,急躁
II,Words and expressions
? undoing
? n.解开,复旧,毁灭,取消 abolishing,the act
of bringing to ruin
? undo
? vt.解开,松开
? v.取消,撤消
II,Words and expressions
? pledge
? n.保证,誓言,抵押,抵押品
? vt.保证,使发誓,抵押,典当,举杯祝,..健康
? We pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.
? pledge oneself to
? 发誓,保证
II,Words and expressions
? at odds
? adv.争执,不一致 in disagreement
? asunder
? adv.分离,成碎片 into parts or pieces
II,Words and expressions
? cast off v.丢弃,摆脱
? --- break away from
? --- get rid of
? --- shake off
? cast on v.急忙披上 (衣服等 )
? cast out v.驱逐
? cast up v.呕吐,把,..加起来
II,Words and expressions
? subversion
? n.颠覆 overthrow,topple,topple down,
? topple over,upset
? subversive
? adj.颠覆性的,破坏性的
? n.颠覆破坏分子,危险分子
? subvert
? vt.推翻,暗中破坏,搅乱
II,Words and expressions
? outpace
? vt.超过,..速度,赶过
? outrace
? vt.超过,..速度,赶过
? outrun
? vt.超过,逃脱
? outspeed
? 在速度上超过,越过
II,Words and expressions
? invective
? n.恶言漫骂 strong criticism,insults
? adj.漫骂的,非难的,恶言的
? invectively
? adv.非难地,恶言恶语地
II,Words and expressions
? Adversary [5AdvEsEri]
? n.敌手,对手 enemy,opponent
? adversative
? adj.意义相反 (或对照 )的 adversative
conjunction转折连词
? n.反意语
? Adverse
? adj.不利的,敌对的,相反的 adverse conditions
? adverseness
? 反对,逆,不利,不幸
II,Words and expressions
? Tempt [tempt] seduce
? vt.诱惑,引诱,吸引,使感兴趣,考验,试探
? temptable
? adj.可诱惑的 temptation
? n.诱惑,诱惑物
? tempter
? n.诱惑者,诱惑物,撒旦
Words and expressions
? overburden[7EuvE5bE:dn]
? vt.装载过多,负担过多,使过劳
? n.过重的负担 overstrain,overcharge
? overcareful
? overbuy
? overcome
Words and expressions
? heed[hi:d]
? n.注意,留意 give one’s attention to
? v.注意,留意 seeing about
? Heedful
? Heedfully
? heedless
Words and expressions
? beachhead[5bi:tFhed]
? n.滩头阵地,登陆场,据点
Words and expressions
? tribulation [7tribju5leiFEn]
? n.苦难,忧患,磨难 hardship,suffering
? tribulate[`trIbjJleIt]
? vt.使经受苦难,给 … 磨难
Words and expressions
? ask of
? 要求,期望 expect,look forward to,demand
? ask after
? v.探问
? ask for
? v.请求,寻找
? ask off
? 请假
II,Introduction to the Passage
? 1,Type of literature:
? political speech
Introduction to the Passage
? 2,Object of a political speech:
? --to explain
? --to convince
? --to persuade
Introduction to the Passage
? 3,Well organized text
? --- para.1-5 is a general statement of
basic policy goals
? --- para.6-9 addresses different groups
of allied nations
? --- para 11-19 speaks to his enemy
? --- 21- appeals to his people to support
him and do things for the country
Introduction to the Passage
? He addressed his old friends first with
sweetest words and then his foes with sharp
words.
? The order is clear and appropriate.
Introduction to the Passage
? 4.Using the following methods for force,
vividness and emotional appeal:
? --Parallel and balanced structure
? --Repetition of important words and
phrases
? --Antithesis
Paralleled structure
? …born in this century,tempered by war,
disciplined by a hard and bitter peace…
? (P.3)
? … pay any price,bear any burden,meet any
hardship,support any friend…
? (P.4)
Repetition of phrases
? (P.6,7,8,10,11)
? To those old allies…
? To those new states…
? To those peoples…
? To those nations…
? (P.15-18)
? Let both sides…
Antithesis
? United,there is little…Divided,there is
little…(P.6)
? If a free society cannot.,Who are rich,(P.8)
? Let both sides explore…divided us,(P.15)
Introduction to the Passage
? 5,Highly rhetorical
? --- appropriate use of words
? --- Biblical style/language
? --- Often-quoted passages
+Appropriate use of words
? To our sister republics south of our border,
we offer a special pledge…(P.9)
? To those nations who would make
themselves our adversary,we offer not a
pledge but a request…(P.11)
Biblical language
? …our forbears fought is still at issue around
the globe…the rights of man come not from
the generosity of the state but from the hand
of God.(P.2)
? Let the word go forth from this time and
place…(P,3)
? Rejoicing in hope,patient in tribulation
(P.22)
Often-quoted passages
? Ask not what your country can do for you;
ask what you can do for your country.
? (P.25)
? We shall pay any price,bear any
burden…success of liberty.
? (P.4)
III,Text Analysis
? 1,Employing suitable rhetorical devices
and words to create the desired
emotional impact
? 2,Clear order and appropriate tone to
the different groups he is addressing
? 3,Employing Biblical style deliberately
IV,Rhetorical Devices
? 1,metaphor
? 2,antithesis
? 3,parallelism
? 4,repetition
V,Questions
? 1,Cite examples to show that Kennedy
is very particular and careful in his
choice and use of words,
? 2,Is the address well organized?
Comment on the order in which he
addressed all the different groups of
nations and people,
Questions
? 3,Is Kennedy’s argument and
persuasion based mainly on facts and
logic or on an appeal to emotions?
Would this type of speech be successful
on all occasions?
? 4,Is the tone and message suited to
the different groups he addresses? Give
your reasons,
