Unit 11 Understanding Your Owner
? P I Listening and Speaking Activities
? Part II Reading Comprehension and Language
Activities
? Part III Extended Activities
Part I Listening and Speaking Activities
? Introduction of functions
? Listen and speak
? Try to speak more
? Make your own dialogue
? What are they for?
? If you want to learn more
Introduction of functions
? You may express your anger like this,
? I just can’t bear to do something…,
? I simply can’t stand something…,
? I really can’t put up with something…,
? It makes me sick…,
? I really hate doing something…,
? I’m disgusted…,
? It makes my blood boil…,
Listen and speak
1,How does Nelson express his anger at his neighbours’
dog?
Key,b
2,What reason does Peter give for keeping pets?
Key,c
3,What does Peter intend to keep as a pet in the future n
addition to his dog,goldfish and birds?
Key,a
4,What is Nelson’s opinion of pet keeping?
Key,a
Turn to p,150,and let’s listen,
? Listen to the conversation and tick the correct
answer to each question,
Try to speak more
? Notes,
? walk,cause (sb/sth) to walk,esp,by accompanying
him/it
e.g,He walked the horse up the hill,
? Keep somebody company,remain with somebody
so that he is not alone,
e.g,I’ll stay here and keep you company,
? make the best of something,use something as
profitably as possible
e.g,She’s certainly made the best of her opportunities,
Make your own dialogue
1,You and your partner are arguing about the
relationships between animals and human
beings,Make a dialogue using the following
cues,(Turn to page 152)
2,Study the following cartoon and find out what
is funny about it? Tell it to your classmates,
Limit your presentation to approximately one
minute,(Turn to page 152)
What are they for?
Key,1,c 2,f 3,b 4,a 5,e 6,d
If you want to learn more
Key,1,i 2,f 3,b 4,h 5,c
6,d 7,e 8,g 9,a
Part II Reading Comprehension and
Language Activities
? Pre-reading Tasks
? Notes
? Translation
? Comprehension work
? Language work (A,B,C)
Part II Reading Comprehension and
Language Activities
? Pre-reading Tasks
? In what ways can dogs be helpful to human beings?
? Why do people want to keep dogs as pets?
? Do you suppose that a dog can understand its owner?
Are there any other animals that can understand their
owners and become god friends of human beings?
? If you have a dog,what kind of dog do you like to
have? Choose appropriate expressions from below,
(Turn to p.154)
Turn to p,154,and listen to the text,
Although I know that many of You think the opposite,most
human beings have a high level of intelligence,a good memory
and can solve problems easily,They live longer and therefore
tend to be much more aware of past and future than we are,They
communicate by a set of sounds which carry meaning from the
order in which they are placed,And these sounds vary from
territory to territory,so that some humans have difficulty in
communicating with others--- if they have been raised in a
different country and have not had special training,Humans have
also invented a set of marks on paper which they use to represent
these sounds and which you may often see them concentrating
on,In these two ways they have developed their eyes and ears to
a higher level of interpretation than our dogs,But in doing so
they have lost the ability to get much of the information which we
continually do both from these and our other senses,
Understanding Your Owner
Most dogs are able to interpret at least part of the
vocabulary (voice meanings) of humans,and some of us have
learnt to recognize some of the pattern of marks which they use
to record them on paper so that humans at a different time and
in a different place can understand their messages,But it would
put our other abilities into danger if we ourselves developed
these skills very far,Fortunately,most humans are able to
understand a similar amount of our communicatory sounds and
behaviour,
Try going up to a human,sitting down in front of him and
raising a front paw in a gesture,He will almost certainly take it
and give it a shake,be cause it is a greeting gesture for humans,
too,He will think you are behaving like a human – and nothing
seems to please humans more,
Understanding Your Owner
Careful,there is a danger here! You are not a human,You
are a dog --- and if you are going to be happy you should never
forget it,You need to live as a dog,It is all very well changing
yourself slightly to fit in with a human pack,but if you deny
your true nature,you are going to end up a mad dog and,
humans will think,a bad dog,There is always a reason for any
animal choosing to live with an animal of a different sort,but all
too often we have no choice,We have to live with humans and
we have to join a pack that is forced on us,so there is not much
you can do about it,But humans have consciously decided that
they want us with them although not necessarily for the reason
that they believe,They may need a dog to help with some
specific task like hunting or guiding,They may want you as a
watchdog to keep burglars a way,
Understanding Your Owner
Understanding Your Owner
They may have some idea that looking after you will teach
their pups a sense of responsibility,They may just want you to
make other humans look at them because your breed is
expensive and fashionable,Or they may simply be in desperate
need of companionship,of something to love,
vary,vi,if sth varies,it changes depending on the
situation vary (with sth) | vary (from sth to sth) |
vary (between A and B)
e.g,
1,The results of the experiment varied wildly,
实验结果差异很大,
2,Prices vary with the seasons,
物价随季节而变动,
3,Her mood varied from optimism to extreme
depression,
她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉,
e.g,Wind direction is represented by arrow,
They said that they represented the committee
represent, vt,to be a sign or mark that means sth;
to be a symbol of sth –synonym stand for; symbolize
interpret,a,vt,to believe that sth someone does or sth
that happens has a particular meaning interpret sth (as
sth)
e.g,We interpreted/translated his silence as a refusal,
我们认为他的沉默就是拒绝。
b,vt,to explain the meaning of sth
e.g,We interpreted/translated his silence as a
refusal,
e.g,It's all very well the doctors telling me I've got to rest,
but who's going to look after my children?
医生说我得去休息到容易,可是谁来照顾我的孩子呢?
c,vt,& vi,to translate one language into another
as you hear it interpret (for sb)
all very well,it‘s/that’s all very well,but,.,spoken
used to say that sth seems to be a good idea,but is
not really possible or helpful(用于批评或反驳)某人
尽可做某事;好倒是好(但并不完全令人满意)
fit in with,to live,etc,in an easy and natural way
with sb/sth (与 … )合得来;适应;
e.g,His good mood fit in with the joyful occasion,
他良好的心绪与那欢快的场合很和谐。
e.g,
1,At first they hated each other,but they ended up
getting married,
他们起初相互仇恨,到后来却成了夫妻。
2,You will end up in debt if you keep on spending
money like that,
你要是老这样花钱,总有一天要负债。
end up, to be in a particular situation,state,or
place after a series of events,especially when
you did not plan it 最终成为;最后处于 end up
doing sth
e.g,a desperate illness/shortage/situation 绝症 /奇缺 /危局
desperate,a desperate situation is extremely
bad,serious or dangerous 极严重的;既危险的;
很危急的
e.g,He was so desperate for a job he would have
done anything,
desperate (for sth) | desperate (to do sth), needing or
wanting something very much 非常需要;极想;渴望
理解你的主人
我认为大多数人类的智商高,记忆力好,解决问题的能力强,
尽管我知道你们的大多数看法恰恰相反。他们活得比我们长因此更
了解过去和未来。他们把各种声音按不同的顺序排列,就产生了不
同的含义,然后他们用此声音进行交流。这些声音各个地区不同,
如果他们生长在不同的国家,又没有受过专门的训练的话,他们互
相交流就会因此出现障碍。人类还发明了一系列符号把那一串串的
声音表达在纸上。你经常可以看到他们在专心阅读那些纸上的符号。
运用这两种方法,他们使自己的眼睛和耳朵发展到了一个超出我们
狗能够理解的水平上。但这样一来,他们却又失去了我们常用眼、
耳以及其它感官获得大量信息的能力。
大多数狗至少能理解人类的一部分词汇(声音意义),而且,
我们有的已经学会辨认一些他们写在纸上供不同时期和不同地区的
人理解的符号模式。但是如果这种技能过于发展,我们就会有丧失
其它一些能力的危险。好在人类理解狗的叫声和行为方式的程度与
我们也相差无几。
理解你的主人
试着走近一个人, 坐在他面前, 伸出前爪摆个姿势 。 他几乎肯定
会抓住前爪握一握, 因为这也是人类打招呼的动作 。 他会认为你举
止像人 —— 没有什么比这更让他高兴的了 。
注意, 这就有危险了 ! 你不是人 。 你是一只狗 —— 如果你要快乐,
就千万别忘了这一点 。 你得像狗一样生活 。 你稍稍改变一下自己去
适应人类固然很好, 但如果你否认自己的本性, 你将变成一条疯狗,
而且, 人类会认为你是一条坏狗 。 动物总有理由选择与另一类动物
生活在一起, 但是通常我们根本就没有选择 。 我们被迫与人类一起
生活, 加入那个强加于我们的群体, 所以你无能为力 。 人类很清楚
他们需要我们与他们生活在一起, 但其实他们并不见得明白个中的
道理 。 也许他们需要一条狗帮他们狩猎或引路 。 也许他们需要你们
像看门狗那样赶走盗贼 。 也许他们照顾你们是为了让他们的孩子有
责任感 。 也许他们是想通过饲养你这条名贵而时尚的狗去吸引同类
的眼球 。 又或许他们只是特别需要找个伴儿, 或自己喜爱的东西 。
Comprehension work
(Questions for discussion )
1,Who is the,owner” in the title?
2,What does the phrase,a set of sounds” mean? Why do
some humans have difficulty communicating with
others using a set of sounds?
3,What does the phrase,a set of marks on paper” mean?
What is the use of the marks for human beings?
Comprehension work
(Questions for discussion )
4,Why shouldn’t a dog develop the same communicating
means/skills as human beings?
5,According to the passage,what is the best policy for a
dog to live peacefully with human beings?
6,What are the reasons that human beings hold for
keeping a dog?
Language work (A,p.156)
1,developed,humans,tasks,desperate
2,amount,gestures,interpret,owners,recognize,
training,represent
3,breed,intelligence,specific,gather,senses
4,companionship,deny
Language work (B,p.157)
? Answers
1,g 2,e 3,a 4,h 5,f 6,d 7,b 8,c
Language work (C,p.158)
1,a,Being aware of the risk,we gave up the project,
b,Being aware of his mistake,he apologized to us and
asked for our forgiveness,
c,Teachers must be fully aware of the difficulties
students face when studying,
Language work (C,p.158)
2,a,The message conveyed by the same gestures may
vary from culture to culture,
b,The income varies from person to person in the
company,It depends on each one’s performance rather
than his age,
c,The meaning of smiles often varies from culture to
culture,
Language work (C,p.158)
3,a,I was often told by my father that if I didn’t work hard,I
would end up a failure in my life,
b,We are not surprised that he has finally ended up a
burglar,
c,Because of the poor management,the project finally
ended up a wreck,
Language work (C,p.158)
4,a,In the old days women,as the weaker gender,had to
put up with any inequalities forced upon them,
b,As an independent country,China will not accept any
unfair treaties forced upon her,
c,Some students complained about the excessive
homework forced upon them,
Language work (C,p.158)
5,a,Old people usually live alone in their homes,so they
are in desperate need of companionship,
b,The young woman is going to have another baby
because her only son is in desperate need of
companionship,
c,The psychiatrist said that nothing was wrong with the
patient,He was just in desperate need of
companionship,
Part III Extended Activities
Dictation
Read more
Grammar work
Word formation
Vocabulary work
Translation
Dictation
? Script of the Dictation
A fisherman had caught a little fish,The poor creature
begged him to throw it back again to the water,saying,
“What is the use of catching me? I’m not large enough
yet,Throw me back into the river,and you will catch me
when I’m bigger,Then I shall be a fine dish for you.” The
fisherman answered:” There’s no use of talking,If I let
you into the water again,it is doubtful whether I may
ever see you any more,You shall go into the frying pan
and be fried this evening.” This fable illustrates an idea,
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush,
Read more
? True/False/Not Mentioned
Answers,1,D 2,B 3,C 4,C 5,A
? Topics for discussion
1,Did the dog-narrator I the text fulfill its task?
2,Why do people use tracker-dogs to search for a thief?
3,What can a tracker-dog do and what can it not do?
Grammar work
? Answers
1,Bob denied breaking the window,but I’m sure he did,
2,I remember having closed the door,but I’m not sure if I locked it
or not,
3,Let’s face it,It’s no good worrying any more tonight,
4,Judy was finally tired of quarrelling with her husband,
5,I’m sorry I keep coughing all the time,
6,Though the job was not easy,she did not regret accepting the
offer,
7,We have been in the same department for quite a few years,
Now we’re used to working together,
8,I can’t help feeling that it was a mistake to let her go,
9,I’m looking forward to seeing you again in Beijing,
10,Excuse me for interrupting,Did you mentioned a Laura? Laura
who?
Word formation
? Answers
1,collective
2,active
3,costly
4,heavenly
5,apprehensive
6,co-operative
7,supportive
8,truly
9,homely
10,scholarly
Vocabulary work
? Answers
1,c 2,c (on) 3,d (for) 4,b (in) 5,a (on)
6,h (of/about) 7,I (of) 8,g (on) 9,j (for)
10,f (after)
Translation
1,At first,he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended
up apologizing,
2,Sometimes it is not easy to pick out an acquaintance in a
crowd,
3,Some convenience foods can fit in with ideas of healthy
eating,
4,Your carelessness might put us into danger,
5,He tried to force his opinion on us,but we didn’t accept it,
6,They spent hours working out the result for the survey,
Or,It was hours before they worked out the result of the
survey,
7,If you can’t make it this way,you can try doing it another
way,
8,Her illness kept her off work for several weeks,