4 (?  4.1à ? F? ? è ^ ?B H Y￥ {?|??D? H￥ { ??|μ1 7 H? ?  è ^ ?B H Y￥ {?|??D? H￥ { ??|μ1 7 ODè ^e ?￥ ?μ1b V2  AF? ? è ^?? ?? ? êF? àμi%è ^y7í: k ? ? 7 H? ? è ^"cF?è ^? ?cμi%è ^ y7μ:k? ?b F? ? è ^￥'?í ^ êè ^ H? ? è ^￥'?í ^(? b (?  ^ ?i%Bê=′?|￥'?íè ^ ?A? ![/ ?' +? ?B μ ? ?1? ?￥×? ?¨ ?V U ?  ?￥ 0? 1= é? ?￥ 0? 1b ?=? ?]￥ { ??| V[?? 1 0 ?b ? ? { ??|h >[a ?|¤￥? ? i/ ?b (? ￥s ?Z Tμ???è ^2 Vs1' RS (? a]?( ? a?V(? aH(?   ???E ?(? ??]è ^2￥( ? μ?]￥?T+?b ? ? ? ? Vs1 RS (? a D (? a JK (? a T ? T￡(? ? +? ??b 4.2(? ￥è ^2D?T+? 4.2.1 ' RS(? ￥è ^2D?T+? Baè ^2DyTe ? m 4.1 Dd êF?￥' RS(?  (a) ? ?| (b) ? m Dd ê??è üμrb ? Vr T nn QSQ = +1 nn RQQ = +1   4 3 QQ R S Q Q ? ? ? 0=S 1=R 1 1 = +n Q 0 1 = +n Q ?o 1p 1=S 0=R 0 1 = +n Q 1 1 = +n Q ?o 0p 1=S 1=R nn QQ = +1 ? M 0=S 0=R 1 11 == ++ nn QQ ? ? V 4.2.1 RS(? ? ?V V 4.2.2e?? ?V S R n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0&ê 0 0 1 &ê ? ? 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 ? o1p 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 ? o0p 1 1 0 0 1 1 1  ? M S 1?o 1p  R 1?o 0p b??(?  ??1? 0? 1(? ?1?êˉê(? b m 4.2 5 vm =a?T+? ' RS(? ￥ { Q? Q ?? { ??| R? S ? %?? { ??| R? S? 3M? H { Q? Q￥ ?TM?￥M?b m 4.4 o ? m R S 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 &ê ? ? 0 1 0 ? o0p 1 0 1 ? o1p 1 1 n Q ? M  ? ? ? Q Q S R SQ n R × × 00 01 0 1 0 0 11 10 1 1 1 0 4.2.2 ]? RS(? ￥è ^2D?T+? Baè ^2DyTe ? ' RS (? ￥J??F￥ { ??| %???F￥ { ??|?M { ?|??"?Mb7 ?3"d?￥ò(? aa$1 p??￥ H Y] HJ ?ü31??F￥ Hò ? ? e?b]? RS(? ü ^B? μ?F Hò ?| CP￥(? b m 4.3 ]? RS(?  (a)è ^2 (b) ? ?| ? ?s CP=0 H G 3 aG 4 ê$ í 1 '' == RS Q ??M CP=1 H SS = '  RR = ' Q￥ ?? RaS￥ ? %? úè üμrb +?Z? nn QRSQ += +1 0=? SR  ? ?Z? V 4.2.1]? RS(? ￥? ?V m 4.4 5 vm S R n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1  ? 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 ?o0p 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 ?o1p 1 1 0 &ê 1 1 1 &ê ? ? & & Q SR Q & & CP R′ S′ S D R D SR CP R D S D Q Q (a)(b) =a?T+? { ??| CP=1 ￥ ?? HW =￥M??|? (?  ?￥M??M'  CP=1 ùW { ??|? 3QM?(? ￥ ?9 V ?? 3QJ?? ? è ^·T? ??|￥ ? ?b m 4.6 o ? m ?i  ? ?? CP=1 ùW { ??|? 3 QM? {?|9? 3 Q M?b 4.2.3 ?V(? ￥è ^2??T+? Baè ^2DyTe ? ]? RS(? ￥+?Z? nn QRSQ += +1 0=? SR  ? ?Z? 4 Q 3 $1 Q   QQ   1     CP  Q ? Q ? 2 43 65 R D? S D? KJ 87 ?m V¤ QJS = KQR = |  T} ?]? RS(? ￥+?Z?¤ nnnnnn QKQJQKQQJQ +=+= +1 ?N V¤ JK(? ￥ ? ? ? J=1aK=0 H 1 1 = +n Q ?o 1p J=0aK=1 H 0 1 = +n Q ?o 0p J=0aK=0 H nn QQ = +1  ? J=1aK=1 H nn QQ = +1 9 ?b V 4.2.1 JK(? ￥? ?V m ?V JK(? ￥BQM?C` =a?T+? m ?V JK(? ￥o?m J K n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1  ? 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 ?o0p 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 ?o1p 1 1 0  1 1 1  9 ? CP J K Q ? Q Q CP J K Q ? Q ? Q Q t 1 t 2 t 3 (? ￥Js ??Tb?B? CP=1 ùW?(? ¤ s { ? ￥? |$??M?￥ ?7V(? ?? ?=? CP /?? ? HV(?  ?v?(? ￥ ?J ?[ Q? Q  ?￥?M? 3 CP￥/?b y1?(? ' & ^B?]? RS (?  ?[ CP=1 ￥ ?? HW ú { ? ?|?|?(?   e?T¨b?V JK(? iBQM?C`b ?N Vn?V2￥(?  CP T¨ ùW F? ? ? ?? <ey ^ CP=1 ùW?(? ?? ??|μ:kT¨bH(?  V[ X??? ??b 4.2.4 H(? ￥è ^2??T+? Baè ^2DyTe ? ?¨. {üt HW￥H(?  m 4.7 ?¨. {üt HW￥H(?  (a) ? è ^ (b) ? ?| Dd ê G 3 aG 4 ￥ ü (üt HW1Dd ê G 1 aG 2 ?￥'(? ￥ ü ( üt HW1éb AaD ê￥ {sY ^ Q 1 ? Q 2 CP=0 H Q 3 =Q 4 =1Q 1 =Q 2 =0Q?M CP? 0M 1 H(? ?J1¤ s { ??|T!b ??Dd ê G 3 aG 4 ￥ ü (üt HW1Dd ê G 1 aG 2 ?￥'(? ￥ ü (üt HW1é G A aG D ê5u 7N H Q 3 =Q 4 =1CP=1 ?[ QG ??Mb CP? 1M 0 H(?Jb Q 3 aQ 4  ?? JaK %?CP? 1M 0 H G A aG D ê1> Q 1 =Q 2 =0G 13 a G 23 êu 7 Q? Q 3 aQ 4 %?(? Jb CP=0[a G 3 aG 4 ?$ íb ??E ?H(?  Q? CP?? ? -B §W￥ { ??| ? %?b CP=0 H Q 3 =Q 4 =1Q?M(? )?× ?] H DQ = 5 Q 6 =D¤ ≥1 & A & B ≥1 & C & D & & Q SR Q CP KJ Q 3 Q 4 G 1 G 2 G 4 G 3 CP QQ KJ JK CP (a)(b) s { ??| D CP? 0M 1 H(? J DQQ == 53  DQQ == 64  P Q=D CP=1 H { ??|$ íb ? Q 3 =05ü 4L í G 5  ? Q 4 =0 HYV 3L í Q 6 YV 1L í G 3  ?[N H Q 3 aQ 4 aQ 5 aQ 6 ￥ ?Dí1b 9-?(?  CP ?K -¤ s { ??|?K HJ?Ka { ?$ íb R D aS D 1°¤ b , ?è üμrb                 B  C  m??E ?%H(?  B ? è ^ C ? ?| V 4.2.3 D(? ￥? ?V =a?T+? H(? ￥Q ?? | %? CP ?|￥  6/??r H { ? ￥ ?  ?7?[ -[a { ??|￥M?(? ￥ ? àμ?Yb ??+?μr￥4ú (? è ^￥ F? ? ? ?y794ú è ^￥yT V L?b D n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0 0 1 0 ?o0p 1 0 1 1 1 1 ?o1p  R D QQ   1   S D 2 43 65 CP D ? ? é è  ￡ R D ￡ S D ￡ R ￡ S m 4.10 H D(? ￥o?m m H JK(? ￥o?m CP J Q K CP R D S D D Q 4.3 (? ￥ ? ? ?#  í ?ZE 4.3.1 (? ? ? ? ?￥s ? Ba RS(?  V 4.3.1]? RS(? ￥? ?V +?Z? nn QRSQ += +1 0=? SR  ? ?Z? m RS(? ￥ ?Dm =a JK(?  V 4.2.1 JK(? ￥? ?V +?Z? nnn QKQJQ += +1 ?a D(?  V 4.2.3 D(? ￥? ?V +?Z? DQ n = +1 1a T(?  J K n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1  ? 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 ?o0p 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 ?o1p 1 1 0  1 1 1  9 ? J K n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1  ? 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 ?o0p 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 ?o1p 1 1 0  1 1 1  9 ? D n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0 0 1 0 ?o0p 1 0 1 1 1 1 ?o1p 0 1 R" × S" 0 R" 0 S" × R" 0 S" 1 R" 1 S" 0 0 1 J" 0 K" × J" × K" 0 J" 1 K" × J" ×  D = 0 D = 0 D = 1 D = 1 V T(? ? ?V +?Z? nnn QTQTQ += +1 4.3.2 (? ￥è ^2D ? ? ?￥1" (? ￥ ? ? ??è ^? T ^ ??]￥à Qb ?ì ? ? ? ^′(? ￥Q ??C ?# { ??|-W× ?/￥ ? 1" ?? ? 1" V[¨+? Va+?Z? ?Dmób? ? ? ?￥?]+?á ìü(? s?  RSaJKaTaD?+? ??b 7' RS (? a]? RS (? a?V(? aH(? ? ^·è ^ 2￥?]? Tb??è ^2￥?] ?T+?9?]b ]B? ? ? ?￥(?  V[¨?]￥è ^2 LCbQV ?¨]B?è ^2? T V[??] ? ? ?￥(? byN ? ? ?Dè ^2ií% ?￥?1"÷?1ü ?1B b T n Q 1+n Q ? ? 0 0 0 0 1 1  ? 1 0 1 1 1 0 9 ? m  T = 0 T = 1 T = 1 T = 0 4.4 (?  ? ? ?￥D 4.4.1"?(?  "???E ?%(?  è¨￥"???E ?(? μ 7474 T1074a74H74(T2074)a74S74(T3074) ? 74LS74(T4074)? 1?(?  (1 ? D(? b ? ìμM]￥ ? ? ??M ]￥5? ? b V D(? ￥? ?V 5? ?  "?μH+,(?  è¨￥"?μH JK(? μ 74S112(T3112)? 74LS112(T4112)? ? ? (?  (1 ? JK(? b ? ìμM]￥ ? ? ??M]￥5? ? b 4.4.2 (? ￥MoD 1aJK(? D1 DaT(?  JK(? ￥+?Z?1 nnn QKQJQ += +1  D(? ￥+?Z?1 DQ n = +1  T(? ￥+?Z?1 nnn QTQTQ += +1  16 9 18 74LS112 1CP 2CPV CC 1R D 2R D 2K 2J 2S D 2Q 1K 1J 1S D 1Q 1Q 2Q GND 1R D 1J 1K1S D 1CP QQ R D JCPKS D (a)(b) 14 8 17 74LS74 2CPV CC 2R D 2D 2S D 2Q GND 2Q 1R D 1D 1CP 1S D 1Q 1Q V JK(? ￥? ?V JKD1 D nnnnn DQQDQKQJQ +=+= +1 5 D=JD= K JKD1 T nnnnn TQQTQKQJQ +=+= +1 5 T=J=K è ^mb 2aD(? D1 JKaT(?  DD1 JK nnnnn QKQJQKQJDQ ?=+== +1 b 1 CP D J KQ Q J KQ Q T CP (a)(b) D Q Q& & & 1 CP K J ' c l 2 1. (?  ^ ?3"d?1×1￥' ? ?íb ?μ ?×? ?? F(??|￥T¨/ V[VB?×? ?D? 6B?×? ?b??F?| h >a(?  ˉ?? C ??MyN(?  μ:kT¨ , ??(?  o ?:k i%Bê=é? ? ?b 2. ??T+??] V[ü(? s1' RS(? a]?(? a?V (? ?H(? b' RS (? ￥ { Q ? Q ?? { ??| R ? S ? %?? { ??| R ? S ? 3M? H { Q ? Q￥ ?TM?￥M?b ]?(? ￥ { ??| CP=1￥ ?? HW =￥M??|? (?  ?￥M? ?M' CP=1 ùW { ??|? 3QM?(? ￥ ?9 V ?? 3QJ b?V(? ￥Js ??T?B? CP=1 ùW?(? ¤ s { ? ￥?|$??M?￥ ?7V(? ?? ?=? CP /?? ? HV( ? ?v?(? ￥ ?Jb?V JK(? iBQM?C`bH(?  ￥Q ?? | %? CP?|￥  6/??r H { ? ￥ ?  ?7?[ -[a { ??|￥M?(? ￥ ? àμ?Yb 3. "?(? ?? ? Vs1 RSaJKaDaTaT￡+?b  ? ? ? V¨ ?V ?′V a+?Z?a ?ma ? ?|m?o?m H?m ? í ?b ???]7? ?M]￥(?   ?Va ?ma+?Z? (M]o ^ ? ?|m? H?m?]b 4. è¨￥"?(?  TTL?￥μ ? JKμH(?  74LS112a ? D?H (?  74LS74b  5 4.1 sm5 4.1 ? U RS (? ￥? ?i? { ?o?? ? Q ￥o?b m5 4.1`RS(?  4.3 ]?(? ¤?m5 4.3(a)a (b)a (c)a (d) ? U? T ! S ?1 0 k? m (e) ? U￥ CPo?? QaaQbaQcaQd￥o?b m5 4.3 ]? RS(? ? CPo? 4.4 ??E ? D (? ¤?m5 4.4(a)a (b)a (c)a (d) ? U? T !(? ￥ S ?1 0 k? m (e) ? U￥ CPo?? QaaQbaQcaQd￥o?b `          m5??E ?%(? ?$1o? /?(?￥+,(?  { ?o? ?m5 ? U !(?  ?1 ?M? {o?b` ≥1 Q SR Q ≥1 R S CP J KQ Q “1” CP T Q Q T Q Q CP T Q Q (a)(b)(c) CP 1234 CP “0” D CP Q a D CP Q b D CP Q c D CP Q d CP “0” (a)(b)(c)(d )         m5/?(? ￥+,(?  { ?o? 4.6 H(? è ^ ?m5 4.6 ? U ! ? (1 0 k? CPo??  Q1aQ2￥o?b ` m5 4.6 H(? è ^? CPo? 4.7 H(? è ^ ?m5 4.7 ? U ! ? (1 0 k? CP ? D ￥ o?? Q1a Q2￥o?b m5 4.7 H(? è ^? CPaDo? 4.8 H T (? è ^ ?m5 4.8 ? U ! ?1 0 k? CP o??  Q1aQ2￥o?b ` CP J K “1” “0” “0” J K CP D CP CP Q 1 Q 2 CP “0” J K CP D CP Q 1 Q 2 CP CP D “0”D T Q Q T Q Q CP Q 1 Q 2 1234 CP “0”