Lesson 62
After the fire
大火之后
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★control n,控制
control sth.(v.)控制．．．
I can control it.
I can manage it (口）
介词短语：
in control 在控制之内
under control 在控制之下，被控制
out of control 失控
arrest 逮捕
under arrest 被逮捕
★smoke n,烟
smoke:(v.)吸烟
Don't smoke
No smoking.
cigarette,cigar,(n.)香烟
smoke,(n.)烟雾
full of smoke
名词加-y，变为形容词
smokey:（ａ．）多烟的
smokey area,吸烟区
nonsmokey area,吸烟区
heavy smoker:烟瘾重的人
★desolate adj,荒凉的
lonely,孤独的；荒凉的，偏僻的
desolate:荒凉的，极度孤独的
★threaten v,威胁
threaten to do,威胁着要做．．．
threaten sb.with sth:以什么来威胁某人
It threatened to rain 有迹象表明天要下雨了
★surrounding adj,周围的
surrounds:环境（在周边的事物）
atmosphere:大气层，氛围（在周边的人文环境）
★destruction n,破坏，毁灭
destroy,(v.)破坏
destructive:毁灭性的
construction,建设，建筑
build:建设（具体的建某物）
construct:建设（为．．．创造更好的条件）
constructive 建设性的意见
★flood n,洪水，水灾
flood,floods
★authority n,（常用复数）当局
authorities
★grass-seed n,草籽
★spray v,喷撒
spray sth.over/on
★quantity n,量
quality,质量
quantity:数量
sth.with good quality
quantities of,大量的
★root n,根
root of:...的根
What is the root cause?
take root:生根
come out,长出来
shoot,芽
get out,出去
★century n,世纪
★patch n,小片
a patch of,一小片
patches of,许多片
piece,片，块
patch,(平面上的）一片，补丁
★blacken v,变黑，发暗
-en --表示动词
weak,虚弱的
weaken,使...变弱，削弱复合词 ：fireman
派生词：（前缀，后缀）
-tion … 名词
-less … 形容词
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What was the danger to the villages after the fire?
Firemen had been fighting the forest for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control,A short time before,great trees had covered the countryside for miles around,Now,smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills,Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction,for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well,When the fire had at last been put out,the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly,The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes,The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain,By then,however,in many places the grass had already taken root,In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.
参考译文
消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近3个星期才最后把火势控制住。就在不久之前，参天大树还覆盖着方圆数英里的土地。而现在，发热的地面上仍然升腾着烟雾，弥漫在荒凉的山丘上。冬季即将来临，这些山丘对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁，因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤，而且还会引起严重的水灾。在大火最后被扑灭后，森林管理当局订购了好几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽。飞机把这种草籽大量地撒播在地上。飞机撒播近一个月后，开始下起雨来。然而到那时，很多地方的草已经生了根。一片片的绿草开始出现在这片烧焦的土地上，代替了多少世纪以来一直生长在那里的参天大树。
【课文讲解】
fireman had been fighting the forest fire
fight sth.:和...搏斗
get + 宾语＋介词短语 ……作宾补
for miles around 方圆几英里
a short time before --从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前
a short time ago --从现在算起，一段时间以前都可以放在段时间之后
rose up(from):升上来
over the desolate hills,(烟，雾）弥漫
Winter was coming on 季节的来临
threaten sb.with sth,有．．迹象
serious,严重的
put out,扑灭
several tons of a special type of grass-seed
was sprayed over the ground 被动语态
in huge quantities --介词短语作状语，＂大量的＂
take root,生根
in place of,替代(只能指代位置、空间）原来放的东西，现在不在了
in stead of,替代＋没做的事
【Key structures】
过去完成时……这个动作在过去的过去过去完成进行时……这个动作非但从过去的过去开始，而且是延续的
【Special difficulties】
Great,大的（强调重要性）
Big:大的（强调面积、体积上的）
Soil:泥土（能让植物生长的）
Ground：地表，地面
【Multiple choice questions】
6...
花费 ：如果是人作主语用spend
用时间表达用take
9...
A.weights weigh 重量
B.measures 测量
C.tons 吨 several tons
D.amounts large amounts 大量的，修饰不可数名词
11...
patches 许多块
everywhere 每一寸土地上都长着东西
here and there 这一块，那一块，很多块，不一定是每一寸
【Dummary writing】
2.
now that 既然
which 定语从句
Now that all the great trees had been burnt,there was danger that heavy rain would cause serious floods which would destroy the surrounding village.
3,To prevent this the forest authorities ordered grass-seend which was sprayed over the ground by planes for nearly a month.
4.by the time (that) 到...时候为止.应理解为 before
By the time it began to rain,the grass had taken root in the soil.
