lesson 65
jumbo versus the police
小象对警察
【new words and expressions】 生词和短语
★versus prep,对
vs.
★christmas n,圣诞节
christmas eve
father christmas,圣诞老人
santa claus:圣诞老人
★circus n.马戏团
★present n,礼物
gift
★accompany v,陪伴，随行
i'll accompany you to your hotel.
i'll accompany you home.
★approach v,走近
come nearer and nearer
the old man approaches 80 years old.
approach sb
he is approaching me.
approach n.途径，方法
we have found an approach to success.
★ought modal verb,应该
ought to do sth
should do sth.
should,应该（我认为）
ought to:应该（义务上）
you should knock at the door.
you ought to knock at the door.
★weigh v,重
sb+weigh+体重
weight n.
lose weight 减肥
★fortunate adj.幸运的
lucky:有幸运的，幸运的
first listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
why did the police have to push jumbo off the main street?
last christmas,the circus owner,jimmy gates,decided to take some presents to a children's hospital,dressed up as father christmas and accompanied by a 'guard of honour' of six pretty girls,he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called jumbo,he should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing,a policeman approached jimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side street as jumbo was holding up the traffic,though jimmy agreed to go at once,jumbo refused to move,fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street,the police had a difficult time,but they were most amused,'jumbo must weigh a few tons,' said a policeman afterwards,'so it was fortunate that we didn't have to carry him,of course,we should arrest him,but as he has a good record,we shall let him off this time.'
参考译文
去年圣诞节，马戏团老板吉米.盖茨决定送些礼物给儿童医院。他打扮成圣诞老人，在由6个漂亮姑娘组成的“仪仗队”的陪同下，骑上一头名叫江伯的小象，沿着城里的主要街道出发了。他本该知道警察绝不会允许这类事情发生。一个警察走过来告诉吉米，他应该走一条小路，因为江泊阻碍了交通。虽然吉米同意马上就走，但江伯却拒绝移动。15个警察不得不用很大的力气把它推离主要街道。警察虽然吃了苦头，但他们还是感到很有趣。“江伯一定有好几吨重，”一个警察事后这样说，“值得庆幸的是它没让我们抬它走。当然，我们应该逮捕它，但由于它一贯表现很好，这次我们饶了它。”
【课文讲解】
在阅读理解中学会化整为零，在写作当中学会化零为整
take to:把．．．送到
dress up as,打扮成为
dress up 打扮
be dressed
accompanied
a guard of honour:仪仗队
set off:出发
riding 跟主语有关系，必然是状语
should have done,原本该做而没做
needn't have done,过去不必做但是做了
ought to,应该所有的情态动词＋have done 都跟过去有关
１．跟虚拟语气有关的：would ahve done
2.　表示推测句型：may/must/can't have done
as=because
hold up the traffic:阻碍交通
though:尽管
agree to do,同意做某事
agree with sb
agree to (prep.)sth
I agree with you.
I agree to your advice
I agree to go with you.
off=away from 离开什么地方
must+v,推测，have to:不得不
afterwards=later:后来
It was fortunate that...
carry:抬起来
should 跟现在有关系
should have done 跟过去有关系
let sb off(go):让某人走（离开）
record:(警察局的）记录
set up a new world record
sb have a good record
resume,履历
情态动词＋have done 一定和过去有关系
１表示推测的过去：must/can't/may
2.虚拟语气相连：would have done
3.should have done,原本该做但是没做
4.needn't have done,原本不必做但是做了
【Key structure】
should (应该）（含有建议）
ought to:应该（强调义务）
have to,不得不
must 表示推测
1...should...
2...had to...
3...should have done...
4...ought to have done...
5...had to...
let sb off 让某人走
let sb down 让某人失望
let sb in/out,让某人进来／出去
情态动词如果后面加动词原形，认为跟现在／将来有关系；一旦要和过去有关系，一定会在情态动词后面加have done
【Multiple choice questions】
Structure
3.b
as 后面要加句子，只有在the same as 结构时不加句子，或者是as...as
Lucy is the same as her sister
like 的后面加词
like me 像我这样
like London 像伦敦一样
seem 后面可以直接加形容词
He seemed rich 他看起来很富有
seem 后面会加to 这个不定式结构
He seemed to be rich
一个句型：It seemed that..,表示某件事情看起来似乎如此
It seemed that he is rich
seem 的后面常常会加as if
4.b
7.a
must 的后面是不会加to的
have to 当中的have 是实义动词
【Summary writing】
1.
He decided to take some presents to a children's hospital.
He dressed up as Father Christmas.
He set off down the main street.
He was riding an elephant called Jumbo.
After 的后面可以直接加doing,也可以加having done
After knocking at the door
After having knocked at the door
After having decided to take presents to hospital and dressed up
as Father Christmas,he set off down the street riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.
2.On being that he was holding up the traffic,he agreed to go at once,but Jumbo refused to move,so fifteen policemen had to push him off main street.
on 加在动词前面，相当于as soon as
be 在这儿要跟done相连
but 句跟主句并列
3.
as 因为