Teaching
Objective
Master the key words and structures,and learn something
about the drug abuse among athletes,The students should
also know the harm of drug abuse,
Teaching
Procedures
Key
Points
Vocabulary
Structure
Skills
confidence dose issue nerve
pill relieve rely risk
stress have an effect on
blood pressure side effect
When it comes to that …
as … as; more than;
twice/three times more than
Following the logic of a passage to find out the
meanings of words
Reading a fact sheet
Writing a fax
Lead In Activity; Study of the Text; Study of Words and
Phrases; Study of Read More; Study of Practical Reading;
Study of Practical Writing
Lead In
1,The Olympic Games
2,Drug Misuse and Anti-Doping Tests
3,Ben Johnson
4,Adrian Annus
5,Health Risks of Doping
6,Tommy Simpson
7,Topic-related Words and Phrases
Text Study
1,Global Reading
2,Detailed Reading
4,Group Discussion
Consolidation
1,Dictation
2,Words and Phrases
3,Listening Practice
2,Practical Reading
Language Application
1,Practical Writing
Drills for PRETCO Test
1,Listening Comprehension
2,Vocabulary and Structure
3,Translation
The Olympic Games
Olympia,the setting for the
ancient Olympic Games Gymnasium,Olympia
The Olympic motto,―Citius–
Altius–Fortius,‖ ―Faster,
Higher,Stronger‖
The 2008 Olympic Emblem with
the Olympic Rings at the bottom
The origin of the Olympic Games is linked to many Greek
myths,The institution of the Olympic Games began in 776 B.C,
and lasted for 12 continuous centuries before it was abolished in
393 A.D,The first contemporary Olympic Games took place in
1896 in Athens,
The modern Olympic Games are the world’s largest pageant
of athletic skill and competitive spirit,But at the same time,
they have also been displays of nationalism,commerce and
politics,which inevitably result in drug misuse for better
performance in competitions,
Drug Misuse and Anti-Doping Tests
To promote their strength and endurance,athletes have long
resorted to the use of prohibited substances such as stimulants,
The last half of the 19th century saw the beginnings of modern
medicine and a significant growth in the use of drugs to improve
athletic performance,In 1967 the International Olympic
Committee began to take actions against doping,The Olympics
over the past three decades have witnessed a lasting war
between development of performance-enhancing drugs and study
of prohibited substances as well as effective anti-doping tests,
Ben Johnson
Ben Johnson wins a gold medal and breaks the
world record at the 1988 Seoul Olympics,
At the Seoul Olympics in 1988 Ben Johnson ran the 100
meters in 9.79 seconds,making him the fastest human ever,Only
62 hours later Ben Johnson tested positive for steroid use and
was suspended from competition for two years,
Prior to Ben’s rise,his Canadian Olympic track coach told
him that a sprinter couldn’t hope to go world class without
steroids,Johnson,like many of his competitors,began using
steroids six years before his stunning victory,
In the early 1990’s Ben attempted to climb to the top once
again,Unfortunately,in 1993,he tested positive again after a
Montreal track event and was banned by the International
Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF) for life,His brilliant athletic
career was finally over,
Adrian Annus
Adrian Annus finished first at the men’s hammer
throw final event at the 2004 Athens Olympics,
On 29 August,2004,the International Olympic Committee
(IOC) announced that hammer thrower Adrian Annus from
Hungary has been excluded from the Games in Athens for
violating IOC anti-doping rules,
During the period of the Games,Adrian Annus was tested
twice,once pre-competition and once after finishing first at the
men’s hammer throw final event on 22 August,Both tests were
negative,However,an analysis of the two urine samples provided
during the period of the Games showed evidence of belonging to
two different athletes,The Hungarian Olympic Committee was
ordered to return to the IOC,as soon as possible,the gold medal
and diploma awarded,
Health Risks of Doping
Apart from undermining the fairness of competition,the use
of drugs can actually rebound on the athlete and cause
irreversible damage to the health of athletes,So the fight
against the practice of doping in sports not only preserves the
well being of Olympic sport and the integrity of competition,but
also ensures the health of athletes,
Prohibited drugs temporarily boost athletic performance,but
in the long run,they can lead to liver damage,strokes,heart
attacks and so on,Besides,the athletes who took illegal drugs
reported birth defects in the children,and other ongoing
troubles such as excessive body hair and deep voices,
Tommy Simpson
His death was plagued
with controversy,
He is the first Briton to wear the
yellow jersey and finish in the top
10 in the Tour de France,
Tommy Simpson died on the 13th day of the Tour de France
in 1967,The racers were tackling the 6,000ft (1829m) Mt
Ventoux when Tommy Simpson slipped off his bike,After ordering
onlookers to ―Put me back on my bike,‖ Tommy continued only a
short distance before he collapsed and never regained
consciousness,
An autopsy showed that Tommy had traces of amphetamines
in his blood,Investigators also discovered more of the drugs in
his hotel room and the pockets of his jersey,His death
substantially added to the mounting pressure on the IOC to
establish doping-control programs,which they did at the end of
1967,
any substance that causes an increase in activity in various
parts of the nervous system or directly increases muscle activity,
Drugs such as caffeine and the amphetamines belong in this
category,Athletes use stimulants to boost their muscle power,
heighten their oxygen carrying capacity,and transform their
endurance,
Topic-related Words and Phrases
stimulants,
any one of a group of drugs that are powerful central nervous
system stimulants,They can temporarily reverse the effects of
fatigue,enhance mental alertness and the ability to concentrate,
amphetamines,
calmers,
or depressants,any one of various substances that depress
the nervous system,Athletes take some of them to enable them
to train and compete despite pain and injury,Others stop an
athlete from trembling,reduce their blood pressure,slow their
heart rate and have a calming effect,
doping,
the practice of using prohibited drugs to promote athletic
performance,
Because he is the most famous of those athletes who
took illegal drugs despite the risks of disqualification
and bodily damage,
Questions and Answers
Directions,Skim the paragraphs for answers to the following
questions,
Because drugs help them by building muscles,
giving extra strength,killing the pain of injuries or
calming nerves,
Paragraph 1,
Question,Why do athletes competing in sports use drugs?
Answer,
Paragraph 2,
Question,Why was Ben Johnson cited as an example?
Answer,
They also took substances to improve sports
performance,
Paragraph 3,
What do we know about the athletes in ancient Egypt
and Greece?
Answer,
Question,
Because the development of medical science makes it
possible to have a wider choice of pills and drugs,
Paragraph 4,
Why do today’s athletes have a wider choice of pills
and drugs?
Answer,
Question,
Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,Cyclists,basketball and football players
may use them,
Paragraph 5,
In what ways do stimulants help athletes? And which
athletes may take them?
Answer,
Question,
―Calmers‖ relieve stress,and give the users steady
hands and cool nerves,Snooker players,archers and
those who shoot may take them,
Paragraph 6,
In what ways do ―calmers‖ help athletes? And which
athletes may take them?
Answer,
Question,
Because they can cause serious health problems,
such as heart attacks,when taken in large doses,
Paragraph 7,
Why are the illegal drugs considered dangerous?
Answer,
Question,
Text Analysis
Main Ideas
Many kinds of drugs are used by athletes to improve
sports performance,But they are harmful to the body
and illegal,
Many athletes still use drugs,for example Ben Johnson,
even if they are harmful and illegal.
Ancient athletes also took substances to improve sports
performance,
More drugs are available with the development of
medical science,
1
2
3
4
Paragraphs
Text Analysis
Main Ideas
Stimulants are used for more energy and confidence in
spite of their side effects,
―Calmers‖ are used for steady hands and cool nerves,
The overuse of drugs can cause serious health problems,
5
6
7
Paragraphs
It is every athlete's lifelong dream to be a world winner,
However,in the face of keen competition for the championship,
winning a gold medal must be a difficult task as well as a real
challenge,How can one win? To win at all costs? Even at the
cost of taking illegal drugs?
Read In
Read In
It is every athlete's lifelong dream to be a world winner,
However,in the face of keen competition for the championship,
winning a gold medal must be a difficult task as well as a real
challenge,How can one win? To win at all costs? Even at the
cost of taking illegal drugs?
Read In
It is every athlete's lifelong dream to be a world winner,
However,in the face of keen competition for the championship,
winning a gold medal must be a difficult task as well as a real
challenge,How can one win? To win at all costs? Even at the
cost of taking illegal drugs?
athlete n,
1) person who competes in sports 运动员
2) person who has the strength and skill to perform well at
sports 身强力壮的人
e.g,She is a born athlete,
Extended words,athletic,athletics
Read In
It is every athlete's lifelong dream to be a world winner,
However,in the face of keen competition for the championship,
winning a gold medal must be a difficult task as well as a real
challenge,How can one win? To win at all costs? Even at the
cost of taking illegal drugs?
keen a,(a fight or competition) very hard to win 激烈的
e.g,There is expected to be keen competition in the
election of the chai man of th tudent union,
Extended words,keenly,keenness
Related words,fierce,intense,tough
e.g,Safin won the men’s semi-final at the Australia Open
after a keen fight against Roger Federer,
Read In
It is every athlete's lifelong dream to be a world winner,
However,in the face of keen competition for the championship,
winning a gold medal must be a difficult task as well as a real
challenge,How can one win? To win at all costs? Even at the
cost of taking illegal drugs?
challenge n,
sth,new and difficult which requires great effort and
determination 挑战
e.g,The newcomer’s first challenge is the complicated
relations in the office,
Extended words,challenging,unchallenging
Related word,demanding
Read In
It is every athlete's lifelong dream to be a world winner,
However,in the face of keen competition for the championship,
winning a gold medal must be a difficult task as well as a real
challenge,How can one win? To win at all costs? Even at the
cost of taking illegal drugs?
Collocation,rise to the challenge 接受挑战, 迎战
e.g,He rose to the challenge of organizing the conference
all by himself,
Read In
It is every athlete's lifelong dream to be a world winner,
However,in the face of keen competition for the championship,
winning a gold medal must be a difficult task as well as a real
challenge,How can one win? To win at all costs? Even at the
cost of taking illegal drugs?
at all costs,
(something must be done) even if it requires a lot of effort or
money 不惜任何代价
e.g,The mother asked the doctor to save the boy at all costs,
e.g,He worked too hard,even at the cost of his own health,
Collocation,at the cost of sth,以 ……为代价
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
when used over a long period of time
Paraphrase,
when they are used for a long time
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
while doing so
Paraphrase,
while he was using illegal drugs
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
However,when it proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the
title,Ben Johnson was stripped of the medal and sent home
immediately,
Paraphrase,
But when it was clear that Ben Johnson had use drugs to win
the championship,his medal was taken back and he was
immediately banned from competition,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
compete v,
try to win by defeating others who are trying to do the same
竞争；比赛
e.g,Animals compete with each other for food and space,
Extended words,competitive,competition,competitor
Collocations,compete with/against sb,和某人竞争； compete in
sth,参加某种竞争； compete for sth,为 ……而竞争
I hate to compete
with the dog for a
shelter,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
nerve n,
1) one of the group of fibres in your body that carries message
between your brain and the rest of your body,
communicating pain,pr ssure,feelings of heat and cold 神经
2) boldn ss; courage 胆量；勇气
e.g,A painful tooth erve is quite unb arable,
e.g,I don’t have the nerve to go bungee jumping,
He is a man with a lot of nerve,
Extended words,prepare,preparative
e.g,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
side effect,
secondary,usually unpleasant or unplanned effect 副作用
e.g,The pill has some side effects including weight gain and
headaches,
e.g,Side effects of modern life are quick-paced life and stress,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
illegal a,against the law 违法的；非法的
e.g,It is illegal to sell cigarettes to adolescents,
Extended words,legal,illegally
Related words,lawful,unlawful
It is illegal to park your car here,sir,e.g,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
event n,
1) sth,that happens,especially when it is unusual or important
（ 大 ） 事件
e.g,The chi f ev nt of 1945 was the ending of World War II,
e.g,Which events have you entered for?
Extended word,eventful
2) any of the races,competitions,etc,in a sports program
比赛项目
e.g,A lot of major sports events have been held in this stadium,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
risk n,the possibility of meeting danger or suffering harm,loss,
etc,危险；风险
e.g,
e.g,
Extended word,risky
v,1) expose … to danger 使 ……面临危险
e.g,Athletes taking illegal drugs risk
being disqualified,
2) accept the possibility of sth,npleasant 冒险干
Collocations,be at risk,put … at risk,
at the risk of (doing) sth,
The doctors risked their own lives to help the SARS victims,
The reporters are taking a big risk going to the region at war,
e.g,He put his own life at risk by going to the sea in such weather,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
disqualification n,
the act of preventing sb,from doing sth.,usually because he
has broken a rule or is not able enough 取消资格
e.g,He faces disqualification for driving while drunk,
Extended word,disqualify
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
have an effect on sb.,
produce an impression,cause an action,etc,产生后果, 影响
e.g,I’ve told her again and again,but it has no effect on her,
e.g,The book had a significant effect on the whole
generation,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
prove v,
show that sth,is true or certain by means of argument or
evidence 证明, 证实
e.g,He failed to prove that he was innocent,
Extended word,proof
e.g,He was accused of exaggeration; but now his theory of
population proves to be correct,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
rely on/upon,count or depend on 依赖
e.g,We increasingly rely on computers to work,
Extended words,reliable,reliant,reliance
Related words,depend,dependable,dependant,dependence
I know I can always rely on you to work out a solution,e.g,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
strip (sb,of sth.) v,
take away (property,honours,etc.) from sb,剥夺
e.g,The officer was stripped of his rank and all his privileges
after he had been proved corrupt,
e.g,Stripped of all his possessions,he was rejected by all his
friends,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
ban
1,v,officially forbid 明令禁止
e.g,The government bans smoking in the public,
Related words,forbid,prohibit
e.g,The government put a ban on the
import of poultry from bird-flu-stricken
areas,
2,n,order that bans 禁令
Collocation,put/impose/place a ban on sth./sb,禁止某事 /某人
Collocation,ban sb,from doing (sth.)
明令禁止某人做某事
e.g,He was banned from attending the ceremony,
Winning at All Costs
All over the world,many kinds of drugs are used by athletes
competing in sports,Some are used to build muscles or give the
athlete extra strength,Others kill the pain of injuries or calm
nerves,Many of them have serious side effects and are harmful to
the body when used over a long period of time,Some of them are
illegal and athletes are not allowed to take them before an event,
The risks of disqualification and bodily damage seem to have
little effect on some athletes,Perhaps the most famous of them all
is Ben Johnson,In 1988,this Canadian athlete became the fastest
man in the world record while doing so,However,when it was
proved that he had relied on drugs to gain the title,Ben Johnson
was stripped of the medal and sent home immediately,He was
banned from international athletics for two years,
athletics n,
physical exercises and competitive sport 体育运动
e.g,They are having an
athletics meeting,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
With the development of medical science,modern athletes have
an even wider choice when it comes to pills and drugs,
Paraphrase,
Since medical science has developed rapidly,present-day
athletes can use a variety of pills and drugs,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
it is a known fact that many cyclists … use stimulants to make
them more competitive,
Paraphrase,
we all know that many cyclists … take stimulants so that they
can become more competitive,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
substance n,particular type of matter 物质
e.g,Water and ice are the same substance in different forms,
e.g,Some unknown substance was detected in the meteorite
（ 陨石 ）,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
performance n,
1) (especially outstanding) action or achievement 表现
e.g,He was promoted to the position of manager for his
excellent performance,
e.g,Will you come and watch our
performance tonigh?
Extended word,perform
2) playing (a piece of music) or acting (a play) to entertain the
audience 表演
e.g,Your performance in the exam is not very satisfactory,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
ancient a,belonging to times long past 古代的, 古老的
e.g,China is one of the cradles of ancient civilization,
Villagers there still keep their ancient traditions,e.g,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
diet n,
1) sort of food that is usually eaten (by a person,community,
etc.) 日常食物, 日常饮食
e.g,Japanese diet of rice,vegetables and fish is good for
your health,
e.g,Doctors suggest a low-salt diet for
the old,
Collocation,on a diet 节食
2) limited variety or amount of food that
is eaten for a special purpose
（ 适合某种疾病或有助于减肥等的 ） 特种饮食
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
when it comes to (doing) sth.,
when it is a matter of (doing) sth,当说到 ……的时候
e.g,She finds it hard to resist the temptation when it comes
to food,
e.g,He is an expert when it comes to gardening,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
stimulant n,
1) drug that increase physical or mental activity and alertness
兴奋剂
e.g,Coffee and tea are mild stimulants,
e.g,Discount is no longer a stimulant to consumption,
Extended words,stimulate,stimulating,stimulation
2) event,activity that encourages greater or further activity
起刺激作用的事情
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
confidence n,
1) firm trust 信赖, 信心
e.g,Don’t put too uch confidenc in his words,
e.g,The interviewee answered all the questions with
great confidence,
Extended word,confident
2) feeling of certainty; trust in one’s own ability 把握, 自信
e.g,We have lost confidence in him,
You should have more confidenc in yourself,e.g,
Taking substances to improve sports performances is not
new,Athletes in ancient Egypt drank a mixture of boiled leaves
and rose petals before a race,These athletes believed that the
drink would make them winners of their events,The winner of
the 200 meters at the Olympic Games of 668 B.C,in ancient
Greece used a special diet of figs,
With the development of medical science,modern
athletes have an even wider choice when it comes to pills and
drugs,
Many athletes take stimulants to help them perform well
in competitions,Stimulants make the user feel full of energy and
confidence,On the other hand,they can also make a person ill-
tempered and violent,Although they are officially banned in
sport,it is a known fact that many cyclists,basketball and
football players use stimulants to make them more competitive,
competitive a,
1) of or involving competition 竞争的
e.g,Modern society is competitive,
e.g,Prices offered by us are very competitive in the market,
2) able to do as well as or better than others 有竞争力的
e.g,You have to be highly competitive to survive in modern
society,
3) having a strong urge to win 好胜的
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy — they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress in
patients who suffer from high blood pressure …
Paraphrase,
Some athletes also take drugs which are normally used by
patients who suffer from high blood pressure to lessen
discomfort…
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
All these drugs can cause serious health problem if taken in
large dose,
Paraphrase,
All these drugs can cause serious health problem if too much of
them are taken,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
This is because people who take stimulants think they can keep
going and they push their bodies too far,
Paraphrase,
The danger of having a heart attack exists since stimulants
drive athletes to overreach themselves,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy — they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
relieve v,
lessen or remove (pain,distress,anxiety,etc.) 减轻
e.g,This drug can relieve your pain,
Extended words,relief,relieved
e.g,New subways have been built to
relieve traffic jams,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
stress n,
(pressure or worry resulting from) mental or physical distress,
difficult circumstances,etc,压力, 忧虑
e.g,He moved to the country to escape from the stresses of
modern city life,
Extended word,stressful
e.g,All the employees here suffer from stress,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
dose n,
amount of medicine to be taken at one time 一次剂量
e.g,Please make sure that you take the correct dose,
Extended word,dosage
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
eventually ad,
in the end,at last 最后, 终于
e.g,We eventually arrived after a 26-hour train ride,
e.g,He tried so many times in vain,and eventually gave up,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
washed out,
very tired and lacking in energy 疲惫的
e.g,She looked washed out after her illness,
Some athletes also take drugs normally used to relieve stress
in patients who suffer from high blood pressure or who have heart
problems,Snooker players,archers and those who shoot in
competition all need steady hands and cool nerves,It is believed
that some athletes have taken these "calmers" for these reasons,
All these drugs can cause serious health problems if taken in
large doses,For example,stimulants are very dangerous,They do
not create energy -- they take it from the body,Eventually,users
feel tired and washed out,There is also a danger of having a heart
attack when doing hard exercise,This is because people who take
stimulants think they can keep going and they push their bodies
too far,A British cyclist,Tommy Simpson,and Len Bias,an
American basketball player,both died from an overdose of
stimulants,
keep going,
continue moving along or doing sth,hat one has started,even
if one is tired and would prefer to stop 坚持
e.g,―I forc d my elf to keep going,And I made it,‖ he
recalled proudly,
e.g,―Keep going!‖ she encouraged me,
Dictation
Directions,Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks,
Anti-Doping
Doping to performance in sports has a history that
goes all the way back to the ancient games in Greece,Athletes in
ancient Greece ate special of things like dried figs to give
themselves an edge over their,
The first recorded doping death occurred in 1886 when the
cyclist Arthur Linton died from an of illegal drugs,In
the 1930s and 40s amphetamines and were
commonly used,
improve _______
other stimulants _______________
competitors ___________
diets ____
overdose________
Dictation
Directions,Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks,
But not until 1967 did the Olympic Committee establish a
special organization to fight doping in sports,By the 1972 Munich
Games,testing had become more widespread and seven athletes
tested positive for drugs and were of their medals,
Despite the risks of and serious health problems,
today’s athletes take illegal drugs to become more and
to,
banned______ stripped_______
disqualification_____________
confident________
relieve stress____________
officially forbid
take away (property,honours,etc,from sb.)
result or consequence of an action
show that sth,is true or certain
depend
particular type of matter
trust in one’s own ability
try to win by defeating others
the possibility of meeting danger or suffering
harm,loss
pressure or worry resulting from difficult
circumstances
Words and Phrases
Directions,Write out a word according to the meaning given below,
Section A
effect _______
ban _______
strip _______
prove _______
rely _______
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
substance _________
confidence __________
compete _________
risk _______
stress _______
1,Although your (perform) was good in the contest,
hers was even better,so the gold medal went to her,
2,The Olympic Games is an international (athlete) meeting,
held every four years at a different site,
3,It is (legal) to sell alcohol to teenagers,
4,Before he went up to the stage,he gave a (confidence)
smile,
5,The team was (disqualification) from the competition
in the first round,
Directions,Complete the sentences with the proper forms of
the words given in parentheses,
Words and Phrases
performance___________
Section B
athletics ________
illegal______
confident_________
disqualified __________
6,Inexperienced speakers tend to be (nerve) when speaking
to a large audience,
7,Our products are very (compete) in both quality and
price,
8,I can place absolute (rely) on my best friend when I
meet with difficulties,
9,It is (risk) to take calming drugs in large doses,
10,She waved good-bye to her son with a (mix) of pride
and sorrow,
nervous _______
competitive __________
reliance _______
risky _____
mixture _______
Words and Phrases
Directions,Complete the sentences with the proper forms of
the words given in parentheses,
Section B
1.The poor mother was even her right to visit her son,
2.The boss told us to get the contract signed,
3.The results that the reform has been effective and the
living standard has improved,
4.You have too heavily your parents,It is high time for
you to live your own life,
Directions,Fill in the blanks with words and phrases chosen from
the following box,Change the forms where necessary,
Section C
ban from have no effect on at all costs when it comes to
die from strip of prove relieve risk rely on
Words and Phrases
at all costs __________
stripped of __________
prove _____
relied on _____ __
ban from have no effect on at all costs when it comes to
die from strip of prove relieve risk rely on
Directions,Fill in the blanks with words and phrases chosen from
the following box,Change the forms where necessary,
Section C
Words and Phrases
5,Don’t asking him about his past,He is very sensitive
about that,
6,The company was operating within the border of
our country,
7,He is an expert food and drink,
banned from ___________
risk___
when it comes to _______________
8,His failure to win the championship seems to
him,He just behaves as usual,
9,Many soldiers wounds as there were not enough
medicines,
10,It is said that chocolate can depression and cheer you
up,
relieve ______
have no effect on ________________
died from _________
Directions,Fill in the blanks with words and phrases chosen from
the following box,Change the forms where necessary,
Section C
ban from have no effect on at all costs when it comes to
die from strip of prove relieve risk rely on
Words and Phrases
Listening Practice
Directions,Listen to the following passage,And decide
whether the following sentences are,T” or,F.”
In ancient times,any athletes from Greece could compete in
the Olympics held in Greece,
In today’s Olympics,winning athletes can put their hometowns
on the map,
Winning athletes might become leaders in their own hometowns
in ancient Olympics,
Only Greek boys who excelled in sports could join athletic
training to prepare for the Olympics,
Athletes may have other jobs,but many of them employed
professional trainers to train them,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
F ( )
Script
F ( )
F ( )
T ( )
T ( )
Listening Practice
Directions,Listen to the following passage,And decide
whether the following sentences are,T” or,F.”
In ancient times,any athletes from Greece could compete in
the Olympics held in Greece,
In today’s Olympics,winning athletes can put their hometowns
on the map,
Winning athletes might become leaders in their own hometowns
in ancient Olympics,
Only Greek boys who excelled in sports could join athletic
training to prepare for the Olympics,
Athletes may have other jobs,but many of them employed
professional trainers to train them,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
F ( )
F ( )
F ( )
T ( )
T ( )
The anc ent Olympics were rather different from the
modern Games,There were few ev nts,and only free m n
who spoke Greek could compete,instead of athletes from
any other countries,Also,the games wer always held at
Olympia instead of oving around to different sites every
time,
Like our Olympics,though,winning athletes were heroes
who put their hometowns on the map,Different from today’s
practices,their hometowns might reward them with free
meals for the rest of their lives,money,or leadership
positions in the community,
Listening Practice
Directions,Listen to the following passage,And decide
whether the following sentences are,T” or,F.”
In ancient times,any athletes from Greece could compete in
the Olympics held in Greece,
In today’s Olympics,winning athletes can put their hometowns
on the map,
Winning athletes might become leaders in their own hometowns
in ancient Olympics,
Only Greek boys who excelled in sports could join athletic
training to prepare for the Olympics,
Athletes may have other jobs,but many of them employed
professional trainers to train them,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
F ( )
F ( )
F ( )
T ( )
T ( )
Athletic training was a basic part of every Greek boy’s
education,and any boy who xc lled in sports mi ht compete
in the Olympics,Ancient writers tell the stories of athletes
who worked at other jobs and did not spend all their time in
training,Many athletes employed professional trainers to
coach them,and they kept training and dietary routines
much like athletes today,
Group Discussion
Directions,Listen to the following passage and then discuss the
following questions in small groups,After discussion,
some of the students will be required to represent
their respective groups to report their discussion to
the whole class,The following words and expressions
are for your reference,
He Zhili（ 何智丽 ）
Today,the Olympic Games are the world’s largest
pageant of athletic skill and competitive spirit,At the
same time,they are also displays of nationalism,
commerce and politics,Athletes winning gold medals also
bring great honor to their country,For this reason,it is not
rare for some athletes to leave their motherlands,and to
compete as citizens of some other nations in the Olympics,
An athlete can migrate（ 移民 ） to another nation and represent
that nation when entering for the Olympic events,Take Chinese
ping pong players for example,There are so many outstanding
players in China,but only a lucky few of them can compete in the
Olympics as a member of the Chinese national team,Some ping
pong players choose to leave China and to play for another nation,
As a matter of fact,former members of the Chinese national team
now playing for other nations are considered the biggest rivals of
Chinese ping pong players,
What do you think of an athlete competing in international sports meetings,
representing a country other than his/her own motherland?
Reference words and expressions,
patriotism,nationalism,commitment to one’s country,countryman,
duty,responsibility,national flag,national anthem,honor,national
dignity,arouse/stir（ 激发 ）,corporate interests（ 集体利益 ）,take priority
over sth.（ 比 …… 更重要 ） ; emigrate,citizenship,individual interests,
individual development,realize one’s dream,make one’s dream come
true,achieve one’s goals,fulfillment,accomplishment,pursue,career,
coach,train,reward,invest one’s time/effort in (doing) sth.,sacrifice,
fair play（ 公平竞争 ） ; athletic spirits,never give up,passion; promote
international communication,enhance international friendship,
introduce（ 引进 ） advanced expertise and techniques,keep up with,
encourage,motivate（ 激励 ）,in the interests of…（ 为了 …… 的利益 ）,
Olympic motto,faster,higher,stronger
Practical Writing
Fax（传真）
1.Sample
2.Notes of Format
3.Language Points
5.Do It Yourself
4.Basic Patterns
Tel Fax
To,
Date,
From,
ATTN.,
Subject,
No,of Page(s),
Fax Cover Sheet
Textile Import-Export Co.,Ltd,
Tel Fax
Fax Cover Sheet
To,
35 Humin Road Shanghai,P.R,China
86-21-62888888 86-21-62888800
Shanghai Textile Co.,Ltd,
Date,February 3,2005
From,Mr,J,Chen,Manager
ATTN.,Mr,L,Huang,Sales Manager
Subject,REQUEST FOR QUOTATION
No,of Page(s),1
Dear Mr,Huang,
We are very interested in the sweater,the sample of which
you sent to us on January 29th,Please quote a price,
Yours faithfully,
J,Chen
Manager
Notes of Format
传真没有固定的格式，主要分为两部分：抬头和具体内容。抬头的样式可以
根据个人喜好、公司风格进行设计。但是一般的抬头都包括以下内容：在最
上方是发出传真的公司的名称、地址、电话和传真的号码，对一个公司来说
这些信息是固定不变的；接下来一般是个固定的表格，其中有 To（致）、
From（自）,Date（日期）,Subject（事由）,Total pages（总页数）
等项目，在发传真时填写。
（发件公司名称）
（发件公司地址）
Tel,（发件公司电话） Fax, （发件公司传真号）
To,（收件公司及具体收件人） From:（具体发件人名字及职务）
Date,(发件日期）
Subject,(发件事由）
No,of Page(s):（传真总页数）
1)
Subject（事由）这一项也可以省略，因为在正文中会交代。在 To（致）这
一栏中的具体收件人可以填他的名字和 /或职务。有时这个表格中还有 ATTN
（送交）这一项，这时，在 To（致）这一栏中只需填收件公司的名称，而在
ATTN（送交）这一栏中填具体收件人的名字和 /或职务。
To,（收件公司及具体收件人） From:（具体发件人名字及职务）
ATTN,（送交） Date:（发件日期）
Subject:（发件事由）
No,of Page(s),（传真总页数）
收到传真后，根据传真纸的抬头就能知道传真是由哪里发出的，回传真的号
码是什么，传真又该回给谁。
传真的具体内容也不拘形式，可以是图片，也可以是文字；可以是便条，也
可以是正式的信函，这些由具体需要、讨论的事宜和双方的关系决定。
2)
3)
Language Points
如果传真的具体内容是较正式的商务信函，一般都会使用正式的称呼和署名，
而信函的正文应该简洁明了，把需要说的事情说清楚即可，不要做不必要的
寒暄。以下的称呼和署名都适用于正式信函。
如果知道收件人的姓名，称呼一般是 Dear Mr./Ms….; 否则可以用 Dear Sir
or Madam。
正文和称呼之间空一行，正文结束后，空一行写 Yours faithfully或 Yours
sincerely,Yours truly等，然后换行署全名。有时可以加上写信人的职务 。
1)
2)
3)
例如,
Dear Sir or Madam,
正文
Yours faithfully,
署名
职务
1) These days,we communicate with our business partners by
fax,
2) Please fax a copy of the agreement to us,
3) I have faxed five hotels there to check their price,
4) Please fax us your quotes together with your catalog,
5) Thank you for your fax of October 15,Below is our catalog
with the quotes,
我们现在用传真和我们的商务伙伴联系。
我给那里的五家酒店发了传真询价。
Basic Patterns
请把贵公司的产品目录和报价单传真给我们。
请将协议传真一份给我们。
感谢贵方 10月 15日的传真。以下是我们的产品目录
及报价单。
6) We have read your quotes,Your prices are not very competitive,
7) We can adjust the prices according to the quantity of your
requirement,
8) Looking forward to your early reply,
9) On May 5 I sent you a fax inquiring the prices,but I have not
received your reply yet,
10) I’d be glad if you could fax your quotation without further
delay,
我们看了贵方的报价。贵方的价格不是很有竞争力。
Basic Patterns
我们可以按贵方购买的量调整价格。
期待您早日回复。
我在 5月 5日发传真询价，但至今没有收到贵方的答复。
希望贵方可以尽快把报价传真给我们。
Do It Yourself
Directions,This part is to test your ability to do practical
writing,You are required to translate a Fax
according to the following information in
Chinese,You should include all points in the
following table,
Shanghai Textile Co.,Ltd,
Tel Fax
Fax Cover Sheet
To,
131 Yan’an Road Shanghai,P.R,China
86-21-35001100 86-21-35001101
Mr,J,Chen,Manager
Textile Import-Export
Co.,Ltd,
Fax,86-21-62888800
From,Mr,L,Huang,Sales
Manager
Tel,86-21-62888888
Date,February 5,2004 Total
Page(s),
2
Tel,86-21-35001100
86-21-35001101 Fax,
Dear Mr,Chen,
（ 我们很高兴贵方对我们的产品有兴趣 。 我们的产品目录及报价附
在第二页 。 我们非常希望能和贵方合作 。 期待贵方早日答复 。 ）
Yours faithfully,
L,Huang
Sales Manager
We are very glad to learn that you are interested in our
product,On the second page is our catalog with the quotations,
We are looking forward to establishing a corporate relation
with you,Looking forward to your early reply,
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Directions,
Practical Reading
Read the following Fact Sheet,Then
complete the chart following it with the
information you have got from the Fact Sheet,
A fact sheet is a short,printed document with information
about a particular subject,especially a summary of
information that has been given on a radio or television
program,
Note,
Fact Sheet,Tsunamis（海啸）
A tsunami is a series of waves that may be dangerous and destructive,
BEFORE
? Find out if your home is in a danger area,
? Be familiar with the tsunami warning signs,
? Make evacuation（撤离） plans,
DURING
? Listen to a radio or television to get the latest emergency information,and
be ready to evacuate if asked to do so,
? Stay away from the beach,Never go down to the beach to watch a tsunami
come in,If you can see the wave you are too close to escape it,
? Return home only after authorities advise it is safe to do so,
AFTER
? Stay tuned to a battery-operated radio for the latest emergency
information,
? Help injured or trapped persons,
? Stay out of damaged buildings,Return home only when authorities say it
is safe,
? Enter your home with caution,
Before a tsunami,one should find out if
If yes,he should make
During a tsunami,if one can see the wave he is
One should not return home until after
After a tsunami,one need a to get the
latest information,
battery-operated radio ____________________
his home is in a dangerous area,____________________________
evacuation plans,_______________
too close to escape it,___________________
authorities advise it is safe to do so,________________________________
Section A
Directions,This section is to test your ability to understand
short dialogues,There are five recorded dialogues
in it,After each dialogue,there is a recorded
question,Both the dialogues and the questions will
be spoken only once,When you hear a question,you
should decide on the correct answer from the four
choices marked A),B),C) and D),
Listening Comprehension
A) It’s a pity the woman had to meet Kate,
B) They would meet Kate,
C) The woman arrived too late to meet Kate,
D) The woman shouldn’t be late again,
1,
Key
Script W,I am sorry to be late,
M,What a pity! Kate was here,and she wanted to
see you,
Q,What does the man mean?
2,
A) Her friend,
B) Her boss,
C) A policeman,
W,Excuse me,sir,May I take your order?
M,Yes,please,
Q,Who is the woman speaking to?
Script
Key
D) A customer,
Script 3,
A) Husband and wife,
B) Boss and secretary,
C) Customer and shop assistant,
D) Master and servant,
W,Hurry up,We will be late for the movie,
M,But it’s you who spent two hours deciding what to
wear,
Q,What’s the possible relationship between the man
and the woman?
Key
4,Script M,Can you help me typing my essay?
W,I haven’t finished my own yet,
Q,What does the woman mean?
A) She will type his essay later,
B) She won’t type his essay,
C) She hasn’t typed his essay yet,
D) She will finish typing his essay soon,
Key
M,Hello,I have an appointment with Mr,Brown,
W,Mr,Brown is waiting for you in his office,
Q,Where did this conversation take place?
5,
A) In a bar,
B) At Mr,Brown’s office,
C) In a hotel,
D) At the front desk of a company,
Script
Key
Section B
Directions,This section is to test your ability to understand short
conversations,There are two recorded conversations
in it,After each conversation,there are some
recorded questions,Both the conversations and the
questions will be spoken twice,When you hear a
question,you should decide on the correct answer
from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),
Are you enjoying your trip to Shanghai?
Oh,yes,I really like it here,
Would you like to do something tonight?
Sure,What do you suggest?
Let me see,I know a bar was newly opened,
That’d be great,I haven’t been to any bar here yet,I am
curious about Shanghai’s night life,
What about meeting at 8:00 and going there together?
Great! See you then,
See you,
W,
M,
W,
M,
W,
M,
W,
M,
W,
Script
Conversation 1
Key
6,
A) He never goes to bars,
B) He knows Shanghai very well,
C) He is a visitor to Shanghai,
D) He goes to bars very often,
Q,What do we know about the man? Script
Script 7,
A) She invited him to go to a newly-opened bar
with her,
B) She suggested he go to the bar alone,
C) She invited the man to a party at her home,
D) She invited the man to a meeting at 8:00,
Q,What does the woman suggest to the man?
Key
Script
Conversation 2
Good afternoon,Can I help you?
Yes,please,Could I have something for a headache? I guess I
have got a cold,
Well,I suggest a bottle of aspirin,And you should get a
bottle of vitamin C,too,
Thank you,And what do you have for a cough?
Then try this cough syrup,It’s very good,
And maybe because of the cold,my eyes are dry and itchy,
I think this bottle of eye drops is what you need,
Oh,thank you so much,
You are welcome,
W,
M,
W,
M,
W,
M,
W,
M,
W,
Q,What is the woman? 8,
A) A nurse,
B) A doctor,
C) A friend of the man,
D) A pharmacist,
Script
Key
Q,Which of the following is not mentioned in the
conversation?
9,
A) Eye drops,
B) Aspirin,
C) Cough pills,
D) Vitamin C,
Script
Key
Key
Q,Why does the man need eye drops? 10,
A) Because he has poor eyesight,
B) Because his cold makes his eyes uncomfortable,
C) Because he reads too much,
D) Because he has tired eyes,
Script
Section C
Directions,This section is to test your ability to comprehend
short passages,You will hear a recorded passage,
After that you will hear five questions,Both the
passage and the questions will be read twice,
When you hear a question,you should complete
the answer to it with a word or short phrase,
Script
Section C
Directions,This section is to test your ability to comprehend
short passages,You will hear a recorded passage,
After that you will hear five questions,Both the
passage and the questions will be read twice,
When you hear a question,you should complete
the answer to it with a word or short phrase,
Albert Einstein is one of the greatest theoretical
physicists of all ime,He advanced the theory of relativity in
1905 when he was only 25,In 1921 he was awarded the Nobel
Prize for his outstanding achievement,
Einstein’s theory has helped change our view of the
world,It deals with both the atoms and the whole universe at
the same time,and relates space with time,Important as his
theory is,Einstein worked out his theory mostly in the
laboratory of his mind,His theory had never been heard of
before and it was so complicated that even scientists could
not understand it at first,And at that time,technologies and
equipments were not advanced enough to prove his theory,It
was years later that experiments and discoveries in different
fields showed his theory to be correct,And even today’s
scientists cannot fully understand all of his theory,
His theory has helped of the world,
Because his theory had never been and
was very complicated,
How important is his theory?
Why couldn’t his theory be proved at first?
Why couldn’t scientists of his time understand his theory
at first?
How old was Einstein when he won the Nobel Prize?
41 ___,
Script
What was he famous for? Script
Script
Script
Script
theory of relativity _________________,
change our view ______________
technologies and equipments _________________________
heard of before______________
11,
12,
13,
14,
15,
He was
He was famous for his
Because at that time
were not advanced enough,
Section A
Directions,In this section,there are five incomplete sentences,
You are required to complete each one by deciding on
the most appropriate word or words from the four
choices marked A),B),C) and D),
Vocabulary and Structure
16,A,Mary speaks English,
B,,D_____
Mary speaks English.是肯定句，对它的回答也应该是表肯定的句式，
所以可以排除选项 A和 C。而选项 B的语序适用于上下文是指不同的两个人。
选项 D的语序适用于上下文指同一个人，因此正确答案为 D。
A) Neither does Joe,
B) So does Joe,
C) Neither Joe does,
D) So she does,
17,These days,we have many
A) woman doctor
B) woman doctors
C) women doctors
D) women doctor
C
由 man,woman加另一个名词合成的名词, 通常是两个组成部分
都改为复数形式, 因此正确答案为 C。
_____,
18,A,They were not home,
B,before you arrived,
A) They can leave
B) They must have left
C) They should have left
D) They must leave
本句是根据上文的陈述做出推测, 而推测的对象是过去的事件, 这时应该
用 must have done的结构, 因此正确答案为 B。
B ______
19,A,I like learning new things,
B,I wish I your brains,I am too stupid,
A) had
B) would have
C) have
D) had had
动词 wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语态，在本句中说话人对现在的情况表示
不满和遗憾，宾语从句中的动词应该采用过去式，因此正确答案为 A。
A_____
20,our walk it began to rain,
A) Not until we had begun … that
B) Hardly we had begun … when
C) Not until had we begun … that
D) Hardly had we begun … when
本句的正确答案为 D，意为,我们刚开始散步天就开始下雨了,。因为
hardly含否定含义，主句必须倒装。如果想表示,直到我们开始散步天
才开始下雨,，应该说 Not until we had begun our walk did it
begin to rain,
D _____ D_____
Section B
Fill in each blank with the proper form of the
word given in brackets,
Directions,
21,The child is the most (trouble) I have ever seen,troublesome
他是我见过的孩子中最让人头疼的。
22,I am (true) grateful for what you have done for us,
我真诚地感谢你为我们所做的一切。
truly
他要求他们在有第三方在场的情况下讨论这件事。
____
23,He asked them to debate the issue in the (present)
of a third party,
presence________
___________
来自富裕国家的人很难想象还有成百万的人生活在贫困中。
24,It is hard for those from well-to-do countries to imagine
there are still millions living in (poor),poverty
25,The tsunami was (disaster) to the tourist industry
of that area,
disastrous _________
这场海啸对那个地区的旅游业是灾难性的。
26,For all that I said,he shook his head in
(disapprove),
disapproval ___________
27,They have given us (heart) support since we initiated
this project,
hearty
尽管我说了那么多，他还是摇头表示反对。
______
自从我们启动这个项目以来，他们给予了我们热情的支持。
_______
30,We (wonderful) at the mixture of magnificence
and exquisiteness of the palace,
28,There is a notable (resemble) between the
two stories,
resemblance
这两个故事之间有明显的相似之处。
__________
29,The side effects of this stimulant is (know) to
scientists yet,
wondered________
这种兴奋剂的副作用科学家们目前还不清楚。
unknown_______
我们惊叹于这座宫殿宏伟和精致的完美结合。
Directions,This part is to test your ability to translate English
into Chinese,After each sentence of numbered
from 31 to 34,you will read four choices of
suggested translation,You should choose the best
translation and write your translation of sentence
numbered 35 in the corresponding space,
Translation
Key
31,
A) 他的建议最合理，我只得接受他的建议。
B) 他的建议非常合理，我只得接受他的建议。
C) 他的建议非常有感觉，我不能但是必须接受他的建议。
D) 他的建议最合理，我不能但是必须接受他的建议。
His suggestion was most sensible,and I could not but
accept his suggestion,
Key
32,
A） 尽管我尽了力，他还是拒绝了邀请。
B） 由于我的努力，他拒绝了那个邀请。
C） 尽管我努力了，他还是抛弃了邀请。
D） 由于我的努力，他抛弃了邀请。
For all my efforts,he rejected the invitation,
Key
33,
A） 我不太关心流行音乐，但是我喜欢歌剧。
B） 我很不关心流行音乐，但是我喜欢剧院。
C） 我不太喜欢流行音乐，但是我喜欢歌剧。
D） 我很不喜欢流行音乐，但是我喜欢剧院。
I don’t care much for pop music,but I love opera,
Key
34,I didn’t mean to hurt you,I meant it as a joke,
A） 我不是故意要伤害你。我的意思是这只是个玩笑。
B） 我不是故意要伤害你。我只是开个玩笑。
C） 我的意思不是伤害你。我故意开个玩笑。
D） 我的意思不是伤害你。我的意思是想开个玩笑。
The first westerners to discover the island wondered how
any one could have survived on such an isolated,treeless
place,Indeed,this was a mystery until recent evidence
showed that the island was once heavily forested with
giant now-extinct palm,
Key 第一批发现这个岛的西方人不明白怎么能有人在这样一个与世隔绝、
荒凉的岛上活下来。事实上，直到最近这个谜才解开：有证据显示这
个岛上曾经满是巨大的现在已经灭绝的棕榈树。
35,
Global Reading
1.Questions and Answers
2.Text Analysis