Unit 3 Salvation I. Background Information 1. Salvation: Christian Science The realization and demonstration of Life, Truth, and Love as supreme over all, carrying with it the destruction of the illusions of sin, sickness, and death. 2. About author Langston Hughes Langston Hughes James Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902, in Joplin, Missouri. His parents divorced when he was a small child, and his father moved to Mexico. He was raised by his grandmother until he was thirteen, when he moved to Lincoln, Illinois, to live with his mother and her husband, eventually settling in Cleveland, Ohio. It was in Lincoln, Illinois, that Hughes began writing poetry. Following graduation, he spent a year in Mexico and a year at Columbia University. During these years, he held odd jobs as an assistant cook, launderer, and a busboy, and travelled to Africa and Europe working as a seaman. In November 1924, he moved to Washington, D.C. Hughes first book of poetry, The Weary Blues, was published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1926. He finished his college education at Lincoln University in Pennsylvania three years later. In 1930 his first novel, Not Without Laughter, won the Harmon gold medal for literature. Hughes, who claimed Paul Lawrence Dunbar, Carl Sandburg, and Walt Whitman as his primary influences, is particularly known for his insightful, colorful portrayals of black life in America from the twenties through the sixties. He wrote novels, short stories and plays, as well as poetry, and is also known for his engagement with the world of jazz and the influence it had on his writing, as in Montage of a Dream Deferred. His life and work were enormously important in shaping the artistic contributions of the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s. Unlike other notable black poets of the period--Claude McKay, Jean Toomer, and Countee Cullen--Hughes refused to differentiate between his personal experience and the common experience of black America. He wanted to tell the stories of his people in ways that reflected their actual culture, including both their suffering and their love of music, laughter, and language itself. Langston Hughes died of complications from prostate cancer in May 22, 1967, in New York. In his memory, his residence at 20 East 127th Street in Harlem, New York City, has been given landmark status by the New York City Preservation Commission, and East 127th Street was renamed "Langston Hughes Place." DREAMS Langston Hughes Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. 3. revival: a meeting or series of meetings for the purpose of reawakening religious faith, often characterized by impassioned preaching and public testimony. 4. sermon: a religious discourse delivered as part of a church service. II. Language Points 1. escort: n. one or more persons accompanying another to guide, protect, or show honor. a escort of soldiers The prisoner traveled under police escort. Kate's escort arrived to take her out for the evening. v. to accompany as an escort. (Synonyms: accompany) A group of soldiers escorted the President. The queen was escorted by the directors as she toured the factory. 2. Every night for weeks……..by leaps and bounds. Every night for weeks, the priests gave sermons, and people sang songs in praise of God, worshipped God and shouted for joy. Some sinners who had never showed signs of shame or repentance were saved from sin and the number of members of the church increased rapidly. 3. preach: to proclaim or put forth in a sermon: to advocate, especially to urge acceptance of or compliance with: He was always preaching exercise and fresh air. The patriot preached tolerance and peaceful coexistence. 4. The preacher preached a wonderful……..dire pictures of hell. The clergyman spoke on religious matters to the congregation. His speech was marvelously regular and melodious; it was a mixture of the low sounds of pain, grief and suffering, loud and happy as well as lonely cries, and horrible pictures of the underworld sinners go to when they die. 5. by leaps and bounds The number of traffic accidents has been growing by leaps and bounds. Murray has been working hard at his game and has progressed in/by leaps and bounds. The dog leapt over the fence. 狗跳过了围栏。 The idea leaped into his mind. 这个想法突然闪过他的脑海。 6. dire: warning of or having dreadful or terrible consequences; calamitous: a dire economic forecast; dire threats 紧急经济预报；严重威胁 urgent; desperate:紧急的；急需的： in dire need of ; dire poverty. 7. And the whole building rocked with prayer and song. The whole building shook with all the praying and singing. 8. surround: to extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle. A wall surrounds the garden. The fence surrounds the school. a city surrounded by suburbs; 被郊区包围着的城市； a crown circling a king's head; 环绕国王头部的皇冠； a mountain peak compassed by fog; 雾气缭绕的山峰； a belt encircling her waist; 围在她腰部的皮带； a lake that encompasses an island; 环绕小岛的湖泊； oases environed by the desert; 沙漠包围着的绿洲； a castle girded by a moat; 护城河围绕的城堡； gardens girdling a bird bath; 围绕鸟澡盆的花园； a dinner table ringed with guests. 围坐着客人的餐桌 9. Waves of rejoicing swept the place. — The whole church became a sea of great joy. 10. swirl: to move with a twisting or whirling motion; eddy. The snowflakes were swirling all around us. John swirled the ice around in the bottom of his cup. n. a whirling or eddying motion or mass: a swirl of white water the swirl on the lollipop 11. as innocent as a lamb天真无邪的人 as meek as a lamb性情温顺如小羊 as gentle as a lamb as mild as a lamb The whole congregation prayed for me alone, in a mighty wail of moans and voices. All the people attending church service prayed only for me; their praying became one strong and powerful sound of pain and suffering. 13. disillusionment 幻想破灭 illusion ---- illusional, illusionary ---- illusioned illusionism illusionist illusionless illusive=illusory illusively illusiveness 14. rejoice (in / at): to feel joyful; be delighted: rejoiced at the news; rejoiced in her friend's good fortune. It rejoices me to see you looking so well. 看见你的气色很好我很高兴。 The boy's success rejoiced his mother's heart. 这孩子的成功使他母亲极为高兴。 rejoice in: have, own rejoice in health身体健康 rejoice in one's youth年轻 15. defer defer， postpone， shelve， stay， suspend The central meaning shared by these verbs is “to put off until a later time”: deferred paying the bills; 延迟付款；defer payment defer red income 延缓收益 I shall defer replying till I hear from home. postponing our trip; 推迟我们的旅行； shelved the issue; 推迟处理这个问题； stay an execution; 推迟完成； suspending train service. 推迟火车交通服务 Do you always defer (yield) to your parents wishes? 16. baptize (or baptize): admit into Christianity by means of baptism give a first or Christian name to; christen. The baby was baptized Maria. christen They christened the baby John. 他们给这个婴儿洗礼时命名为约翰。 In western countries the baby is usually christened by the priest. 在西方国家婴儿常由牧师施洗礼。 （给船）命名 The majestic ship was christened the Queen Elizabeth.(喻) 17. wail: to grieve or protest loudly and bitterly; lament. (Synonym: cry) The child is wailing for the toy. to make a prolonged, high-pitched sound suggestive of a cry: The wind wailed through the trees. 风穿过树林发出似嚎叫的声音 Wailing Wall A wail of misery went up when new parking restrictions were announced. 当新的停车规定宣布后，引起全面的抗议 18. ecstatic adj. marked by or expressing ecstasy. Being in a state of ecstasy; enraptured. 欣喜若狂的；出神的：陷于狂喜状态中的；心醉神迷的 19. Christian Science The realization and demonstration of Life, Truth, and Love as supreme over all, carrying with it the destruction of the illusions of sin, sickness, and death. 【基督教科学派】 超度，救度：生命、真理或爱是超越一切的认识和证明，随之毁灭一切罪恶，疾病和死亡的幻象 salvation from alcoholism 从酒精中毒中获救 Government loans have been the salvation of several shaky business companies. 政府贷款挽救了几家濒临倒闭的公司。 Christians hope and pray for salvation. 基督教徒希望并祈祷灵魂得救。 20．disillusion: to free or deprive of illusion They had thought that the new colony would be a paradise, but they were soon disillusioned. 他们原以为新殖民地是个天堂，但不久他们便从这幻想中觉醒了。 "She doesn't know her father was a gangleader, and I don't want to disillusion her." "她不知道她的父亲曾是黑帮头子,我也不愿意向她揭露她父亲的真面目。" Many common people are very disillusioned with the present government. 许多老百姓对现政府的幻想完全破灭了。 Text II distinction: a distinguishing factor, attribute, or characteristic, The act of distinguishing; differentiation the chief distinction of Chinese food a writer of distinction academic distinctions There is no appreciable distinction between the twins. His distinction of sound is excellent. His style lacks distinction. assess: assess a tax on sb.'s property assess sb.'s efforts The annual income of school teachers in this place was assessed at ＄900. Damages were assessed at 1000 RMB. trot: The horse trotted along the road. The child trotted along after his mother. 4. acknowledge I acknowledge the truth of his statement. 我承认他说的是事实。 公认为；认为 He was acknowledged to be the best player.他被公认为是最佳选手。 It is universally acknowledged that dogs have an acute sense of smell.大家都认为狗的嗅觉敏锐。 Joe is acknowledged as the best basketball player of the year. 乔被公认为是今年最佳篮球选手。 to acknowledge a favor答谢所受到的关照 to acknowledge his letter表明已收到他的来信 overnight We stayed overnight with my mother. 我们整个晚上都和妈妈在一起。 突然地 Byron became famous overnight. 拜伦突然间成名了。 stay overnight 住一晚, 过夜 make an overnight stop 停留一晚 an overnight guest 过夜的客人 circulation Blood circulates round the body. His book has been taken out of circulation. 他的书已经不发行了。 This magazine has a circulation of over 1000000. 这份杂志的销售量超过了一百万份。 7. subscribe for [to] a book 订购书籍 subscribe to a magazine订阅杂志 subscribe to an opinion同意某一意见 How much did you subscribe for?你捐了多少? He subscribed for 1000 shares.他认购一千股。 Quiz 3 Name ______________ Score ______________ I. Explain the following words, phrases and sentences in your own words. 1. dire: 2. grin: 3. Lamb of God: 4. deceive: 5. some very hardened sinners 6. punctuate: 7. the mourners’ bench 8. …old women with jet-black faces and braided hair, old man with work-gnarled hands. 9. …but one little lamb was left out in the cold 10. I couldn’t bear to tell her… II. Fill in the blanks according to the text of Unit 3. Suddenly the whole room broke into a ________ of shouting, as they saw me ______. Waves of ___________ swept the place. Women ________ in the air. My aunt ______ ______ _______ ________ me. The minister took me __________________ and led me to the _____________. III. Make a sentence with each of the following expressions. Your sentence should be no shorter than 12 words. 1. escort: 2. by/in leaps and bounds: 3. feel ashamed of: 4. hold up: 5. revival: IV. Write a short paragraph. Try to put the following expressions in your writing. rhythmical pray knell serenely