Unit 5  Unit Five Section A The Battle Against AIDS I.???????? Greetings II.????? Review The key words and phrases of Unit Four: make up one’s mind to, a chain of, range from to, focus on, be absorbed in, communicate with, take seriously, III.?? Start the New Lesson 1.?????? Introduction ?? AIDS is a disease that appeared in the United States more than 20 years ago. Since then, AIDS has killed thousands of people and more than a million others are infected. Governments have been slow to introduce programs to help stop the spread of AIDS. As a result, local groups have started to educate the public. Some AIDS programs operate out of small businesses. They show films or provide books and information to customers and share these tools wit schools, community groups and churches. They also teach other groups how to join in the battle to stop the spread of AIDS. Each of us has a duty to help win the war against this disease. All of us can learn how to protect others and ourselves. 2.?????? Discourse Analysis The main idea of the passage: Despite the spread of AIDS, no cure for it and lack of government activity, some local organizations have been active and creative in the battle against the fatal disease. The whole passage is made up of four parts: Part 1 includes paragraph 1-2; Part 2 includes paragraph 3-6, Part 3 includes7-13. Part 4: 14。 The main idea of Part 1: A serious disease named as AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S.A. in the late 1970s; and since then it has been a big threat to the American society. The main idea of Part 2: In contrast to the government’s inactivity, some local organizations have made efforts to fight against AIDS creatively. The main idea of Part 3: The organization has generalized some practical methods which are useful to other similar groups. The main idea of Part 4: Fighting against AIDS entails everyone’s involvement and forces each of us to be an educator and learn to live. Devices for developing the passage: ?Part 1 is developed by: Phenomenon description(现象法)? (现象法), Part 2: deduction(演绎法). Part 3: Problem-solution-evaluation(解题法) listing（列举法） Part4: Induction(演绎法) 3.?????? Language Points 1.?????? acquire: vt. get by one’s own efforts (获得,学到). e.g.—acquire land and property; require: vt. ask(要求). E.g.--All passengers are required to show their tickets. 2.?????? alone: time + alone: 单, 仅多长时间就…eg.—He lost all his families in two months alone; --He finished his higher education in one year alone.?? 3.?????? in the late 1970s, in the early 1970s, in the middle 1970s,??? 4.?????? infect: vt. get the disease/virus(感染), a disease infect sb/ sb is infected with a disease: e.g.—Because the virus has infected her legs, the doctor decides to amputate them;--Anyone with a bad cold may infect the people around him;--She was infected with SARS. 5.?????? expect: vt. sb / sth is expected to: sb/sth is likely to(预计将), e.g.—It is expected to rain; --He is expected to die with two years;--The output is expected to double within two months;--I expected john to meet me at the airport, but he didn’t appear. 期待 ? ???Another 185.000of the one million infected with the HIV virus are also expected to die: Another 185.000 of the one million who have got the HIV virus are also likely to die/people believe that another 185.000 of the one million who have got the HIV virus will die in the near future. HIV: HIV is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This is the virus that spreads through contact with infected blood, infected sexual partners or within the womb of an infected pregnant mother. After infecting a person, HIV can remain hidden in the body for long and different periods of time until it becomes active and develops into AIDS for which no known cure exists. The virus spreads very fast once contact has been made with an infected source. 6.?????? Latino: is the given to Hispanic American citizens in the United States who share th Spanish language in common but ma be from different races or religions and different Spanish speaking countries. 7.?????? rural: a. of the countryside(乡村的) , urban: a. of the city (城市的) 8.?????? constitute: v. 部分constitute整体: 整体 is made up of 部分（组成, 构成）,e.g.—Seven days constitute a week;--Seven teachers and two students constitute a committee to judge whether he has violate the school rules;--4000 words constitute a base for the further English learning in the college.—Children and women constitute the main part of the refugees ? ???Women and youth in rural southern communities now constitute the fastest growing segment of people with AIDS: the number of women and young people who are infected with AIDS is growing fastest in the countryside? in the south. 9.?????? alarm: n. 闹铃，警报；vt. cause the feeling of danger(使惊恐， 使担心)，sb be alarmed at sth/that eg.—alarm clock;--an air-raid alarm;--an earthquake alarm;--He was alarmed at the news;--People are always alarmed at earthquakes; ? ???alarming: a. surprising, frightening, anxious (使人惊恐的，令人担忧的)，e.g.—The situation that the younger generation only worship money is alarming. 10.?? despite: prep.=in spite of: although(尽管，虽然. 介词后应接名词短语或动名词)，e.g.—Despite the bad weather, they set out at five o’clock in the early morning;--Despite my hate for him, I decide to help him; 11.?? be slow in sth/doing sth: do sth slowly/don’t take necessary action in time(不迅速，迟缓)，--The board is slow in reaction;--slow in acting;? 12.?? implement: vt. carry out/put into practice(实施，执行)，e.g.—implement a program: 执行，实施一个项目/计划，--implement a policy; 13.?? in place of: instead of (代替)，e.g.—He does the job in place of Tom who is ill. 14.?? inactivity: n.行动迟缓 15.?? emerge: vi. appear(问题，困难等出现)， sth emerge, eg.—In the late 1970s, a depression emerged which drew the country back into poverty; --Land emerged from the sea; --Several difficulties emerged when they were implementing the program. 16.?? combat: vt. combat sth: fight against sth(与…战斗,与…做斗争), e.g.—Combat the enemy bravely;--Combat the pollution;--Combat the corruption 17.?? suffer from: feel painful because of(因…而遭受痛苦/受…之苦), e.g.—He suffers from headache; --He suffers from heart attack; 18.?? resources: n. material, money or other things which an organization or afamily or a country has and can use(财力,物力, usu. pl, 资源), e.g.—the natural resources,--the human resources,--the oil resources 19.?? prevention: keep AIDS from spreading/make AIDS stop spreading(预防) 20.?? throughout: in or through every part of. 21.?? reach: v. 接触. 22.?? stylist: n. 设计师. 23.?? set up: 建立 24.?? group: n.团体 25.?? valuable: a. very important or useful. 26.?? develop: come into being gradually(逐渐探索出) 27.?? technique: n. skill; method(方法) 28.?? many communities have a low literacy rate: in many communities there are so many people who can’t read and write 29.?? rate: 率, 比例. E.g.—birth rate; --death rate 30.?? illustrate: explain by pictures or examples(解释,说明): e.g.—He gave an example to illustrate that language point. 31.?? relate: say or tell(讲；叙述) e.g.-- I related my adventure to my family. 32.?? government publications: books or magazines printed by government. 33.?? peer: n. a person who has the same rank, class, or age(同辈): 34.?? at risk: in danger(有危险，有风险)。 E.g.—He realized that he was at risk after he learned so many facts about this accident. 35.?? status: standing or position; a state of affairs, situation (地位，身份; 状况,情形). E.g.—marriage status, --economic status,--job status,--legal status 36.?? establishment: n. a public or private institution, such as a hospital or school.(一个公共或私人机构，如医院或学校). 37.?? plague: vt.cause sb a lot of trouble or pain(折磨，使困扰): e.g.—the threat of war plagued a lot of people in that country. 38.?? regardless of: no matter what kind of (不管): e.g.—He went out regardless of the weather. –Everyone has the right to live where he likes regardless of his skin color. 39.?? represent: stand for(代表); e.g.—He got a chance to represent China to take part in the Olympic Games last year. 40.?? guard against: watch over in order to protect from hurt or damage(防范): 41.?? we must not let cultural, racial, or social barriers distract us from the job that must be done: we must not let cultural, racial or social barriers take our attention from the job that must be done. ???? barrier: sth that makes it impossible for sth else to be done(). E.g.—Taxes are the biggest barrier to free trade. 42.?? We simply cannot let people continue to die because we don’t feel comfortable talking about AIDS: We really can’t let people continue to die just because we are not happy to about AIDS. ???? feel comfortable doing sht/with sth: e.g.—Do you feel comfortable with the plan? 4.?????? Summary?????? ?? After we have learnt this passage, first, we got a lot of useful information about AIDS and also information about the pressure of AIDS prevention because there is still no cure to AIDS. Second, we should also take our duty to tell our relatives or our friends who still don’t know clearly the threat of AIDS how to protect themselves. 5.?????? Homework: ?? To finish ExerciseⅢ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ Unit Five Section B The Last Dive at the Olympics I.???????? Greetings II.????? Review The information we have got from Section A about AIDS. III.?? Start the New Lesson 1.?????? Introduction ?? This text is taken from an autobiography of an ex-professional diver who was forced to quit diving because he was HIV-positive after the 1988 Olympic Games. From this text we are further impressed with the danger AIDS could bring to the safety and happiness of our lives. 2.?????? Discourse Analysis ?? This passage is made up of four parts. Part1 is made up of paragraph 1-3 to tell what happened in 1988 Olympics diving competition. Part 2 is made up of 4-7 to tell the author’s experience before he took part in the 1988 Olympics. Part 3 is made up of 8-10 to tell the result of the 1988 Olympics diving competition, that is, because of the AIDS, the author was forced to quit diving forever. 3.?????? Language Points 1.?????? commence: begin or start. 2.?????? Next, I felt intense fear: next, I felt the strong feeling of fear. 3.?????? In haste, I pushed him away, and everyone else who approached me: in a hurry I pushed him away and everyone else who came near to me. approach: come near to(接近，靠近) e.g.—Spring approaches. –The day of holiday is approaching. –As we approach the house, we found it was locked. 4.?????? trial: a competition before the final competition in a sport. Usually, it is often used in plural form in this sense(预赛). 5.?????? significant: of major important(重大的) 6.?????? I might have endangered other divers’ lives if I had spilled blood in the pool: I might have put other divers’ lives in danger if my blood had oured in the pool. 7.?????? my natural parents: the parents who gave birth to me; my adoptive parents: the parents who adopted me as their child. 8.?????? so they give me up for adoption: so they gave me away so others could adopt me. 9.?????? call sb names: say bad or unkind things about sb. 10.?? mug: take sth away from sb by force and threat(抢劫). 11.?? have a shot at sth: have a try to do sth(设法，尝试，试着去做某事): e.g.—Let me have a shot at it, please. – Why don’t you have a shot at talking to her yourself? At sixteen, I knew I had a shot a the 1976Olympics: at sixteen, I knew I had a chance to compete with others for the possibility of taking part in the1976 Olympics and I decided to have a try. 12.?? prior to: before(在…之前). E.g.—Prior to his departure, we had a party. –Prior to my marriage, I lived in Shanghai. 13.?? vaporize: become nothing. 14.?? for fear that: I am afraid that 15.?? make it: succeed in doing sth. E.g.—He can’t make it if he doesn’t get my help. Regardless, I made it into the finals; regardless of all the troubles, I succeeded in passing the trials and got the chance to take part in the final competition in diving. 4.?????? Summary ? ?From this passage, we got the lesson that we should live a regular and normal and healthy life to protect ourselves from AIDS, otherwise we may lose very important things in our lives and if so, that is a real pity. 5.?????? Homework ? ? ? ? ? ? 此内容被阅读过168次 ?