课后自测 （后附两套模拟试题） I.Vocabulary and Structure 1.You ought to ___go out without a raincoat on such a rainy day. [A]make better than [B]know better than [C]get the best out of [D]have the best of 2 .This letter ____the reasons for his actions at the time. [A]threw the proof on [B]project light on [C]cast the evidence on [D]shed light on 3.Teachers always like clever students A good case ____is Mary. [A]in condition [B]in place [C]in point [D]in consideration 4.The house will be ____next month. [A]on selling [B]for sale [C]for selling [D]in sale 5.____his study was much improved, but he still needed to work hard. [A]By the way [B]On the way [C]In a way [D]All the way 6.It’s the doctor’s responsibility to ____the patients_____. [A]draw…through [B]pull…over [C]draw…over [D]pull…through 7.He____getting involved in this important matter. [A]had no business [B]had no right [C]had nothing to [D]had no reason 8.The Prime Minister of Nepal was in Beijing the invitation of Premier Zhou En-lai a state visit. [A]for…in [B]on…with [C]with…for [D]at… 9.Mike forced himself to go downstairs his parents wouldn’t think anything was wrong. [A]so [B]for [C]because [D]lest 10.Little that knowledge and experience are invaluable wealth. [A]he has known [B]he was known [C]was he known [D]did he know 11. what kind of student you are, if you work hard, you can he top. [A]Even if [B]In spite of [C]No matter [D]Now that 12.Joe his swimming pool when he heard someone calling his name. [A]is filling [B]has been filling [C]had filled [D]had been filling 13. I was about to give up, he would lift his head and give me a little smile. [A]In every time [B]Every time [C]At every time [D]When every time 14.He was at last saved. A moment’s delay in his drowning. [A]would have resulted [B]almost resulted [C]had resulted [D]would result 15.People in the street were forward in the freezing wind. [A]traveling [B]trudging [C]tracking [D] touring 16.Because of his extraordinary luck in meeting with patrons who gave him just the right at the right time, he was able to succeed. [A]drag [B]force [C]kick [D]push 17.When I look back, I guess it him who gave me the strength to go on somehow. [A]must be [B]should be [C]would have been [D]must have been 18.The secret ahead isn’t who you are, but what you do. [A]to get [B]that gets [C]to getting [D]gets 19.The old lady had two brothers. One of her brothers was killed at Gettysburg, . [A]the other was taken prisoner [B]the other had been taken prisoner [C]the other being taken prisoner [D]the other taken prisoner 20. a beautiful voice and a keen songwriting ability, he took up music as a career. [A]being blessed [B]blessing [C]blessing for [D]blessed with 21.At last Harry was chosen the other candidates. [A]above [B]beyond [C]against [D]over 22.Many people hold the false idea that an ostrich(鸵鸟) hides its bead in the sand. [A]burying through [B]burying with [C]for burying [D]by burying 23.Her illness prevented her from getting out for anything doctor’s appointment. [A]if not [B]rather than [C]without [D]other than 24.Two thousand people erupted with joy as white-haired grey-suited Nelson Mandela . [A]emerged [B]submitted [C]submerged [D]immersed 25.The boss found a boy in the stock room just standing around nothing. [A]doing [B]to do [C]for [D]about 26.He noticed that any other color must be a symbol for something. Only gray seemed to absolutely nothing. [A]take the place of [B]stand for [C]for [D]about 27.The Graduate School of Business awards scholarships academic excellence, leadership qualities and financial need. [A]in aspects of [B]without considerations of [C]on the basis of [D]at the cost of 28.I know she cares about what I’m telling her from the look on her face. [A]concerning [B]concerns [C]concerned [D]concern 29.Jeans are considered not just practical but very fashionable . [A]instead [B]as well [C]concerned [D]anyway 30.A strange tax was in England for a time during the reign of -Henry VIII. [A]required [B]exerted [C]imposed [D]practiced II.Close (一) What is a CAT? CAT 1 for Computerized Axial Tomography (层面X线照相术).It is a special X-ray 2 that 3 a 360-degree picture of a small area of a patient’s baby. Doctors use X rays to study and diagnose diseases and 4 within the body. X rays can 5 foreign objects inside the body or take pictures of some internal organs-if special substances as dyes or special liquids are added 6 The organs to be X-rayed. A CAT scanner, 7 uses a beam of X rays to give a cross-sectional view of a specific part of the body. A fine beam of X rays is scanned across the body and radiated around the patient from many different 8 .A computer analyzes the information from each angle and 9 a clear cross-sectional image on a screen. This image is then photographed for 10 use. Several cross-sections, taken one after another, can give clear “photos” of the 11 body or of any body organs. The newest CAT scanners can even give clear images of active, 12 organs, just as a fast-action camera can “ 13 the action”, giving clear images of what appears only 14 to the eye. And because of the 360-degree pictures, CAT scans show 3- 15 views of organs is a manner that was once only 16 during surgery. Too much exposure to X rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other 17 to the body. 18 CAT scans actually don’t expose the patient to more radiation than conventional X rays do. CAT scans can also be done without 19 dyes into the patient, 20 they are less risky than regular X-ray procedures. 1.[A]means [B]stands [C]asks [D]presents 2.[A]machine [B]installment [C]mechanism [D]equipment 3.[A]obtains [B]has [C]gain [D]receives 4.[A]destruction [B]injuries [C]harms [D]wounds 5.[A]stand [B]fix [C]place [D]locate 6.[A]for [B]up [C]of [D]to 7.[A]so [B]moreover [C]however [D]then 8.[A]perspective [B]angles [C]places [D]corners 9.[A]originates [B]supplies [C]produces [D]manufactures 10.[A]sooner [B]late [C]latest [D]later 11.[A]total [B]complete [C]entire [D]sum 12.[A]acted [B]moved [C]acting [D]moving 13.[A]stop [B]cut [C]cease [D]put 14.[A]mistily [B]snowy [C]dark [D]shiny 15.[A]sectional [B]respective [C]dimensional [D]spatial 16. [A]recovered [B]revealed [C]concealed [D]discovered 17.[A]cuts [B]damage [C]destruction [D]hurt 18.[A]Yet [B]Then [C]So [D]Also 19.[A]projecting [B]rejecting [C]injecting [D]objecting 20.[A]but [B]also [C]then [D]so （二） Educators always find it difficult to decide how science should be taught at schools. If it were only necessary to decide whether to teach _l_ science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the_2_ few and take them as far as they can go, the task would-be fairly simple. The public school system, _3__ , has no such choice, for the jobs must be_4_on at the same time.__5__ we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce__6__ in many fields. Because we live in a democratic nations, whose citizens make policies __7 the nation, large 8 _of us must be educated to understand, to support.and__9_ necessary, to _10_ the work of experts. The public school must educate both _11_ and users of scientific services. In education, there should be a good balance among the _12_ of knowledge that 13_ to effective thinking and wise judgement. Such balance is defeated by too much 14 on any one field. This __15 of balance 4involves not only the relation of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts also 16 emphasis among the natural sciences themselves. 17 , we must have a balance between current and classical knowledge. The attention of the public is continually drawn to new 18 in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, 19 materials that form the 20 of courses for beginners. 1.[A]beginning [B]primary [C]primitive [D]elementary 2.[A]granted [B]gifted [C]bestowed [D]presented 3.[A]however [B]furthermore [C]therefore [D]moreover 4.[A]carried [B]brought [C]taken [D]moved 5.[A]Because [B]If [C]For [D]When 6.[A]workers [B]specialists [C]professionals [D]teachers 7.[A]to [B]by [C]in [D]for 8.[A]digits [B]numbers [C]numerals [D]figures 9.[A]as [B]then [C]when [D]so 10.[A]blame [B]decide [C]criticize [D]judge 11.[A]creators [B]givers [C]producers [D]sellers 12.[A]branches [B]paths [C]trees [D]parts 13.[A]donate [B]attribute [C]devote [D]contribute 14.[A]strength [B]notice [C]emphasis [D]force 15.[A]question [B]doubt [C]suspicion [D]inquiry 16.[A]relevant [B]confined [C]associated [D]relative 17.[A]Familiarly [B]Relatively [C]Similarly [D]Consequently 18.[A]probability [B]likeliness [C]possibility [D]presumptions 19.[A]decided [B]established [C]determined [D]founded 20.[A]basement [B]basis [C]root [D]base III.Reading Comprehension (一) It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense ,transportation, and other services. A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a public good is national defense .One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing anther person’s benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense. The market system dose not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police force. Each neighbor except Mrs. Smith agrees to pay $100 a year for it .Mrs. Smith refuse to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $100. The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason ,we can’t ask each person to make a direct payment in the form of product price. Therefore ,we collect money for public goods by using taxes. According to the passage, public goods are ____. [A] products that we make for national defense [B] taxes paid by the people involved [C]services enjoyed by all people [D]what we can buy and sell in public The writer gives the examples of national defense in paragraph 2 in order to show that ____ [A]a public good is a shared benefit for the whole society [B]some public goods are more important than others [C]there will be no safety if there no national defense [D]all the people should be responsible for national defense The person who doesn’t pay for a public good ____. [A]fails to keep its benefit form being used [B]enjoy its benefit all the same [C]keep himself from using its benefit [D]can not enjoy its benefit at any time 4.From the passage we learn that the purpose of collecting taxes is____. [A]to get extra money to support public goods [B]to remind people of their duty [C]to ensure the continuous supply of public goods [D]to reduce the difference between the rich and the poor In the third paragraph the author explains_____. [A] why some people refuse to pay fou public goods [B]what we can do to make use of the market system [C]what role the market system is in producing public goods [D]how the market system is in producing public goods (二) Women are quite often competent drivers, but they are very seldom consistently first class. At best they are a mild hazard, at worst potentially lethal. A wise male diver will always give them plenty of road and still be on the look out for the unpredictable to happen. This deficiency is due to an inherent characteristic of women——their lust for talking. Women together in a car succumb to this need and when they talk they look into each other's faces, Simple words are insufficient. It is necessary for them to see the expression of their partners and so read the meaning the words leave unsaid. Thus two women in the front of a car repeatedly distract each other's attention from the road. And four women represent an incredible danger because the one nominally driving the car feels it necessary to see and hear not only what her companion is talking about but also what those in the back are discussing in case it is anything into which she can inject an added opinion, or in the hope of collecting fresh fuel to feed other fires on later occasions. Another factor is that women seldom use the driving mirror except for cosmetic purposes, after which its position gives the driver little indication of the state of the road behind. A final important factor that seems to lie at the back of feminine attitudes to driving is that comparatively few women have the feel for a machine that so many men have; the satisfaction of a slick change down means nothing to them. The coordination between the various maneuvers, an operation which gives many men boost of pride, is only a momentary lapse in their concentration on the topic in hand. 6.The author says that women drivers are . [A]not often uniformly good [B]sometimes very good [C]as good as man drivers [D]better than man drivers 7.When women talk they . [A]glare at each other [B]gaze into each other’s thought [C]try to read each other’s thought [D]mean more than they say to their partners 8.What does the author say about two women in the front of a car? [A]They distract other drivers. [B]They always ask what the others are saying. [C]They both want to drive the car. [D]Their attention is on each other. 9.What does “fresh fuel” in the last sentence of the first paragraph probably mean? [A]Petrol for the car [B]An item of gossip to remember [C]An opinion of the driver [D]Something collected on the journey 10.What is women’s attitudes to driving? [A]Women do not like driving [B]Most women do not like to feel machine as car [C]Driving itself gives them little satisfaction compared to talking [D]A smart car means nothing to them (三) The principal technique in current use for teaching reading at the intermediate stage in that of supplementary, graded reader. The sources of difficulty exist: first, it is extremely difficult, in practice, for the teacher to meet the needs of each individual learner at the various different times that individuals actually become intermediate learners. Classwork presupposes that all learners progress from one stage to another at the same moment. which is not true. To try and get over this problem mere is currently a wave of interest in individualization, that is, in providing within a common framework me opportunity for each individual learner to learn at least partly at his own rate. The second difficulty is that the grading of reading materials has often proved inadequate, in two senses: (a) by being self-defeating, so that “simplified” texts have frequently been “simplified” out of all sensible meaning; and (b) by the fact that many learners find vocabulary graded materials unappetizing: not that they can't learn from them, but that they won't. What is now being realized is that the grading of reading materials, and above all, the choice of texts, must reflect not only characteristics of the language (vocabulary, grammar, etc.) but also characteristics of the learner. What he is willing to read and what he is interested to read are products of his sex, age-group, level of education, degree of intellectuality, personal interests, etc. Reading materials are being designed to fit both the learner's level of proficiency in English and his reading interests. In so doing, they are providing the learner with the means of developing further command of the linguistic meanings of writing, enabling him to grasp informational and logical meanings, and perhaps starting him on the understanding of rhetorical and implicational meanings. 11.According to the passage, which of the following statement is Not true? [A]Learners do not progress from one stage to another at the same time. [B]The grading of reading material has often proved perfect. [C]The choice of reading materials must not fail to reflect characteristics of the language and characteristics of the learner. [D]Individualization in teaching intermediate reader is very important. 12.The passage is focused on . [A]problem solving [B]theoretical explanation [C]the grading of reading materials [D]motivating the intermediate reader 13.The first paragraph mainly deals with . [A]the problem caused by intensive and extensive reading [B]the problem caused by supplementary reading materials [C]the problem caused by individual learners [D]the problem caused by the quantity of reading materials 14.The second paragraph proposes that supplementary graded reading materials should . [A]be interesting enough to attract learners [B]be simplified so as to fit the learners’ level of proficiency [C]take into consideration not only the learners’ proficiency in English hut also their reading interests [D]not be simplified and graded 15.We can conclude from the passage that in teaching the intermediate reader much attention should be paid to . [A]individual learners [B]extensive reading [C]supplementary, graded readers [D]learners’ individuality and design of reading materials (四) When TV news programs report wars or disasters, the editors rarely use the most horrifying pictures of dead or wounded victims because they don’t want to upset their viewers. Even so, viewers are usually warned in advance that they "may find some of these scenes disturbing" so they can look away if they choose. But the men and women whose job is to record those scenes——the TV cameramen——have no such choice. It is their duty to witness the horrors of the war and record them, no matter how gruesome (可怕的) and unpleasant they may be. Consequently, it is one of the most dangerous, exposed and emotionally taxing jobs the world has to offer. Today, the demand for their, work is rising. The explosion of satellite broadcasting and 24 hour news in recent years has created an almost insatiable(贪得无厌) demand for TV information. But major broadcasters and the TV news agencies——such as Reuters and WTN——have never had enough staff to meet the worldwide demand for up to date pictures, so increasingly they turn to "freelance" TV cameramen. These freelance cameramen are independent operators tied to no particular organization. They will work for any company which hires them, be it for just a few hours or for several weeks in a war zone. But if the freelance cameraman is injured in the course of the job, the TV Company is not responsible for him. The freelancer must survive on his own. "TV will always need hard, vivid moving pictures which are fresh, but these companies feel uncomfortable with large numbers of employees on their books," explains Nik Growing, once foreign editor for Britain's Channel 4 News and now a BBC news presenter. "By hiring freelancers, they can buy in the skills they need only when they need them. It also enables them to contract out the risk," he says. 16.In the last sentence of the first paragraph, “taxing” most probably means . [A]depressing [B]satisfying [C]demanding [D]encouraging 17.TV news agencies turn to freelance cameramen in order to . [A]save expenses and avoid risks [B]buy pictures which are the most stimulating to the senses [C]look for pictures that are of fine qualities [D]get first hand in formation and pictures 18.The freelance cameramen . [A]have better skills than other cameramen [B]are tied to many TV news agencies [C]have to take tremendous risks in the course of work [D]need to contract out risks of work for TV companies 19.It is implied in the passage that . [A]TV cameramen have to witness disasters and killing whether they like them or not [B]TV cameramen are a special group of people who enjoy horrifying pictures [C]TV cameramen should be given better choice of work [D]The supply of TV cameramen in broadcasting institutes is inadequate for the demand, which resulted in the hiring of freelance TV cameramen 20.The main idea of the first paragraph is . [A]TV programs are reducing the use of horrible pictures of death and wound [B]It is a requirement by work for TV cameramen to disregard people’s feelings [C]It is the duty of TV cameramen to record horrifying scenes [D]TV cameramen’s job is extremely dangerous and emotionally taxing IV.Answer questions briefly. The rules for writing an abstract are almost the same to those for writing the summary of an investigation report.In an abstract you make an outline of the problem and the of the investigation,mention very briefly how you conducted the investigation tests,describe your main findings,and make the conclusion.All this must be done in as few words as possible;ideally,your abstract will be about 125 words long and never more than 250 words. From the abstract,readers must be able to decide whether the information you provide in the scientific paper or report is particuiarly interesting to them and whether they should read further.Because a scientific paper is written for readers who generally are familiar with your technical or scientific discipline,you may use technical terminology in the abstract.The abstract should be written last,when the whole paper has been written,so that you can make an abstract of the brief details you need from what you have already written 1.how will you written an abstract? 2.What should be described in the abstract? 3.what are the readers likely to do if they find the abstract interesting? 4.Why can you use technical terminology in the abstract? 5.When should you write the abstract? 精品课程之课后自测答案 I、Vocabulary and Structure 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C 6D 7.A 8.D 9.A 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.D 21.D 22.D 23.D 24.A 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.C 29.B 30.C II、Close (一)1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D (二)1.D 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.D 514.C 15.A 16.D 17.C 18.C 19.B 20.B III、Reading Comprehension (一)1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D (二)6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.C (三)11.B 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.D (四)16.C 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.D 译文: 1.为帮助美国人发展其他重要的技能,学校每天增加了很多课外活动. 2.另一个因素是女人除了化妆外很少用汽车的反光镜,而且车上的镜子用于化妆以后,它的方向就不再指示后面的路况了. 3.阅读材料的设计不但要符合学习者的英语水平,而且要满足他们的阅读兴趣. 4.但是像路透社和世界电视网这样的大型的电视新闻社和电视台,其已有的摄像师的数量不足以满足全球对最新画面的收看需求,因此他们越来越多地求助于“自由”电视摄像师. 5.电视总是需要确实的生动的新鲜的动态画面,但是这些公司对于名册上庞大的雇员数目又感到不安. IV、Answer questions briefly 1．You should write it in as few words as you can. 2．Our main findings. 3．The readers likely to read the paper 4．Because your readers are usually familiar with your scientific discipline.. 5．After you have finished the whole paper.