1997年在职研究生作文 Part? Щ? Writing? (30? minutes,15? points) Directions:? In? this? part,? you? are? allowed? 30minutes? to? write? a? composition? of? no? less? than? 100? words? on? The? problems? I? have? in? my? English? study.? Your? composition? should? be? based? on? the? following? outline? given? in? Chinese. Outline:? ①遇到哪些困难 ②产生原因 ③如何克服 The? problems? I? have? in? my? English? study? During? my? study? of? English? ,? I? meet? with? some? problems.(主旨句)These? problems? are? as? follows.? (过渡句) First? of? all,? when? I? read? or? listen? English,? I? always? encounter? words? and? expressions.(解释句一)? So? vocabulary? is? a? troublesome? problem.(要点一)? Secondly,? with? a? fairly? large? vocabulary.? I? am? still? not? able? to? write? a? vivid? and? fluent? composition.(要点二)? Thirdly,? and? also? the? most? annoying? thing? is? after? so? many? years? studying,? I? could? not? communicate? with? people? in? English.(要点三) There? are? many? reasons? for? these? problems.(段落主题句)? For? one? thing? ,? I? have? no? study? plan? to? enlarge? vocabulary? and? rearrange? what? have? learned? before.(要点一)? For? another,? in? the? process,? I? have? not? summarized? a? complete? set? of? methods? which? will? instruct? me? in? the? future? study.(要点二)? Beyond? these? obvious? reasons,? however? lies? a? deeper? cause,? when? I? study? English? ,? I? have? not? created? an? environment? to? practise? and? use? it.(要点三) For? the? reasons? given? above,? I? feel? that? in? order? to? overcome? them,? above? all,? I? should? make? a? study? schedule,? for? example,? when? I? would? finish? Concept? English,? when? I? would? go? over? the? former? contents? etc.(解释一，对应上段要点一)? The? schedule? keep? an? English? diary? more? efficient? and? goal-specified.(作用一)? At? the? same? time,? I? should? keep? an? English? diary? and? try? best? to? find? opportunities? to? practise? English.(解释二)? The? purpose? of? diary? is? not? only? to? practise? thinking? and? writing? in? English? ,but? also? provide? us? an? opportunity? to? summarize? study? methods? when? you? are? free? .(作用二对应要点二和要点三)? only? in? this? way? could? I? cultivate? the? habit? of? thinking? in? English? and? using? English.(小结句) 写作解析：第一段：首句直接点题，提出在英语学习过程中遇到一些问题，然后简练过渡，引起下文。本段的写作也可以同第二段结合在一起，如采取这样的句型结构“? I? have? been? studying? English? for? many? years,? and? yet? there? are? three? which? have? always? been? holding? back? my? progress.? One? is? that? ………? another? is? that? ……? the? third? is? that? ………”这种写法的好处是充分利用英语的现在完成进行时的语法功能，加强语气，然后列举问题，条理清晰，是考生应该思考借鉴的方法。 第二段：呼应提纲第一项要求，仍然以陈述句列举出产生困难的原因。在叙述原因时，有很多成熟和固定的句型、结构可以选择使用。 第三段：本段针对上面产生的原因逐一困难产生的原因，其内容层次有浅入深，由表面原因“学习无计划性”到“不掌握学习方法”直至“忽略了语言学习的规律：具有一个语言学习环境”。写作中，作者也是采用固定句型，整体读来，层次分明、有条不紊。 第四段：以“For? the? reasons? given? above,? I? feel? that? in? order? to? overcome? them。。。。”? 轻松过渡到阐述解决方法上来。本段写作要注意对应上文，即上面提出的原因，下面就需要给出办法。 此类文章难度不大，考生只要根据提纲，将问题、原因、解决方法陈述清楚即可。因为属于说明文范畴，大量的因定句型，词组，衔接结构可以选择使用： 解释原因、分析影响的常用句型和例句说明： 1)? There? are? many(different/several/various)? reasons? for? this? matter(change/decrease/growth).? For? one? thing? ……..For? another? ………In? addition………..Furthermore…………… 例句：There? are? several? reasons? for? his? decision? of? studying? of? studying? law? .? For? one? thing,? he? is? very? interested? in? social? affairs? and? it? seems? the? best? way? to? enable? him? to? engage? in? these? activities.? For? another,? his? father? is? a? lawyer,? who? has? always? encouraged? him? to? do? something? similar.? In? addition? ,? he? is? sure? that? he? can? get? a? job? after? graduation. 2)A? number? of? factors? contribute? to? (lead? to? /result? in? /? account? for? )……..and? what’s? more? ……… 例句：A? number? of? factors? contribute? to? changing? moral? values-self-indulgence? ,? the? lack? of? social? consciousness? and? the? degeneration? of? the? society? itself. 3)? We? may? consider? (regard/think? of? /take)the? change? (phenomenon/? decrease/? development/the? suddenly? rise)as? a? sign? (symbol/evidence/landmark)of? ………but? the? truth? is? that? ……. 例句：We? may? take? the? change? as? a? symbol? of? social? development? ,? but? the? truth? is? that? it? will? only? lead? to? social? corruption. 4)? The? explanation? for? the? matter(decrease/rise? /change/? phenomenon)? of? …….involves? many? (different/complicated/puzzling)factors(reasons/aspects) 例句：The? explanation? for? the? phenomenon? of? the? rising? teenage? suicide? rate? involves? many? complicated? factors.? Some? attribute? the? rise? to? an? overemphasis? on? early? success,? others? point? to? mounting? peer? pressure,? and? still? others? to? confusion? over? changing? social? values. 5)? The? reasons? for? ……….are? many,? but? for? the? most? part? center? on? (concentrate? on? /focus? on)…….. 例句：The? reasons? for? the? phenomenon? of? the? rising? teenage? suicide? rate? involves? many? complicated? factors.? Some? attribute? the? rise? to? an? overemphasis? on? early? success,? others? point? to? mounting? peer? pressure,? and? still? others? to? confusion? over? changing? social? values. 6)There? are? several? causes? for? this? significant? growth in? ………,? first……….second…………finally………… 7)We? have? reason? to? believe? that? …………. 8)This? can? be? expressed? as? follows: 9)Perhaps? the? primary? reason? for? is? ……….. 10)It? is? chiefly? responsible? for 1998年在职研究生英语考题： partIII? Writing(30? minutes,? 15points) Directions:? In? this? part,? you? are? allowed? 30? minutes? to? write? a? composition? f? no? less?than? 100? words? under? the? title? of? “Why? We? Work”.? Your? composition? should? be? based? on? the? following? outline? given? in? English? . Outline: 1)Some? people? live? to? work 2)Other? people? work? to? live 3)Your? opinion Why? we? work Throughout? history,? work? and? life? always? appear? as? contradictory? things(主旨句，指出work? 和life? 存在冲突，且冲突由来已久，伏笔文中会针对两种想法展开叙述)people? holding? different? attitudes? sacrifice? themselves? to? one? or? the? other.(过渡句) Some? people? live? to? work.(本段主题句，照应提纲第一条)In? their? opinions? ,? work? is? an? essential? element? in? life.? No? matter? how? hard? it? is? ,? they? devote?all? energy? and? time? into? it? .? During? their? working? life,? they? discover? pleasure,? realize? dream? and? enjoy? hardness? and? success.? Even(加强语气)they? meet? difficulties? ,? they? consider? them? as? meaning? and? flavor? in? life. While,(转折)? there? are? also? some? people? who? work? to? live.? They? are? forced? by? their? circumstances? or? by? their? view? to? work? for? living.? They? regard? work? as? a? kind? of? means? to? support? family? and? themselves.? Therefore,(段落小结句)these? people? cannot? balance? their? working? time? and? salary;? these? people? can’t? explore? their? capacity? and? enthusiasm;? even? these? people? can’t? explain? why? they? work? when? they? get? rich(排比句式加强语气) From? my? point? of? view,? I? prefer? to? work? to? live.(点明自忆的观点)Being? an? optimistic? person,? I? hope? that? life? is? good? enough? for? everyone? to? find? happiness? in? work.Once? you? approaches??work? for? enjoyment,? you? create? the? possibility? of? finding? hope? in? life? .? Serving? the? others? and? the? society? will? definitely? make? you? successful? both? in? life? and? in? spirit. 写作解析： 第一段：作者通过自古以来就存在的生活与工作的冲突，点明不同观点的群体将两者对立处理的情况。这种写法的好处是让读者感受到所讨论问题有价值，并不自觉的考虑到自己是怎样处理上述问题的。 第二段和第三段：针对提纲一、二开始叙述不同观点的人处理问题的方法。这两种观点的着眼点都集中在“怎样看待工作”上，即持“live? to? work”观点的人，将工作看成生活的方式，采取“be? forced? by”的态度，截然相反的观点对比强烈。第二段中，作者用“During……Even”句型举例：第三段中，作者用“Therefore? ……these? people? can’t? ……these? people? can’t……? even? these? people? can’t”排比举例，都凌漓尽致的将两类观点的特点突出出来。 第四段：作者通过“Being? an? optimistic? person”、“happiness”、? “hope”、“definitely”和“successful”等充满激情、活力的词，明确了为社会、人民付出才能使个人的生活和工作更加和谐、统一的观点。整段写作句型多变，用词恰当，说服力大增。 1999年在职研究生英语试题? Part? Ⅲ? Writing? (30? minutes,15? points) Directions:? For? this? part,? you? are? allowed? 30? minutes? to? write? a? composition? of? no? less? than? 120? words? on? The? qualities? of? the? Cross-century? Talents.? You? should? write? according? to? the? three-point? outline? given? below.? Please? write? it? clearly? on? the? ANSWER? SHEET.(2) Outline: 跨世纪人才应具备哪些素质 为什么需要具备这些素质 怎样才能成为跨世纪人才 Qualities? of? the? Cross-Century? Talents? With? the? rapid? development? of? economics? and? society,? and? increasing? number? of? people? come? to? realize? that? the? most??important? factor? in? competition? is? the? cross-century? talents’? qualities.(主旨句，突出问题的重要性) Since? (承接上文)? the? cross-century? talents? play? such? a? crucial? role? in? next? century,? what? are? the? qualities?? (引起读者兴趣，同时对应提纲第一条内容)? From? my? point? of? view,? they? should? be? good? health,? noble? character? and? wide? knowledge.? (本段主题句，简要说明“是什么”的问题) Health? is? the? foundation? of? struggling? and? success.? As? the? famous? proverb? goes,? “Good? health? is? above? wealth? ”.(要点一)? Second，cultivating? and? owning? good? and? noble? characters? is? of? great? importance? .? Only? those? with? noble? character,? strong? perseverance,?a? sense? of? responsibility? and? regular? working? and? living? habits? can? surely? dedicate? themselves? to? the? people.? （要点二）Third,? the? cross-century? talents? should? also? have? profound,? most? updated? knowledge? and? a? open? mind.? (要点三) To? gain? the? above? qualities(点明第四段主题，即解决问题)，? one? should? always? bear? in? mind? that? the? cross-century? talents? are? the? pillars? of? our? nation.? They? should? value? their? health;? they? should? maintain? a? broad? vision? to? their? duties;?they? should? keep? a? fresh? mind? to? absorb? knowledge.? (排比句式加强语气) 写作解析： 第一段：本段作为整篇的主旨突出了跨世纪人才的重要性，其作用是为提纲的三点内容定了个基调。在类似题目的写作中，考生可以充分利用这种方法，即找出问题的关键、重要性、严肃性、影响性、观点差异性等贾亦叙述或评论，篇幅限于一、两句，起到引领全文、画龙点睛之用。 第二段和第三段：解决了提纲第二条的要求，本段是测试考生写作段落的功底，因此写作时要注意变换句式（疑问句、陈述句和倒装句配合），适当举例（As? the? famous? proverb? goes……）,结构分明（As? the? famous? proverb? goes……? Second? …….? Third……）. 第四段：本段采用排比句式强调了怎样才能成为跨世纪人才的问题，四个“should”和三个动词“value,? maintain,? keep”回应上篇内容，用语经济，结构严谨，值得考生琢磨和模仿。 2000年在职英语试题： Part? Ⅲ? Writing? (30? minutes,? 15? points? ) Directions:? In? this? part,? you? are? allowed? 30? minutes? to? write? a? composition? of? no? less? than? 100? words? on? which? is??more? important,? wealth? or? health?? You? should? write? according? to? the? three-point? outline? given? below.? Please? write? it? clearly? on? the? ANSWER? SHEET.(2) Which? is? more? important,? wealth? of? health? ?? When? faced? with? the? question? of? “wealth? ”? and? “health”,? (主旨句，引述问题)? quite? a? few? people? claim? that? “wealth? is? more? important”,? but? other? people? consider? it? differently.? (点明不同观点)? I? prefer? the? second? view.? (表明自己的想法) Surely,? (暗含可能有所转折的意思)? wealth? has? always? been? the? thing? people? long? for.(段落主题句)? It? is? true? that? wealth? brings? happiness? and? freedom,? especially? in? the? modern? society.(解释句)? Different? kinds? of? products? 、recreations? and? services? present? people? a? wonderful? world.? Owning? them? make? our? life? more? colorful? and? comfortable.(举例证明)? No? doubt,? wealth? becomes? the? most? important? thing? in? some? people’s? life.? (段落小结句) But? I? believe? that? these? people? ignore? a? deeper? and? more? basic? fact? that? without? health? where? is? wealth.(转折，将问题关键引导到本段叙述的重点上)? When? wealth? is? spent,? you? can? earn? it? back,? however,? when? health? is? gone,? it? will? never? come.? (进一步解释上句内容)? Health? is? more? precious? and? valuable? than? wealth.? (段落主题句)? Firstly,? with? a? good? health,? you? can? fully? enjoy? life? with? your? family.? You? won’t? worry? about? diseases? and? extra?burden? on? more? efficient? and? fruitful.? Lastly,? with? a? good? health,? you? will? easily? have? a? large? circle? of? friends,? because?people? always? trust? healthy? men.? All? in? all,? health? brings? you? happiness,? opportunities? and? satisfaction.? (排比句式和固定结构的使用加强文章的说服力)? Therefore,? I? strongly? recommend? that? people? should? value? their? health? and? take? actions? to? keep? fit. 写作解析： 第一段：本段采用简练的句型结构引出问题，点明不同观点，并表明自己的态度。这种写法即经济又明白，有很多成熟句型可以套用。 第二段：在本段写作中，首先提出人们渴望财富，因为财富可以带来快乐和自由，然后进一步解释这种财富和自由是建立在物质基础上的，最后小节财富成为这些人心目中最为重要的东西。写作时可以突出财富带给人们的便利，也可以描述很多人为财富而不惜牺牲健康等等。 第三段：笔锋一转，着力说明健康重于财富之处。 第四段：小结全文给出建议，再次突出保持身体健康的重要性。 2001年在职英语式题： Part? Ⅲ? Writing? (30? minutes,15? points) Directions:? For? this? part,? you? are? to? write? a? composition? of? 120-150? words? on? the? following? topic. The? Greatest? Invention? in? the? Past? Century? In? your? composition,? you? should? clearly? state? your? opinion? and? give? reasons? to? support? your? argument.? Write? your? composition? on? the? ANSWEET? SHEET. The? Greatest? Invention? in? the? Past? Century Of? all? the? inventions? and? discoveries? in? the? last? century,? nothing? can? be? more? influencing? than? the? invention? of? Internet.(主旨句，突出“greatest”的量的优势)People? who? emphasize? either? the? advantages? or? disadvantages? have? to? acknowledge? that? Internet? become? the? essential? part? of? our? daily? work? and? lives.(扩展说明，突出“greatest”的质的优势) Internet? is? the? best? information? center.(主题句)? It? is? widely? agreed? that,? by? using? Internet,? we? can? get? access? to? information? more? easily? and? quickly.? For? example,? we? can? read? the? latest? news? on? Internet? instead? of? buying? a? large? piece? of? newspaper,? we? can? get? the? information? about? the? university? we? intend? to? know? instead? going? there? in? person;? we? can? also? deal? with? our? stock? shares? on? the? Internet? instead? of? sitting? there? all? day? long.(举例说明)In? short,? the? convenience? provided? by? the? Internet? helps? us? all.(小节) Internet? also? serves? as? a? new? way? of? communication.? (主题句)? It? is? much? cheaper? than? a? telephone? call,? especially? a? long? distance? call;? it? is? much? quicker? than? a? letter,? it? is? also? much? easier? than? a? visit.(排比句式突出说明优越性)? It? is? one? of? the? most? convenient? and? most? widely? used? means? of? communication.? (小节句) Of? course,? it? also? has? some? detrimental? influence.(主题句)? For? instance,? some? unhealthful? information? is? spread? and? is? sent? to? especially? the? teenagers.(举例说明)? However,? nothing? could? be? perfect.? (转折回转强调)? It? is? firmly? and? widely? believed? that? Internet? will? do? us? more? good? than? harm? to? us? as? long? as? we? use? it? carefully.(总结句) 写作解析： 第一段：本段开篇点题，说明网络在众多发明中起到最有影响力的作用，然后指出尽管人们对网络优缺点有诸多评论但不容争辩的事实是网络已经成为我们工作和生活不可缺少的部分。这种写法直指主旨“greatest”,作者用词考究，从“of? all”、“nothing? can? be? more? influencing? than”、“the? essential”无处不体现出网络重要性。 第二段：本段着重说明“网络是信息中心”这个段落主题。从简便易得、经济实用的角度突出网络信息中心的作用。三个排比使得叙述层次分明、内容详尽。考生可以充分体会简单内容如何用排比组合以达到最好的效果。 第三段：通过三个比较，说明网络作为交流方式的优点。同传统的信件交流、电话交流比较，网络更为便宜、快速和容易。 第四段：作者用一句话举例说明了网络存在的缺点，但世界上没有十全十美的事物，笔锋一转，告知读者支要运用得当，就会是网络发挥更大、更好的作用。 整篇文章一气呵成，用笔经济，没有一词一句的繁冗，是我们大家认真研读体会的范文。 2002年在职英语试题 PartⅢ? Writing? (30? minutes,15? points) Directions:? In? this? part,? you? are? allowed? 30? minutes? to? write? a? composition? of? no? less? than? 150? words? on? the? increase? in? the? Number? of? Chinese? Traveling? Abroad.? Study? the? following? chart? carefully? and? base? your? composition? on? the? information? given? in? the? chart.The? increase? in? the? Number? of? Chinese? Traveling? Abroad As? can? be? clearly? observed? from? the? chart? above,? (引用图表，有据可依)the? trend? of? Chinese? traveling? abroad? is? going? up? these? years.? (主旨句，总体叙述变化情况)In? the? past? three? years? ,? the? number? of? Chinese? traveling? abroad? was? on? a? steady? rise. According? to? the? chart? ,? (引用图表)the? number? increased? from? 7.5? million? in? 1999? and? to? 12.1? million? in? 2001.? I? think? there? are? at? least? three? reasons? to? account? for? the? above? mentioned? changes.(主题句，分析变化原因)First? and? foremost? ,? the? changes? are? primarily? concerned? with? the? income? of? Chinese? .? They? are? better? off? and? can? afford? to? travel? abroad.? What’s? more,? they? have? a? lot? to? do? with? the? development? of? the? travel? industry? in? China.? More? and? more? travel? agencies? are? attracting? more? people? to? join? in? their? tours? aboard.? Last? but? not? the? least,? the? changes? are? closely? related? to? our? policy? of? opening? up? to? the? outside? world.(列举原因) From? what? has? been? discussed? so? far,? it? is? obvious? that? the? increase? in? the? number? of? Chinese? traveling? abroad? is? of? great? concern? of? our? life.? (主题句)It? reflects? the? improvement? of? our? living? standards? and? development? of? our? economy. 写作解析： 第一段：引用图表，说明题意。 第二段：分析图表，列举原因。 第三段：点明图表反映出的深层的问题。 图表作文相对来说比较容易，只要把握图表要义，着重分析变化、极值、趋势等，采用固定句型，阐述明白，即可获得比较理想的成绩。强调： 注意引用图表信息，强调图表作文的考察目的。表达时采用? “From………”? “According? to? ……..” 注意量化图表信息：即只要可以通过数字表达的，尽量客观的进行描述。 注意详细说明极植、变化、差异、大幅度度增减处的图表信息，给出充分的理由。 写作图表作文常用的模式： As? is? shown? in? the? ……,? we? can? see? clearly? that? ….. The? ……of? ……..added? up? to? (declined)? ………….? In? 1999,? while? ………….in 2000.? From? the? …………….,? we? can? also? see? that? ………..It? is? clear? that? ……….(or? therefore,? it? can? be? predicated? that? ……………is? to? …………) There? are? at? least? ………….reasons? for? .? Firstly? ………..Secondly? ………..Apart? from? the? above? reasons,? ……………. In? spite? of? what? is? mentioned? above,? there? are? ……………shows? ……….Hence? the? situation? is? …….and? ………..is? still? a? challenging? task. 2)? As? is? clearly? shown? by? the? …………obviously? …. There? are? ……………..reasons? for? this? ………….One? is? …………..Another? lies? in? the? fact? ………What’s? more? ……….Therefore…………. To? ……………..,? I? suggest? that? ………….