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ME  m 4.5 L ? T0 ?FD?FME ¥ ?¤ =a ?Ms?è?¥yTe ? 1?0èH? 1 eL nL ! ?M ?FoμB?LsY 3b?0 =??¥ 6??¢-?b C| ?M ?F¥  XaYaZ M ? n AaBaC ¤ ?M? @è÷b O ?M ?FsY? S AaBaCM ?Fb ?m 4.6 ? Ub  a 3b f ?  b ?¤¤Lm m 4.6 ?0 ?M ?F L??0 ?F?è @¥?Z_??1V n @_   O A M ?F¥è @ A i T1? I ?? ' A i ¥Mê1 ,5 ?M ?F AaBaC¥è @ M?1 AiBiC¥ § H′1 tIi ωsin mA = ) 3 2 sin( mB π ω ?= tIi ) 3 4 sin( mC π ω ?= tIi m 4.7 ? U ^?tè @ ? HWM?¥ wLb m 4.7 ?Mè @¥o?m / ?s?] HW¥??H?b 1). 0=t H 0 A =i  B i 1μè @ L=Z_D?Z_MQ'è @V Y @? B  C i 1?è @ L=Z_D?Z_Bá'è @V C @? Z b ?· m ?èE5 ?? ?Mè @á 3¥??H? ?m 4.8 aph ? Ub m 4.8 èH? 2). 6 T t = H A i 1?è @V A @? X  B i 1μè @V Y @? B  0 C =i b N H¥??H? ?m 4.8 b ? U??H?XV 0=t §W ?ê? ¨ H?Z_è  3/π b 3). 3 T t = H A i 1?è @V A @? X  0 B =i  C i 1μè @V Z @? A b N H¥??H? ?m 4.8(c) ? U??H?XV 0=t §W ?ê? ¨ H?Z_è  3/2π b 4). 2 T t =  0 A =i  B i 1?è @V B @? Y  C i 1μè @V Z @? A b N H¥??H? ?m 4.8(d) ? Ub??H?V 0=t §W ?ê? ¨ H?Z_è  π b ?[ s V[£ ü? ?Mè @ ? HW?M? H??H?9?è#?è H?b 2èH?¥èZ_ Vm 4.6 ?m 4.7 Vn A M ?F =¥è @? - B M ?F =¥è @ 3/2π 7 B M ?F =¥è @?? - CM ?F =¥è @ 3/2π ] Hm 4.8? ? UèH?¥èZ_1V A1B 1C'_ ¨ H?Z_èb ?T|?0 ?F¤àè÷¥ ???L?¥ ?i ?L? è ? | BC ?L? P BMD CM ?F?è @¥Mê? ?m 4.9 ? UN H AM ?F =¥è @? - CM ? F =¥è @ 3/2π 7 C M ?F =¥è @?? - B M ?F =¥è @ 3/2π ¨  ?]"¥s ZE V?N HèH?¥èZ_|M1 A1C1B'_ I H?Z_è ?m 4.10 ? U'D?? -¥èZ_MQb m 4.9 | B,C ?L??M ?F?¥è @M? m 4.10 I H?è¥ èH? ?N Vn1?MèH?¥èZ_o1ü?0 ?F¤?è÷¥ ???L?¥ ?i ??' Vb 3 èH?¥ ?Dè ? ? @è??èH?M?0¥è ?$?1]? ?¨ 0 n V Ub [ ) ?¥èH? μBH H ?¨ pV U' 1=p bV  ?s V[ A è @M?üVB?? ù  M? 0 360 è? èH? bW9è B    0 360 ??  ?è @¥ ? q1 f èH? ?sò|è f60 ' fn 60 0 = ?Tü?0M?¥¢ ?9F 1 12?¢ ?? ?m 4.11 ? U¥ ?M ?F ? ? M ?F? ??s1 óF?|? ?M ?F¤?? ?Mè÷ PYV? ?Mè @ m 4.7Lá 3 μ H¥èH?bVm 4.12 V[ A???] H YèH? bW??]ê?N f ?/è @M???? ùèH? bWoV  2/π ' 1/4 è @M?B?? ùèH? bWo  1/2b (a) 3b f ? (b)¤Lm m 4.11 á 3 1èH?¥30 ?F m 4.12 1èH? ?N V??èH? μ H 2=p  H è ??1BH H¥B? ' ?sò pf /60 bGQ ?w?μ pH H  ?1 p f n 60 0 = ?[èH?¥è ? 0 n Dè @¥ ? q??17DH) ??Q1y1Sy < ? q 'è @ ? q1 50HzyN?? 4321 aaa=p H]? ?sY1 3000r/mina 1500 r/mina1000 r/min? 750 r/minb 4yTe ? ?Ms?è?¥yTe ? ^??0èH??0è @¥MoT¨b ?m 4.13 ? U1s?è?¥yTe ? UimL !?0oμBH0oμB  ?Fbm?£ ??s1?0?0 ¥|??s1èH? ? ??s10?s 0 ¥ ?l? ?10 ?Fb m 4.13 ?Ms?è?yTe ?m èH?¥T¨/0?8 MéH ?L Z_DèH?¥èZ_MQ y 7?8 =á 3??è? ] eV7á 3??è @ ib? ? ?èH ?? p0è @Dè H?MoT¨á 3èH ? F Z_¨P m?5 %? ? ?0¥à ??èH  O T¨Z_DèH?¥èZ_M]0 sN ¥T¨?èH?¥èZ_ è  ?b0¥è ??1è?¥ ?¨ nV Ub 5 μ q S ?yTe ? V?0¥ ? è?¥ ? n?1èH?¥è ? ]? ? 0 n 1lby1 ?T ? ?M? H0?èH? àμM?0?8? MéH ? LyN? ?á 3èH 0|? ???èbyN0DèH?-W¥ ?μ ^ £0 ?¥?1y í9 ^s?è?¥? ?b ?l ?μ )( 0 nn ? D]? ? 0 n ¥1′?1s?è?¥μ q¨ SV U' 0 0 n nn S ? = μ q S ^ss?è??+?¥?1? ?b 4 2 ?Ms?è?¥-?? ? Ba ?Ms?è??0 ?F¥¤E 1 ?¤E ?0 ?F¥ n ?  Yè?¤vè?¥¤L?¥¤L? B??m 4.14 ? U ¥ZE ? b?váSèy<S???0 ?FL ¥ n 1 D 1 aD 2 aD 3   1 D 4 aD 5 aD 6 b m 4.14 L ¥ ?  ?Mè?¥?0 ?Fμ?? Y ?? ??? ?? ??]¥¤E ?m 4.15 ? Ub  a??¤E (b) ???¤E m 4.15 ?M? @è?¥ ?¤E 2LèaDMèa Lèa M ?F n -W¥èa¨ 1 U V U MèaBM ?F naá-W¥èa¨ M U V Ub ???¤E M UU 3 1 =  ? ???¤E M UU = 1 b 3Lè @DMè @ Lè @è?¥èè @¨ 1 I V U Mè @ ?M ?F¥è @¨ M I V Ub ???¤E M II = 1  ? ???¤E M II 3 1 = b 4 è?¥ { ?? q ?cos3 111 UIP = =a -?? ? è??/yì ? E?¥ f ?/yT H?1è?¥-??Yè¨-?′ ?V U ?Hq?t ? v?s?S üè?¥ ? ? b P¨è? HA? Aí ? ?b  1-?? q N P -?? f ?/è?à  {¥?? qb N1NN PP η= {? q¥B?Vr T1 12 PP η= ? η1r q 1 P1 { ?? q 2 P 1 {? q {? q? { ¥1"1 ?Φ cos55.9 2m 2 2 IK n P T == , 2 I 10è @b  2-?èa N U -?? f ?/?0 ?F ?F¥Lèa′b ?Sμ ?è a′ è ? 220/380V?V ü?0 ?F?¨ ?/Y ?¤ H?F¥Lèa′b' ???¤E H?0 ?F?¤ ~220V¥è÷èa ??¤E H?0 ?F?¤ ~380¥è÷èab  3-? ? q f -?? f ?/?0?Fèa¥ ? q 50=f Hzb  4-?è @ N I -? ? qa-?èa?à  {-?? q H?0¥Lè @′b ?Sμ ?è @′ è ? 10.35/5.9A5???0 ?F1 ?/Y ?¤¥Lè @′b  5-? ? N n -? ? qa-?èa?è?à  {-?? q Hè?¥ ?bDN ?M?¥μ q?1-?μ q N S b B??Sè? ? ? ¥+?-?′ ?/b  1-?? qy ? N cos? -? ? qa-?èa?è?à  {-?? q H? 0Mè @DMèa-WMêμ¥??b  2-?r q N η -? ? qa-?èa?è?à  {-?? q Hè? { ?? qD { ?è? q-1 Vr T1 %100 cos3 NNN N N ×= ? η IU P  3-?μ  N T è?-? ?/ {-?? q Hà ¥μ b  4L ? Ts?è?0á? H¥áìèa?0¥-?è @b Yè m¨ ó¥ ? ü ^è?¥-?′b ?a?0 ?F ?LZE¥ê¨ ?0 ?M ?F¥ ?¤Z T Y? ??¥ê4? ?Y ?MμB"? jè÷¥L èa7?b ?Tè÷¥Lèa??è?¥-?Mèa * 1è?¥ ?F??¤? ?? ? ?Tè÷¥Lèa ^è?-?Mèa¥ 3  * 1è?¥ ?Fü??¤???b Yèè?¥ ? ? Sμ?| Y/?? ?3 380/220 -?V U?0 ?F¥¤Ea?V U ???]¤E?F¥Lèa′b è 5.1 è÷Lèa1 380VCμ  ?è?  ? ? ? ?/ kê4?0 ?F¥ ? ¤Z Tb 1. J32-4? q 1.0kWèa 220/380V ?¤ZE ?/Yè @ 4.25/2.45A ? 1420 r/min ? qy ? 0.79b 2. J02-21-4? q 1.1 kWèa 380V ?¤ZE ?è @ 6.27A ? 1410 r/min? qy ? 0.79b 3 J32-4è??¤?? Y ?m 4.16(a) ? Ub J02-21-4è??¤? ??? ? ?m 4.16 (b) ? Ub (a)??¤E (b) ???¤E m 4.16 è??0 ?F¥ ?¤E 4 3 ?Ms?è?¥ +???+? Ba ?Ms?è?¥?0è ^ ?Ms?è?¥èH1"]Ma  ? ??0 ?FM??Ma ¥e ?F0 ?F  B? ^ ¤¥M??? ?Fb??0 ?F¤  ?Mè÷èa Mèa1 1 u  H5μ ?Mè @YV Mè @1 1 i ?0 ?Mè @á 3èH? H ?LYV?0?0M? 7>??H???0 ?M ?F?1??è? ] 2 e 7 O?0 ?M ?F?91? ?è? ] 1 e  L=  ?Ms?è??¥èH? ^??0è @?0è @ ]á 3¥  ?m 4.17 ? Ub m 4.17 ?0?0è ^¥??è ] !?0?0 ?M ?F¥ ?sY1 1 N ? 2 N m 4.18 ? Uè ^m ^ ?Ms?è? ¥BMè ^mb m 4.18 ?Ms?è?¥BMè ^m èH?¥H?? <?0D0W b #¥s? ^í????? ps?¥yN ? è HYV?0 ?M ?M¥HY9 ^ ? HW???? pM?¥' tωΦφ sin m =  ? m Φ ^YV ?M ?F¥HYKv′ ?′ ??èH?¥ ?HY Φ '1 b  #?H?? <¥ ü (′D ? ?¥eb ?0 ?M ?F?á 3¥??è? ]1 dt d Ne φ 11 ?= ?9 ^??  μr′1 ΦΦ 1111 44.444.4 fNNfE == T? 1 f 1 1 e ¥ ? qb y1èH???0W¥M ?1 0 n  ?[ 60 0 1 pn f = ????0è @¥ ? q' ff = 1 b ?0è @"á 3èHY ?HY??á 3 PHY 1L φ ? PHYo? ??0 ?F ¥BM7D  eM#0 ?F?M ?byN?0 ?M ?F??1á 3 PHè? ] dt di Le 1 L1L1 ?= ?Ma e ?F¥ f ?B"F?0 ?M ?F ¥èa9s? ??s ' )()()( 1 1 L11111L111 e dt di LRieeRiu ?++=?+?+= ?¨ˉ ?V U51 )()()( 111111L1111 EXjIRIEERIU ?++=?+?+= T? 1 R ? 1 X ( L111 2 LfX π= )1?0 ?M ?F¥èE? PH? Fb ?? 1 R ? 1 X   PHY 1L φ ?l  èa?Dè? ] 1 E 1?  ?è V- {? ^ ?? ?= EU1 11 EU ≈ =a ?Ms?è?¥0è ^ ? - ? ? ,s?è?- ?[ ?? ^y1?0¤ è÷a0 ?F?á 3?? è? ]V7á 30è @7?è @]èH?¥HYT¨á 3èH -#byN ) ?è?¥ - -A?5 k b#0è ^?¥ò?t ? ii0è? ] 2 e a0 è @ 2 i a0è @ ? q 2 f a0è ^¥? qy ? 2 cos? a0 ?F¥? F 2 X [# ? ì-W ¥Mo1"b èH?0 ?M ?F???¥è? ]1 dt d Ne φ 22 ?= μr′1 ΦΦ 2222 44.444.4 SfNNfE == T? 2 f 10è? ] 2 e 0è @ 2 i M?èH?¥ ? q y1èH??0W¥M ?1 ( )nn ? 0  ?[ 1 0 0 00 2 6060 )( Sf pn n nnnnp f = ? = ? = Vn0 ? q 2 f Dμ q S μ19ü ^D ? n μ1b  0=n ' 1=S  è? 7 S ? §W H0DèH?W¥M ?Kv 0?8$èH ?L Mé¤K y ?[? H 2 f Kú' 12 ff = bs?è?-?μ H %6~%5.1=S 5 )3~75.0( 2 =f Hz ( 50 1 =f Hz)b  0=n ' 1=S H0è? ]1 Φ 2120 44.4 NfE = ? H 12 ff = 0è? ]Kvb7 202 SEE = Vn0è? ] 2 E Dμ q S μ1b ??0è @B"0è @91á 3 PHY L2 φ V70 ?M ?F??1á 3 PH è? ]b dt di Le 2 L2L2 ?= yN?0 ?Mè ^μ dt di LRieRie 2 L222L2222 )( +=?+= ?¨ˉ ?V U51 2222L2222 )( XjIRIERIE +=?+= T? 2 R ? 2 X ii0 ?M ?F¥èE? PH? Fb 2 X D0 ? q 2 f μ1' L21L222 22 LSfLfX ππ ==  0=n ' 1=S H0? F1 L2120 2 LfX π= ? H 12 ff = 0? FKvb7 202 SXX = Vn0? F 2 X Dμ qμ1b 0 ?Mè ^¥è @1 2 20 2 2 20 2 2 2 2 2 2 )(SXR SE XR E I + = + = '0è @ 2 I 9Dμ q S μ1b? S 9v' ? n ?? H0DèH?W¥M  ? )( 0 nn ? 9F0?8$H ?L Mé¥ ?4ú? ^ 2 E 9F 2 I 99Fb ? 0=S ' 0 0 =?nn H 0 2 =I  ? S ?l H 202 SXR =  2 20 2 R SE I ≈ 'D S í ? ??1 ? S ¤í 1 H 220 RSX >>  è ?=≈ 20 20 2 X E I ??0μ PHY 2L φ M?¥? F1 2 X yN 2 I 1 2 E ìa 2 ? ?y70è ^¥ ? qy ?1 () 2 202 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 cos SXR R XR R + = + =? ?9Dμ q S μ1b ? S ?l H 202 SXR >>  1cos 2 ≈?  ? S 9v H 2 X 9v 2 cos? hl ?¤í 1 H 20 2 2 cos X R ≈? b 2 I a 2 cos? ? S ¥M?1" V¨m 4.19 ? U¥ wLV Ub m 4.19 2 I a 2 cos? ? S ¥M?1" ?  V?0è ^¥ò?t ?  ?è? ]aè @a ? qa? F#? qy ???D μ qμ1g'D ?μ1b ?a  +? èH  [/e?  ^ ?Ms?è?K×1¥t ? -Bb?+? ^ ?¥? 1+?b ?Ms?è?¥  ^?èH?¥ ?HY Φ D0è @ 2 I MoT¨7á 3¥ , ?D Φ ? 2 I ¥e??1 ?D0è ^¥? qy ? 2 cos? μ1 m 4.20 ? UQ?  2 cos?  ¥?Yb m 4.20(a) ? U¥ ^L !0? FD èEM1 V[- {?9' 1cos 2 =? ¥ f ? m?èH?¨′L ? U¥HV U? · m?5? 4 ??0?8???è? ] 2 E ¥ Z_ ¨?a:|V U by1?? f ?/ 2 I D 2 E ]M ?[ 2 I ¥Z_ ¨ =a ¥:|V UD 2 E ¥Z_Bá?¨P m?5 ??0ò?8 s ?¥Z_?m Vn  1cos 2 =? ¥ f ?/ ?μT¨?0?8¥ ?|á 3]BZ_¥ b (a) 1cos 2 =? (b) 0cos 2 =? (c) 1cos 2 <? m 4.20 2 cos?  T¥?Y m 4.20(b) ? U ^L !0èED ? FM1 V[- {?9 ' 0cos 2 =? ¥ f ? ? H 2 I 1 2 E ìa 90 0 b?m Vn?? f ?/T¨?0ò?8¥ ??zoM·h 1 ,b m 4.20(c) ? U¥ ^ L= f ?è @ 2 I 1è? ] 2 E ìa 2 ? ? ,' 1cos 2 <? ¥ f ??" ò?8 s ?¥Z_?DM]]"¥è @?èHY-/á 3¥ ? 1cos 2 =? H1 lb?N V[¤ 22m cos?ΦIKT = T? m K ii?Dè?2μ1¥è ?b y1 2 20 2 2 21 2 )( 44.4 SXR NSf I + = Φ 2 20 2 2 2 2 )( cos SXR R + =? ?[ ¥ 6B?V U T1 2 20 2 2 2 2 2 20 2 2 2 12 )()( SXR USR K SXR USR KT + = + = …… +? T? K iiDè?2? ?aè÷ ? qμ1¥è ? UU a 1 ii?0 ?Fèaè÷èa 2 R ii0 ?M ?F¥èE 20 X iiè??? 0=n  H0 ?M ?F¥? Fb 1%μ?+? s?è?? ? 0 )1( nSn ?= 1 ??8?E V| ST ? wLD? ?D -W¥1" Tn? wL' )(Tfn = ?1s?è?¥?+?b ?μ%μ?+?? | 1?+?-sb s?è?-?èa?-? ? q/¨??¥¤LZ T?0?0è ^??1¤ ? ?èEè F H¥?+??1%μ 1 ??+?b ? 2 20 2 2 2 2 )(SXR USR T + = 0 0 n nn S ? = V¤? ?Ms?è?¥%μ?+? wL ?m 4.21 ? Ub m 4.21 s?è?¥%μ?+? V+? wL  V[ A 1?+ y? V[ %?+? wL¥'??s?è?¥? ? ?? 1?+ y? ^ (1) ?X byT? 00 0 === SnnT  N Hè?¥ ?1 ?X b ? 0 n b (2) -?yT? NNN SSnnTT ===  N H-? ?-?μ q1 N N N 55.9 n P T = 0 N0 N n nn S ? = T? N P iiè?¥-?? q N n iiè?¥-? ?B? 0N )985.0~94.0( nn =  N S iiè?¥-?μ qB? 015.0~06.0 N =S  N T iiè?¥-? { b  3 ?yT? 10 st === SnTT  b | 1=S } ?  T? V¤ 2 20 2 2 2 2 st XR UR KT + = Vns?è?¥ ?  st T D U a 2 R # 20 X μ1? @F?0 ?M ?F ¥è a U ?? H ? ? üAhl ?0èE a?9v H ? ?9v 7 ?9v 0è F5? P ? v1hl? ^á ì ??31¥b Yèü%μ?+?  ? D-? -1 Nstst /TT=λ ?1è?¥ ? ? ?" ?b ?V? è? ? ? ?¥vlbB? 2.1~0.1 st =λ b  4 "?yT? max TT =  m nn =  m SS = b à p ¥Kv′ V?  +? 7 0= dn dT 7¤ "?μ q 202m / XRS = | m S } ?  T?' V¤ 20 2 max 2X U KT = Kv  max T ¥vlD?0 ?M ?F  ?Fèa U ¥ üZ??1? a üs?è? è÷èa¥o? ^? ù?¥bè÷èaV?? Pà  {  üA/? .àl?μ  7/?èT Kv  max T ¥vlD0èE¥vlí1? "?μ q m S ? ?1? 2 R ?L ? Ts?è?7y 0è ^?1¤?FèE V P m S 9v 7 max T ??Mb s?è???üè??? H  μ ?T  μ l?KvèH  è? ˉ ? ??7 Oè? HV9???   ? £bYèü%μ?+?  KvèH D-? -1 Nmaxm /TT=λ ?1è?¥V ? ?" ?b ?V? è? ?? s  μ¥ ? ?vl ^è?¥? B?×1?? ?bò?è?¥V ? ?" ?SES?μ?? ? ?Y¥ JO? JO 2 "  ? F Ts?è?¥ 2.28.1 m j=λ  ×??8á?¨¥ JZ ? JZR ?L ? Ts ?è?¥ 8.25.2 m j=λ b  L=?¨?¨ +?9 ??+?dè ?P ?ü ???¨ max T ? m S V U¥? T5ZL b1N|  ? Tü? ?aü V¤? )(2 m m max S S S S TT += N T1  -μ q+?¥ L¨Vr T9??ì? iμ q+?b ?a |1?+? ?  ?s V?s?è?¥?+?Dè?¥? ?μ19D?Fè÷èaaè ÷ ? qμ1 |1" T?¥? ? |11F[?M7¤¥+??1s?è?¥ |1?+ ?'?M?0èaa?0è÷ ? qa?0è ^1 ?èEè Fa0è ^1 ?èEè F ?? V¤?s?è?¥ |1?+?b 1??è?è÷èa H¥ |1+? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = + = = ? == = N max 2 20 2 2 2 2 st 20 2 max 0 m0 20 2 m 0 2 60 T T XR UR KT X U KT n nn X R S p f n λ V[ A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ↓↓ ↓↓ ↓→ st max m 0 T T S n U ?M ?M 'Kv  max T ? st T D 2 U ??1????0èa H 0 n ? m S ?M7 max T ? st T v vhlb]Bμ q f ?/ |1+?D%μ+?¥ -1??èa¥ üZ-1byN ????èa¥ |1+? H ^[%μ+?1$?]¥ S ) |%μ+? ? ¥ e??èaD-?èa1′¥ üZ' VT |1+? wL ?m 4.22 ? Ub m 4.22 ?Mè÷èa H¥ |1+? ???0 ?F?Fèa1 N U a N 8.0 U a N 5.0 U H0 {Kv sY1 maxa TT = a maxb 64.0 TT = ? maxc 25.0 TT = b Vnèa?? |1+? wL?aPMb ??s?è?è?èa¥o?dè ù?? H ?èa?? t?vv?? ? ¥V ? ?D ?  .à Pè?? 3{??μ??'? ? ?¥C`b è ?è??-?μ N T /' P 2 m =λ  ?è?èa/?? N U%70 5? ?? H NN 2 2 N Nmmax 98.07.02 TT U U TT =××= ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? =λ è?9?Tb N?è?èa/?μ?M¥Hq/| Pè? ?/?μ q S9vè @9F? è?? £ .à êb 2?0è ^¤ ?èEè F H¥ |1+? è??0è ^??1èEè Fa è? èa1è÷èah ??0?1èE  è F ¥a?á P?0 ?FMèa?? ,?? f ?/¥ |1+?D??è÷èa H¥M ? ?m 4.23 ? Ub m 4.23 ?0è ^?¤èEè F H¥ |1+? m? LL 1 1??è÷èa¥ |1+?′L 2 1?0è ^1 ?èE S R 1 è F S X 1 ¥ |1+?bVm? V A ??]¥ ^?01 ? S R 1  S X 1 a¥Kv 11°¤??è÷ èa H¥Kv vBt? ^y1 ?" ?¥  6? ?è @¥hl S R 1  S X 1 ¥ a?hlF?è??0 ?F ¥ èa1?9vá PKv vt 7??è÷èa ¥ |1+??? ?V???0 ?F¥ èa ^???M¥b 3?M?0è÷ ? q H¥ |1+? ?M?0è÷ ? q f  ?Ms?è??+?¥?Y ^1?ˉ¥ / ????1s  )(Tfn = ¥í ?1"b ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = + = = ? == = N max 2 20 2 2 2 2 st 20 2 max 0 m0 20 2 m 0 2 60 T T XR UR KT X U KT n nn X R S p f n λ i?i?   T? fKfX /1 20 ∝∝   OB?M ?? ??¨? ? ?'?Kv  max T  ?1?′1N?M ? q f ¥] Hè÷èa U 91TM?¥M? P è ?=fU / ? Lé  ^ Pè? #HY ??Mb   ?Hq/üiμ fn ∝ 0  fS /1 m ∝  fT /1 st ∝ ? max T ?M¥1"' ?" ? q ¥?? ?X b ? 0 n 1hl "?μ q19v ? 19v7Kv ' ???M ?m 4.24b m 4.24 ?M?0è÷ ? q H¥ |1+?  40è ^1èE H¥ |1+?  ?ML ? Ts?è?¥0è ^?1 ?èE r2 R a@nm 4.25(a)B0è ^?¥ èE1 2r2 RR + b ? () () ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = ++ + = = ? = + = = N max 2 20 2 r22 2 r22 20 2 max 0 m0 20 2r2 0 2 60 T T XRR URR KT X U KT n nn X RR S p f n st m λ r2 R ¥1 ? ?X b ? 0 n aKv  max T àμ?Y ? 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