1
1
bvDè0y?" ù?

f
f
H
f
HF
.
lg20 A
.
lg20 fA
.
lg20 MA
F
AMf
1
lg20lg20
.

FAFA MM
...
lg201lg20 ≈+
4.2.5 μQ ?Z z
{

1??

2?

! 7ì9m
>ì9m
7
?
1c -4.2 μQ ?bvè
^+?¥?Y
H
M
f/jf1
A
A
+
=
constF
=
&
HF
MF
HM
HM
f
f/jf1
A
)f/jf1/(FA1
)f/jf1/(A
AF1
A
A
+
=
++
+
=
+
=
FA1
A
A
M
M
MF
+
=
()
HHMHf
DffFA1f
=+=
?Z
 D
?Z
 D
?]Q ?Z z?]9m¥{ zè
@μQ ??R{ ??μb
{Z z D¥1"oμ'bv μB?|
q
H
a¨
?]Q ?Z z?]9m¥{ zè
@μQ ??R{ ??μb
{Z z D¥1"oμ'bv μB?|
q
H
a¨
2
bvDè0y?" ù?
4.2.6 ? ?μQ ?¥B?e5
?
1c -4.2 μQ ?bvè
^+?¥?Y

1×?°
@+? -----°
@μQ ?
×??
@+? -----?
@ g

2×?
{èa -----èaμQ ?
×?
{è
@ -----è
@ g

34ú
{ ?èE -----1 óμQ ?
??
{ ?E F -----i ó g

44ú
{èE -----è
@μQ ?
??
{E F -----èa g
2
3
bvDè0y?" ù?
4.3 μQ ?bvè
^¥sZE
?
9

??s
4.3.1
'μQ ?Hq/¥í
9
Hq 1 AF >>1
'μQ ?
Hq 1 AF >>1
'μQ ?
e?
R
if
R
of
?
°¤ p
e?
R
if
R
of
?
°¤ p
“′
,
“′
,
D >>1
?
1c
1¨ í
9
F
1
A
f

F
1
AF1
A
A
f

+
=
2¨  í
9
0X
id

fi
XX

idif
idi
XXX
X)AF1(X
=
+=
fi
id
XX
0X
?

4
bvDè0y?" ù?
V
CC
R
1
R
2
R
3
R
4
T
1
T
2
V
0


i
f
R
5
R
6
R
S


V
S
I
OI
i
4.3.2 s  è
è1 p÷èa9m A
vsf
,
@
'μQ ?Hq
(+)
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
Q ??
 R
3
aR
6
??,

@i óμQ ?
E 1:
E 2:
?
1c -4.3 μQ ?bvè
^¥sZE
63
6
O
f
i
RR
R
I
I
F
+
≈=
6
63
1
R
RR
F
A
i
if
+
=≈
O
63
6
fi
I
RR
R
II
+
=≈
6
63
i
O
if
R
RR
I
I
A
+
==
0R
if

44of
'
of
RR//RR
≈=
()
1
4
6
63
1
4
1
4
RR
R
R
RR
RR
R
A
RRI
RI
v
v
A
SS
if
Si
O
s
o
vsf
+
+
=
+
=
+
==
3
5
bvDè0y?" ù?
4.3.2 s  è
?
è2 p A
vf
,
@
'μQ ?Hq
Q ??
,R
3
aR
5
??
(+)
(+)
(+)
(-)
èa1 óμQ ?
R
1
R
2
R
3
R
5
T
1
T
2
R
6
R
4


V
0
V
CC


V
I
m
V
f
+
-
?
1c -4.3 μQ ?bvè
^¥sZE
53
3
RR
R
v
v
F
O
f
v
+
==
vf
A
'
vf
A
3
53
v
'
vf
R
RR
F
1
A
+
=≈ 3
53
21
2'
21
2
R
RR
RR
R
A
RR
R
A
vfvf
+
+
=
+
=
6
bvDè0y?" ù?
4.4.1 μQ ?bvè
^¥1Hq#×??
Y
4.4.1.1 1??¥ey#Hq
1.ey
? μQ ?¥
&·&·?
u×
X
i
D X
f
]M? X
id
? <? X
i
?
? ú
u&·&·?Q ?
4.4 μQ ?bvè
^¥×??Mê?ê
X
i
D X
f
QM? X
id
? >? X
i
?
è?Q ?r?B?′&·&·1
?FMM
FA
&&
?
1c
4
7
bvDè0y?" ù?
?
1c - 4,4 –4.4.1 1Hq#×??
Y
2,1Hq
0FA1D =+=

A
f
1?
(1)
1FA?=
&&
(2)
1FA =
&&
o
180)1n2(
FA
×+±=?+
?
üHq
Mê
üHq
(3) BE?,
F
&
o
0
F
=
1FA =
&&
o
180
A
±=
z r?×
(
ü )
z ?V?,
1FA >
&&
o
180
A
±=
P |X
f
| > | X
id
|,9??? ????
K?
FA1
A
X
X
A
i
O
f
&&
&
&
&
&
+
==
8
bvDè0y?" ù?
4.4.1.2 ×?yTHq#
YZE
1,?1Hq ( ?
q/?
@1Hq )
1FA =
&&
o
180
A
<
H ,
o
180
A
= 1FA <
&&
H
2.
YZE
o+mE
f
C
?êì
^9m
q ('&? AF&?" 1
H )
f
C
?êì
^9m
q ('&? AF&?" 1
H )
f
0
1??
q
(?FMM 180
o

f
0
1??
q
(?FMM 180
o

3.×??1 p
(1) 9m?G
m
f
C
f
O
··
20lg&? AF&?
f
G
m
-90
-180

f
C
f
O
·
20lg&? A&?
f
-90
-180

M
F
1
lg20
&
m
m
(2) Mê?
m

^9m
?
1c - 4,4 –4.4.1 1Hq#×??
Y
5
9
bvDè0y?" ù?
4.4.2 μQ ?bvè
^¥×??s
KvMM -90°
? V
C -180 °
-45
-90

20
40
··
20lg&? AF&?
f
10.1 10
p
M
f/jf1
A
A
+
=
&
p
M
f/jf1
FA
FA
+
=
&&
∴B¨f
¥bv ?
C1C`,
^×?¥ !
B¨f
¥bv ?
C1C`,
^×?¥ !
?
1c -4,4 μQ ?bvè
^¥×??#Mê?ê
Hq??
μQ ?+? ? FBE?D
qí1
1 B¨f
¥μQ ?bv 
B?|
q
10
bvDè0y?" ù?
2 =¨f
¥μQ ?bv 

?|
q
)/1)(/1(
21 pp
M
fjffjf
A
A
++
=
&
20
40
·
20lg&? A&?
f
60
-45
-90

-135
-180
f
p1
f
p2
1
1
F
1
M
2
M
2
1
F
2p
ff =
H,
m
=45°
= -135°
? ? 1/FD A¥?? -20dB/
E

H,?
m
>45°
? F↑ 1/Fhl? F ?1
H"
180¢
? ?? I
n?
m
H×?
? I
n?
m
> 45'%
H? FFv?×
?
?
1c - 4,4-4.4.2 μQ ?bvè
^¥×??s
6
11
bvDè0y?" ù?
2 ?¨f
¥μQ ?bv 

??|
q
)/1)(/1)(/1(
321 ppp
M
fjffjffjf
A
A
+++
=
&
1
1
F
M
L
M
F
1
? 1/F
1
,?? M,
< 135¢?
m
> 45'%
×?
f
0
-45
-90

-135
-180
-270
-225
N
2
F
1
20
40
·
20lg&? A&?
f
60
f
p1
f
p2
f
p3
! f
p3
= 10 f
p2
 f
p2
= 10f
p1
? 1/F
2
,?? N,
" 180¢?
m
" 0'% 1
? 1/F
M
,?? L,
" 135¢?
m
" 45'%
@Mê?¥KvQ ?"
F
m

?
1c - 4,4-4.4.2 μQ ?bvè
^¥×??s
12
bvDè0y?" ù?
z ??êì
^9m
q
'bv 
?
+?
7ì9m[ 20dB/
E
/?
¥

=
^×?¥b
z 1 £>ì9m×? 20lg1/&? F&?Q ?L?D
7ì9m?
+? 40dB/
E
/?LM
?b
z ?¨[
Q ?bv ?Q ?
'
v
H^
1b
?
1c - 4,4-4.4.2 μQ ?bvè
^¥×??s
2
(??ì )
7
13
bvDè0y?" ù?
4.4.3 Mê?ê
A
1
A
2
A
3
R
o1 R
o2
R
o3
R
i2
R
i3
C
o1
C
i2
C
C
1
C
2 C
3
v
i
v
o
R
L
?
1c -4,4 μQ ?bvè
^¥×??#Mê?ê
z il
'μQ ?
H?1b
z ZEF RC?
??9m?
+?
P 
@×?
?1 pb
4.4.3.1 ìa?ê
1 e?è ??ê
14
bvDè0y?" ù?
?ê -,
)R//R(C2
1
f
2i1O1
1p
π
=
A
1
A
2
A
3
R
o1 R
o2
R
o3
R
i2 R
i3
C
o1
C
i2
C
C
1
C
2 C
3
v
i
v
o
R
L
)R//R(C2
1
f
3i2O2
2p
π
=
)R//R(C2
1
f
L3O3
3p
π
=
! f
p3
= 10 f
p2
 f
p2
= 10f
p1
20
40
·
20lg&? A&?
f
60
f
p1
f
p2 f
p3
?êa,
()
12i1O
'
1
CC)R//R(2
1
f
+
=
π
?
+?,1 p?
m
≥ 45'%
5Q ?L? f
p2
 !
F
1
'
1
f
''
1
f
? ??ê,
''
1
f
?
1c - 4,4 –4.4.3-4.4.3.1 ìa?ê