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?1.5.25.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3
?1.5.35.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,5
?1.5.45.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,5
?1.5.65.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,6
?1.5.85.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,6
?1.5.115.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,7
?1.5.125.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,8
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1
List of Figures
151.5.1m.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3
251.5.2m.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,4
351.5.8m.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,7
451.5.11m.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,7
551.5.12m.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,8
651.6.2m.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,10
751.7.4m.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,10
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1.5.1
m1?,??íq}Vè÷μbè
@èa￥? IZ_ ?m?
Ub
?YV
L?
¤?
m1:51.5.1m
I1 =?4A I2 = 6A I3 = 10A
U1 = 140V U2 =?90V U3 = 60V
U4 =?80V U5 = 30V
1
kSòè
@￥
L=Z_òèa￥
L=?b
2

'tíq
^è÷$
't
^μ$
39
òíq￥?
qè÷?￥?
qμ |¨￥?
q
^?
ü$
[333]:
2íq121è÷ 3451μb
3 P1 = U1I1 = 140￡(?4)W =?560W
P2 = U2I2 = (?90)￡6W =?540W
P3 = U3I3 = 60￡10W = 600W
P4 = U4I1 = (?80)￡(?4)W = 320W
P5 = U5I2 = 30￡6W = 180W
è÷??
qPE =
P1 +P2 = 1100W
μ |¨?
qP = P3 +P4 +P5 = 1100W
?
ü
1.5.2
m2?X?I1 = 3mA,I2 = 1mA.
k ??è
^íq3?￥è
@I3 

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a
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^μbn??è
^￥?
q
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3
[333]
n5? : ?è
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m2:51.5.2m
I1 +I2?I3 = 0
3+1?I3 = 0
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L=Z_Dm?￥? IZ_MQb
? : ?è
@?
p V¤
U3 = (30+10￡103 ￡3￡10?3)V = 60V
Q ??è÷
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1Vèaè
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80Víq
30Víq
è
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2Vèaè
@￥? IZ_
Y
è
^íq3 U3I3￥? IZ_M]P = U3I3 = 60￡(?2)￡10?3W =
120￡10?3W
μ′#1è÷
80VíqU2I2￥? IZ_MQP = U2I2 = 80 ￡ 1 ￡ 10?3W =
80￡10?3W
?′#1è÷
30VíqU1I1? IZ_M]P = U1I1 = 30 ￡ 3 ￡ 10?3W = 90 ￡
10?3W
?′#1μb
?2TBáb
Kan?
q
ü
èEh{?
q:
PR1 = R1I21 = 10￡32mW = 90mW
PR2 = R2I22 = 20￡12mW = 20mW
4
è÷??
q:
PE = U2I2 +U3I3 = (80+120)mW = 200mW
μ |¨èE
{?
q:
P = U1I1 +R1I21 +R2I22 = (90+90+20)mW = 200mW
?
ü
1.5.3
μB°
@è÷ -??
qPN = 200W-?èaUN = 50Vb
=ER0 =
0:5?μèER V[??b è
^ ???m1.5.1
U
k p
1-?yT
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2 7
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èa
3è÷
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/￥è
@b
[333]
(1)-?è
@IN = PNU
N
= 20050 A = 4A,μèER = UNI
N
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(2)è÷ 7
^èaU0 = E = UN +INR0 = (50+4￡0:5)V = 52V
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0
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1.5.4
μB
°
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{èa130V,-?
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?-?μ 
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'￠U = U0?UNU
N
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k p?è÷￥
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[333]è÷ bèaU0'1 è?
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UN = ￠U
U0?30
30 = 0:1%
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U0 = E = 30:03V
5
?
U = E?R0I
30 = 30:03?R0 ￡2
¤
R0 = 0:015?
1.5.6
Bo110Va8W￥·
U§C1¤380V￥è÷
ù11vE′￥
èE$?èE?êv?
￥$
[333]?·
U§￥-?′ p-?
/￥è
@INèERN
IN = PNU
N
= 8110A = 0:073A RN = UNI
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= 1100:073? = 1507?
380Vè÷
·
U§ ˉ ?110V-?èa
1èE
R = U?UNI
N
= 380?1100:073? = 3700?
-??
q
PN = RI2N = 3700￡(0:073)2W = 19:6W
# Vê¨-?′13:7K?a20W￥èEb
1.5.8
m3
U￥
^¨ME R??°
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@If￥è
^b
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￥èE1315?, -?èa1220V, ?T1 p ?Hè
@0:35? 0:7A￥S?
=M
?
k/
 ??ME ?ê¨B?
a￥:
(1) 1000?a0:5A (2) 200?a1A (3) 350?a1Ab
[333]
?R = 0
H
I = 220315 = 0:7A
?I = 0:35A
H
R +315 = 2200:35 = 630?
R = (630?315) = 315?
yNo
ê¨350?a1A￥ME b
6
m3:51.5.8m
1.5.11
m4
U￥
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è B￥e ?è
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3M?
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b?
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200?R3 = 100??
H
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3
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2
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üHqUo = 0bé??

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(1) Uo = +1mV (2) Uo =?1mV
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1$
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[333] (1) Uo = +1mV
m4:51.5.11m
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:
Uab +Ubd +Uda = 0
Uab +Uo?Uad = 0

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Rx +R3Rx +Uo?
U
2 = 0
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Rx +100 +0:001?1:5 = 0
7
3-¤
Rx = 99:867?
y
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7
PRxE′hl'
￠Rx = (99:867?100)? =?0:133?
(2) Uo =?1mV
] ?
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Rx = 100:133?
y
,q
%é7
PRxE′9v'
￠Rx = (100:133?100)? = +0:133?
Uo?￥MQ?

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%é
ê
b
1.5.12
m5
^è÷μyT￥è
^bè÷￥è?
]E = 220V
=ER0 = 0:2? μ
èER1 = 10?R2 = 6:67? L
^èERl = 0:1?b
k pμèER2i ó -
a(1)è
^?è
@I (2)è÷
èaU1μ
èaU2;(3)μ?
qPb?μ
9v
H9￥μèEaL
^?è
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qaè÷
μ
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M￥$
[333] R2i ó -è
^9èE
m5:51.5.12m
R = R0 +2Rl +R1 = (0:2+2￡0:1+10)? = 10:4?
(1)è
^?è
@
I = ER = 22010:4A = 21:2A
8
(2)è÷
èa
U1 = E?R0I = (220?0:2￡21:2)V = 216V
μ
èa
U2 = R1I = 10￡21:2V = 212V
(3)μ?
q
P = U2I = 212￡21:2W = 4490W = 4:49kW
R2i óaè
^9èE
R = R0 +2Rl + R1R2R
1 +R2
= (0:2+2￡0:1+ 10￡6:6710+6:67)? = 4:4?
(1)è
^?è
@
I = ER = 2204:4A = 50A
(2)è÷
èa
U1 = E?R0I = (220?0:2￡50)V = 210V
μ
èa
U2 = R1R2R
1 +R2
I = 10￡6:6710+6:67 ￡50V = 200V
(3)μ?
q
P = U2I = 200￡50W = 10000W = 10kW
Vn?μ9vaè
^9èEhlè
^?è
@9vμ?
q9vè
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èaμ
èa (??b
1.6:::   ??????
p
p
p
1.6.2
k pm6
U?sè
^?è
@IaI1èER
!Uab = 0b
[333]?: ?è
@?
p V?I = 6Ab
??
!Uab = 0 V¤
I1 =?1A
I2 = I3 = 62A = 3A
9
m6:51.6.2m
i¤
I4 = I1 +I3 = (?1+3)A = 2A
I5 = I?I4 = (6?2)A = 4A
y
I5R = I4 ￡1
¤
R = I4I
5
= 24? = 0:5?
1.7èèè
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Q
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1.7.4
m7? pA?èêVAb
[333]
m7:51.7.4m
10
I1?I2?I3 = 0 (1)
I1 = 50?VA10 (2)
I2 = VA?(?50)5 (3)
I3 = VA20 (4)
|
T(2)a(3)a(4)} ?
T(1)¤
50?VA
10?
VA +50
5?
VA
20 = 0
VA =?14:3V
11
12