Solution: 7.9.2.3
Σ
G
C
G
P
+
R
C
Figure 1: Cascade Compensation with UnityFeedback
For the system of Figure 1 wehave
G
p
=
1
(s +2)(s +4)
Part (a)
The PI compensator can be put in the form:
G
c
= k
pi
+
k
i
s
=
k
pi
s + k
i
s
=
k
pi
(s + k
i
=k
pi
)
s
:
The constant k
pi
serves as the gain of the compensator and the ratio k
i
=k
pi
determines the zero of the compensator. In this problem
k
i
k
pi
=2;;
and the zero of the PI compensator cancels the pole of the plantats = ;2
As as consequence
G
c
(s)G
p
(s)=
K
pi
s(s +4)
:
The root locus is shown in Figure 2 The gain to place the closed loop poles
at s = ;2j3is
K
pi
= js +2jjs +4jj
s=;2+j3
=2
2
+3
2
=13:
The compensator is then
G
c
(s)=
13(s +2)
s
:
The following MATLAB dialogue generates the step response shown in Fig-
ure 3.
1
Im(s)
Re(s)
-4 -2
3
s + 4
s
Figure 2: Root Locus of Compensated System
EDU>clear all
EDU>g = zpk([],[0 -4],13)
Zero/pole/gain:
13
-------
s (s+4)
EDU>h= 1
h=
1
EDU>tc = feedback(g,h)
Zero/pole/gain:
13
---------------
(s^2 + 4s + 13)
EDU>step(tc,3)
EDU>print -deps pistep.eps
EDU>
2
Time (sec.)
Amplitude
Step Response
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
Figure 3: Step Response of Compensated System
In this case the step response can be predicted exactly using the formula for
percentovershoot in Chapter 6, because the pole cancellation has resulted
in T
c
(s)beingT
N2
(s).
3