Whatever Happened to Manners
Teaching Objectives
? To get students know what good manners
are,
? To understand the purpose of writing and
organization of the text,
? To reinforce some basic linguistic
knowledge by doing various types of
exercises,
Argumentation
The purpose is to state an opinion which you are going to defend and
to offer supporting evidence in order to convince the reader to
agree with you,
Write your thesis clearly at the beginning of the essay,The thesis is
your statement of purpose and it will serve to guide you in writing
the entire paper,
Give facts or other usual data to support your thesis,This can be done
in several paragraphs in order of importance or relevance to the
thesis,
By tying together what has been discussed,conclude your essay with a
restatement of the thesis or a forceful sentence that helps to drive
your thesis home,
Here are some sentences and structures that might be useful in talking
about virtues,
There are many good qualities,or virtues,in human beings,
Every society recognizes/accepts/promotes certain virtues in its
members,
Honesty,loyalty,truthfulness,courage,perseverance,friendliness,
kindness,generosity,selflessness,sympathy,charity,thriftiness,
forgiveness,patience and corporation---all these good qualities
are examples of human virtues,
As the saying goes,virtue is far fairer than beauty/beauty without virtue
is a flower without perfume,for beauty is but skin-deep but virtue
never grows old,
Patience and perseverance are needed in every kind of human
activity/will enable us to get whatever we want,
Greed/Cruelty/Envy/Vanity/Untruthfulness/Corruption/Unkindness is the
worst kind of human vices,
Sympathy for the suffering/the needy/the weak/those who
suffer/those who are in need/those who are weak
makes us caring persons/should be cultivated from
childhood,
The spirit of forgiveness is needed for countries/enemies to
solve conflicts,
The ability to corporate with others is essential in getting
things done/for a successful career,
Courage enables people to face challenges,setbacks,
frustrations and dangers fearlessly,
To be honest is to be truthful/to tell no lies/to be trustworthy,
I value honesty/courage/cooperation most,
Proverbs,
Honesty is the best policy,
An honest look covers many faults,
Saying is one thing and doing another,
The greatest talkers are always the least doers,
No man is born wise or good; it’s his upbringing that
counts,
各种场合礼仪简介
Rising at Introduction
? A man always rises for an introduction,
except that it is sometimes all right for an
elderly man to remain seated when a
young man is introduced to him,The
hostess always rises for an introduction,
Invitation
1) You must reply to an Invitation
Foreign custom is much more strict than Chinese
custom in the matter of replying to invitations,When
you receive an invitation you should answer it
immediately,saying definitely whether you are able to
accept it or not,
2) Written or Verbal Reply
If the invitation is given by word of mouth,in
conversation or at a chance meeting,you should
answer at once whether you can come or not,If you
cannot give an answer at that time,you may say,"May I
let you know this evening?" Or some such words,
Table Manners
1) As soon as the hostess picks up her
napkin(餐巾),pick yours up and lay it on
your lap,Sometimes a roll of bread is
wrapped in it; if so,toke it our and put it
on your side plate,
2) The Soup Course
Dinner usually begins with soup,The
largest spoon at your place is the soup
spoon,It will be beside your plate at the
right-hand side,
3) The Fish Course
If there is a fish course,it will probably follow
the soup,There may be a special fork for the
fish,or it may be similar to the meat fork,Often
it is smaller,
4) The Meat Course
The main Course is usually served by the host
himself,especially if it is a fowl(鸡禽) or a
roast which need to be carved,He will often ask
each guest what piece he prefers,and it is quite
proper to state your preference as to lean or fat,
dark(红肉) or light(白肉),
5) Using Knife and Fork
If you have English and American friends you will
notice a few differences in their customs of eating,For
the main or meat curse,the English keep the fork in the
left hand,point curved downward,and bring the food to
the mouth either by sticking the points onto it or in the
case of soft vegetables,by placing it firmly on the fork
in this position with the knife,Americans carve the
meat in the same position,then lay down the knife and
taking the fork in the right hand with the point turned up,
push it under a small piece of food without the help of
the knife and bring it to the moth right-side-up,
6) Helping Yourself and Refusing
If a servant passes food around,he will
pass the dish in at your left hand so that
you can conveniently serve yourself with
your right hand,Never serve yourself
while the dish is on your right; it is then
the turn of your neighbor on the right,It is
polite to take some of everything that is
passed to you,But if there is something
you may not like,you may quietly say,
"No thank you."
7) Second Helpings
The hostess may or may not ask if you
would like a second helping,according to
the formality of the meal,If she does and
you accept it,you should pass your plate
to her or to the servant with the knife
and fork still lying on it,
8) The Salad Course
? A salad is eaten with a fork only held in
the right hand with points turned up,
There is usually a special one for the
salad,a little smaller than the meat fork,
9) Bread and Butter
? Bread is taken in the fingers and laid on
the side plate or the edge of the large
plate,it is never take with a fork,Butter is
taken from the butter dish with the butter
knife and placed on the side plate,not on
one's bread,
10) Other Things on the Table
? When there are things on the middle of the table,such
as bread,butter,jelly,pickles,nits,candies,you should
not take any until the hostess ahs suggested that they
be passed,
11) Leaving the Table
? It is impolite for a guest to leave the table during a meal,
or before the hostess gives the signal at the end,When
the hostess indicates that the dinner is over,she will
stat to rise from her seat and all the guests she rise
from theirs at the same time,
12) Various rules and Suggestion
? Sit up straight on your chair; Do not put much
food in your mouth at a time; Drink only when
there is no food in your mouth; Try not to get
into your mouth anything that will have to be
taken out; Do not make any nose when you eat;
Do not clean your teeth at the table or anywhere
in public,either with your finger or a tooth
pick(牙签),not even with you tongue,
In School
1)Greeting the Teacher
? If you are in a very large class,it may not be necessary
to greet the teacher on arriving,but it is always quite
proper if you happen to catch the teacher's eye as you
enter,
2) Coming Late
? It is bad manners to come late to class,If you are
unavoidably late an apology should be made to the
teacher either at the time or after class,
3) Talking in Class
? It if bad manners in the schoolroom,as elsewhere,to
talk while anyone else is taking,
Special Occasions
1) Birthday
? Birthday in the West,as in China,are
considered occasions for congratulations
and sometimes for gifts from near friends,
2)The Wedding
? If one receives an announcement of a
wedding after it is over,a note of
congratulation may be sent,but a gift is
not necessary,
The Funeral
? Funerals,of course,are always sad,but
the tendency in Western countries is
against making any show of one's
feelings at the funeral,The idea behind
this is that the person dead would wish
this last meeting of his friends in his
honor and remembrance to be full of
tender,happy recollections of his life,
With Strangers and Friends
1) Lending and borrowing are more matters of
principle in the West than in the East,Things
borrowed in the West are definitely expected to
be returned,whether it is fifty dollars or merely
a friend's pencil,
2) Don't Be Curious
? It is impolite to be curious about the private
affairs of others,such as age,salary,religion
and marriage,
3) Thanks for Gifts
? When some one gives you a present,it is very
impolite to neglect thank him for it,
One Hand Only
? In china we use two hands when giving
something to a person,or when receiving
it,if we want to be very polite,In the West
this would seem awkward and impolite,
Personal Habits and Appearance
1) People judge you at first by what they see,so particular
attention should be paid to your personal appearance,
2) Using a Handkerchief
? Always carry a clean handkerchief,Do not use it while it
is folded,and do not fold it after you use it,
3)Spitting
? In the West it is considered very impolite to spit,even
upon the street,
4) Smoking
? Smoking is very prevalent(普遍 ),both by men and by
women,If you are a guest in a home where no others
are smoking,it is better to refrain(忍住) from smoking,
you may say,"Would you mind if I smoked?",
Some Points for Men
1) With a Lady
? Always allow the lady to precede you in places
where one has to go before the other except in
the following case,when getting off a street car,
train,bus,or out of an automobile; when going
up stair; when opening a heavy door,When you
are walking along the street with a lady,always
walk on the outside,
2) At a Dance
? If you wish to dance with a certain lady,go to
her,bow,and say:" May I have the pleasure of a
dance?"
Discuss
? List good manners and bad manners in
daily life,
? What is this essay concerned with?
This essay is a piece of argumentation on the
necessity and significance of good manners,
? How is the essay organized?
This essay is organized chiefly by means of
the following methods,1) the main idea is used
as the main frame work of the text; 2) the
deductive method is employed in most of the
paragraphs; 3) the writer?s personal experiences
and some typical examples are made good use
of as convincing evidence;4) some key phrases,
each of which stands in a single line,are used as
subtitles;5) the writer?s own viewpoints are well
presented,
? This essay is a piece of argumentation,
? The essay can be divided into four parts ( p.21),
Part I (Para1.), In the beginning part,the writer puts
forward his view point,many people show a lack of good
manners; they are less friendly or less polite than people
in the past,
Part II (Para 2-4),Then he raises and proves his opinion,
good manners are a sort of hidden beauty secret; your
good manners make you feel better and look better,
contributing to building up your nice image,
Part III (Para 5-10),The author goes on to point out and
illustrate the favourable influence of some specific good
manners on the receivers,
Part IV (Para11),In the last paragraph the writer
concludes that good manners are infectious; meanwhile,
he expresses his sincere wish for a polite society where
everybody would behave politely,
Structural analysis of the text
some difficult sentences,words or phrases
1,A gracious manner adds priceless panache to your
image,
Explain,A gracious manner adds the greatest
splendour to your image,
2,I bet the note my guest sent me didn?t take long to
write,
Explain,I firmly believed the note my guest sent me
didn?t take long to write,
3,It melted away most of the irritation you felt,
Explain,The simple phrase,Excuse me”,made most
of your irritation disappear,
Words or phrases to study
matter,count
? She didn?t believe that such things
mattered much,
? If a person does her best it does not
matter what people think of her,
? It?s not how much you read but what you
read that counts,
? 对他们来说重要的是钱。
? 我们做的每一件事都重要。
? appreciate English poetry (欣赏 英诗 )
? appreciate good food (品尝 美味 )
? appreciate sb.?s friendship (珍视 某人的友谊 )
? We all appreciate the holiday after a year of hard work,
(经过一年的辛苦工作之后,我们都十分 珍惜 这个假期。 )
? A musician can appreciate small differences in sounds,
(音乐家能 辨别 声音中极细微的差别。 )
? We shall appreciate hearing from you again,(我们恭候佳音,)
? I appreciate your kindness,(多谢 厚意 )
? We appreciate your difficulty,(我们 意识 到你们的困难 )
? Building the new railway appreciates the value of the land,
(修建这条铁路 提高 了土地的 价值 )
appreciation,appreciate
? (of a motor vehicle,boat,etc) move out of sideways
A car suddenly pulled out in front of me,
? Leave or depart
When I arrived,the train was pulling out of the station,
Related phrases,
? We pulled in at midnight,(抵达,到达目的地 )
? We pulled over to watch the sunset,
我们停下车看日落
? pull over,To bring a vehicle to a stop at a curb or at the
side of a road
暂停在路边:将车辆在路边停住,
Pull out
Related phrases,
? count on
You can always count on Mary in any
emergency,(指望,依靠 )
? count out
We?ll have to count out John for next Sunday?s
trip,(不算在内 )
? count in
If the cost of the trip is no more than five
pounds,please count me in.(让 … 参加 )
feel like ---have a wish or inclination for
? I feel like going to the movie,(想,愿意)
? I was so angry that I felt like throwing
something at him,
? Do you feel like a game of tennis?
? I?m holding something that feels like a
potato,(摸起来像)
? I feel like a fool,(像是 )
Cary Grant
Lauren Bacall
I regard good manners as a kind of hidden
magic method which makes you beautiful,
I think of good manners as a sort
of hidden beauty secret
work wonders for; create wonders for
? She looks so tired a month ago,but she
looks healthy now,Obviously her holiday
has done wonders for her,
? This medicine will do wonders for your
depression,
do wonders for
Translation Exercises
– I am sorry I am late; I was at a meeting and
couldn?t get away,
– At the concert whenever a singer finished
singing a beautiful song,the audience would
burst into loud cheers to show their
appreciation,
– As a stylish dresser,she is always wearing
stylish clothes,but she seldom cares about
what she eats or drinks,
– The nurse tells me that the doctors have
done wonders for your heart disease,
– When awarding the prize,the chairman
complimented the winner on his great
contribution to mankind,
? This problem has bothered the experts for
many years,
? The crowd of demonstrators melted away
when the police arrived,
? Since punctuality is a good habit,we
should pay much attention to it and make
great efforts to cultivate this good habit,
? The old man cherishes that girl,as if she
were his own daughter,
? It is just a routine physical checkup,
nothing to get worried about,
Dictation
Mother?s Day is celebrated on the second
Sunday in May,On this occasion,Mother usually
receives greeting cards and gifts from her
husband and children,For most mothers,the
rarest and best gift is a day of rest,Often,
families honour Mother by taking her out for
dinner,In some households the husband and
children take over meal preparations so that
Mom can spend a whole day away from kitchen,
Serving her breakfast in bet is another family
ritual,Later in the day,parents may take their
children to visit their grandparents,Flowers are
an important part of the day,Mothers are often
given corsages for the occasion,particularly if
they are elderly,
Assignments,
? Read the text as fluently as possible,
? Write a short passage by answering
Do you agree that good manners are a
sort of hidden beauty secret?