Lecturer,Mr,Lü Hongming
Tel,0515-3127908
Email,lhmyg@sina.com
翻译技巧（六） 重复译法
重复译法是指翻译时重复原文中某些词，使译文表
达明确具体。这是因为有些词在英语中是不必重复的，
但在汉语中却必须重复，否则就会造成文理不通或逻辑
混乱。
一、重复共同部分
1.重复共同修饰的名词
Gas,oil,and electric furnaces are most commonly
used for heat treating metal,
The charges of nucleus and electrons are equal so
that the atom is electrically neutral.
2,重复共同的动词
Alternating current flows first in one direction
and then in the other,the reversals taking place
many times a second.
Plant growth needs sunshine,air and water as
well.
3,重复共用的宾语
Engineers have to analyze and solve design
problems.
4,重复共同的定语
Metals are the best conductors and gases the
poorest conductors of heat.
The law of conservation and transformation of
energy is the chief basis of engineering practice.
二、重复省略的部分
Water has the property of dissolving sugar,sugar
the property of being dissolved by water.
High voltage is necessary for long transmission
line while low voltage for safe use.
翻译技巧（七） 被动语态的译法
英语中被动语态使用范围很广，凡是在不必或不愿
说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为
了强调动作的承受者等场合，往往都用被动语态。英语
被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况：
一、译成汉语被动句
The first stage of a rocket is thrown away only
minutes after the rocket takes off,
The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to
its pressure if the temperature is held constant.
The moon,as well as the stars and the sun,is
made use of by the mariner to find his latitude
and longitude at sea.
Only a small part of sun’s energy reaching the
earth is used by us.
Besides voltage,resistance and capacitance,an
alternating current is also influenced by
inductance.
Many casting defects are caused by expansion
properties of sand,
二、译成汉语主动句
1,译成有主语的主动句
A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.
To explore the moon’s surface,Rockets were
launched again and again.
2,译成无主语的主动句
When work is done against friction,heat is
produced.
By using this new process the loss of metal was
reduced to 20 per cent.
Care should be taken at all times to protect the
instrument from dust and damp.
翻译技巧（八） 英语长句的译法
英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念,而汉
语则不同,常常使用若干短句,作层次分明的叙述。因此,
在进行英译汉时,要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异,将
英语的长句分解,翻译成汉语的短句。
1,顺序法
当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时,可
以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。
Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are
fast asleep,electricity is working for us,driving our
refrigerators,heating our water,or keeping our
rooms air-conditioned,
But now it is realized that supplies of some of
them are limited,and it is even possible to give a
reasonable estimate of their,expectation of life”,
the time it will take to exhaust all known sources
and reserves of these materials,
2.逆序法
英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同,甚
至完全相反,这时必须从原文后面开始翻译。
Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth
century,because nowhere in nature is it found free,
owing to its always being combined with other
elements,most commonly with oxygen,for which it
has a strong affinity,
3.分句法
有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十
分密切,翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯,把长句的
从句或短语化成句子,分开来叙述,为了使语意连贯,有时
需要适当增加词语。
The number of the young people in the United
States who can't read is incredible about one in
four,
Television,it is often said,keeps one informed
about current events,allow one to follow the latest
developments in science and politics,and offers an
endless series of programmes which are both
instructive and entertaining,
4.综合法
在翻译一个英语长句时,并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方
法,而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用,这在我们上面所举的
例子中也有所体现。尤其是在一些情况下,一些英语长句单纯
采用上述任何一种方法都不方便,这就需要我们的仔细分析,
或按照时间的先后,或按照逻辑顺序,顺逆结合,主次分明地对
全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句
子。
Modern scientific and technical books,especially
textbooks,requires revision at short intervals if their
authors wish to keep pace with new ideas,observations
and discoveries.
Tel,0515-3127908
Email,lhmyg@sina.com
翻译技巧（六） 重复译法
重复译法是指翻译时重复原文中某些词，使译文表
达明确具体。这是因为有些词在英语中是不必重复的，
但在汉语中却必须重复，否则就会造成文理不通或逻辑
混乱。
一、重复共同部分
1.重复共同修饰的名词
Gas,oil,and electric furnaces are most commonly
used for heat treating metal,
The charges of nucleus and electrons are equal so
that the atom is electrically neutral.
2,重复共同的动词
Alternating current flows first in one direction
and then in the other,the reversals taking place
many times a second.
Plant growth needs sunshine,air and water as
well.
3,重复共用的宾语
Engineers have to analyze and solve design
problems.
4,重复共同的定语
Metals are the best conductors and gases the
poorest conductors of heat.
The law of conservation and transformation of
energy is the chief basis of engineering practice.
二、重复省略的部分
Water has the property of dissolving sugar,sugar
the property of being dissolved by water.
High voltage is necessary for long transmission
line while low voltage for safe use.
翻译技巧（七） 被动语态的译法
英语中被动语态使用范围很广，凡是在不必或不愿
说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为
了强调动作的承受者等场合，往往都用被动语态。英语
被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况：
一、译成汉语被动句
The first stage of a rocket is thrown away only
minutes after the rocket takes off,
The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to
its pressure if the temperature is held constant.
The moon,as well as the stars and the sun,is
made use of by the mariner to find his latitude
and longitude at sea.
Only a small part of sun’s energy reaching the
earth is used by us.
Besides voltage,resistance and capacitance,an
alternating current is also influenced by
inductance.
Many casting defects are caused by expansion
properties of sand,
二、译成汉语主动句
1,译成有主语的主动句
A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.
To explore the moon’s surface,Rockets were
launched again and again.
2,译成无主语的主动句
When work is done against friction,heat is
produced.
By using this new process the loss of metal was
reduced to 20 per cent.
Care should be taken at all times to protect the
instrument from dust and damp.
翻译技巧（八） 英语长句的译法
英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念,而汉
语则不同,常常使用若干短句,作层次分明的叙述。因此,
在进行英译汉时,要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异,将
英语的长句分解,翻译成汉语的短句。
1,顺序法
当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时,可
以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。
Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are
fast asleep,electricity is working for us,driving our
refrigerators,heating our water,or keeping our
rooms air-conditioned,
But now it is realized that supplies of some of
them are limited,and it is even possible to give a
reasonable estimate of their,expectation of life”,
the time it will take to exhaust all known sources
and reserves of these materials,
2.逆序法
英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同,甚
至完全相反,这时必须从原文后面开始翻译。
Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth
century,because nowhere in nature is it found free,
owing to its always being combined with other
elements,most commonly with oxygen,for which it
has a strong affinity,
3.分句法
有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十
分密切,翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯,把长句的
从句或短语化成句子,分开来叙述,为了使语意连贯,有时
需要适当增加词语。
The number of the young people in the United
States who can't read is incredible about one in
four,
Television,it is often said,keeps one informed
about current events,allow one to follow the latest
developments in science and politics,and offers an
endless series of programmes which are both
instructive and entertaining,
4.综合法
在翻译一个英语长句时,并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方
法,而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用,这在我们上面所举的
例子中也有所体现。尤其是在一些情况下,一些英语长句单纯
采用上述任何一种方法都不方便,这就需要我们的仔细分析,
或按照时间的先后,或按照逻辑顺序,顺逆结合,主次分明地对
全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句
子。
Modern scientific and technical books,especially
textbooks,requires revision at short intervals if their
authors wish to keep pace with new ideas,observations
and discoveries.
