高级英语试题（四） Part I Vocabulary (30%) Section 1 Explain the underlined word or phrase in each of the following sentences. (20%). A group of Chinese victims of World War II armed with lawyers went to Japan to attest to the court war crimes by the then Japanese government. It has been established that she was not at the scene at the time of the crime. The committee adjourned their discussion until the following week. He cloaked his evil intentions with friendly appearance. The United States made every effort to enlist the support of its allies to overthrow of the existing Iraqi government. He was overwhelmed by grief after the sad news. The opposition parties are sure to exploit the government’s difficulties over this issue. Some Chinese companies are striving to penetrate the world market. 9. The chairman gave his assent of the proposal to the committee. 10.Large areas of land have been contaminated by the leakage from the nuclear reactor. 11. What conceivable reason could they have for doing such crazy things? Obsolete views obstructed the process of restructuring the enterprise. Demonstrations erupted after the company’s announcement of a staff reduction by 2000. The underlying problems leading to the disputes between Palestine and Israel must be fully solved before real peace becomes possible. The former Yugoslav president was indicted for manslaughter during the war in Kosovo. Hopes of a peaceful settlement of the Palestine-Israel land dispute are fading away. I am sick of their eternal complaints. The government has succumbed to pressure from the press. The two Houses of Congress have concurred in the tax proposal by the president. The government’s refusal to apply the law brought him into conflict with the federal government. Section 2 Choose the best word or phrase to complete the sentence (10%). Those who got to know him better ________ his openness and honesty. a. teemed with b. swarmed with c. warmed to d. warm-hearted to He has made a declaration to the ________ that all fighting must cease at once. a. following b. fact c. point d. effect ________ of each other, the two men flashed past on their separate missions. a. Obvious b. Obscure c. Oblivious d. Obstinate He loves such gatherings, at which he has chances to rub ________ with young people and exchange opinions with them on various subjects. a. hands b. arms c. soles d. shoulders The comments came in ________ to specific questions often asked by the local newspaper. a. reference b. prospect c. response d. supply They have made ________ of getting as many contacts as possible with ordinary people. a. an answer b. an issue c. a point d. a comment If a person writes poetry, it naturally ________ that he must understand poetry. a. is b. comes c. is true d. follows I was experiencing a twinge of nervousness at the ________ of performing on the stage. a. sight b. perspective c. prospective d. prospect He resigned ________ the accusation that he had stolen from the company. a. on the part of b. at the sight of c. in the wake of d. in answer to The Labor Party ________ the development of economy as complete victory. a. claimed b. shouted c. high-tailed d. hailed She has ________ the choice of dresses to three or four fashionable ones. a. come down to b. narrowed down c. beat down d. cut down The foreign visitors said that they would like to ________ shoulders with ordinary Chinese people. a. run b. shrug c. rub d. brush Scientists from the two countries ________ in developing the vaccine. a. concurred b. occurred c. consented d. converted I felt myself ________ towards this big friendly man who had done so much to help us. a. swarming b. warming c. walking d. overwhelming There were heavy losses of property ________ of the flood. a. at the end b. in the wake c. for the sake d. to the accompaniment It is a point of ________ for me to repay all my debt. a. face b. order c. grace d. honor He was extremely nervous at the ________ of his turn to make the presentation. a. perspective b. prospect c. prospective d. potential I have been ________ the idea of leaving my job. a. fleeing from b. flirting with c. playing with d. coming up with Under Darrow’s quiet questioning, he acknowledged believing the Bible literally, and the crowd ________ his defiant replies with fervent “Amens.” a. criticized b. punctuated c. condemned d. highlighted He ________ his evil intention with friendly appearance. a. disclosed b. revealed c. concealed d. uncovered Part II Cloze (10%) passage 1 From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his ___1___ to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade., but for making money, his pen would prove ___2___ than his pickax. In the spring of 1864, less than two years after joining the Territorial Enterprise, he boarded the stagecoach ___3___ San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writes. Mark Twain ___4___ and experimented with his new writing ___5___ , but had to leave the city for a while because of some scathing columns he wrote. Attacks of the city government, concerning such issues as mistreatment of Chinese, ___6___ angered officials that he fled to the gold-fields in the Sacramento Valley. His descriptions of the rough-country settlers there ring familiarly in modern world ___7___ trend setting on the West Coast. “It was a splendid population---for all the slow, sleepy, ___8___ sloths stayed at home ... It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises and rushing them through ___9___ a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences, which she ___10___ onto this day---and when she projected a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says ,“Well, that is California all over.” 1. a. channel b. route c. hole d. way 2. a. powerful b. mighty c. mightier d. forceful 3. a. to b. for c. from d. at 4. a. tried b. hoed c. hoped d. honed 5. a. muscles b. articles c. practice d. strength 6. a. that b. which c. so d. such 7. a. succumbed to b. accustomed to c. scattered over d. flirting with 8. a. slowly-brain b. sluggish-brain c. slowly-brained d. sluggish-brained 9. a. for b. through c. by d. with 10.a. holds b. owns c. bears d. possesses Passage 2 By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1500 people had ___11___ a circus atmosphere. The buildings along the main street were festooned ___12___ banners. The streets around the three-storey red brick law court ___13___ with rickety stands selling hot dogs, religious books and watermelons. Evangelists set up tents to exhort the passersby. People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan ___14___ the “infidel outsiders”. Among them was John Butler, who had drawn up the anti-evolution law. Butler was a 49-year-old farmer who before his election had never been ___15___ his native county. The ___16___ judge was John Raulston, a florid-faced man who announced: “I’m just a regular mountaineer judge.” Bryan, aging and paunchy, ___17___ in his prosecution by his son, also a lawyer, and Tennessee’s brilliant young attorney-general, Tom Stewart. Besides the shrewd 68-year-old Darrow, my ___18___ included the handsome and magnetic Dudley Field Malone, 43, and Arthur Garfield Hays, quiet, scholarly and steeped ___19___ the law. In a trial in which religion played a key role, Darrow was an agnostic, Malone a Catholic and Hays a Jew. My father had come from Kentucky to be with me for the trial. The judge called for a local minister to open the session with prayer and the trial got ___20___. Of the 12 jurors, three had never read any book except the Bible. One couldn’t read. As my father growled, “That is one hell a jury!” 11. a. appeared b. got on c. taken on d. looked like 12. a. with b. by c. in d. throughout 13. a. shot up b. sprouted c. lined d. covered 14. a. for b. against c. by d. with 15. a. to b. out c. out of d. away 16. a. precise b. presiding c. presided d. president 17. a. being assisted b. was assistant c. with the help d. was assisted 18. a. counsel b. advisers c. group d. team 19. a. at b. deep into c. with d. in 20. a. on the way b. under discussion c. under way d. into consideration Part III Error correction (10%) Directions: In the following passage there are 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. Read the passage and correct the mistakes. If you change a word, cross it out and write the substitute in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put the insertion mark ( ^ ) in the right place and write the word you want to add in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash ( / ) in the blank. Mark your answers clearly on the Answer Sheet. The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst features of Communism. It is devoid all theme and principle 1. __________ except appetite and racial domination. It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression. No one has been a less consistent opponent of 2. __________ Communism than I am for the last 25 years. I will unsay no 3. __________ word that I have spoken about it. But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding. The past, with its crimes, its fools, and its tragedies, flashes away. I see the Russian 4. __________ soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled on from time immemorial. 5. __________ I see them guarding their homes where mothers and wives pray--- ah, yes, for there are times when all pray--- to the safety of their 6. _________ loved ones, the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector. I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wring so hardly from the soil, but where 7. _________ there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play. I see advanced upon all this in hideous onslaught 8. __________ the Nazi war machine, with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers, its crafty expert agents fresh from the cowing and tying down of dozen countries. I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brute masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a 9. __________ swarm of crawling locusts. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting many a British whipping, 10. __________ delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey. Part IV Paraphrase (20%) little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was. I thought somehow I had been spared. the prospect of a good catch looked bleak which means we are silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard To come to the question another way Let redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain. Mark Twain digested the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. The case erupted round my head. 10. Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponder whether they might be related. Part V Reading Comprehension (15%) Passage 1 Questions l through 6 are based on the following passage. Although the period that we call the Renaissance began in Italy in the fourteenth century, this idea of rebirth in learning characterized other epochs in history in different parts of the world. In 800A.D.Charlemagne became king of the Franks and initiated the Carolingian Renaissance, a period which saw beautiful and more modern cities patterned on Roman architecture. His improvements in instruction for boys expanded the educationa1 system, helped maintain Roman culture, and continued a society in Western Europe, as well as created libraries (a carryover from Alexandrian Egypt of 323B.C.). Kievan Russia also enjoyed a period of rebirth some 200 years later under the able rule of Yaroslav the Wise. Like Charlemagne, he founded schools, established libraries, and brought about many architectural achievements. 1. Which was the earliest period of rebirth mentioned? (A) Russian (C) Carolingian (B) Italian (D) Roman 2. Which city did Charlemagne 1ook upon as a model for his architectural improvements? (A) Kiev (C) Carolingian (B) Rome (D) Frank 3. Which of the following was not mentioned as a characteristic of the Renaissance movement? (A) maintaining the status quo (B) improved education (C)architectural advances (D)creation of libraries 4. How many centuries separated the Kievan and the Italian Renaissance? (A)2 (B)3 (C)4 (D)5 5.What can we assume about Yaroslav? (A) He was demented. (B) He was a competent leader. (C) He was inept. (D) He was cruel. 6.Thc word carryover in this selection most nearly means (A) remnant (B) residue (C)innovation (D)barbarism Passage 2 Questions 7 through 10 are based on the following reading. Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the substance used to make a jellylike salad or dessert. Not only is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is also commonly used in the photographic industry and in making medicinal capsules. The process for producing gelatin is a long and complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones, which varies slightly from that of gelatin made from skin, the grease first must be eliminated. Then, the bones are soaked in a solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals and are washed several times in water. Next, the bones are placed in distilled water, heated to over 90oF for a few hours, placed in fresh distilled water, and then heated again at a little over lOOoF. A fluid forms from this heating, and it is concentrated, chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its anal form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless. 7.What can we assume from this reading passage? . Gelatin made from skin is produced in the same way as that made from bones. Is this statement true? Why? 9.What do you think would be the best title for this passage? 10.Which of the following industries is not mentioned as using gelatin? (A)lawn care (C)pharmaceutical (B)photographic (D)food Passage 3 Questions 11 through 15 are based on the following reading. In recent Years, scientific and technological developments have drastically changed human life on our planet, as we11 as our views both of ourselves as individuals in society and of the universe as a whole. Maybe one of the most profound developments of the last decade-is the discovery of recombinant DNA technology, which allows scientists to introduce genetic material (or genes) from one organism into another. In its simplest form, the technology requires the isolation of a piece of DNA, either directly from the DNA of the organism under study, or artificially synthesized from an RNA template, by using a viral enzyme called reverse transcriptase. This piece of DNA is then ligated to a fragment of bacterial DNA which has the capacity to replicate itself independently. The recombinant molecule thus produced can be introduced into the common intestinal bacterium Escherishchia coli, WHich can be grown in very large amounts in synthetic media. Under proper conditions, the foreign gene will not only replicate in the bacteria, but also express itself, through the process of transcription and translation, to give rise to large amounts of the specific protein coded by the foreign gene. The technology has already been successfully applied to the production of several therapeutically important biomolecules, such as insulin, interferon, and growth hormones. Many other important applications are under detailed investigation in laboratories throughout the world. 11.Recombiant DNA technology consists primarily of (A)producing several therapeutically important biomolecules (B)giving rise to large amounts of protein (C)introducing genetic material from one organism into another (D)using a viral enzyme called reverse transcriptase 12.Recombinant DNA technology has been used in the production of all of the following biomolecules except (A)growth hormones (C)interferon (B)Escherishchia coli (D)insulin 13.Which of the following is not true? (A)The foreign gene will replicate in the bacteria, but it will not express itself through transcription and translation. (B)The bacterium Escherischia coli can be grown in large amounts in synthetic media. (C)Research continues in an effort to find other uses for this technology. (D)Recombinant DNA technology is a recent development. 14.Expression of a gene in Escherischia coli requires (A)the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase (B)the process of transcription and translation (C)production of insulin and other biomolecules (D)that the bacteria be grown in a synthetic media 15.Why is the term recombinant used? Part IV Translation (15%) 1. 集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有。 2．四川话和和湖北话很相似，有时难以区别。 3．他指望他们给与支持。 4．对贫困的担心使他忧虑重重。 5．他估计手头的侦察员只有三至五人。 6．为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。 7．一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友。 8．很清楚，德国法西斯企图使那个地区的人民屈服于他们的统治。 9．新上演的那出话剧充分表现了中国人民大无畏的革命精神。 10．他认为这两个观点是可以一致起来的。