虚拟语气
Subjunctive
Mood
四川建筑职业技术学院
基础科学系
黄文韬
虚拟语气
?虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
?虚拟语气的倒装结构
?虚拟语气用于其他从句
I,虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
? 与现在事实相反的假设
? 与过去事实相反的假设
? 与将来事实相反的假设
? 错综时间条件句
BACK
I) 与现在事实相反的假设
句型,
条件从句 主句
V.一般过去时 should(would.might)+V,
be变为 were
E.g,If they were here,they would help you,
If I didn’t live near my office,I would
spend much time traveling to work,
BACK
II) 与过去事实相反的假设
句型,
条件从句 主句
V.过去完成时 should (would ) have +p.p,
E.g,If she had worked harder,she would have
succeeded,
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday,he
would have prevented me from going,
If he had come yesterday,I should/would told him
about it,
BACK
III) 同将来事实相反的假设
句型,
条件从句 主句
V.一般过去时 should+V,
Were +不定式 would+V,
Should +V,
E.g,If you succeeded,everything would be
all right,
If you should succeed,everything would be
all right,
If you were to succeed,everything would be
all right,
BACK
IV).错综时间条件句
条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作发生的时
间不一致,这时主、从谓语动词的虚拟预期
形
式因时间不同而不同
E.g,If you had asked him yesterday,you
would know what to do now,
If it had rained last night,it would be very
cold today,
BACK
II,虚拟语气的倒装结构
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were,should
或 had,可将 if省略,再把 were,should或 had提
到句首,进行倒装。
E.g,Were they here now,they could help us,
=If they were here now,they could help us,
Had you come earlier,you would have met him,
=If you had come earlier,you would have
met him,
BACK
IV,虚拟语气用于其他从句
? 用在表示要求、建议、命令、愿望等意思
的主语从句中
? 用在表示要求、建议、命令、愿望等意思
的宾语从句中
? 用在 Wish从句中
I） 用在表示要求、建议、命令、愿
望等意思的主语从句中
基本结构,
It is + 表示要求、建议、命令、愿望等意思
的 形容词或过去分词 +that 从句
常见词汇,suggested,ordered,proposed,
required,demanded,requested,insisted
important,necessary,natural,strange
E.g,It is suggested that we (should)
hold a
meeting next week,
It is requested that all students be
present at the meeting tomorrow,
It is necessary that he (should) come
to our meeting next Monday,
II) 用在表示命令、建议、要求、愿
望等意思的宾语从句当中
常见动词,
order,suggest,propose,require,demand,
request,insist,urge
E.g,I suggested that we (should) hold
a meeting next week,
He insisted that he (should) be sent
there,
However,as soon as World War II
ended,Einstein urged that atomic
energy be put to peaceful uses,
III) Wish从句中的用法
? 表示现在的愿望，从句谓语用过去时,be
为 were example— >
? 表示过去的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时
或 would have+p.p,example— >
? 表示将来的愿望,从句的谓语用
could/would + V 或 were doing
example— >
E.g,I wish I knew what to say in cases
like this,
I wish I knew some French,so that I
could make things clearer than the
interpreter,
BACK
E.g.I wished it had not occurred,but it did,
I wish I had given more attention to my
study of English,
I wish I could have gone with you last night,
BACK
E.g,I wish he would not invite me to go
fishing everyday,
BACK
FIN
Subjunctive
Mood
四川建筑职业技术学院
基础科学系
黄文韬
虚拟语气
?虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
?虚拟语气的倒装结构
?虚拟语气用于其他从句
I,虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
? 与现在事实相反的假设
? 与过去事实相反的假设
? 与将来事实相反的假设
? 错综时间条件句
BACK
I) 与现在事实相反的假设
句型,
条件从句 主句
V.一般过去时 should(would.might)+V,
be变为 were
E.g,If they were here,they would help you,
If I didn’t live near my office,I would
spend much time traveling to work,
BACK
II) 与过去事实相反的假设
句型,
条件从句 主句
V.过去完成时 should (would ) have +p.p,
E.g,If she had worked harder,she would have
succeeded,
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday,he
would have prevented me from going,
If he had come yesterday,I should/would told him
about it,
BACK
III) 同将来事实相反的假设
句型,
条件从句 主句
V.一般过去时 should+V,
Were +不定式 would+V,
Should +V,
E.g,If you succeeded,everything would be
all right,
If you should succeed,everything would be
all right,
If you were to succeed,everything would be
all right,
BACK
IV).错综时间条件句
条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作发生的时
间不一致,这时主、从谓语动词的虚拟预期
形
式因时间不同而不同
E.g,If you had asked him yesterday,you
would know what to do now,
If it had rained last night,it would be very
cold today,
BACK
II,虚拟语气的倒装结构
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were,should
或 had,可将 if省略,再把 were,should或 had提
到句首,进行倒装。
E.g,Were they here now,they could help us,
=If they were here now,they could help us,
Had you come earlier,you would have met him,
=If you had come earlier,you would have
met him,
BACK
IV,虚拟语气用于其他从句
? 用在表示要求、建议、命令、愿望等意思
的主语从句中
? 用在表示要求、建议、命令、愿望等意思
的宾语从句中
? 用在 Wish从句中
I） 用在表示要求、建议、命令、愿
望等意思的主语从句中
基本结构,
It is + 表示要求、建议、命令、愿望等意思
的 形容词或过去分词 +that 从句
常见词汇,suggested,ordered,proposed,
required,demanded,requested,insisted
important,necessary,natural,strange
E.g,It is suggested that we (should)
hold a
meeting next week,
It is requested that all students be
present at the meeting tomorrow,
It is necessary that he (should) come
to our meeting next Monday,
II) 用在表示命令、建议、要求、愿
望等意思的宾语从句当中
常见动词,
order,suggest,propose,require,demand,
request,insist,urge
E.g,I suggested that we (should) hold
a meeting next week,
He insisted that he (should) be sent
there,
However,as soon as World War II
ended,Einstein urged that atomic
energy be put to peaceful uses,
III) Wish从句中的用法
? 表示现在的愿望，从句谓语用过去时,be
为 were example— >
? 表示过去的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时
或 would have+p.p,example— >
? 表示将来的愿望,从句的谓语用
could/would + V 或 were doing
example— >
E.g,I wish I knew what to say in cases
like this,
I wish I knew some French,so that I
could make things clearer than the
interpreter,
BACK
E.g.I wished it had not occurred,but it did,
I wish I had given more attention to my
study of English,
I wish I could have gone with you last night,
BACK
E.g,I wish he would not invite me to go
fishing everyday,
BACK
FIN
