Grammar Exercise One 非谓语动词 1. You still have a lot ________ if you'll forgive my ________ so. A) to learn/saying B) learning/saying C) learning/to say D) to learn/to say 2. There is no point ________ to persuade him to do anything. A) to try B) in trying C) of trying D) if you try 3. How can the boy stand ________ like that? A) treating B) be treated C) it treated D) being treated 4. I can't imagine anything ________ to him. A) happen B) happening C) to happen D) happened 5. ________ such a good chance, how could she let it slip away? A) Having given B) Giving C) Having been given D) Given 6. That car was caught in a traffic jam, ________ the delay. A) that causing B) thus causing C) that caused D) it causing 7. The decision ________, the next problem was how to make a good plan. A) being made B) made C) having made D) having been made 8. This program will examine the writer’s book in detail，—————an introduction to her life. A) following B) having followed C) being followed D)to be followed. 9.Michael used to look hurt and surprised when____ A) scolding B)to scold C) having scolded D)scolded 10.After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys____ to go to school. A) to be encouraged B) been encouraged C) being encouraged D) be encouraged 11.When I caught him_____ I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another stop. A) cheating B) cheat C) to cheat D) to be cheating 12. I remember _____to help us if we ever got into trouble. A) once offering B) him once offering C) him to offer D) to offer him 13.Mr smith advised us to withdraw_____ A) so that to get not involved B) so as to get not involved C) so as not to get involved D) so that not to get involved 14.I have heard both teachers and students _____well of him. A) to speak B) spoken C) to have spoken D) speak 15.If you don’t like to swim, you_____ stay at home. A) should as well B) may as well C) can as well D) would as well 16. This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, ______ both wind –resistant and adapted to the same type of soil. A) being B) to be C) been D)having been 17. The computer works very fast, _______ data at the speed of light. A) having handled B) handled C) handling D) handles 18. ______ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth. A) Having believed B) Believed C) Believing D) Being believed 19. Having no many but ____ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. A) not to want anyone B) wanted no one C) not wanting anyone D) to want no one 20. The speaker, ____ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience. A) having known B) being known C) knowing D) known 21. While _______ the sun, the satellite has sent more than four billion bits of information back to earth. A) having orbited B) having been orbited C) being orbited D) orbiting 22. _______ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seen high at all. A) When compared B) While comparing C) Compare D) Comparing 23. _______ in a seemingly endless war, the general was forced to evaluate the situation again. A) Since the loss of 50,000 soldiers B) Because of 50,000 soldiers having lost C) Having lost over 50,000 soldiers D) 50,000 soldiers were lost 24. ______ such a good chance, he planned to learn more. A) To be given B) Having been given C) Having given D) Giving 25. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ____ it closely. A) followed B) following C) to follow D) being followed 26. _____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. A) Other things being equal B) To be equal to other things C) Were other things equal D) Other things to be equal 27. A new technique _____, the yield as a whole increased by 20 per cent. A) working out B) having worked out C) having been worked out D) to have been worked out 28. If I correct someone, I will do it with as much good humor and self-restraint as if I were the one ______. A) to correct B) correcting C) having corrected D) being corrected 29. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose. A) wondered B) wonder C) to wonder D) wondering 30. The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on. A) to be informed B) informed C) on informing D) informing 31. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A) having been fined B) to be fined C) to have been fined D) being fined 32. They are considering ______ before the prices go up. A) of buying the house B) buying the house C) with buying the house D) to buy the house 33. If I had remembered ______ the window, the thief would not have got in. A) to close B) to have closed C) closing D) having closed 34. Your hair wants _____. You’d better have it done tomorrow. A) cut B) cutting C) to cut D) being cut 35. There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ____ trouble. A) making B) to have made C) to make D) having made 36. Ann never dreams of ____ of her to be sent abroad very soon. A) there being a chance B) there be a chance C) there to be a chance D) being a chance 37. It is no use ______ me not to worry. A) you tell B) for you to have told C) your telling D) having told 38. My sister’s professor had her _____ paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee. A) rewritten B) rewrite C) to rewrite D) rewriting 39. In the course of a day students do far more than just ______ classes. A) attend B) to attend C) attended D) attending 40. Mrs. Brown is supposed ______ for Italy last week. A) to have left B) to leave C) to be leaving D) to have been left Grammar Exercises Two Subjunctive Mood 考点一：subjunctive mood 用于非真实条件句 I _______talk that way if I were Peter. A) didn’t B) won’t C) wouldn’t D) couldn’t Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she thinks that if she _______ a job she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often. A) has to get B) were to get C) had got D) could have got If Watergate ______Nixon would not have resigned. A) had not occurred B) didn’t not occur C) was not occurring D) would not occur Had he worked harder, he _______ the exams. A) must have got through B) would have got through C) would get through D) could get through _________ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A) had they arrived B) would they arrive C) were they to arrive D) were they arriving they business is risky. But _______, we would be rich. A) should we succeed B) might we succeed C) would we succeed D) could we succeed If it ________________ too much trouble, I’d love a cup of tea. A) isn’t B) wasn’t C) weren’t D) hadn’t been 考点二： 用于含蓄虚拟条件句：不通过if 从句明显地表达出来，而是隐含在副词、介词短语或上下文中，经常表示这种含蓄条件句的有otherwise, or, with, without, but for等。 8. We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we _______him. A) would have telephoned B) must have telephoned C) would telephone D) had telephoned He must have had an accident, or he ______ them. A) would have been here B) had to be here C) should be here D) would be here Nelson ______ the fight, with a little more training and a better manager. A) would win B) had won C) could have won D)won he told me how he had given me shelter and food without which I _______ of hunger. A) will die B) would die C) would be died D) would have died ________ the fog, we should have reached our destination in time. A) because of B) in spite of C) in case of D) but for 考点三： 用于错综时间条件句 13. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops _____ still better. A) should have grown B) would be grown C) would be growing D) could be grown 14.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ______ our chairman now. A) would have been B) must have been C) were D) would be If you ______ Jerry Brown until recently, you would think the photograph on the right was strange. A) shouldn’t contact B)didn’t contact C) weren’t contact D) hadn’t contacted _______ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. A) had it not been B) were it not C) be it not D) should it not be I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______ fully occupied the whole of last week. A) were B) had been C) have been D) was 18. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you ______now. A) couldn’t have smiled B) wouldn’t be smiling C) didn’t smile D) won’t smile 考点四：用于wish 后的that 从句中或if only感叹句中 19. These typewritten papers are very neat. I wish I ______type, too, but I don’t know how. A) can B) may C) will D) could 20.If only that photograph ________. A) weren’t missing B) isn’t missing C) would not miss D) doesn’t miss I wish I ________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A) have slept B) slept C) might have slept D) could have slept Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ________ your advice. A) follow B) had followed C) would follow D) have followed 注： hope后的that-从 句用陈述语气。 例：I hope that he arrive/will arrive on time. 考点五 在would rater, would sooner, would just as soon 后的从句中。 23. To be frank ,I’d rather you ______ in the case. A) not to be involved B) not involved C) will not be involved D) were not involved 24. I would (just) as soon that John ______rudely to me. A) would speak B) speak C) hadn’t spoken D) spoke 考点六：用于某些表示愿望（desire, prefer）、建议(advise, move, propose, suggest, recommend)、要求请求（ask, beg, insist, maintain, oblige, request, require, urge）、命令( command, decree, dictate, direct, order, stipulate)、决定(decide, determine, resolve) 等意义的动词或名词之后的that 从句中。 25. He suggested _______ to tomorrow’s exhibition together. A) us to go B) we went C) we shall go D) we go it is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparations have been made. A) not be started B) will not be started C) is not started D) is not to be started 27. we desire that the tour leader ______ us immediately of any change in plans. A) inform B) informs C) informed D) has informed 28. In the past men generally preferred that their wives _____ in the home. A) worked B) would work C) work D) were working 29. the mother flatly rejected my suggestion that she ______ her daughter the next week. A) met B) meet C) be met D) has met 30. the angry teacher gave the order that nobody ______ the classroom before twelve. A) would leave B) left C) had left D) leave 考点七：用于一些形容词后( advisable, anxious, appropriate, better, compulsory, concerned, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural necessary, obligatory, proper, reasonable, urgent, wiling) 的that从句中. 31.it was essential that the application forms ______ back before the deadline. A) must be sent B) would be sent C) be sent D) were sent 32. I don’t think it advisable that Tim ______ to the job since he has no experience . A) is assigned B)will be assigned C) be assigned D) has been assigned 33. the board deemed it urgent that these files _____ right away. A) had to be printed B) should have been printed C) must be printed D) should be printed 注：在amazing, incredible, odd, ridiculous, strange, surprising, unthinkable 等形容词后的that 从句中 以及有些名词如（ shame, pity, no wonder）后的that 从句中，,should 含有惊奇、不满的语气，一般不省略. 34. it is very strange that he ______ without saying good-bye. A) left B) should leave C) leave D) should have left. 35．It’s ridiculous that he _____like that. A) to behave B) behaving C) behaves D) should behave 36. it is a shame that he _______ that poor little girl. A) deceived B) should deceive C) deceive D) deceiving 考点八：用于it is (about/high/getting) time后that从句中 37. it’s already 5 o’clock now. don’t you think it’s about time ______? A) we are going home B) we go home C) we went home D) we can go home 38. it seems to be high time that this argument _______ put to an end. A) must B) is C) were D) should 比较：it’s time to start work (陈述语气) 考点九： 在as if //as though 从句中 39. I feel as if I already ______ inside me all the medicine that could cure the illness. A) had B) have C) be had D) being had 40. They operated the new computer as if they ________ skilled workers. A) be B) had been C) was being D) had been being 41. Some days go by much more quickly than others. Some hours seems as if they ________. A) would never end B) should never end C) might never end D) may be never ended 考点十： 用于某些状语从句中，主要由lest, incase, for fear that, in order that, so that, unless, supposing, provided, on condition that 等引导。 42．Every attention must be paid to him, lest he ______ that he is inferior to my other guests. A) felt B) feel C) would D) feels 43. He handled the instrument with care for fear that it _______ damaged. A) were B) may be C) should be D) would be 44. The juvenile offender was released from custody on condition that he ______ a job immediately and _____out of trouble for six months. A) found …stayed B) find…..stay C) find….stays D) finds….stay 45. what would you do supposing the guaranteed yield________? A) hadn’t reached B) had not been reached C) didn’t reach D) weren’t reached Grammar Exercises Three Agreement Between the Subject and the Predicate Verb 考点一 一般情况下，and 连接两个名词做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但有些情况下，and 连接的两个名词指同一事物，同一人物，同一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。通常，如果两个名词只有一个限定词或无限定词修饰时，它们常常表示一个概念,谓语用单数，如果两个名词前分别有两个限定词修饰时，他们往往表示两个不同概念,谓语用复数。此外，单数名词前有each， every ,no 等词修饰并由and连接的并列主语；用many a，more than one修饰的主语谓语仍用单数形式。 1．The singer and dancer---- our evening. A.is to attend B.are to attend C.were to attend D.is attended 2.No boy and no girl ----admitted to enter the room. A.is B.are C.have D.have been 3．More than one------ dismissed. A.have been B.has been C.are D.has 4.Many a boy -------- to swim before he can read. A.learn B.learns C.learned D.have learned 5．Ham and eggs -----a hearty breakfast for a growing boy. A.make B.makes C.have made D.ware made 6． Many a student ---- going to take part in CET-6 next month. A. is B. were C. are D. was 7. Many a man-----life is meaningless without purpose. A. think B. thinks C. thought D. has 考点二. 如作主语的单数名词后有下列词组或词组修饰时，谓语动词仍用单数形式：with, along with, together with, besides, as well as, in addition to, accompanied by, rather than, but 等. 8. Professor Wu, with three lecturers, _______ attending a symposium( 专题讨论会)in Shanghai on energy now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 9. Max, along with the three men, ----- to represent the union at the meeting. A. is B. are C. be D. to be 10.------to the Exhibition. A. All but he and I are going B. All but he and I am going C. All but he and me are going D. All but him and me am going 11.He as well as his sisters -----you. A .agree with B. agree to C. agrees with D. are to agree 12.Dr. Smith, together with his wife and two sons, to arrive on the evening flight. A. are B. are going C. is D. will be 考点三 表示时间、重量、长度、 价格、数字，以及国家、单位、和书报名称等的复数形式名词做主语时，都看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。两数相减或相除、动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，动词可用单数也可用复数。 13. Three hours------the limit of this examination. A. is B. were C. are D. was 14. His Selected Poems -----first published in 1992. A. was B. were C. had been D. are thought 15.Twenty-five dollars----too much to pay for that shirt. A.is B.are C.have D.were 16.Forty minus fifteen ----- twenty five. A . leave B. leaving C leaves D left 17.Forty divided by eight ---- five. is B are C be D were 18.Twenty minutes----too short a time to finish this test. A.is B.are C.have D.were D 连词 or, either or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but…连接两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词必须和靠它近的一个名词或代词取得一致，这就是就近一致原则。 20.Either John or his wife -------breakfast each morning. A.make B.made C.have made D.makes 21.Neither Bill nor his parents ----- at home. A.is B.was C.has D.are 22.Not only the switches but also the old wiring---- . A.have replaced B.has replaced C.have been replaced D.has been replaced 23.Not you but your leader -------- responsible for the defeat. A.are B.is C.were D.has 考点四. 在“There be …”句型中谓语动词的单复数形式一般取决于随后的实意主语的形式：实意主语为复数动词用复数；实意主语为单数动词用单数；当用作实意主语的名词词组是个并列结构时只要第一个并列成分不是复数，谓语就可以用单数。着也是就近原则在起作用。 24. There---more leisure and money about, so travel -----become available to many people. A. is / has B. are / has C. is / have D. are / have 考点五. 引导定语 从句的关系代词做主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与主句中先行词的人称和数一致。在“one of +复数名词+who（that ，which）引导的定语从句”中，关系代词的先行词是复数名词，因而定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式。如果one前面有the,the only等修饰语 ，先行词是one， 定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 25.Xiao Li is one of the students who------ always on time. A.is B.were C.are D.was 26.John is the only one of the staff members who ------- to be transferred. A.is going B.are going C.have been going D.has been going 27. I, Who ------- your friend, will try my best to help you. A.am B.be C.is D.being 28. It is not I but you who------the first to run to the goal in that competition. A. is B. was C. are D. is going to 29. John is the only one of the students who----to France. A. has been B. have been C. had been D. has being 考点六. 以“s”结尾的名词，形式上是复数，实际上有不少是表示单数。因此作主语时，要根据主语的含义来决定谓语的单复数。某些学科和疾病的名称虽是复数形式，但这些词做主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。单复数同形的名词作主语时，要根据句子的意思来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。单复数同形的名词包括：aircraft, deer, fish, sheep ,means, species works, crossroads, headquarters. 由两部分物体构成的名词，如，glasses,scissors,trousers,compasses;以及由-ings结尾的名词，如： belongings,savings,earings,surroundings,clippings 等，谓语动词通常用作复数。 30.Economics --- the science of the choice. A are B which is C is D and 31. Passenger ships and-----are often equipped with ship to shore or air to land radio telephones. A. aircrafts B. aircraft C. the planes D. also the planes 32.News of victories pouring in. A.keep B.keeps C.have kept D.is kept 33.Every means -----tried but without much result. A.has been B.have been C.are D.is 34.Their earnings ----- to 500 dollars a week. A comes B to come C come D have come 考点七 动名词，动词不定式，主语从句作主语谓语用单数。 36. To review and assess achievements and summarize and exchange experience--- the task of our present congress. A. are B. is C. have D. were 37.So to study English ------- hard work. A.don’t mean B.not mean C.doesn’t mean D.hasn’t mean 考点 八 集体名词作主语时如集体名词在句中意指整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如在句中指其具体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。这类集体名词包括： army, committee, crowd ,crew ,couple, family, group, staff, term public, cabinet, band等. 38.The football team-------baths now. A.has B.is having C.are having D.have 39.My family ------- in this house for over 50 years. A have lived B has lived C live D lived 40.The youth of the country----ready to work hard. A.is B.are C.has been D.have been 考点九 .如果主语是all of …. Some of …. ,half of…, most of … 等表示非确定数量的名词词组，其后的动词形式依of-词组中的名词类别而定。none 本身做主语时或它修饰的名词或代词做主语时，如代表不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，如代表可数名词，谓语动词既可用单数形式也可用复数形式。 41.Half of the fruit -------- bad. A.are B.has C.is D.have 42.None of these materials------- couductors. A.has B.is C.are D.was 43.None of them------- a good singer. A.are B.is C.to be D.were 考点十 .one, each ,either, neither, “one of + 复数名词”及every, some ，any， no与thing ,body ,one 构成的代词做主语，谓语动词用单数。 44.Neither of the sentences ------- correct. A.is B.are C.have D.has 45.Nobody, but Smith and John------- in the laboratory yesterday. A. are B. had been C. were D. was 考点十一 .“ the number of +复数” “a number of +复数” 46. The number of transnational corporations----320 in this country and----annual revenues amount to 11 billion US dollars. A. come to/its B. comes to / its C. come to / their D. comes to / their 47.A number of students------- for the lesson to begin now. A.is waiting B.are waiting C.waits D.waited 考点十二.形容词前加定冠词时，如果指人，是指一类人，做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 48.In many capitalist countries, the rich ----richer, the poor ,poorer. A.becomes B.has become C become D to become KEYS A 2.A 3.B 4 .B 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.A 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.A 19 D 20. D 21.D 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.A 26.A 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.B 31.B 32.A 33.C 34.B 35.C 36.C 37.B 38.B 39.C 40.C 41.B 42.A 43.D 44.D 45.B 46.C Grammar Exercises: Four compound sentences 英语长难句的基本类型总结 长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从而形成更长的难句。虽然形成长难句之方法有四，但是目的却只有一个，就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。 　　一、复合从句 　　在考研中，复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴，当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。这种语法处理，并不是从语言学研究角度进行的，而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。 　　（一）简单复合从句 　　简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。套用从句，其实是最简单的长难句。这类句子就像一根锁链，只要抓住句子的各个连接点，理出句子层次，就完全可以把握住。 　　在翻译定语从句时，“这（些/个）”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。阅读时，定语从句一般可以跳过，实在不放心可以略读。一般情况下，考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。 　　并列从句大致有四种情况：并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。其实，并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同，只不过并列从句一般较长，会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。 　　并列从句修饰主语，就是说并列从句作状语。这种句子很简单。翻译时，可以直译，把从句作定语，直接放在主语前面。如果从句很长，可以使用复指代词。另外，翻译从句先行词时，要注意词性的转换，比如hope/ suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。考生要切忌拘于词性。 　　并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。一般情况下，这些从句都不完整，多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。事实上，现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语，都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。 　　并列从句修饰宾语。宾语有两种，一种是单纯宾语，另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。单纯宾语指在句中作宾语成分；准宾语指在介词后面的宾语。 　　并列从句修饰单纯宾语的句子结构很清晰，阅读难度不大，但翻译有些难度。并列从句修饰准宾语的就比较难了。因为后面有很长的介词短语会使考生在阅读中忘记句子前面的意思。 　　（二）复杂复合从句 　　复杂复合从句，就是说这些句子不是单纯的复合从句。复杂复合从句主要是因为句子中出现省略，插入和倒装等形式，从而加大了句子的难度。这也是考研英语为了加大难度常用的方式。在复杂复合从句中出现的省略一般主要是语法省略，语用省略一般很少。出现插入语，其实是指这些词或短语的插入，使句子语法成分的联系打断，句子的整体性受到冲击，从而影响了句子的理解。复杂复合从句中出现的插入语一般都是分词形式或者介宾结构。翻译时，一般多可以翻为状语，有时也可以翻为定语。出现倒装时，越短的句子越难。因为可以参考的信息很少。这种句子可以先把从句和先行词用一个代词替换，然后进行语序恢复。 　　背诵例句： 　　1．Many experts suggest that the child raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 　　译文：许多专家认为：如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里长大，而这些刺激物能够开发其相应的反映能力，那么这个儿童将会有得到更好的智力发展。 　　2．How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and approlpriateness of the information and on the skill with which it is interpreted. 　　译文：这些预测在多大程度上会被后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性以及解释这些信息的技能。 　　3．Immediately the army opened fire, killing four men and injuring the fifth who later died of his wounds. 　　译文：部队突然开了火，打死四人，还有一人受伤。后来此人也因伤势过重死去。 　　4．The king, whose power is unlimited, and whose treasures surmount all real and imaginary wants, is compelled to ease, by the construction of the Great Wall, the satiety of dominion and tastelessness of a pyramid ,the satiety of dominion and tastelessness of pleasure. 　　译文：那个权力无上、财富无竭的国王，只有通过修筑长城来减轻自己对权力的厌倦和对欢乐的麻木。 　　5．Our hope for creative living in this world house that we have inherited lies in our ability to re-establish the moral ends of our lives. 译文：我们希望富有创造性地生活在我们继承的这个世界中，这种希望存在于我们重新建立道德标准的能力之中。 　　6．To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society. 译文：在我们看来，成功者不管作为个人还是社会的一份子，他的真实表现都是可靠、灵敏、和真诚。 < TOP > 　　二、成分省略 语言有个节省性原则。成分省略，主要是为了避免重复。一般的成分省略多为主语省略和谓语省略。这种省略属于语法省略。但考研中一般是语用省略，也就是说是为了某中具体的表达目的而采取的省略。成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子变得富有变化和难于把握。但省略句也有一些出现频率很高，因此需要熟记。 　　背诵例句： 　　1． It is quite unevering not to be able to see or to establish contact with the others ,even though we have learnt to talk with people we can not see, as on the telephone. 　　译文：即使我们适应了打电话这种看不见对方的交谈方式，这种看不见也触摸不到对方的对话还是让人感到很不自在。 　　2． To American, being on ones’s own means that one is a fulling dependent functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices. 　　译文：对美国人来说，个人的自立就是指这个人在集体中完全独立并且又能发挥作用。他有能力而且也愿意作出自己的选择。 　　3． In their hearts, women think it is men’s business to earn money and theirs to spend it—if possible during their hunsband’s live, but, at any rate, after his death. 　　译文：女人们从心底认为：挣钱是男人的事情，女人只管话花钱——可能的话丈夫在世时就花；不行的话，那就在丈夫去世后再花。 　　4．I can’t accept this fact because I know that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have either. 　　译文：我可以接受这个事实，因为我明白如果我都不能避免出错，那么其他的外科大夫出错也就难免了。 　　5. With strong will, men can move mountain and fill seas.—and have. 　　译文：凭借坚强的意志，人类能够移山填海。而事实上人类已经做到。 　　6．The war finally came to an end ,but not before hundreds of thousands of people had died. 　　译文：战争终于结束，但却是在千万人在战争中丧生之后才结束。< TOP > 　　三、使用插入语 　　插入语，是因为分裂了句子的结构而得名的，所以，这个术语主要是从语法功能角度出发提出的，对语法形式没有多大考虑。插入语一般是主谓结构或者介宾结构。使用插入语主要是为了调整语气和增加补充信息，并且更主要目的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻。插入语是主谓结构，一般都是“sb say/reason/suggest”这种格式，阅读问题不大，翻译时要提到句首。插入语是介宾结构也是如此处理。定语从句和分词做定语时，如果是插在主谓结构之间也可以看作是插入语。考研翻译中出现最多的插入语是用破折号插入的新话题或者补充信息。这种插入标志很明显，只是翻译处理会有些棘手。另外，因为一些句子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可看作是插入现象。只不过这种插入只是句子原有成分间的位子变化，没有新增成分。 　　背诵例句： 　　1．Science moves forward , they say ,not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 　　译文：他们说，科学的进步与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于诸如改进的技术 和工具等更为普通的东西。 　　2． Those，unaware of what is happening in society today may be surprised to learn that few academic philosophers study death, happiness and so on. 　　译文：那些人不了解当今社会发生的事情，所以发现现在的哲学家很少研究死亡和幸福之类的东西时会感到奇怪。 　　3.Most experts see in this a paradox -- an endless conflict between the desire to conform and the desire to remain apart. 　　译文：大多数专家都从中看到一种矛盾，即从众的欲望和试图与众不同的欲望之间的绵延不断的冲突。. 　　4．Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --is not being civilized. 　　译文：即使善于驱使别人去为自己打仗，并且告诉他们怎样打才最有效——这毕竟是征服者和将军们干过的事——也不能称其为文明行为。 　　5．Demonstrations are being staged in the town. where opposition is mounting to the construction of a nuclear waste storage plant near the river. 　　译文：这个城市不断发生示威游行，而且这种反对在河边建造核废料储存厂的呼声日高涨。 < TOP > 　　四、改变语序 　　改变语序，一般指倒装。倒装分为语法倒装和修辞倒装。考研难点一般在修辞倒装。修辞倒装主要是为了强调，一种是强调句子的表达重心，一种是强调一种表达语气，比如命令语气，假设语气（虚拟语气的倒装属于此类）疑问语气和否定语气。这些倒装常和一些连词或者副词（如nor/so/only/never/until等）密切相关。下文所举例子基本是从这个角度出发选择出来的。 背诵例句： 　　1．So involved with the book do the boy become that his mother often have to force him to break. 　　译文：那男孩对这本书如此着迷，以至于他的母亲不得不总强迫他停下。 　　2．Only after studies provided evidence of the harmful effects of this program, has it been possible to modify TV programming policies. 　　译文：除非研究提供证据表明这个节目有不良影响，否则电视节目的播放政策不会改变。 　　3．Lonely was seeing his son only once a month since the divorce. 　　译文：离婚后，他每月只能看儿子一次。这使他感到孤独。 　　4．Scientists do not know exactly how the virus damages the immune system, nor do they understand why the natural antibodies developed to destroy the virus are ineffective. 　　译文：科学家们迄今未能确定这种病毒破坏免疫系统的机理，他们也不明白旨在破坏这种病毒的天然抗体为什么无效。 　　5．And never before has it been so undeniable that mutually beneficial international institutions of cooperation are a vital global necessity. 　　译文：过去人们从来没有这么坚信各国互利的国际合作机构是全球不可或缺的要素。 　　6．The material destruction of the war was not so great but that it could by this time have been repaired, had a good peace been made without delay. 　　译文：假若当时立即恢复了和平，战争在物质方面的破坏无论怎样大，到一也能够得到修复了。 　　7．He wrote a novel, and no sooner did he have the synopsis of a story ,but he would invite a crowd of his friends outdoors and read it aloud to them. 　　译文：他写小说时刚刚构思出剧情轮廓就赶紧邀请一群朋友到野外，然后把剧情梗概大声地念给他们听 I. 名词性从句、状语从句 1.These photograhps will show you _____. A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.Can you make sure ______ the gold ring? A.where Alice had put　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.where did Alice put C.where Alice has put　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.where has Alice put　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3.No one can be sure _____ in a million years. A.what man will look like　　　　　　　　　　 B.what will man look like C.man will look like what　　　　　　　　　　 D.what look will man like　　　　　　　　　　　 4.—-We haven’t heard from Jane a long time. --What do you suppose _____ to her? A.was happening　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.has happened C.to happen　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.having happened　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5.Go and get your coat. It’s _____you left it. A.there　　　　 B.where　　　 C.there where　　　　 D.where there　　　　　　 6._____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A.Whenever　　　 B.If　　　　 C.Whether　　　　　　 D.That　　　　　　　　　　 7._____ he said at the meeting astionished everyone present. A.What　　　　 B.That　　　　　　 C.That fact　　　　　 D.The matter　　　　　　　 8.—-Do yopu remember _____ he came? --Yes, I do . He came by car. A.how　　　 B.when 　　C.that　　　　　　　　 D.it　　　　　　　　　　　 9._____ we can’t get seems better than ______ we have. A.What , what　　　　　 B.What , that　　　 C.That , that　　　　 D.That , what　　　　　　 10.After the war, a new school building was put up ________there had once been a theatre. A. that　　　 B. where　　　 C. which　　　　　　　 D. when　　　　　　　　　 11.Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he　　 B. However he is late C. However is he late　　 D. However late he is　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 12.Dr,Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge,I can‘t remember _____. A.where　　 B.there　　 C.which　　 D.that　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 13.Why do you want a new job_____you’ve got such a good one already? A.that　　 B.where　　 C.which　　 D.when　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 14. －－I’m going to the post office. 　 －－＿＿＿＿＿you‘re there. can you get me some stamps? 　　A. As　　　　　　B. While　　　　　C. Because 　　　　D. If　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 15. ＿＿＿＿＿you’ve got a chance. you might as well make full use of it. 　　A. Now that　　　 B. After　　　　 C. Although　　　　D. AS soon as　　　　　　　　　　　　 16．－－Idrove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. 　　－－Is that ＿＿＿＿＿ you had a few days off? 　　A. why　　　 　　 B. when　　　　 C. what　　　　　　D. where　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 17. You should make it a rule to leave things＿＿＿＿＿you can find them again 　　A. when 　　　　　B.where 　　　　 C.then 　　　　　　D.there　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 18. We‘ll have tofinish the job.＿＿＿＿＿. 　　A. long it takes howewer 　　　　　B. it takes howewer long 　　C. long however it takes 　　　　　D. however long it takes　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 19.______she couldn’t understand was _______ fewer and fewer studnets showed interest in her lesson. 　 A.What , why　　　 B.That , what　 C.What , because　 D.Why , that　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (2000) 20.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. 　 A.who is he　　　　 B.who he is　　 C.who is it　　　 D.who it is　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 II. 定语从句 1.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor. A.of whom　　　　 B.whom　　　　　　 C.of whose　　　　 D.whose　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth. A.it　　　　　　　 B.which　　　　　　 C.this　　　　　　 D.that　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3.In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A.that　　　　　　 B.who　　　　　　　 C.from whom　　　 　D.to whom　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4.The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect. A.what　　　　　　 B.which　　　　　　 C.that　　　　　　 D.it　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. A.which　　　　　 B.where　　　　　　 C.that　　　　　　 D.when　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 6．Carol said the work would be done by October.＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much. 　　A. it 　　　　　 B.that　　　　 　　 C.when　　　　　　 D.which　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 7．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy. 　　A．who　　　　　 B．which　　　　　　　 C．this　　　　　　　 D．what 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 8.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable. A.which price　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.the price of which C.its price　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.the price of whose 9._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules. A.As　　　　　　　 B.It　　　　　　　 C.That　　　　　　 D.Which 10.He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English. A.this　　　　　　 B.which　　　　　　 C.that　　 　　　　D.same 11.Oh the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue. A.whose　　　　　 B.of which　　　　 C.which　　　　　　 D.its 12.Whenever I met him , ____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile. A.what　　　　　　 B.which　　　　 　C.that　　　　　　 D.when 13.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower. A.that　　　　　　 B.where　　　　　　 C.which　　　　　　 D.there 14.The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women. A.in which　　　　 B.in that　　　　　 C.in whose　　　　 D.whose 15.I don’t like _____ you speak to her. A.the way　　　　 B.the way in that　 C.the way which　　 D.the way of which 16.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through . A.It’s the reason　　　　　　　　　　 B.That’s why C.There’s why　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.It’s how 17.He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science. A.which I think is　　　　　　　　　 B.which I think it is C.which I think it　　　　　　　　　　 D.I think which is 18.He was very rude to the customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse. A.who　　　　　　　 B.whom　　　　　　 C.what　　　　　　　 D.whcih　　 III. 综合练习 一、从 A,B,C 中选出正确答案: A. as/As B. which/Which C. that/That 1. Such people Tom knows have given him a lot of help. 2. This book of yours, I finished reading last night, was interesting. 3. He said that he was invited, was a lie . 4. we have seen, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth. 5. This is the first problem he met at the beginning. 6. was expected, he performed the task successfully. 7. She is wearing the same hat I wore yesterday. 8. I had the same experience at school you are having now. 9. you know, where there is smoke, there is fire. 10. The only problem troubled him has already been solved. 二、填上正确的介词： 11.. The tower is 40 metres high, on the top which we can see quite a large part of the city . 12. The fox which the chicks were killed was shot. 13. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, which more than ten bridges have been built. 14.The building which he has lived for many years will be turned down. 15. The man, whom I learned the news , is an engineer. 16. Those spades which we had planted trees went out of use. 17. The village has a very big tree which the villagers often have meetings . 18. His naughty grandson has taken away his glasses, which the old man can see nothing . 19. That is the question which the class will have a discussion. 20. It rained all night and all day, which time the ship broke into pieces. 三、Multiple choice 21._______?she?first?heard?of?the?man?referred?to?as?a?specialist.? A)That?was?from?Stephen?? B)It?was?Stephen?whom?? ? C)While?comparing?? 　?D)It?was?Stephen?that?? 22. It?wasn’t?such?a?good?dinner?______?she?had?promised?us.? ?A)that?? ?B)which?? C)as?? D)what?? 23.?They?decided?to?chase?the?cow?away?______?it?did?more?damage.? ?A)unless?? ?B)until?? C)before?? D)what?? 24.All?_______?is?a?continuous?supply?of?the?basic?necessities?of?life.? ?A)what?is?needed?? ?B)for?our?needs?? C)the?thing?needed?? ?D)?that?is?needed?? 25.?She?never?laughed,?______?lose?her?temper? A)or?she?ever?did?? ?B)nor?did?she?ever?? ?C)or?did?she?ever?? D)nor?the?ever?did?? 26.The?goals?________?he?had?fought?all?his?life?no?longer?seemed?important?to?him?.?? A)after?which?? B)for?which?? C)with?which?? D)at?which?? 27.?_________?we?have?finished?the?course?,?we?shall?start?doing?more?revision?work.? ?A)For?now?? B)Now?that?? C)Ever?since?? D)By?now?? 28.?I?decided?to?go?to?the?library?as?soon?as?I?______.? ? A)finish?what?I?did?? ? B)finished?what?I?was?doing?? C)would?finish?what?I?was?doing?? D)finished?what?I?was?doing?? 　29.The?match?was?cancelled?because?most?of?the?members?_____?a?match?without?a?standard?court.??A)?objected?to?having?? 　B)?were?objected?to?have?? 　C)objected?to?have?? 　D)were?objected?to?having?? 30.?I?like?watching?TV______?to?the?cinema.? ?A)more?than?to?go?? B)than?going?? 　C)more?than?going?? 　D)rather?than?to?go?? < 31.?No?sooner?had?we?reached?the?top?of?the?hill?______?we?all?sat?down?to?rest.? ?A)when?? ?B)then?? C)than?? D)until?? 　32.Evidence?came?up?_____?specific?speech?sounds?are?recognized?by?babies?as?young?as?6?month? old.? A)what?? ?B)which?? ?C)that?? D)whose?? 33.If?only?the?committee?______?the?regulations?and?put?them?into?effect?as?soon?as?possible. A)approve?? B)will?approve?? C)can?approve?? D)would?approve?? 34.The?little?man?was?_______?one?metre?fifty?high.? A)almost?more?than?? B)hardly?more?than?? C)nearly?more?than?? D)as?much?as?? 35.?As?______?announced?in?today’s?papers.?The?Shanghai?Export?Commodities?Fair?is?also?open?? 　　on?Sundays.? A)being?? ?B)is?? ?C)to?be?? D)been?? 36.After?the?Arab?states?won?independence,?great?emphasis?was?laid?on?expanding?education,?with? girls?as??well?as?boys?_____?to?go?to?school.? A)to?be?encouraged?? 　B)been?encouraged?? 　C)being?encouraged?? 　D)be?encouraged?? 37.?It?is?useful?to?be?able?to?predict?the?extent?______?which?a?price?change?will?affect?supply?and?demand.? A)from?? ?B)with?? C)to?? D)for? ?I. KEYS: 1-5 BCABB 6-10CAAAB　　 11-15 DCDBA　 16-20 ABDAD II. KEYS: 1-5 DBDBB　 6-10 DBCAB　 11-15 ABBCA　 16-18 BAD　 III. KEY: 1-5ABBAC 6-10 AAA AC 11. of 12. by 13. over 14.in 15.from 16.with 17. under 18. without 19. about 20. during 21-25 CCCDB 26-30 BBAAC 31-37 CCDBBCC Grammar: Tense 考点一：根据句与句之间的关系判定时态 1. As we ______ that bad weather lay ahead, our Captain changed course. D A. are warned B. has been warned C. warned D. had been warned 2. The moment he mailed the letter, he was sorry that he ________. A A. had written it B. had it written C. had been writing D. was writing it 3. The mother didn’t know who _______ for the broken glass. C A. will blame B. blamed C. to blame D. blames 4. Ten new members have been enrolled and seven _______. B A. resigned B. have resigned C. have been resigned D. have had resigned 5. I was to have made a speech if _______. C A. I was not called away B. nobody would have called my away C. I had not been called away D. nobody called me away 6. Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone ______ them. D A. discovered B. will discover C. would have discovered D. discovers 考点二：根据时间状语确定时态 7. A long time ago, Iving ________ in London for five years. A A. had lived B. lived C. has lived D. has been living 8. He came to work at our college twenty years ________ today. D A. before B. since C. from D. ago 9. How can I concentrate if you _______ continually ______ me with silly questions? C（41/1997） A. have … interrupted B. had … interrupted C. are …interrupting D. were …interrupting By引导的时间状语 10. By the time you get to New York, I ________ for London. D. A. would be leaving B. am leaving C. have already left D. shall have left 11. By the time he arrives in Beijing, we _______ here for two days. A. A. will have stayed B. shall stay C. have been staying D. have stayed 12. By the end of the year all but two people ______. D A have left B. will leave C. will be leaving D. will have left 13. The conference ______ a full week by the time it ends. B A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted 14. My train arrives in New York at eight o’clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there ______ by then. B A. would have B. will have left C. has left D. had left 15. It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _______ by about 10%. A A. will have risen B. has risen C. will be rising D. has been rising 16. He came back late, _______which time all the guests had already left. B A. after B. by C. at D. during 17. By the end of this month, we surely _______ a satisfactory solution to the problem. C A. have found B. will be finding C. will have found D. are finding 表延续的现在完成时 18. It seems oil ______ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right. D A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking 19. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she ________ too long. A A. has been reading B. had read C. is reading D. read 表影响的现在完成时 20. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _______ today and are being modified by the work of scientist of our time C A. are to challenge B. many be challenge C. have been challenged D. are challenging 21. Ever since Picasso’s went on exhibit, there ______ large crowds at the museum every day. C A. is B. has been C. have been D. are being 过去完成时 22. Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it ________ necessary for all planes to land for refueling. C A. would be B. has been C. had been D. would have been. 23. Until then, his family ________ from him for six months. D A. didn’t hear B. hasn’t been hearing C. hasn’t heard D. hadn’t heard 24. A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, ________ from the sort of candles used only in churches. A. A. had come B. coming C. come D. that came 考点三：考查时态间的区别 25. Mr. White works with a chemicals import & export company, but he _______ for this industrial fair, since he is on leave. D A. has worked B. works C. has been working D. is working 考点四：根据语境考查时态 26. “ I bought this shirt for 35 yuan yesterday.” “ It’s on sale today for only 29. You should have waited.” “ Oh really? But how _______ I know?” （48/1993） C A. would B. can C. did D. do 27. -- “May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight?” -- “I’m sorry. Mr. Williams _______ to a conference long before then.” A A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have gone D. has gone Inverted order (倒装) 考点一：状语前置。 Away ________ (run the terrified boy, the terrified boy run) Down ________ (did the train come, came the train) Up and up ________ (did the price go, went the price) Away _______ (he run, run he) Under a tree _____ (was sitting one little boy, one little boy was sitting) Under his arm was a pair of shoes which he had bought from the shop a few days previously. 考点二：句首为否定词或带否定意义的词语。 Under no circumstances _______ (can we accept cheques, we can accept cheques.) _______ so many people in the United States been out of work as today.(never before have; in the past, there never have) Scarcely _______ when the assassins shot him down.(had he finished his election address; did he finish his election address.) You can never use my tape recorder. ______ time should you touch that machine.(At no; No) No sooner _______ than the accident happened.(he had gone; had he gone) “that English fellow’s songs are very poetic.” “_____ the words to the songs, but he also composes the music.”(it is not all that he writes; not only does he write) 考点三：ONLY + 副词/介词词组/状语分句。 Only then _______ what she meant.(did I understand; I understood) Only in this way ______ possible to explain their actions.(it is; is it) Only when he started to explain ______ the reason for this.(did she realize; had she realized) Only some of the children seemed to have escaped this change of character. 考点四：当构成关联从属连词SO。。。THAT。。。的SO 出现于句首时。或TO SUCH + NP在句首时。 So small ______ (are the baby’s fingers; the baby’s fingers are) So quickly _______ their work that they were given a bonus.(did the workmen finish; the workmen finished) To such lengths ______ with his boring stories that everybody began to be disgusted.(did he go; he went) 考点五：虚拟语气中省略IF，句首为WERE，HAD，SHOULD时。 If I were you, I would not do that.(rewrite it) If she were not so handicapped, we would take her to the Alps. (rewrite it) _______ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. A)had it not been B) were it not C) be it not D) should it not be The emphatic pattern(强调句型) 考点一：IT IS （WAS）+ 被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+ WHO/THAT。。。一般说来被强调部分指人时，用WHO；指物时用THAT，但THAT也可以指人。 It is the uses to which television is put _____ determine its value to society. A. they B. those C. that D. who It was not until he entered the classroom ______ he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework.. A. before B. when C. then D. that It was Isadora Duncan who ______ responsible for many of the innovations that have made modern dance different from classical ballet. A. is B. was C. has been D. were It is only when you nearly lose someone _______ fully conscious of how much you value him. A. do you become B. then you become C. that you become D. have you become More often it is the President, and the members of his cabinet, ______ to the populace . A. which appeal B. that appeals C. who appeal D. who appears We were told that it was in that very room _______ the Republicans held the important meeting. A. where B. there C. in which D. that It is during his spare time _______ Tom has been studying the situation for several months. A. which B. that C. when D. then It is the news _____ most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can A. that deprive B. that it deprives C. that deprives D. when it deprives It is the business of the scientist to accumulate knowledge about the universe and all ______ in it, and to find, if he is able, common factors which account for the facts that he knows. A. who are B. which are C. who is D. that is It is the decline of active play and, I suppose, the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment _______ rise to a sociological interest in the problem. A. which had given B. that gave C. that has given D. that have given Keys: C D B C D D B C D D. 考点二：助动词DO用于句中无其他助动词时，以加强动词的肯定语气。 He does look tired. She did write to say thank you. Do shut up. Do say you’ll stay for supper.. 考点三：VERY。 This is the very book I want. At that very moment the phone rang. You’re the very man I want to see. The pills are the very thing for your cold. He knows our very thoughts. Tag questions 1.there is no doubt about it, _______ ? 2. Everyone knows his job, _______ ? 3. Everyone knows their job, _______ ? 4. No one was hurt, _______ ? 5. Someone has left the room, _______ ? 6. He dare challenge you, _______ ? 7. He didn’t dare go out at night, _______ ? 8. You needn’t take it away, _______ ? 9. You don’t need so many boxes, _______ ? 10. You have your hair cut every month, _______ ? 11. We have to cash some traveller’s cheque, _______ ? 12. He has to leave early,?_______ ? 13. He used to live in New York, _______ ? 14. Such things ought not to be allowed, _______ ? 15. He ought to be punished, _______ ? 16. You have no class on Sunday, _____? 17. I suppose you’re not serious, _____? 18. I don’t suppose he’s serious, _____? 19. Open the door, _____? 20. Don’t make a noise, _____? 21.I hope they won’t have to wait all day, _____? 22. Though sometimes I’d rather read the lowbrow papers, _____? 23. He was unhurt, _____? 24. You dislike him, _____? 25. He must have come yesterday, _____? 26. I must finish it today, _____? 27. He must have been here for a few days, _____? 28. This is Tom, _____? 29. I’m rather careless, _____? 30. A: He is here now. B: Oh, he is here now, ____? Keys to the tag questions. 1.there is no doubt about it, is there? 2. Everyone knows his job, doesn’t he ? 3. Everyone knows their job, do they? 4. No one was hurt, were they? 5. Someone has left the room, haven’t they? 6. He dare challenge you, daren’t you? 7. He didn’t dare go out at night, did he? 8. You needn’t take it away, need you ? 9. You don’t need so many boxes, do you? 10. You have your hair cut every month, don’t you? 11. We have to cash some traveller’s cheque, don’t we? 12. He has to leave early, doesn’t he? 13. He used to live in New York, usedn’t he/ didn’t he? 14. Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they? 15. He ought to be punished, oughtn’t he? 16. You have no class on Sunday, have you? 17. I suppose you’re not serious, are you? 18. I don’t suppose he’s serious, is he? 19. Open the door, can’t you/ will you/ won’t you? 20. Don’t make a noise, will you? 21.I hope they won’t have to wait all day, don’t you? 22. Though sometimes I’d rather read the lowbrow papers, wouldn’t you? 23. He was unhurt, wasn’t he? 24. You dislike him, don’t you? 25. He must have come yesterday, didn’t he? 26. I must finish it today, mustn’t I/ needn’t I ? 27. He must have been here for a few days, hasn’t he? 28. This is Tom, isn’t it? 29. I’m rather careless, aren’t I/ ain/t I ? 30. A: He is here now. B: Oh, he is here now, is he?