Solution: 10.8.1.19
The Bode magnitude and phase plots are shown in Figure 1, for K =100.
The Nyquist plot is shown in Figure 2 For K =100the point GH = ;1is
in region II. That is
GH(j15) = 10
;35=20
6
;180
=0:0178
To make
GH(j15) = 1:0
6
;180
:
The gain must be increased to
K =
100
0:0178
= 5;;623
For 0 <K<5;;623 the point GH = ;1isinregion II, and there are
no encirclements of GH = ;1, For the chosen contour P =0because the
contour does not enclose the poles of GH.Then
N =0 = Z ;P
= Z ;0
Then Z =0implying that none of the closed loop poles are inside the
contour in the s-plane, that is, in the righthalf plane for 0 <K<5;;623.
For K>5;;623, the point GH; = ;1isinregion I. Here there are two
clockwise encirclements of GH = ;1. Since wewentaround the contour in
the s-plane in the clockwise direction N =2.Thus
N =2 = Z ;P
= Z ;0
Thus
Z =2
implying that there are twoclosed loop poles inside the contour in the s-
plane, that is, twoclosedlooppoles in the righthalfplane. Thus, the system
in unstable for K>5;;623.
1
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
Phase in Degrees
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
Magnitude in Decibels
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Frequency in Radians/Sec.
Phase in Degrees
Magnitude in Decibels
Figure 1: Bode Plots of GH =
100(s+2)
s(s+4)(s+8)(s+20)
2
a
II
I
Re (GH)
Im(GH)
Figure 2: Plot in in GH-plane
3