Joints of limbs
主 讲 人 季 艳 梅
Ⅰ, Joints of upper limb
Ⅰ ) Joints of shoulder girdle
1.Sternoclavicular joint胸锁关节
1)Composition,sternal end of clavicle,clavicular
notch of sternum,and the first
costal cartilage
2)Feature:
Articular capsule,strong
An articular disc divides
the joint into two cavities.
3)Movements
Up down
2.Acromioclavicular
joint 肩锁关节
3.Coracoacromial
ligament喙肩韧带
downUp
Ⅱ )Joints of free upper limb
1.Shoulder joint 肩关节
(ball and socket)
1)Composition,head of
humerus and glenoid
cavity of scapula
2)Feature:Articular surface
Capsule,Thin and lax
Attachments
Tendon of long head of
biceps brachii
downUp
Glenoid labrum盂唇,
Coracohumeral
ligament 喙肱韧带
3)Movements,flexion,
extension,adduction,
abduction,medial and
lateral rotation,
circumduction
downUp
头大盂小囊松薄
最易发生前下脱
downUp
2,Elbow joint 肘关节
1)Composition,lower end of
humerus,upper ends of radius and ulna
1.Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节
2.Humeroradial joint肱桡关节
3.Proximal radioulnar joint桡尺近侧
关节
2)Feature:
Capsule,thin and lax anteriorly and posteriorly,
strongly thickened on either side by collateral
ligaments downUp
Ligaments:
1.Radial collacteral ligament桡
侧副韧带,
2,Ulnar collacteral ligament尺
侧副韧带,
3,Annular ligament of radius桡
骨环状韧带,
3)Movements,flexion and
extension,pronation and
supination
downUp
Dislocation
downUp
3.Joints between radius and ulnar
Proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节
Distal radioulnar joint桡尺远侧关节
Interosseous membrane of forearm
前臂骨间膜
downUp
4.Joints of hand
1) Radiocarpal joint桡腕关节
(ellipsoid)
(1)Composition
Carpal articular surface of radius
and articular disc
Proximal row of carpal but not
pisiform
(2)Feature:
Capsule,lax and strengthened by
surrounding ligaments
(3)Movements
downUp
2)Intercarpal joints
3)Carpometacarpal joints:
★ Carpometacarpal joint
of thumb 拇指腕掌关节
(1)Composition,
trapezium and base of
the first metacarpal
(2)Movement,flexion,
extension,adduction,
abduction,and
opposition 4)Metacarpophalangeal joints
5)Intermetacarpal joints
6)Interphalangeal joints
downUp
Ⅱ,Joints of Lower limb
Ⅰ ) Joints of pelvic girdle
1.Sacroiliac joint 骶髂关节
1)Composition,auricular surface of sacrum and
ilium
2)Feature:
Capsule,very tight and strengthened by ligaments
downUp
2.Vertebropelvic ligaments
1)Iliolumbal ligament髂腰韧带,
2) Sacrotuberous ligament
骶结节韧带
3) Sacrospinous ligament
骶棘韧带
These two ligaments convert
the sciatic notches the greater and
lesser sciatic foramina 坐骨大、
小孔
downUp
3,Pubic symphysis
耻骨联合
4.Obturator membrane
闭孔膜
obturator canal
闭膜管
downUp
5.Bony pelvis骨盆
1)Composition,formed by
paired hip bones,sacrum,
coccyx,and their
articulations
2)Terminal line界线,
formed by promontory of
sacrum,arcuate line,
pectin of pubis,pubic
tubercle,upper border of
pubic symphysis
3)Two portions
downUp
4)Lesser pelvis 小骨盆
(1)pelvic inlet 骨盆上口
(terminal line),
(2)Pelvic outlet 骨盆下口,
formed by tip of coccyx,
sacrotuberous ligament,
ischial tuberosity,ramus
of ischium,inferior ramus
of pubic,symphysis
(3)Pelvic cavity
(4)Pubic arch,subpubic
angle
downUp
Ⅱ ) Joints of free lower limb
1,Hip joint 髋关节
1)Composition:
acetabulum and
femoral head
2)Feature:
(1)Articular capsule
attachments
downUp
(2)Acetabulum labrum髋臼唇 ;
(3)transverse acetebular
ligament髋臼横韧带
(4)Iliofemoral lig,髂股韧带
(5)Ligament of head of femur
股骨头韧带
(6)Pubofemoral lig,耻股韧带
(7)Ischiofemoral ligament
坐股韧带
(8) Zona orbicularis
3)Movement,stability Transvese acetebular
lig.
Ligament of
head
of femur
Acetabulum labrum
downUp
Iliofemoral
lig.
Ischiofemoral
lig.
Pubofemoral
lig.
Zona orbicularis
downUp
downUp
2.Knee joint 膝关节
1)Composition,lower end of femur,upper
end of tibia and patella
2)Feature:Articular capsule
downUp
Patellar lig,髌韧带
Fibular collateral lig,腓侧副韧带
Tibial collateral lig,胫侧副韧带
Patellar lig.
Fibular
collateral
lig.
Tibial collateral
lig.
downUp
Oblique popliteal ligament腘斜韧带
Anterior cruciate ligment前交叉韧带
Posterior cruciate ligament 后交叉韧带
downUp
Medial meniscus内侧半月板 (C-shaped)
Lateral meniscus外侧半月板 (O-shaped)
3)Movements,flexion and extension; flexed knee joint
may be passively rotated
lateral
Medial
downUp
downUp
3)Tibiofibular syndesmosis
胫腓连结
Tibiofibular joint 胫腓关节
Crural interosseous
membrane 小腿骨间膜
Anterior and posterior
tibiofibular ligaments
胫腓前、后韧带
downUp
4)Joints of foot
1)Talocrural joint 距小腿关节
(ankle joint) 踝关节
(1)Composition,lower ends of
tibia and fibula,
trochlea of talus
(2)Feature:
Articular capsule,thin
and lax in front and
behind
(3)Movements
downUp
2)Intertarsal joints跗骨间关节
3)Tarsometatarsal joints
跗跖关节
4)Intermetatarsal joints
跖骨间关节
5)Metatarsophalangeal joints 跖
趾关节
6)Interphalangeal joints
趾间关节
downUp
Arches of foot 足弓
downUp
主 讲 人 季 艳 梅
Ⅰ, Joints of upper limb
Ⅰ ) Joints of shoulder girdle
1.Sternoclavicular joint胸锁关节
1)Composition,sternal end of clavicle,clavicular
notch of sternum,and the first
costal cartilage
2)Feature:
Articular capsule,strong
An articular disc divides
the joint into two cavities.
3)Movements
Up down
2.Acromioclavicular
joint 肩锁关节
3.Coracoacromial
ligament喙肩韧带
downUp
Ⅱ )Joints of free upper limb
1.Shoulder joint 肩关节
(ball and socket)
1)Composition,head of
humerus and glenoid
cavity of scapula
2)Feature:Articular surface
Capsule,Thin and lax
Attachments
Tendon of long head of
biceps brachii
downUp
Glenoid labrum盂唇,
Coracohumeral
ligament 喙肱韧带
3)Movements,flexion,
extension,adduction,
abduction,medial and
lateral rotation,
circumduction
downUp
头大盂小囊松薄
最易发生前下脱
downUp
2,Elbow joint 肘关节
1)Composition,lower end of
humerus,upper ends of radius and ulna
1.Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节
2.Humeroradial joint肱桡关节
3.Proximal radioulnar joint桡尺近侧
关节
2)Feature:
Capsule,thin and lax anteriorly and posteriorly,
strongly thickened on either side by collateral
ligaments downUp
Ligaments:
1.Radial collacteral ligament桡
侧副韧带,
2,Ulnar collacteral ligament尺
侧副韧带,
3,Annular ligament of radius桡
骨环状韧带,
3)Movements,flexion and
extension,pronation and
supination
downUp
Dislocation
downUp
3.Joints between radius and ulnar
Proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节
Distal radioulnar joint桡尺远侧关节
Interosseous membrane of forearm
前臂骨间膜
downUp
4.Joints of hand
1) Radiocarpal joint桡腕关节
(ellipsoid)
(1)Composition
Carpal articular surface of radius
and articular disc
Proximal row of carpal but not
pisiform
(2)Feature:
Capsule,lax and strengthened by
surrounding ligaments
(3)Movements
downUp
2)Intercarpal joints
3)Carpometacarpal joints:
★ Carpometacarpal joint
of thumb 拇指腕掌关节
(1)Composition,
trapezium and base of
the first metacarpal
(2)Movement,flexion,
extension,adduction,
abduction,and
opposition 4)Metacarpophalangeal joints
5)Intermetacarpal joints
6)Interphalangeal joints
downUp
Ⅱ,Joints of Lower limb
Ⅰ ) Joints of pelvic girdle
1.Sacroiliac joint 骶髂关节
1)Composition,auricular surface of sacrum and
ilium
2)Feature:
Capsule,very tight and strengthened by ligaments
downUp
2.Vertebropelvic ligaments
1)Iliolumbal ligament髂腰韧带,
2) Sacrotuberous ligament
骶结节韧带
3) Sacrospinous ligament
骶棘韧带
These two ligaments convert
the sciatic notches the greater and
lesser sciatic foramina 坐骨大、
小孔
downUp
3,Pubic symphysis
耻骨联合
4.Obturator membrane
闭孔膜
obturator canal
闭膜管
downUp
5.Bony pelvis骨盆
1)Composition,formed by
paired hip bones,sacrum,
coccyx,and their
articulations
2)Terminal line界线,
formed by promontory of
sacrum,arcuate line,
pectin of pubis,pubic
tubercle,upper border of
pubic symphysis
3)Two portions
downUp
4)Lesser pelvis 小骨盆
(1)pelvic inlet 骨盆上口
(terminal line),
(2)Pelvic outlet 骨盆下口,
formed by tip of coccyx,
sacrotuberous ligament,
ischial tuberosity,ramus
of ischium,inferior ramus
of pubic,symphysis
(3)Pelvic cavity
(4)Pubic arch,subpubic
angle
downUp
Ⅱ ) Joints of free lower limb
1,Hip joint 髋关节
1)Composition:
acetabulum and
femoral head
2)Feature:
(1)Articular capsule
attachments
downUp
(2)Acetabulum labrum髋臼唇 ;
(3)transverse acetebular
ligament髋臼横韧带
(4)Iliofemoral lig,髂股韧带
(5)Ligament of head of femur
股骨头韧带
(6)Pubofemoral lig,耻股韧带
(7)Ischiofemoral ligament
坐股韧带
(8) Zona orbicularis
3)Movement,stability Transvese acetebular
lig.
Ligament of
head
of femur
Acetabulum labrum
downUp
Iliofemoral
lig.
Ischiofemoral
lig.
Pubofemoral
lig.
Zona orbicularis
downUp
downUp
2.Knee joint 膝关节
1)Composition,lower end of femur,upper
end of tibia and patella
2)Feature:Articular capsule
downUp
Patellar lig,髌韧带
Fibular collateral lig,腓侧副韧带
Tibial collateral lig,胫侧副韧带
Patellar lig.
Fibular
collateral
lig.
Tibial collateral
lig.
downUp
Oblique popliteal ligament腘斜韧带
Anterior cruciate ligment前交叉韧带
Posterior cruciate ligament 后交叉韧带
downUp
Medial meniscus内侧半月板 (C-shaped)
Lateral meniscus外侧半月板 (O-shaped)
3)Movements,flexion and extension; flexed knee joint
may be passively rotated
lateral
Medial
downUp
downUp
3)Tibiofibular syndesmosis
胫腓连结
Tibiofibular joint 胫腓关节
Crural interosseous
membrane 小腿骨间膜
Anterior and posterior
tibiofibular ligaments
胫腓前、后韧带
downUp
4)Joints of foot
1)Talocrural joint 距小腿关节
(ankle joint) 踝关节
(1)Composition,lower ends of
tibia and fibula,
trochlea of talus
(2)Feature:
Articular capsule,thin
and lax in front and
behind
(3)Movements
downUp
2)Intertarsal joints跗骨间关节
3)Tarsometatarsal joints
跗跖关节
4)Intermetatarsal joints
跖骨间关节
5)Metatarsophalangeal joints 跖
趾关节
6)Interphalangeal joints
趾间关节
downUp
Arches of foot 足弓
downUp
