Chapter 6 Ctenophora Department of Oceanography Xiamen University 6.1 Morphology 6.1.1 External morphology 1 Body form and wall 2 Tentacle and colloblast 3 Comb plates 6.1.2 Internal morphology 1 Gastrovascular system mouth→stomodaeum→stomach→eight canals Pharyngeal canal Transverse canal Interradial canal 纵辐管（――canal） Meridional canal Tentacular canal Aboral canal Anal canal ? 2 Muscle differentiation of muscle fibers ? 3 Nervous system and sensory organ apical organ ? 4 Reproduction hermaphroditic 6.2 Classification ? 6.2.1 Class Nuda Order Beroida 瓜水母 Beroe cucumis 6.2.2 Class Tentaculata ? Order Cydippida Family Pleurobrachidae Pleurobrachia: P. globosa Euchlora: E. rubra ? Order Lobata Family Ocyropsidae 侧腕水母 Pleurobrachia sp 带水母 Cestum veneris 瓣水母 Mnemiopsis sp 蝶水母 Ocyropsis sp 蛾水母 Bolinopsis sp 6.3 Biology and Significance ? Distribution ? Feeding habits ? Bioluminenscence ? Symbiosis and regeneration