Chapter 7
The Urinary System
Instructor,
Zhenghong Zhang
(张正洪 )
Composition
Two kidneys
Two ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Section 1 The Kidneys 肾
Ⅰ,General features
? Bean shaped,reddish-
brown organs
? Superior extremity
? Inferior extremity
? Anterior surface
? Posterior surface
? Lateral border
? Medial border
? Renal hilum 肾门
renal pedicle肾蒂,
? Order of structures in
the renal pedicle from
anterior to posterior－
V,A,P.;
? from superior to
inferior－ A,V,P.
? Renal sinus 肾窦
Ⅱ,Position and
adjacency
? Left kidney lies at the
level from the lower border
of T11 to L2; the 12th rib is
behind its middle part of the
post surface
? Right kidney at the level
from the lower border of
T12 to L3; the 12th rib is
behind its upper part of the
post surface
? Renal hilum at the
level of L1,is about
5cm from the posterior
median line
? Renal region the
area between 12th rib
and the lateral margin
of erector spinae
Adjacency of the
kidneys
?Superiorly－
superarenal gland
?Posteriorly
Three muscles
Three nerves
?Medial
? Anteriorly
? Left kidney
? Stomach (superior),
? Pancreas (middle),
? Loops of intestine
and left colic flexure (inferiorly
)
? Right kidney
? Right lobe of liver
(superior)
? Right colic flexure
(inferior)
? Descending part of duodenum (medially)
Fibrous capsule 纤维囊
Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊
Renal fascia 肾筋膜
Ⅲ,The Coverings of kidneys
Ⅳ,Structure of the kidney
Renal cortex 肾皮质
Renal medulla 肾髓
?Renal pyramids 肾锥体,
?Minor renal calices 肾小盏
?Major renal calices 肾大盏
?Renal column肾柱
?Renal pelvis 肾盂
Ⅴ,The renal blood vessels
and Renal segments
Ⅵ,The renal anomalies
Section 2 The Ureters 输尿管
Abdominal part
Pelvic part
Intramural part
Ⅰ,Three parts
Ⅱ,Three strictures
Superior stricture
middle stricture
inferior stricture
Stone in ureter
Section 3 The urinary Bladder 膀胱
Ⅰ,General features
? Pyramidal in shape
when empty,having
? Apex of bladder,
Fundus of bladder
Body of bladder
Neck of bladder
? Trigone of bladder 膀
胱三角 formed by
internal urethral
orifice anteriorly and
two ureteric orifices
laerally,
? Interureteric fold 输
尿管间襞
Ⅱ,Interior structer of bladder
Ⅲ,Location and adjacency
? In the adult
? In the young child the
empty bladder projects
above the pelvic inlet
Section 4 The Urethra 尿道
Female urethra
? Relatively short
(about 5cm long),
wide and straight
? Opens into vaginal
vestibule
Chapter 8
The Male Reproductive System
Instructor,Zhenghong Zhang
(张正洪 )
Composition
The Male or female Reproductive
System consists of two parts,
Ⅰ,Internal genital organs
? Gonads (sex glands)－ manufacture the sex
cells an secrete the sex hormones.
? Genital ducts –transport the sex cells from
the site of production into site fertilization
? Accessory glands－ secrete the fluid
Ⅱ,External genital organs
Section 1 Male internal genital organs
Ⅰ,Gonad –testis 睾丸
Ⅰ ) features
Ⅱ ) Located in scrotum
Ⅲ ) structures
Ⅱ,Epididymis 附睾
? Comma-shaped,with
head,body and tail of
epididymis
? Located on superior
extremity and
posterolateral aspect of
testis
? Function – the site of
accumulation and storage
of sperm
Ⅲ,Ductus deferens and Ejaculatory duct输精
管和射精管
Ⅰ) Ductus deferens输精管
? Four part:
Testicular part 睾丸部
Spermatic part 精索部
Inguinal part 腹股沟部
Pelvic part 盆部
Ⅱ) Spermatic cord 精索
? Extends from the superior
extremity of testis to the
deep inguinal ring
? Contens:
? Three coverings,the
internal spermatic fascia,
cremaster and external
spermatic fascia
Vasectomy
Ⅲ) Ejaculatory duct 射精管
Ⅳ,Seminal vesicle 精囊
vⅤ,Prostate 前列腺
Ⅰ ) Shape
Chestnut-shaped organ
Base
Apex
Body
Posterior surfaces－prostatic sulcus
前列腺沟
Ⅱ )Contains of five lobes
? Anterior lobe
? Middle lobe
? Posterior lobe
? Right and left lobes
Ⅲ )position:
Lies behind pubic
symphysis,between
neck of bladder and
urogenital
diaphragm
Ⅵ,Bulbourethral gland尿道球腺
Section 2 The External genital organs
Ⅰ,Scrotum 阴囊
Aponeurosis of obliquus
externus abdominis
Obliquus internus
abdominis
Trasversus abdominis
Transvers fascia
Parietal peritoneum
External spermatic fascia
精索外筋膜
Cremastter 提睾肌
Internal spermatic fascia
精索内筋膜
Tunica vaginalis of testis
睾丸鞘膜
Parietal layer
Visceral
layer
Vaginal
cavity
Ⅱ,Penis 阴茎
? Consists of the root,body and
glans penis
? Contains
? Two cavernous body of penis
阴茎海绵体
? A cavernous body of urethra
尿道海绵体
? Skin－ thin and loose
? Prepuce of penis 阴茎包皮
? Frenulum of prepuce 包皮系带
Section 3 Male urethra 男性尿道
Ⅰ,Three parts:
? Prostatic part 前列腺部
? Membranous part 膜部
? Cavernous part 海绵体
部
Ⅱ, Three constrictions
? At the internal urethral
orifice
? At the membranous part
? At the external orifice of
urethra
Ⅲ,Three enlarged parts
? At prostatic part
? At bulb of urethra
? At navicular fossa of
urethra
Ⅳ,Two curvatures
? Subpubic curvature耻骨下弯 － concave
upward
? Prepubic curvature 耻骨前弯 － concave
downward
THANK YOU!
The Urinary System
Instructor,
Zhenghong Zhang
(张正洪 )
Composition
Two kidneys
Two ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Section 1 The Kidneys 肾
Ⅰ,General features
? Bean shaped,reddish-
brown organs
? Superior extremity
? Inferior extremity
? Anterior surface
? Posterior surface
? Lateral border
? Medial border
? Renal hilum 肾门
renal pedicle肾蒂,
? Order of structures in
the renal pedicle from
anterior to posterior－
V,A,P.;
? from superior to
inferior－ A,V,P.
? Renal sinus 肾窦
Ⅱ,Position and
adjacency
? Left kidney lies at the
level from the lower border
of T11 to L2; the 12th rib is
behind its middle part of the
post surface
? Right kidney at the level
from the lower border of
T12 to L3; the 12th rib is
behind its upper part of the
post surface
? Renal hilum at the
level of L1,is about
5cm from the posterior
median line
? Renal region the
area between 12th rib
and the lateral margin
of erector spinae
Adjacency of the
kidneys
?Superiorly－
superarenal gland
?Posteriorly
Three muscles
Three nerves
?Medial
? Anteriorly
? Left kidney
? Stomach (superior),
? Pancreas (middle),
? Loops of intestine
and left colic flexure (inferiorly
)
? Right kidney
? Right lobe of liver
(superior)
? Right colic flexure
(inferior)
? Descending part of duodenum (medially)
Fibrous capsule 纤维囊
Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊
Renal fascia 肾筋膜
Ⅲ,The Coverings of kidneys
Ⅳ,Structure of the kidney
Renal cortex 肾皮质
Renal medulla 肾髓
?Renal pyramids 肾锥体,
?Minor renal calices 肾小盏
?Major renal calices 肾大盏
?Renal column肾柱
?Renal pelvis 肾盂
Ⅴ,The renal blood vessels
and Renal segments
Ⅵ,The renal anomalies
Section 2 The Ureters 输尿管
Abdominal part
Pelvic part
Intramural part
Ⅰ,Three parts
Ⅱ,Three strictures
Superior stricture
middle stricture
inferior stricture
Stone in ureter
Section 3 The urinary Bladder 膀胱
Ⅰ,General features
? Pyramidal in shape
when empty,having
? Apex of bladder,
Fundus of bladder
Body of bladder
Neck of bladder
? Trigone of bladder 膀
胱三角 formed by
internal urethral
orifice anteriorly and
two ureteric orifices
laerally,
? Interureteric fold 输
尿管间襞
Ⅱ,Interior structer of bladder
Ⅲ,Location and adjacency
? In the adult
? In the young child the
empty bladder projects
above the pelvic inlet
Section 4 The Urethra 尿道
Female urethra
? Relatively short
(about 5cm long),
wide and straight
? Opens into vaginal
vestibule
Chapter 8
The Male Reproductive System
Instructor,Zhenghong Zhang
(张正洪 )
Composition
The Male or female Reproductive
System consists of two parts,
Ⅰ,Internal genital organs
? Gonads (sex glands)－ manufacture the sex
cells an secrete the sex hormones.
? Genital ducts –transport the sex cells from
the site of production into site fertilization
? Accessory glands－ secrete the fluid
Ⅱ,External genital organs
Section 1 Male internal genital organs
Ⅰ,Gonad –testis 睾丸
Ⅰ ) features
Ⅱ ) Located in scrotum
Ⅲ ) structures
Ⅱ,Epididymis 附睾
? Comma-shaped,with
head,body and tail of
epididymis
? Located on superior
extremity and
posterolateral aspect of
testis
? Function – the site of
accumulation and storage
of sperm
Ⅲ,Ductus deferens and Ejaculatory duct输精
管和射精管
Ⅰ) Ductus deferens输精管
? Four part:
Testicular part 睾丸部
Spermatic part 精索部
Inguinal part 腹股沟部
Pelvic part 盆部
Ⅱ) Spermatic cord 精索
? Extends from the superior
extremity of testis to the
deep inguinal ring
? Contens:
? Three coverings,the
internal spermatic fascia,
cremaster and external
spermatic fascia
Vasectomy
Ⅲ) Ejaculatory duct 射精管
Ⅳ,Seminal vesicle 精囊
vⅤ,Prostate 前列腺
Ⅰ ) Shape
Chestnut-shaped organ
Base
Apex
Body
Posterior surfaces－prostatic sulcus
前列腺沟
Ⅱ )Contains of five lobes
? Anterior lobe
? Middle lobe
? Posterior lobe
? Right and left lobes
Ⅲ )position:
Lies behind pubic
symphysis,between
neck of bladder and
urogenital
diaphragm
Ⅵ,Bulbourethral gland尿道球腺
Section 2 The External genital organs
Ⅰ,Scrotum 阴囊
Aponeurosis of obliquus
externus abdominis
Obliquus internus
abdominis
Trasversus abdominis
Transvers fascia
Parietal peritoneum
External spermatic fascia
精索外筋膜
Cremastter 提睾肌
Internal spermatic fascia
精索内筋膜
Tunica vaginalis of testis
睾丸鞘膜
Parietal layer
Visceral
layer
Vaginal
cavity
Ⅱ,Penis 阴茎
? Consists of the root,body and
glans penis
? Contains
? Two cavernous body of penis
阴茎海绵体
? A cavernous body of urethra
尿道海绵体
? Skin－ thin and loose
? Prepuce of penis 阴茎包皮
? Frenulum of prepuce 包皮系带
Section 3 Male urethra 男性尿道
Ⅰ,Three parts:
? Prostatic part 前列腺部
? Membranous part 膜部
? Cavernous part 海绵体
部
Ⅱ, Three constrictions
? At the internal urethral
orifice
? At the membranous part
? At the external orifice of
urethra
Ⅲ,Three enlarged parts
? At prostatic part
? At bulb of urethra
? At navicular fossa of
urethra
Ⅳ,Two curvatures
? Subpubic curvature耻骨下弯 － concave
upward
? Prepubic curvature 耻骨前弯 － concave
downward
THANK YOU!
