UNIT 5
How to
Celebrate
Holidays
Text A
Writing Three
Thank-you Letters
Objectives,
? Students will be able to,
1,understand the main idea and the structure of
the text;
2,learn to memorize words in association;
3,grasp the key language points and
grammatical structures in the text;
4,conduct a series of reading,listening,speaking
and writing activities related to the theme of the
unit,
Background,
? Thanksgiving, Thanksgiving is celebrated in the US on the fourth
Thursday in November,For many Americans it is the most important
holiday apart from Christmas,Schools,offices and most businesses
close for Thanksgiving,and many people make the whole weekend
a vacation,
? Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first
came to North America,In 1620 the ship the Mayflower arrived,
bringing about 150 people who today are usually called Pilgrims,
They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not
find enough to eat,so many of them died,But in the following
summer Native Americans showed them what foods were safe to
eat,so that they could save food for the next winter,They held a
big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact
that they had survived,
? Today people celebrate Thanksgiving to
remember these early days,The most important
part of the celebration is a traditional dinner
with foods that come from North America,The
meal include turkey,sweet potatoes and
cranberries,Dessert is pumpkin made into a pie,
On Thanksgiving there are special television
programmes and sports events,Thanksgiving is
considered the beginning of the Christmas
period,and the next day many people go out to
shop for Christmas presents,
Text Structure,
? Part one Paras 1-9
On thanksgiving Day 1943,as a young
coastguardsman at sea,the writer came up with the
idea of expressing his gratitude to people who had
helped him before,
? Part Two Paras 10-16
The writer wrote three thanks-you letters to his father,
the Rev,Nelson and his grandmother,
? Part Three Paras 17-23
The writer got three letters in reply,
? Part Four 24-26
The writer wishes everyone to find the good and praise
it,
New Words,
reverse vt.,
1),change sth,so that they have the position or function
the other thing has
e.g,The next stage was to reverse the positions of the
two pictures,
In this play the traditional sex roles are reversed,
2),change sth,in order to make them have the opposite
situation that they had before
e.g,They were determined to reverse their country’s
decline,
The newcomers to farming want to see this trend
reversed,
3),turn sth,around to be in an opposite way
e.g,He took the chair,reversed it,and drew it towards
the fire,
appreciation n,
? appreciate v,
? be pleased and grateful to sb,for sth,that they
help you
? appreciative a,
e.g,We would much appreciate guidance from an expert,
She won’t be appreciative of his efforts,
? appreciable a,
? 明显的,相当多的
specific a.,
CF, specific,
特定的;明确的,
确切的;特有的,只
与某事有关的
e.g,Do you have any specific
skills that will be of use to you
in the job you are applying for?
special a,
特殊的;专业的,
专门的
immerse vt.,
cover completely in a liquid; absorb deeply
e.g,I held my breath and completely immersed myself in
the water,
John was so immersed in playing the computer
games that he was unaware of things happening round
him,
pattern,
immerse oneself in ;be immersed in
CF, immense a,
广大的 ; 极大的 ;巨大的 ;
sprinkle vt,
sprinkle, scatter (drops or particles of sth.) on (sth);
scatter in small drops
Pattern, be sprinkled over/with
e.g,Book stores are sprinkled all over the city,
Unfortunately,the textbook is sprinkled
with errors,
Sprinkle the meat with salt and place it in
the pan,
accord v,
1),grant
e.g,The headmaster accorded me permission to attend the seminar,
2),if sth,accords with sth,else,it fits in with it and is in harmony with
it
e.g,I rewrote the article because it didn’t accord with our policy,
His behavior doesn’t accord with his principles,
Phrase, of one’s own accord → do sth,freely,because you want to
do it,without being asked
e.g,He decide to let him alone until he stopped of his own accord,
with one accord → do sth,in agreement about when or how
it should be done
e.g,With one accord they began to creep as quietly as possible into
the hole,
accord n,
e.g,There are few issues on which the two are in perfect accord,
bulge v,
1),突出,鼓起 (bulging a,鼓起的,膨胀的 )
e.g,Her eyes bulged from their sockets,
她的眼睛从眼窝里凸了出来
2),装满,塞满
e.g,Official files bulged with medical evidence,
The shelves were bulging with books
n,突出的一块;突然急增
e.g,the population bulge of the nineteen fifies
successive a., following one after
the other
e.g,After four successive election defeats,
the Labour Party once again faces the
painful task of reconstruction,
CF,
succession接替,继承;
一系列,一连串 success 成功,成就
successive接连的,连续的 successful 成功的
successor继任者,接替人 success成功的人或物
being n,
1),a person
2),life 生命,存在
Phrase, in being → exist 存在的,现
有的
e.g,This violated laws already in
being,
come into being,is called into being
→ has been formed or brought
into existence 出现,形成
e.g,The group came into being
against firm opposition,
Language points in the text,
? serve,
1),perform official duties in the army or for the government服役,任职
e.g,He served as an adviser to the government in this country,
2),If you serve people or if you serve food or drink,you give them
food and drink,for example in a restaurant,at a meal,or at a
party.上菜,送(食物)
e.g,She was served an elaborate ice-cream concoction,
给她端上了一份精致的什锦冰淇淋。
3),If sth,serves as a particular thing or serves to do sth.,it has the
effect or result indicate.作 ……用,起 ……的作用
e.g,His refusal to answer only serves to increase our suspicions,
拒绝回答更增加了我们的怀疑。
This will serve as a valuable reminder of the gangers involved,
这将起到提醒人们注意其中危险的重要作用。
4),发球
see,
1),A particular time sees sth.,that thing
happens during that time.发生,出现
e.g,The next four or five years are likely to see
more industrial production,
The Sixties saw an old world die and a new
one come to birth,
2),experience sth,
e.g,She seemed to think that she’d seen it all,
put away,
1),put sth,tidily into a cupboard,drawer,
pocket,etc.收拾
2),save money in a bank or saving account
存储
e.g,I’ve got a thousand pounds put away for a
rainy day,
(for a rainy day → save sth,for the future
when you need it or want it)
3),To put away food or drink means to eat
or drink a large amount of it大吃,大喝
make one’s way (to/towards),
walk or travel somewhere
e.g,I made my way back to my seat,
Passengers for Manchester please make your
way to platform 6,
CF, make way (for),
to move away or be removed so that other
person or thing is able to stand there or
take place there.让路,让出地方
e.g,Slums have been cleared to make way for
new,high-rise apartment,
贫民窟已被清除,让出地方建造新的,高层公寓
quest,
? n,a long and difficult search for sth,
? v,search or seek for sth,
e.g,His hand,questing for sth,else,touched
the handle of the revolver,
Phrase, in quest of, seeking
e.g,Tony went to the school library in quest of
Mark Twain’s novels,
Mary told me that she was leaving New York
City in quest of a tranquil life,
apply v.,
1),adapt sth,or use sth,in a job,activity,etc.应用,
运用
2),If you apply yourself or apply you mind or
attention to sth.,you concentrate hard on doing
sth.,or on thinking about it,
使全神贯注于,使专注于
e.g,It is difficult to apply much creative thought to this
question,
对于这个问题很难费心做出创新的思考
I cannot say he’s applied himself very energetically to
looking for a job,
我觉得他没有竭尽全力寻找工作。
turn over,
1),think carefully about sth,
e.g,Even when she didn’t say anything you could see
her turning things over in her mind,
2),If you turn sth,over to sb.,you give it to them
when they ask for it,because they have a right
to it,
e.g,He had refused to turn over funds that belonged to
Potter,
3),change sth,to sth,else
e.g,I’m planning to turn over this big house to a plant,
take it for granted that,
believe that sth,is true without thinking
about it very much认为 ……是理所当然的
e.g,We take it for granted that knowledge
advances rapidly,
It is taken for granted that every child should
learn mathematics,
CF, take sth/sb,for granted
(因视怍当然而)对 ……不予重视
e.g,I mean he just takes me absolutely for
granted.我的意思是说他简直不把我放在眼里。
so much as,
~~:甚至连 ……都
(没有)做,
哪怕只是 ……也
e.g,He just left without so
much as saying goodbye,
If you mention it by so
much as a whisper,I’ll be
sent packing,
你哪怕只是私下悄悄提及
这件事,我也会被辞退的。
swallow v,
1),If you swallow sth.,you accept it patiently and do not protest
忍受,对 …忍气吞声
e.g,She swallowed the sarcasm and got on with her job,
她忍受了那些挖苦的话,继续干活
2),If you swallow your feeling,you stop yourself from showing
them,
抑制(情感),压住(怒火)
e.g,He swallowed his rage and walked out of the room,
3),If you swallow,you make a movement in your throat as if you
are swallowing sth.,often because you are nervous or frightened
beyond v.,
1),be impossible to do sth.无法
e.g,The society situation has changed beyond
recognition,
2),apart from除 ……之外
e.g,He decided to say nothing beyond saying
that it was bad luck on me,
picture v.,
1),think of sth.,imagine想象,想到
e.g,You could picture easily the consequences of
being caught,
In her mind’s eye she has pictured herself
counting a large amount of money,
2),describe sth.描写,描述
e.g,He pictured vividly the importance and
gravity of the problem,
Day after day he is picturing himself as a Mr,
Right,
on one’s behalf/on the behalf of sb.,
for sb.; in the interests of sb.; as the
representative of sb,
? e.g,On the behalf of my parents,I would
like to express my gratitude to you for
your help,
? He delivered a speech on the behalf
of all the graduates on Graduation Day,
impress,
1),fix in sb’s mind; make the importance of (sth.)
very clear to sb,
pattern, impress upon/on sb,that;
impress upon/on sb,sth,
e.g,I have always impressed upon my students that if
they work hard they will succeed in life,
The teacher tried to impress on his students the
necessity of being honest,
2),cause (sb.) to feel admiration or respect
e.g,Most students liked to talk a lot because they
thought it would impress the professors,
Wanting to impress his girl friend,Dustin bought a
suit for their first date,
graduate v.,
progress from one
thing to a another
thing
进步,晋升
e.g,This report started
on a local paper,and
then graduate to a
provincial paper,
Later they would
graduate to really
important work,
since (L59,L33) adv.,后来
e.g,When I met him he was a graduate,He has
since become an accountant,
He was sick last month but has since been
recovered,
CF, 1),prep,自 ……以来,打 ……以后
e.g,We hadn’t seen each other since Oxford,
I’ve been wearing glasses since I was three,
2),conj,(=as) 由于,既然
e.g,Aircraft noise is particular problem here
since we’re close to an airport,
Since it was Saturday,he stayed in bed an
extra hour,
considerate a,
(= thoughtful)
be considerate/thoughtful of
为 ……着想,考虑周到
e.g,We should be considerate of the feelings of
the old people,
It was considerate of you to remember her
birthday,
CF, considerable a,
priority n,
1),the importance that sth,has in relation to others
重要性
2),sth,that must be done,dealt with as soon as possible
优先考虑的事
3),If you give priority to sb,or sth.,you treat them as more
important than anyone or anything else
给 ……以优先权,优先考虑
e.g,The unions must give priority to protecting the interests of
their members,
prior (to) a,先前的,在 ……之前的
e.g,Prior arrangements have to be made,
Most people here prior to 1990 were very poor,
pound v.,
run or walk with heavy,noisy steps
脚步沉重的跑 /走
e.g,Without a word he pounded up to the
house,
A dozen men came pounding down
the stairs into the dark room,
leave v.,
let sb./sth,remain in
some kind of state,
position or
condition
让 ……继续处于某种
状态,可以跟带过
去分词,现在分词,
形容词或介词短语
的复合结构
e.g,Leaving the
television on,I’m
watching,
The result has left
everybody dissatisfied
,
rather than 而不是
e.g,Rather than disappoint them he bought a tie,
CF, rather adv,
1),有些,相当,非常
e.g,I’m rather puzzled by this question,
I’m in rather a hurry,I’ve got to go,
2),(had/would + rather)宁愿,宁可
e.g,He’s not interested in this project,he’d rather be
out playing golf,
3),(or + rather)更确切的说,还不如说
e.g,Suddenly there stood before him,or rather above
him,a gigantic woman,
bring back,
1),make sb,remember and think about sth.
使想起,使忆起
e.g,This experience brings back painful
memories of childhood,
2),make sth revive,be popular again
使恢复,使重新流行
e.g,He was in favor of bringing back the
punishment in school,
insight (into sth)
~~,a deep
understanding of sth
e.g,The idea itself may arrive in
a flash of insight,
He has given me an insight
into English literature,