Scientific English Writing
Section V
1,This equipment,it is said,was commercially
available three years ago.
4,-1 –1,it was agreed,should be replaceable by –1
at will.
8,No textbooks available have mentioned this point.
9,Students are familiar with none of these
parameters.
17,Some developed countries use as much as 60
kilograms of paper for each person in a year.
18,The darker the color,the more heat will be
absorbed.
IV,
1.When a wire loop surrounds a stationary
magnet,no current flows in the loop,What
Faraday and Henry discovered was that moving
the magnet causes a current to flow in the loop,It
does not matter whether the magnet or the loop is
actually being moved; the origin of the current lies
in the relative motion between a conductor and a
magnetic field.
2,A lever is a rigid rod pivoted at a certain
point called the fulcrum,Fig,12-1 shows the
most familiar type of lever,with a load at one
end being balanced by an applied force at the
other,The condition for equilibrium is that
the torques produced by Finand Fout be the
same in magnitude.
3,***,male and born in December 1941,He
graduated from the Xi’an Military
Telecommunications Engineering Institute (the
predecessor of Xidian University) and remained at
the institute as a faculty member,From 1981 to 1983
he stayed at the University of Pennsylvania,U.S.A,
for further studies,engaged in the research on image
analysis &processing and radar imaging,From 1989
to 1990 he went to the United States and Britain
successively as a visiting scholar,Currently he serves
as president of Shenzhen University,being an advisor
for doctoral students of Xidian University in the
academic area of signal and information processing,
he gas been in charge of and undertaken quite a few
projects,all with high-level achievements.
SECTION Ⅲ
I,The infinitive
1.,It” as the subject
① It is possible to…
It is necessary to…
It is a simple matter to…
② It will do you good to…
It makes sense to
③ It suffices to…
It remains to…
④ It is desired to…
It is left to sb,to…
It remains only for the applications and
products to be designed to take advantage of this
communications technology.
只要做一个简单的实验就够了。
如果想要求出这个电阻上的电压，我们必须
首先知道流过它的电流。
If it is desired to find out the voltage across
this resistor,we must first know the current
flowing through it.
证明这个公式成立这一点就留作为读者
的一个习题。
It is left as a problem to the reader to show
that this formula holds.
解这个方程花了我们两个多小时。
It took us more than two hours to solve this
equation,
做这些练习对你们是有好处的。
2,As an attributive
R是所要测定的电阻。
R is the resistance to be measured.
有许多问题要我们考虑。
There are many problems for us to consider.
这里有许多种类型的万用表供你选用。
Here are many types of multi-meters for
you to choose from.
3,Complex infinitive
for + n,or pron,+ to do
我们必须详细地研究这种材料的性质。
It is necessary for us to study the properties of
this material in detail.
阳光到达地球需要大约八分钟的时间
It takes about eight minutes for sunlight to
reach the earth.
一个电路只包含电阻是罕见的。
It is rare for a circuit to contain only resistance.
为了使 …( 能 )… For … to do…
为了使该计算机能够正常工作，外加电压
必须合适。
For the computer to work/ operate /function
normally,the applied voltage must be proper/
appropriate.
A number of basic problems must be overcome
for a nuclear reactor to operate properly.
So called interrogative words +infinitive
4,Nominal infinitive what
when
which
where
whom
whether
how
This book attempts to present not only the major
technical solutions for controlling Internet security,
but also the necessary business and managerial
perspectives on why,when,and how to implement
these controls.
如何测定原子的重量和体积是我们很多人感兴
趣的一个问题。
How to determine the weight and size of an
atom is a question interesting to many of us.
必须作出决定到底选用那一项。
The decision on which term to choose must be
made.
读者可能不知道该首先做这些运算中的那一个。
The reader may have no idea which of these
operations to do first.
我们得求出使 x为多大才能使这个等式成立。
We have to find out how large to make x for this
equation to hold.
II,Participle
1,As an attribute
铜是广泛使用的导体。
Copper is a widely used conductor.
A capacitor is a device consisting of two
conductors separated by a non-conductor.
Yellow added to blue produces white light.
A lamp connected across a dry cell is an example
of a simple electric circuit.
2,As an adverbial
condition,time,reason,additional
description
若已知电流和电阻，我们就能求出电压来。
Given current and resistance,we can find out
voltage.
由于铜是一种良导体，所以被广泛地用在电气工
程中。
Being a good conductor of electricity,copper is
widely used in electrical engineering.
Recognizing the importance of the ozone layer
to life on the earth,these industrial nations
committed to take some effective measures.
Silver is the best conductor,followed by copper.
Ⅲ, The with-construction
让我们以原点为圆心，做一个半径为 r的半圆。
Let us draw a semi-circle of radius r,with the
origin as its center.
我们必须紧跟以江泽民同志为核心的党中央。
We must follow closely the CPC central
committee with Comrade Jiang Zemin at the core.
Functions, time,condition,reason,further
statement,result…
由于存在摩擦，一部分功率作为热而损失掉了 。
With friction present,a part of power has
been lost as heat.
在设计因特网时，并没有考虑安全问题。
The Internet was designed without
security problems in mind.
在设计 RC电路时，只考虑一两种用途。
Without the temperature or pressure changed,
matter can never change from one state into
another.
Each planet revolves around the sun in as
elliptical orbit,with the sun at one focus of the
ellipse.
本书既讲了实际 的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论
问题，重点放在一般概念上。
Both practical design techniques and theoretical
problems are covered with emphasis on general
concepts.
QUIZ I
1,There is a 1-in-17 chance of drawing two successive hearts (红桃 )
in this manner.
2,The varieties of nonferrous (有色的 ) metals are nearly four
times what they were.
3,There are races (种，属 ) between animals large and small.
4,Leprosy does not affect most animals the way it does humans.
5,Aiken’s machine was limited in speed by its use of relays rather
than electronic devices.
6,Familiar to all with but the slightest exposure to scientific
literature,this model shows the atom as a miniature solar
system.
7,The absence of atmosphere in space will allow the space
telescope to show scientists light sources as far as 14-billion light
years away,some seven times farther out than those visible to
the biggest ground-based optical telescope.
Section V
1,This equipment,it is said,was commercially
available three years ago.
4,-1 –1,it was agreed,should be replaceable by –1
at will.
8,No textbooks available have mentioned this point.
9,Students are familiar with none of these
parameters.
17,Some developed countries use as much as 60
kilograms of paper for each person in a year.
18,The darker the color,the more heat will be
absorbed.
IV,
1.When a wire loop surrounds a stationary
magnet,no current flows in the loop,What
Faraday and Henry discovered was that moving
the magnet causes a current to flow in the loop,It
does not matter whether the magnet or the loop is
actually being moved; the origin of the current lies
in the relative motion between a conductor and a
magnetic field.
2,A lever is a rigid rod pivoted at a certain
point called the fulcrum,Fig,12-1 shows the
most familiar type of lever,with a load at one
end being balanced by an applied force at the
other,The condition for equilibrium is that
the torques produced by Finand Fout be the
same in magnitude.
3,***,male and born in December 1941,He
graduated from the Xi’an Military
Telecommunications Engineering Institute (the
predecessor of Xidian University) and remained at
the institute as a faculty member,From 1981 to 1983
he stayed at the University of Pennsylvania,U.S.A,
for further studies,engaged in the research on image
analysis &processing and radar imaging,From 1989
to 1990 he went to the United States and Britain
successively as a visiting scholar,Currently he serves
as president of Shenzhen University,being an advisor
for doctoral students of Xidian University in the
academic area of signal and information processing,
he gas been in charge of and undertaken quite a few
projects,all with high-level achievements.
SECTION Ⅲ
I,The infinitive
1.,It” as the subject
① It is possible to…
It is necessary to…
It is a simple matter to…
② It will do you good to…
It makes sense to
③ It suffices to…
It remains to…
④ It is desired to…
It is left to sb,to…
It remains only for the applications and
products to be designed to take advantage of this
communications technology.
只要做一个简单的实验就够了。
如果想要求出这个电阻上的电压，我们必须
首先知道流过它的电流。
If it is desired to find out the voltage across
this resistor,we must first know the current
flowing through it.
证明这个公式成立这一点就留作为读者
的一个习题。
It is left as a problem to the reader to show
that this formula holds.
解这个方程花了我们两个多小时。
It took us more than two hours to solve this
equation,
做这些练习对你们是有好处的。
2,As an attributive
R是所要测定的电阻。
R is the resistance to be measured.
有许多问题要我们考虑。
There are many problems for us to consider.
这里有许多种类型的万用表供你选用。
Here are many types of multi-meters for
you to choose from.
3,Complex infinitive
for + n,or pron,+ to do
我们必须详细地研究这种材料的性质。
It is necessary for us to study the properties of
this material in detail.
阳光到达地球需要大约八分钟的时间
It takes about eight minutes for sunlight to
reach the earth.
一个电路只包含电阻是罕见的。
It is rare for a circuit to contain only resistance.
为了使 …( 能 )… For … to do…
为了使该计算机能够正常工作，外加电压
必须合适。
For the computer to work/ operate /function
normally,the applied voltage must be proper/
appropriate.
A number of basic problems must be overcome
for a nuclear reactor to operate properly.
So called interrogative words +infinitive
4,Nominal infinitive what
when
which
where
whom
whether
how
This book attempts to present not only the major
technical solutions for controlling Internet security,
but also the necessary business and managerial
perspectives on why,when,and how to implement
these controls.
如何测定原子的重量和体积是我们很多人感兴
趣的一个问题。
How to determine the weight and size of an
atom is a question interesting to many of us.
必须作出决定到底选用那一项。
The decision on which term to choose must be
made.
读者可能不知道该首先做这些运算中的那一个。
The reader may have no idea which of these
operations to do first.
我们得求出使 x为多大才能使这个等式成立。
We have to find out how large to make x for this
equation to hold.
II,Participle
1,As an attribute
铜是广泛使用的导体。
Copper is a widely used conductor.
A capacitor is a device consisting of two
conductors separated by a non-conductor.
Yellow added to blue produces white light.
A lamp connected across a dry cell is an example
of a simple electric circuit.
2,As an adverbial
condition,time,reason,additional
description
若已知电流和电阻，我们就能求出电压来。
Given current and resistance,we can find out
voltage.
由于铜是一种良导体，所以被广泛地用在电气工
程中。
Being a good conductor of electricity,copper is
widely used in electrical engineering.
Recognizing the importance of the ozone layer
to life on the earth,these industrial nations
committed to take some effective measures.
Silver is the best conductor,followed by copper.
Ⅲ, The with-construction
让我们以原点为圆心，做一个半径为 r的半圆。
Let us draw a semi-circle of radius r,with the
origin as its center.
我们必须紧跟以江泽民同志为核心的党中央。
We must follow closely the CPC central
committee with Comrade Jiang Zemin at the core.
Functions, time,condition,reason,further
statement,result…
由于存在摩擦，一部分功率作为热而损失掉了 。
With friction present,a part of power has
been lost as heat.
在设计因特网时，并没有考虑安全问题。
The Internet was designed without
security problems in mind.
在设计 RC电路时，只考虑一两种用途。
Without the temperature or pressure changed,
matter can never change from one state into
another.
Each planet revolves around the sun in as
elliptical orbit,with the sun at one focus of the
ellipse.
本书既讲了实际 的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论
问题，重点放在一般概念上。
Both practical design techniques and theoretical
problems are covered with emphasis on general
concepts.
QUIZ I
1,There is a 1-in-17 chance of drawing two successive hearts (红桃 )
in this manner.
2,The varieties of nonferrous (有色的 ) metals are nearly four
times what they were.
3,There are races (种，属 ) between animals large and small.
4,Leprosy does not affect most animals the way it does humans.
5,Aiken’s machine was limited in speed by its use of relays rather
than electronic devices.
6,Familiar to all with but the slightest exposure to scientific
literature,this model shows the atom as a miniature solar
system.
7,The absence of atmosphere in space will allow the space
telescope to show scientists light sources as far as 14-billion light
years away,some seven times farther out than those visible to
the biggest ground-based optical telescope.
