0\0\ 300 8 ?KOG8 ?KOG 0′?U?4?1?Y?? l ü,XVé?,|4§X ?J ??0 l Kó?,XVé?,|4§X ?J ??0 l üaKó?,Xh*ü_ E??E?? 3.1 ü 3.2 Kó? 3.1 üü 3.1.1 ü,Xn ü?/?(M!^,X4??><?J(M!^? übL$n|9 `?L8DB2?,X?0 ?6? ü4??><,X?0?Eˉ> ?V ?/? Eˉ> |9 `?L8,X?0?#B|0?èE? >/? ü NJ èJ*ü?t 3üNJ?J\ ′?/×5à o?0? ?n0?è E? >/? üi ??à4￡ úü*ü? ò 3-1,X6?￡ E?? a1, a2, a3, ..., an |9 `?L80? an ... a2 a1 üNJ t op ò 3-1 4§A?? aEˉ? ? Last In First Out?è1T/? LIFO4??><? _ 1??G? ×OA,X.kèE? ü"?F? a?t?t : ü?CK,è üS*üêè81?t?t óè?n ?óCD?TM6,XFw ?.kè5à? aó???M6,XFw ? .k? _ 2? ü?1%1 TèS*ü,X-ê +￠iTT? ? -?è üS*üêèú￠?TM6?? ó a? ?M6?à4-?ü4§X,X ??0? ? 1???êü InitStack(S) ? 2?9ü Push(S,item) ? 3??ü Pop(S,item) ? 4?9? aüNJ2?Y? GetTop(S,item) ? 5???ü ú0N StackEmpty(S) 3.1.2 ü,XNNc,| ü,XNNc,|4§X*ü?4?E24á,X,| )q ? ,ü,X!￡tDB2?èJ*üCK?0?0üi? 2O _nV?/? #define MAX_STACK 10 //ü,X??DB2?D,? typedef struct stack{ StackEntry item[MAX_STACK]; //,üDB2?,X,| ) int top; //üNJ?J}STACK; ??01k"?? 1. ??êü S void InItStack(STACK *S) { s->top=-1; } 2. 9ü void Push(STACK *S,StackEntry item) { if (S->top==MAX_STACK-1) exit(3Stack is full′); else S->item[++S->top]=item; } ò 3-2 MAX_STACK-1 ... 1 0 top= -1 3. ?ü void Pop(STACK *S,StackEntry *item) { if (StackEmpty(*S)) exit(3Stack is empty′); else *item=S->item[S->top--]; } 4. 9? aüNJ2?Y? void GetTop(STACK S,StackEntry *item) { if (StackEmpty(S)) exit(3Stack is empty′); else *item=S.item[S.top]; } 5. ??ü S ú0N int StackEmpty(STACK S) { if (S.top==-1) return TRUE; else FALSE; } 4§A??+bü,X|9 `?L8?0KYW,X(M!^ ?è1*üNNc,|4§X></,XüJá, ü|9?L8 DB2?êL??U/?|,XK?Nlèü?G￡L?1=,X &??"uY7? 3.1.3 ü,XJò?,| 81ü2?,XD,? ?ê8× èEW?êá#ù.ü2? ,XD,?èhA15×<%S*üJò?,|4§X??àú*üJò ?,|4§X></,Xü/?0 3Jòü ′?JòüE? *ü?t′ 4§&?,X )Jò><></?V ò 3-3/? +bü,X|9?L8?0 ?6? ü?0?Eˉ> è5àíb )Jò><9Aèè üOj0?|9?L84§&??U!¨0?,ìí ? ??oè1è?àú )Jò><,XOj0?0üNJ0?è G ú )Jò><,X?J\0üNJ?J\? ^ top ò 3-3 ü,XJò?,|4§X ü CAá?? ?*ü??2O _nr )?? type struct node { //Jòü,X4§&?4§X StackEntry item; //ü,XDB2?2O _ struct node *next; //? ? a4?4§&?,X?J}NODE; typedef struct stack{ NODE *top; }STACK; ?M6?àú4-?Jòü ?NM ??0,X1k"?? 1. ??êü S void InitStack(STACK *S) { S->top=NULL; } 2. 9ü void Push(STACK *S,StackEntry item) { p=(NODE*)malloc(sizeof(NODE)); if (!p) exit(OVERFLOW); else { p->item=item; p->next=S->top; S->top=p; } } 3. ?ü void Pop(STACK*S, StackEntry *item) { if (StackEmpty(*S)) exit(3Stack is empty′); else { *item=S->top->item; p=S->top; S->top=p->next; free(p); } } 4. 9? aüNJ2?Y? void GetTop(STACK S,StackEntry *item) { if (StackEmpty(S)) exit(3Stack is empty′); else *item=S.top->item; } 5. ??ü S ú0N int StackEmpty(STACK S) { if (S.top==NULL) return TRUE; else FALSE; } 3.1.4 ü,Xh*ü_ ?_Dú￠K,?Eg9,X+0úc?Eú5BEg? !¨Vè￠K,?TEg9? tset a si sihT×1k"?úEg ?? This is a test ?M6?à4-??·?E-tK?Nl,X`H1k"?? typedef char StackEntry; void ReverseRead( ) { STACK S; //n?tü4§X S char ch; InitStack(&S); //??êü while ((ch=getchar())!=?\n?) //￠K,?Eg9+0úè,èEg96> 0ú!6 Push(&S ,ch); //úEg9,X!￡t+0ú9ü while (!StackEmpty(S)) { //q ?E?üJEg?E??,X+0ú Pop(&S,&ch); putchar(ch); } putchar(μ\n?); } ?_D Eˉ DE@6?`Eˉ S*ü)E@,ìL8"?ú?t Eˉ DE@6?`Eˉ D? G*üA1 Eˉ DL81 2èJ±+-J-D×G?á !8?0è,èA1 Eˉ D 0!6?? aúY,X- D ? ?Eg?íh,X`Eˉ D? !¨V? (692)10 = (1010110100)2èJ)E@,ìL8,XE?/? V ò 3-4/? ò 3-4 L8D >L8D - D 2 692 2 346 0 2 173 0 2 86 1 2 43 0 2 21 1 2 10 1 25 0 22 1 21 0 0 1 ?M64-??·?E-tK?Nl,X`H1k"?? void Decimal _ Binary ( ) { STACK S; //nü4§X S InitStack(&S); //??êü S scanf(3%d′,data); //Eg9 Eˉ !7HD while (data) { Push(&S,data%2); //-D9ü data/=2; //>L8D dataHL81 2èk?,X>L8D } while (!StackEmpty(S)) { //q ?￠ü ?!￡?t-DèJEg? Pop(&S,&data); printf(3%d′,data); } } ?_D?P`><E??,Xà ? G!?? A? ü?t1k><E??è ?1ù ?Y/?à ?? úà ? 3? ′ ` 3? ′è?à ? 3>′ ` 3@′ `8?à ? 3^′ ` 3`′èJèE-Y/?à ? ?1Y??,X ?c +S*ü?!¨ Vè ...[...{...}...[...]...]...[...]...(...)..?)? üL??UA?Au?t1k "?è*ü9?P` üEg9,X1k><E??S*üà ?,X ü "??? 1k><E?? ?/?à ?,XS*ü??í??)?oà ?è?Y,ìh,X ?à ?a G!èJè!￡íà ?Kè ?1 +èá6??)?x ?????à ?1y*ü?t ü4§X±,!￡t?)?,Xoà ?è'F ?à ?êè￠ ü ?oà ?è?P` G!??? ü?P`E?/?è81 F1?′/????è ?1k?à ?á G!,X4§ A?? ? 1?'F¤?t ?à ?êèü?0NèAèa,? !!6è ?à ??boà ?× ? 2?￠ü ?,Xoà ?a'!?P`,X ?à ?2O _á àèAèa?)?Zà ?x ???× ? 3?1k><E??Eg9`!?èüE?Y"uY G! ,Xoà ?èAèaoà ??b ?à ?? ?M6?·?E-tK?Nl,X`H1k"?? typedef char StackEntry; int Check( ) { STACK S; //nü4§X S char ch; InitStack(&S); //??êü S while ((ch=getchar())!=?\n?) { //1+0úc?,X6?Eg9><E?? switch (ch) { case (ch==μ ?||ch== μ>?||ch== μ^?): Push(&S,ch);break; //Foà ?9ü // üF ?à ?êèú??# G!?? case (ch== μ ?): if (StackEmpty(S)) retrun FALSE; else {Pop(&S,&ch); if (ch!= μ ?) return FALSE; } break; case (ch== μ@?): if (StackEmpty(S)) retrun FALSE; else {Pop(&S,&ch); if (ch!= μ>?) return FALSE; } break; case (ch== μ`?): if (StackEmpty(S)) retrun FALSE; else {Pop(&S,&ch); if (ch!= μ^?) return FALSE; } break; default:break; } } if (StackEmpty(S)) return TRUE; else return FALSE; } 3.2 Kó?Kó? 3.2.1 Kó?,Xn Kó?(M!^? übL$n|9 ü4??><,X?0?Eˉ> è ?L8 ü4??><,X oê?0?Eˉ> ?V ò 3-5/? a 1 a 2 a 3 ... a i ... a n- 1 a n |90? ?L80? ò 3-5 |90? `?L80?F?#B|,X?E? ?àú|90? /? Kó è*ü?t 3Kó?J\ ′?/×5à?L80?>/? Kó è*ü?t 3Kó?J\ ′?/? 4§A?? Eˉ? ? First In First Out?è1T/? FIFO4??><? _ 1? L6,?+?èOjL??U? ??? ?è' aèY ?-?NNc%A?? _ 2?, $@E"QE:èhA1 üE:0-fKóèE:9 aèYNNcTE:? _ 3? ü WindowsE-2O??u,X?02?43)?W è!￡th*ü/?c ?h?2??,X 3#\C ′è￡*ü &?? T??×a|0k ·E-o?0F??D7è ?h*ü/?c ￥E?#C?!8è2?43ú!￡th*ü/?c???tKó?è*ü 9, ￥E?4-A1h*ü/?c,XY#\Cèh*ü/?c,X? )úE?/?á? ￠Kó?A? a#\CèJq ?4-? h? ?M6?à4-?Kó?4§X,X ??0? ? 1???êKó? InitQueue(Q) ? 2?9Kó EnQueue(Q,item) ? 3??Kó DeQueue(Q,item) ? 4?9? aKó2?Y? GetFront(Q,item) ? 5???Kó? ú0N QueueEmpty(Q) 3.2.2 Kó?,XNNc,| Kó?,XNNc,|4§XV? ò 3-6/? 012 n-2 n-1 a1 a2 a3 ..an -1 an front rear ò 3-6 K?Nl 1?'Kó0NêèKó `Kó?J\F? -1èKó? ú?b? ò 3-7/,X(??? 0 1 2 ... n-2 n-1 front=-1 rear=-1 ò 3-7 !8ê81Eˉ> 9Kó?0èL??UA}Kó `Kó?JF?r 1èaú?DB2?9A1!5B?3AèèE- A?5BKó?Kó?J\!5Bè üEˉ> 9Kó?0êè0NKó aM20NKó(??L??U;> ,X?0á`<? ? ?·??"?? ü1k"?èL??UíE-?/???t1  úèE-??rtZ1k"?,Xá?? ′!8è?àA??Z ?/??·??"?è GA}Kó?J\? ?Kó?,ó!7Kó2? ,X!?t!5BèV? ò 3-8/? 012 n-2 n-1 a1 a2 a3 ..an-1 an front rear ò 3-8 K?Nl 2?+bNNc,|4§X,X,|0NKè2bM-?ú G!è1è ü#?tDB2?êè ?6???)?"uY=- ),X???íbKó?9AèèE-?&? ?YW,X(M!^ ???M6?àA|A???? ò 3-10/,XKó?? 01234567 a5 a6 a7 a8 front rear ò 3-10 3$v? ′)?B5? ?·??"??ú,|Kó?2?,X?4èD4?Oj,ì yè6??t)?(??V ò 3-11/??àúE-/?6? ></,XKó?/? ~)?Kó? ? a8a7 a6 a5 76 5 4 3 2 1 0 rear front ò 3-11 A?Kó??Es,XD4? )D,? MAX_QUEUEè ü CAá??èW,X?? ü 0~MAX_QUEUE-1Kèè81rtKóêKó?J\è ? 1y*ü a?E¤1k??tHDDHL81 o?tHDD ,X-D?r)??V?/? front=(front+1)%MAX_QUEUE× rear=(rear+1)%MAX_QUEUE× ' frontê rear MAXQUEUE-1êèTE??t@? Au1k,X4§p 0?E- èSk?J\7?|+ aM6E@ !M6è6?~)?,Xp? Kó0N `Kó$μ,X??K?Nl? Kó? ?0NèKó `Kó?J\,ì1? a7 a8 76 5 4 32 1 0 rear front 76 5 4 3 2 1 0 rear front (a) (b) ò 3-12 Kó? ?$μèKó `Kó?J\3,ì1? rear front a6 a5 a4 a3 a1 a2 76 5 4 32 1 0 a6 a5 a4 a3 a1 a2 a8a7 76 5 4 32 1 0 rear front (a) (b) ò 3-13 ?·??"???Kó? oA??t??è*ü9 ú Kó? 30N ′E? 3$μ ′×`'D4? ?=??t )ê AxKó$μè!8êèKó?J\ ???!9E?TKó? J\è G? (rear+1)%MAX_QUEUE==front? 2O _n? #define MAX_QUEUE 10 //Kó?,X??DB2?D,? typedef struct queue{ //A?'D4? ?=??t )êAxKó$μ QueueEntry item[MAX_QUEUE]; //,Kó?DB2?,X,| ) int front,rear; //Kó?J\?Kó?J}QUEUE; ?NM ??01k"?? ? 1???êKó? Q void InitQueue(QUEUE *Q) { Q->front=-1; Q->rear=-1; } ? 2?9Kó void EnQueue(QUEUE *Q,QueueEntry item) { if ((Q->rear+1)%MAX_QUEUE==Q->front) exit(OVERFLOW); else { Q->rear=(Q->rear+1)%MAX_QUEUE; Q->item[Q->rear]=item; } } ? 3??Kó void DeQueue(QUEUE*Q,QueueEntry *item) { if (QueueEmpty(*Q)) exit(3Queue is empty.′); else { Q->front=(Q->front+1)%MAX_QUEUE; *item=Q->item[Q->front]; } } ? 4?9? aKó2?Y? void GetFront(QUEUE Q,QueueEntry *item) { if (QueueEmpty(Q)) exit(3Queue is empty.′); else *item=Q.item[(Q.front+1)%MAX_QUEUE]; } ? 5???Kó? Q ú0N int QueueEmpty(Queue Q) { if (Q.front==Q.rear) return TRUE; else return FALSE; } 3.2.3 Kó?,XJò?,| ü*üJò?,|4§X></Kó?êèL??UA?5BKó? J`Kó?J\è1??/Kó4§&? `Kó4§&?? ^front rear ò 3-14 9KóL??U;> ?M6Y5Aá 1? s->next=NULL; rear->next=s;rear=s; ?M6 ü CAá??èr)?Kó?Jò?,|4§X,X2O _n? type struct node { //Jò?Kó?,X4§&?4§X QueueEntry Entry; //Kó?,XDB2?2O _ struct node *next; //? ? a4?4§&?,X?J}NODE; typedef struct queue{ //Jò?Kó? NODE *front; //Kó?JNODE *rear; //Kó?J}QUEUE; ?M6?à4-?Jò?Kó?,X ??01k"?? ? 1???êKó? Q void InitQueue(QUEUE *Q) { Q->front=(NODE*)malloc(sizeof(NODE)); if (Q->front==NULL) exit(ERROR); Q->rear= Q->front; } ? 2?9Kó void EnQueue(QUEUE *Q,QueueEntry item) { s=(NODE*)malloc(sizeof(NODE)); if (!s) exit(ERROR); s->item=item; s->next=NULL; Q->rear->next=s; Q->rear=s; } ? 3??Kó void DeQueue(QUEUE *Q,QueueEntry *item) { if (QueueEmpty(*Q)) exit(ERROR); else { *item=Q->front->next->item; s=Q->front->next; Q->front->next=s->next; free(s); } } ? 4?9? aKó2?Y? void GetFront(QUEUE Q,QueueEntry *item) { if (QueueEmpty(Q)) exit(ERROR); else *item=Q->front->next->item; } ? 5???Kó? Q ú0N int QueueEmpty(QUEUE Q) { if (Q->front==Q->rear) return TRUE× else return FALSE; } êKó?,Xh*ü_ ?_D"QE:t"?0-? Lc- ￠?G?"QE:DG￡,XùEórKSè"QE:t"?0-3 #?#??ZCK9?E? "QE:t"?0-,X4§X ?T?9 · `? · )> F'èt"?E:F' ?6?Y81F5?!￡EZE: t"?F??U4￡E?Y!?C?/?è1?!? ü9 ·?fKó1í Eˉ9t"?E:F'×1`!? üt"?E:F'fKó1ít"?× 1Y!?Eˉ9? ·?fKó1í/???rLTèE-Y!? 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