全国硕士研究生考研英语测试题库：考研英语模拟试题[25]

考研英语模拟试题[25] ? Part I Structure and VocabularySection ADirections： Beneath each of the following sentences,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your anawer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 point) I′d prefer that she _____ .A)acted the teacher B)would act the teacherC)act the teacher D)was acting the teacher I will take the coat, _____ cheap or dear.A)it being B)be itC)was it D)it was She told me that she′d _____ on the committee.A)rather not to serve B)not rather to serveC)not rather serve D)rather not serve I wish that I _____ this letter before the office closed for the day.A)received B)receiveC)could have receivedD)should have received The foreign student advisor recommended that she _____ more English before Enrolling at the university.A)studied B)studyC)would study D)was studying We′d decided to open a joint account, _____ ?A)wouldn′we B)shouldn′t weC)couldn′t we D)hadn′t we _____ called did not leave his name and number.A)Someone B)AnyoneC)Whoever D)Whosever It was not until she arrived in class _____ realized she had forgotten her book.A)and she B)sheC)when she D)that she Ben would have studied medicine if he _____ to a medical school.A)could be able to enter B)was admittedC)had been admitted D)were admitted Fire safety in family houses, _____ most fire deaths occur,is difficult to achieve.A)whereB)whyC)how D)when 　 Section BDirections: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C,and D)ldentify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 points) Sally must have called (A) her sister last night, but she arrived (B) home too late (C) to call her. (D) I would rather that (A) they do not travel (B) during the bad (C) weather,but they insist that they must return (D) home today. The question arises (A) whether or no (B) his statement will bear (C) such construction. (D) The principle of radiocarbon dated (A) is the most important scientific technique to be applied (B) to (C) archaeological work in recent times. (D) One of (A) the most widespread uses (B) of survey research today is for them (C) rating (D) radio and television programs. Magnesium forms (A) a tough surface coating (B) it (C) protects the underlying (D) metal from tarnishing. The (A) results of the test proved to (B) Fred and me (C) that we needed to study harder and watch less (D) movies on television He determined, (A) what may come, (B) to return (C) the visit he had just received. (D) Last winter not a day (A) passed (B) for (C) that it snowed or sleeted. (D) He has been hoped (A) for a raise for the last (B) few months but his boss is reluctant to give (C) him one. (D) 　 Section CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points) The book was lost for years,then it turned up one day,quite out of _____ .A)the blue B)the redC)the black D)the yellow _____ the interruption,she was still able to finish her assignment before class.A)Despite B)SpiteC)In spite D)In despite The man was very conscious _____ his bold head.A)aboutB)withC)of D)for He was so engrossed in the TV programme that he forgot to _____ .A)turn the oven over B)turn the oven backC)turn the oven off D)turn the oven up No matter how angry he was he would never _____ to violence.A)resortB)resolveC)recourse D)exert The accusation left him quite _____ with rage.A)dumb B)speechlessC)silent D)mute I liked the coat but was rather _____ off by the price.A)shaken B)putC)set D)held The ruling party is worried in case they lose _____ control of the City Council in the forthcoming elections.A)overallB)wholeC)unanimous D)mass In those days a girl could not get married if her father _____ his consent.A)forbade B)upheldC)rejected D)withheld They were awaiting official _____ of the news they had heard from a friend.A)recommendationB)statementC)confirmation D)conference I′d like to _____ this old car for a new model but I can′t afford it.A)interchange B)exchangeC)replace D)convert When he woke up,he realized that the things he had dreamt about could not _____ have happened.A)possiblyB)likelyC)certainly D)potentially There is a lot of friendly _____ between the supporters of the two teams.A)contestB)rivalryC)contention D)defiance The purpose of the survey was to _____ the inspectors with local conditions.A)inform B)acquaintC)instruct D)notify _____ all his money,he didn′t seem happy.A)At B)ForC)In D)On We are fed up _____ your perpetual moaning.A)of B)byC)with D)at She′s rung _____ . I must have said something to upset her.A)up B)roundC)back D)off Of course I′ll play the piano at the party but I′m a little _____ .A)out of use B)out of reachC)out of turn D)out of practice A conceited man feels _____ to everyone else.A)superior B)beneficialC)successful D)advantageous The vocabulary of any technical discussion may include words which are never used outside the subject or field _____ .A)in viewB)in questionC)in case D)in effect 　 Part Ⅱ Cloze TestDirections: For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points)For many years,women were overlooked in the development process.Often, planners did not fully understand or (41) women′s roles in the many and varied cultures of the developing countries.Thus women-half of the people (42) —did not receive a fair share of the benefits of development efforts, (43) were they able to contribute fully to them. As a result,development has not been as successful as it could have been and we have (44) many opportunities for breakthroughs in key areas.We have,however,learned some lessons from a generation of experience with development cooperation. (45) our knowledge of women′s needs and contributions has grown, so has our ability to (46) them as agents and beneficiaries of development.Over the past few years,the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)has pioneered the integration of women (47) development programs,making it a matter of top priority.The role of women is now a major (48) in the planning and approval of Canada′s new development initiatives,and existing projects are being“retrofitted” (49) possible to take women′s needs and contributions into account.CIDA′s policy calls (50) the consideration of the role of and impact on woman in all projects.However,there is a need for specical measures, and some projects have been designed specifically to focus on women′s special needs and capacities.. 41.A)appreciate B)appoint C)apply D)acquaint42.A)revolved B)devolved C)involved D)convolved43.A)not B)nor C)no D)never44.A)left B)passed C)missed D)possessed45.A)When B)Where C)How D)As46.A)include B)comprise C)contain D)cover47.A)to B)on C)out D)into48.A)factor B)matter C)section D)particle49.A)there B)here C)where D)hence50.A)on B)forth C)for D)in 　 Part Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionDirections: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers A,B,C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(40 points)Passage 1Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most devastating forces known to man:since records began to be written down,it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have numbered in the millions,and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation.The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides, floods,fire,disease,tsunamis(gigantic sea waves),and other phenomena resulting from earthquakes,rather than from the quakes themselves.The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas.One such area encompasses the Pacific Ocean and its contiguous land masses.The other extends from the East Indies to the Atlas Mountains,including the Himalayas,Iran,Turkey,and the Alpine regions.It is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place;they may,however,happen anywhere at any time.This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake predication may be possible.By analyzing changes in animal behavior,patterns of movements in the earth′s crust,variations in the force of gravity and the earth′s magnetic field,and the frequency with which minor earth tremors(震动) are observed,scientists have shown increasing success in anticipating when and where earthquakes will strike.As a result,a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen)the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected.It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and eliminate their destructiveness altogether,but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood,man will become more and more able to deal with their potential devastation before it occurs. Based on what you have just read,which of the following is true?A)Earthquakes are highly feared,but actually relatively harmless.B)There is absolutely no way to predict when or where earthquakes might occur.C)Man is now able to predict when earthquakes will happen,but not where.D)Man is now able to predict where earthquakes will happen,but not when. What is the probable meaning of contiguous(line 9)?A)underwater B)ancientC)bordering D)huge To what does this element of the unknown(line 13)refer?A)the two great earthquake zonesB)the fact the earthquakes can happen at any time or placeC)the percentage of earthquakesD)the exact cause of earthquakes Which of the following have been used to anticipate earthquake activity? A)differences in the earth′s magnetic field and force of gravityB)how often minor earth tremors have been observedC)patterns in the movement of the earth′s crustD)all of the above Which of the following describes the author′s attitude toward the possibility of earthquake prediction?A)It will never be possible to predict earthquakes.B)Earthquakes can already be predicted with great accuracy.C)There is really no need to try to predict earthquake occurrences.D)Earthquake prediction is becoming more and more possible. 　 Passage 2Drunken driving——sometimes called America′s socially accepted form of murder——has become a national epidemic.Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers,adding up to an incredible 250 000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers,glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours.Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American macho image and judges were lenient(宽容的) in most courts,but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicised tragedies,especially involving young children,that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21,reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18.After New Jersey lowered it to 18,the number of people killed by 18—20-year-old drivers more than doubled,so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers,however,fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programmes to help young people to develop“responsible attitudes”about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and in many areas already,to a marked decline in fatalities.Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously intoxicated”and later drove off the road,killing a nine-year-old boy.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state,some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919,which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”.They forget that legal prohibition didn′t stop drinking,but encouraged political corruption and organised crime.As with the booming drug trade generally,there is no easy solution. Drunken driving has become a major problem in America because _____ .A)most Americans are heavy drinkersB)Americans are now less shocked by road accidentsC)accidents attract so much publicityD)drinking is a socially accepted habit in America Why has public opinion regarding drunken driving changed?A)Detailed statistics are now available.B)The news media have highlighted the problem.C)Judges are giving more severe sentences.D)Drivers are more conscious of their image. Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that _____ .A)many drivers were not of legal ageB)young drivers were often bad driversC)the level of drinking increased in the 1960sD)the legal drinking age should be raised Laws recently introduced in some states have _____ .A)reduced the number of convictionsB)resulted in fewer serious accidentsC)prevented bars from serving drunken customersD)specified the amount drivers can drink Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve?A)Alcohol is easily obtained.B)Drinking is linked to organised crime.C)legal prohibition has already failed.D)Legislation alone is not sufficient. 　 Passage 3Let us set out from a fact.The same type of civilization,or to use a more exact,although more extended expression,the same society,has not always inhabited the earth.The human race as a whole has grown,has developed,has matured,like one of ourselves.It was once a child,it was once a man;we are now looking on at its impressive old age.Before the epoch which modern society has dubbed“ancient”there was another epoch which the ancients called“fabulous”but which it would be more accurate to call “primitive.”Observe then three great successive orders of things in civilization, from its origin down to our days.Now,as poetry is always superposed upon society,we propose to try to demonstrate,from the form of its society,what the character of the poetry must have been in those three great ages of the world primitive times,ancient times,modern times.In primitive times,When man awakes in a world that is newly created,poetry awakes with him.In the face of the marvelous things that dazzle him,his first speech is a hymn simply.He is still,so close to God that all his thoughts are joyful,all his dreams are visions.The earth is still almost deserted.There are families,but no nations;patriarchs,but no kings.Each race exists at its own pleasure;no property,no laws,no contentions,no wars.Everything belongs to each and to all.Society is a community.Man is restrained in nought.He leads that nomadic pastoral life with which all civilizations begin,and which is so well adapted to solitary contemplation,to fanciful reverie(幻想).He follows every suggestion,he goes hither and thither, at random.His thought,like his life,resembles a cloud that changes its shape and its direction according to the wind that drives it.Such is the first man,such is the first poet.He is young;he is cynical.Prayer is his sole religion,the ode is his only form of poetry.This ode,this poem of primitive times,is Genesis.By slow degrees,however,this youth of the world passes away.All the spheres progress;the family becomes a tribe,the tribe becomes a nation.Each of these groups of men camps about a common center,and kingdoms appear.The social instinct succeeds the nomadic instinct.The camp gives place to the city,the tent to the palace,the ark to the temple.The chiefs of these states of early development are still shepherds,it is true,but shepherds of nations;the pastoral staff has already assumed the shape of a sceptre(君权).Everything tends to become stationary and fixed. Religion takes on a definite shape;prayer is governed by rites;dogma sets bounds to worship.Thus the priest and king share the paternity of the people:thus theocratic society succeeds the patriarchal community. Meanwhile the nations are beginning to be packed too closely on the earth′s surface.They annoy and jostle one another;hence the clash of empires-war.They overflow upon another;hence the migrations of nations-voyages.Poetry reflects these momentous events;from ideas it proceeds to things.It sings of ages,of nations,of empires… The author believes that the best historical age is _____ .A)primitiveB)ancient C)medievalD)modern In the above passage the primitive period is equated with the period called _____ .A)fabulous B)ancient C)medieval D)modern War,the author believes,results primarily from _____ .A)rule by kingsB)patriarchal jealousiesC)the existence of a theocratic stateD)large,closely packed populations The author draws an analogy between the growth of peoples into nationstates and the _____ .A)development of poetic verse formB)books of the Old TestamentC)great epochs in historyD)maturation of the human being from childhood to maturity Because of its unique character,a great interpreter of the periods of history is .A)the national historianB)poetryC)the biblical prophet D)storytelling 　 Passage 4Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus(舆论)that,whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on,high unemployment is probably here to stay.This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the availabe employment more widely.But we need to go further.We nust ask some fundamental questions about the future of work.Should we continue to treat employment as the norm?Should we not rather encourage many other ways for selfrespecting people to work?Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves,rather than for an employer?Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighbourhood,as well as the factory and the office,as centres of production and work?The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people′s work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed.This seems a daunting thought.But,in fact,it could offer the prospect of a better future of work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people′s homes. Later,as transport improved,first by rail and then by road,people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people′s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In preindustrial times,men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment,leaving the unpaid work of the home and familly to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded—a problem now,as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the utopian (空想的)goal of creating jobs for all,to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full time jobs. Recent opinion polls show that _____ .A)available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the populationB)new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figuresC)available employment must be more widely distributed among the unemployedD)the present high unemployment figures are a fact of life The word “revive” in the passage(para.2)probably means _____ .A)make active againB)study againC)go over agianD)find the value again The arrival of the industrial age in our historical evolution meant that _____ .A)universal employment virtually guaranteed prosperityB)economic freedom came within everyone′s graspC)patterns of work were fundamentally changedD)people′s attitudes to work had to be reversed The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries meant that _____ .A)people had to do the productive work at homeB)people were forced to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselvesC)people were able to be dependent on their landD)people were badly paid for the work they managed to find The effects of almost universal employment were overwhelming in that _____ .A)the work status of those not in paid employment sufferedB)the household and village communtiy disappeared completelyC)men now travelled enormous distances to their places of workD)young and old people became superfluous components of society 　 Part Ⅳ English-Chinese TranslationDirections: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)(71) By a faction,I understand a number of citizens,whether amounting to a majority or minority of the whole,who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest,adverse to the rights of other citizens or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community. There are two methods of curing the mischief of factions:the one,by removing its causes;the other,by controlling its effects.There are again two methods of removing the causes of faction:the one,by destroying the liberty which is essential to its existence;the other,by giving to every citizen the same opinions, the same passions,and the same interests.(72) It could never be more truly said than of the first remedy,that it was worse than the disease.(73) Liberty is to faction what air is to fire,an ailment without which it instantly expires.(74)But it could not be less folly to abolish liberty,which is essential to political life,because it nourishes faction,than it would be to wish the annihilation of air,which is essential to animal life,because it imparts to fire its destructive agency. The second expedient is as impracticable as the first would be unwise.As long as the reason of man continues fallible,and he is at liberty to exercise it,different opinions will be formed.As long as the connection subsists between his reason and his selflove,his opinions and his passions will have a reciprocal influence on each other;and the former will be objects to which the latter will attach themselves.The latent causes of faction are thus sown in the nature of man;and we see them everywhere brought into different degrees of activity,according to the different circumstances of civil society.If a faction consists of less than a majority,relief is supplied by the republican principle,which enables the majority to defeat its sinister views by regular vote….When a majority is included in a faction,the form of popular government,on the other hand,enables it to sacrifice to its ruling passion or interest both the public good and the rights of other citizens.(75) To secure the public good and private rights,against the danger of such a faction,and at the same time to preserve the spirit and the form of popular government,is the great object to which our inquiries are directed… Part V WritingDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter applying for the job advertised below,stating your relevant qualifications and experience.Your composition should be no less than 150 words. S Currently theE Company hasC a vacancy forR a secretaryE male or female,to work five daysT per week,at our branch inA Tientsin.R Benefits include:Competitive salary,staffY discount,and profit sharing bonus aftera qualifying period.Apply to the Manager in writing,giving details of qualifications and experience.ROOTS THE CHEMIST LTD),18 Shansi Road,Roots Tientsin 考研英语模拟试题[25]答案?Part?I?Structure?and?Vocabulary?Section?A(1-10)CBDCBDCDCA?Section?B(11-20)?正?确?答?案?为：A?改?为:should?have?called正?确?答?案?为：?B?改?为:did?not?travel?正?确?答?案?为：D?改?为:sach?a?construction正?确?答?案?为：A?改?为:dating?正?确?答?案?为：C?改?为:去掉them?正?确?答?案?为：C?改?为:which/that正?确?答?案?为：D?改?为:fewer?正?确?答?案?为：B?改?为:come?what?may?正?确?答?案?为：C?改?为:except?正?确?答?案?为：A?改?为:has?been?hoping?Section?C(21-40)AACCABBADCBABBBCDDAB?Part?II?Cloze?Test(41-50)ACBCDADACC?Part?III?Reading?Comprehension(51-70)BCBDDDBDBDAADDBDACBA?Part?IV?English�睠hinese?Translation?我对宗派小集团的理解是，若干公民不管是多数还是少数，在一起受共同情感或利益的激励反对其他公民的权力或者反对其周围社会的共同利益。?关于第一疗法，说它比疾病本身还坏是再正确不过了。?就像火离不开空气一样，宗派离不开自由。这是一个失调的关系。没有这种关系宗派立即消亡。?但是废除自由比要消灭空气的举动还要愚蠢，因为自由是政治生活中必不可少的，同时自由也养育着宗派；而空气又是生活中必不可少的，与此同时它又使火具备毁灭的力量。?确保公众利益和私人权力免遭这种宗派小集团的威胁，同时保护这种精神和维护公众的政府体制是我们探索研究的伟大目的。