NHCE Book One
Unit 3
Pre-reading Activities
Background Information
1,Manhattan is a suburb of New York.
2,Brooklyn is a suburb of New York.
3,Ebbets Field is the stadium built by and
named after Charlie Ebbets,the owner of the
Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team,The first
game played in this former home of the
Brooklyn Dodgers took place in 1938,The
Dodgers no longer play for Brooklyn,For more
information,visit http://www.baseball-
almanac.com/stadiume.shtml and
http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/e
bbets.htm
4,Dodgers,The Dodgers,the
name of a baseball team; the team
originally played for Brooklyn but
now it no longer plays for Brooklyn.
For more information,visit
http://www.mcny.org/brookln2.ht
m
Lead-in Activities
One form of communication that has a positive
influence on us is the act of deep caring,When
words fail and nothing else seems to work,a
simple,kind act of caring can change our lives,lift
our spirits and give us a model to follow — to live
up to for the rest of our lives,In this unit,we read
three stories that touch us deeply,They show how
even with personal problems,all of us,if we use
our courage,our imagining,and our giving nature,
can choose to make others' lives better,It's a
noble life-goal that,living our daily lives in a way
that makes life better for others,Why not do kind
things for others every day of your life? Do them
without any thought of gain for yourself,and see
what happens,You may be surprised and pleased
with the result.
While-reading Activities
New Words
Lean
1,rest on sth,in a listing position for
support
倚；靠
There is a ladder leaning against the
wall.
有一架梯子靠在墙上。
The old man leaned upon his stick.
那位老人倚着拐杖。
2,be in a listing position; bend
倾斜；倾向；偏向
Don't lean out of the window.
balance
1,even sharing of weight; even; equal
平衡；均衡
Riders need a good sense of balance,
骑马的人需要有良好的平衡感。
It's difficult to keep one's balance on an icy street.
在结冰的街道上保持平衡是不容易的。
2,condition that exists when two opposites are
equal or in even lots or percents
均势,平衡
Try to achieve a better balance between work and
play.
要努力使工作和娱乐更好地平衡。
This newspaper keeps a good balance in its
printing of different opinions,
这家报纸在发表各种不同的观点方面保持着良好的平衡。
severe
1,very bad,intense,difficult,etc
非常恶劣的；紧张的；困难的
a severe headache
剧烈的头疼
The dry spell is becoming more and more
severe.
旱灾日益严重。
2,strict or hard in thinking or treatment;
using strict discipline
严格的；严肃的；严厉的
a severe punishment
严厉的惩罚
Was the judge too severe on the thief?
法官对小偷太严厉了吗？
coordinate
cause (different parts,body parts,etc)
to work together very well
使协调
The plan was not very well coordinated.
那项计划各部分协调得不好。
We must coordinate our efforts to help
people influenced by the flood.
我们必须齐心协力去帮助遭受水灾的灾民。
halt
v,stop;interrupt 暂停；中断；中止
Work was halted when the machine
broke down,机器出故障时，工作停了下来。
n,A stop or pause暂停；中断；中止
The car came to a halt in time to
prevent an accident,汽车及时刹住,避免了一场事故。
Production was brought to a halt by a
strike,
由于罢工,生产停顿了。
adjust,V.
1,(to) become or make suited (to new conditions);
to change 使适应（新环境）；适应
The former soldiers had difficulty in adjusting to
ordinary life,
退役军人难以适应平民的生活。
The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in
temperature.
人体很快自行调节以适应气温变化。
2,(to) change (sth.) by a small bit so that it will
fit or be right for use; make regular 调整；校准；调准
adjust the focus of a camera
调整照相机的焦距
My eye glasses need adjusting,
我的眼镜需要校准。
Subway n
1,[C] a railway under the ground in a city
（城市中的）地下铁道
He travels to work by subway every day,
他每天乘地铁上班。
subway station
地铁车站
2,[C] a tunnel for walking under the ground,
esp,one under a road or railway
（尤指马路或铁路下方的）地下通道；人行隧道
subway to cross the road
穿过马路的人行隧道
Amaze v
fill (sb.) with great surprise or
wonder
使大为惊讶；使惊愕
He amazed everyone by passing his
driving test,
他通过了驾驶员考试而令大家非常惊讶。
We were amazed at the change in
how he looked,
我们对他外表的改变感到惊讶。
Stress n
1,demands or worry (resulting from mental
or body problems,difficult situations,etc.)
（由于精神、体力不适或困境等造成的）压力；忧虑；紧张
He suffered from great stress.
他受到很大压力。
the stresses and strains of modern life
现代生活的紧张和压力
2,special pushing or importance
强调；重视
He feels that there is not enough stress on
drawing at the school,
他认为学校对绘画重视不够。
Stress v
1,give particular importance to; push
强调,重视
He stressed the need of careful planning,
他强调要精心计划。
2,give force to (a word or word-part)
when speaking
重读,读重音
The word "machine" is stressed on its
second syllable,"machine"
这个词第二个音节读重音。
complaint
1,the act of saying that one is not satisfied or
unhappy 抱怨；诉苦
The road-works caused much complaint among
local neighbours,
修路工程使当地居民叫苦连天。
You have no cause for complaint,
你没有理由诉苦。
2.a report of lack of satisfaction 控告；投诉；抱怨
She made a complaint about the noise.
她就噪音问题提出了投诉。
We've received many complaints about bad
work.
我们收到了不少关于工艺低劣的投诉。
Engage v
1,(in) (cause sb.) take part in or be
occupied in sth.
（使）从事；（使）忙于
I have no time to engage in telling
stories.
我没有时间闲聊。
be engaged in business
经商
2,employ sb.; hire sb.
雇用；聘用
She was engaged as a teacher,
她被聘作教师。
He's been engaged to paint the house,
他被雇来油漆这所房子。
3,use or attract (sb.'s thoughts,time,
etc.)
使全神贯注；引起（注意）；占用（时间）
Nothing engages his attention for long.
什么也不能长时间地吸引住他的注意力。
The woman's problem engaged our
feelings,
那个妇女所处的困境引起了我们的同情。
Punch v
1,strike (sb./sth.) hard with the fist
用拳猛击
punch a man in the face
用拳猛击某人的脸
He has a face I'd like to punch,
他有一张我很想饱以老拳的脸。
2,use a punch to cut (a hole) in (sth.)
用打孔机打孔
The ticket-collector punched my ticket.
售票员在我的票上打了个孔。
Urge v
1,try hard or repeatedly to persuade
(sb.) 力劝
He urged us to go.
他力劝我们去。
"Don't give in now,"she urged.
"不要现在就让步,"她竭力劝道。
2,encourage or excite sb,to do sth.
鼓励；催促；鞭策
The manager urged his staff on to
greater efforts.
经理督促全体职员更加努力。
Urge n
a strong wish or need
强烈愿望,迫切需求
I had a sudden urge to tell the
boss the whole truth,
我突然产生一种强烈愿望,想把全部真相告诉老板。
reluctant
unwilling and therefore slow to
work with sb.,agree,etc,
不愿意的；迟迟不合作的；不同意的
a reluctant student
一个不愿上学的学生
She was very reluctant to admit
the truth,
她很勉强地承认了事实真相。
complain
(about,of) say that one is not
satisfied,unhappy 抱怨；诉苦
You're always complaining!
你总是没完没了地抱怨。
She complained to me about his
bad manners,
她向我诉说他的粗暴无礼。
Language Points
A Good Heart to Lean
On (title)
Meaning,A good heart to depend on for
support and encouragement,Notice
that in this sense,"lean" is used with
the preposition "on",
They always lean on us when they are
in trouble,他们有困难时总寻求我们的支持。
The minister leaned on his advisers for
support,这位部长依靠他的顾问支持。
When I was growing
up,..,(Para,1)
Meaning,When I was developing
from a child to a man; before I
had become adult
...his hand on my arm
for balance..,(Para,1)
Meaning:..,his hand was on my
arm for balance or with his hand
on my arm for balance
for balance,so as to spread his
weight evenly
You set the pace,I will try to
adjust to you,(Para,2)
Meaning,You decide the speed of walking
and I will try to change my speed and keep
up to yours.
set the pace,fix the speed
The fast runner set the pace,and the others
followed,跑得较快的赛跑者决定步速,其他的人则跟着跑。
adjust to,change a little to make right or
suitable for a particular situation or purpose,
Notice here "adjust" is very often used with
"to".
My eyes haven't adjusted to the dark in the
room yet,我的眼睛还未适应房间中的黑暗。
.despite nasty weather,
(Para,3)
Meaning,even with terrible weather;
although the weather was very bad,Notice
that no "of" is used after "despite",Look at
the following sentences:
I went out despite (or in spite of) the rain,
虽然下着雨,我还是出了门。
Despite (or In spite of) mistakes and
weaknesses,it is a good composition,尽管有错误和不足,这还是一篇好作文。
...and would make it to
the office even if others
could not,(Para,3)
Meaning,arrive in time at the office even
if others could not.
make it,This phrase has two meanings,1)
arrive in time 2) succeed with efforts
I think we'll just make it! 我想我们会及时到达 !
It's hard to make it to the top in the show
business,想在演艺圈出人头地,殊非易事。
..,the lower steps that the
warmer tunnel air kept free of
ice,(Para,4)
Meaning,the lower steps that the warmer
tunnel air kept without ice.
free of (or,from),without (something or
someone unwanted); safe from;
untroubled or not marked by,
Look at the following two examples:
The old lady is never free of (or,from)
pain,那位老妇人一直在遭受痛苦。
Meals are provided free of charge,膳食免费供应。
..,subject himself to such
shame and stress,(Para,5)
Meaning,experience such shame and stress
subject (one / oneself) to,cause to experience
or suffer,
The officials subjected him to the worst
possible punishment,当局给予他最严厉的惩罚。
He was subjected to torture,他受到了严刑拷打。
The scientists subjected the product to a
number of severe tests,科学家对这种产品进行了数次严格测试。
Now that I am older,I
believe,..,(Para,7)
Meaning,Because I am older,I believe...,
Here "now that" is used as a conjunction,
meaning "since" when we are talking about the
effect of an event or change,This conjunction
can be shortened to "now",For example:
Now (that) John has arrived,we can begin,既然约翰来了,我们可以开始了。
Now (that) she's found him,she'll never let
him go,既然她找到了他,就决不会放他走了。
I like him a lot now (that) he's older,他现在老了,我倒十分喜欢他。
And when I came home on leave,
he saw to it that I visited his
office,(Para,11)
Meaning,And when I came home from the Navy
for a holiday,he made sure that I visited his office,
The verb phrase "see to" means "take care,make
sure",When this phrase is followed by a that-
clause,we can either say "..,see to it that-clause"
or simply "..,see that-clause",Please look at the
following examples:
Father saw to it that much of my spare time was
not wasted.父亲极力注意不让我的许多业余时间白白浪费。
See that you are not late again,务请注意不要再迟到。
Post-reading Activities
Exercises
I,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,
Change the form where necessary.
severely
inwardly
coordinate
envious
reluctance
urge
occasion
complain
amaze
balance
1,She smiled,but she was very angry
_____.
2,We were ______to hear the news
that the well-known writer,in her late
eighties,was still writing a book.
3,He translated not only from the
English,but also,on _____,from the
French.
4,The American couple ______about
the high cost of visiting Europe.
5,He had repeatedly ____her to come
to the United States to join him,but she
was still reluctant.
6,Government officials visited the flood
area on Thursday morning to _____the
relief efforts.
7,He finally agreed to sign the
agreement,but with some _____.
8,I don't think I'm ____of your success
at your present job,
Homework
Translate the following sentences into
English
1,既然你计划移居加拿大,那你必须努力适应寒冷的气候 。
2,他承诺帮助我们买下那幢房子,但有点勉强 。
3,这是一次重要的会议,请务必不要迟到 。
4,他是个有经验的商人 ; 他做国际贸易已有好几年了 。
5,她力劝我接受那个新职位,虽然那职位报酬并不优厚。
Unit 3
Pre-reading Activities
Background Information
1,Manhattan is a suburb of New York.
2,Brooklyn is a suburb of New York.
3,Ebbets Field is the stadium built by and
named after Charlie Ebbets,the owner of the
Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team,The first
game played in this former home of the
Brooklyn Dodgers took place in 1938,The
Dodgers no longer play for Brooklyn,For more
information,visit http://www.baseball-
almanac.com/stadiume.shtml and
http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/e
bbets.htm
4,Dodgers,The Dodgers,the
name of a baseball team; the team
originally played for Brooklyn but
now it no longer plays for Brooklyn.
For more information,visit
http://www.mcny.org/brookln2.ht
m
Lead-in Activities
One form of communication that has a positive
influence on us is the act of deep caring,When
words fail and nothing else seems to work,a
simple,kind act of caring can change our lives,lift
our spirits and give us a model to follow — to live
up to for the rest of our lives,In this unit,we read
three stories that touch us deeply,They show how
even with personal problems,all of us,if we use
our courage,our imagining,and our giving nature,
can choose to make others' lives better,It's a
noble life-goal that,living our daily lives in a way
that makes life better for others,Why not do kind
things for others every day of your life? Do them
without any thought of gain for yourself,and see
what happens,You may be surprised and pleased
with the result.
While-reading Activities
New Words
Lean
1,rest on sth,in a listing position for
support
倚；靠
There is a ladder leaning against the
wall.
有一架梯子靠在墙上。
The old man leaned upon his stick.
那位老人倚着拐杖。
2,be in a listing position; bend
倾斜；倾向；偏向
Don't lean out of the window.
balance
1,even sharing of weight; even; equal
平衡；均衡
Riders need a good sense of balance,
骑马的人需要有良好的平衡感。
It's difficult to keep one's balance on an icy street.
在结冰的街道上保持平衡是不容易的。
2,condition that exists when two opposites are
equal or in even lots or percents
均势,平衡
Try to achieve a better balance between work and
play.
要努力使工作和娱乐更好地平衡。
This newspaper keeps a good balance in its
printing of different opinions,
这家报纸在发表各种不同的观点方面保持着良好的平衡。
severe
1,very bad,intense,difficult,etc
非常恶劣的；紧张的；困难的
a severe headache
剧烈的头疼
The dry spell is becoming more and more
severe.
旱灾日益严重。
2,strict or hard in thinking or treatment;
using strict discipline
严格的；严肃的；严厉的
a severe punishment
严厉的惩罚
Was the judge too severe on the thief?
法官对小偷太严厉了吗？
coordinate
cause (different parts,body parts,etc)
to work together very well
使协调
The plan was not very well coordinated.
那项计划各部分协调得不好。
We must coordinate our efforts to help
people influenced by the flood.
我们必须齐心协力去帮助遭受水灾的灾民。
halt
v,stop;interrupt 暂停；中断；中止
Work was halted when the machine
broke down,机器出故障时，工作停了下来。
n,A stop or pause暂停；中断；中止
The car came to a halt in time to
prevent an accident,汽车及时刹住,避免了一场事故。
Production was brought to a halt by a
strike,
由于罢工,生产停顿了。
adjust,V.
1,(to) become or make suited (to new conditions);
to change 使适应（新环境）；适应
The former soldiers had difficulty in adjusting to
ordinary life,
退役军人难以适应平民的生活。
The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in
temperature.
人体很快自行调节以适应气温变化。
2,(to) change (sth.) by a small bit so that it will
fit or be right for use; make regular 调整；校准；调准
adjust the focus of a camera
调整照相机的焦距
My eye glasses need adjusting,
我的眼镜需要校准。
Subway n
1,[C] a railway under the ground in a city
（城市中的）地下铁道
He travels to work by subway every day,
他每天乘地铁上班。
subway station
地铁车站
2,[C] a tunnel for walking under the ground,
esp,one under a road or railway
（尤指马路或铁路下方的）地下通道；人行隧道
subway to cross the road
穿过马路的人行隧道
Amaze v
fill (sb.) with great surprise or
wonder
使大为惊讶；使惊愕
He amazed everyone by passing his
driving test,
他通过了驾驶员考试而令大家非常惊讶。
We were amazed at the change in
how he looked,
我们对他外表的改变感到惊讶。
Stress n
1,demands or worry (resulting from mental
or body problems,difficult situations,etc.)
（由于精神、体力不适或困境等造成的）压力；忧虑；紧张
He suffered from great stress.
他受到很大压力。
the stresses and strains of modern life
现代生活的紧张和压力
2,special pushing or importance
强调；重视
He feels that there is not enough stress on
drawing at the school,
他认为学校对绘画重视不够。
Stress v
1,give particular importance to; push
强调,重视
He stressed the need of careful planning,
他强调要精心计划。
2,give force to (a word or word-part)
when speaking
重读,读重音
The word "machine" is stressed on its
second syllable,"machine"
这个词第二个音节读重音。
complaint
1,the act of saying that one is not satisfied or
unhappy 抱怨；诉苦
The road-works caused much complaint among
local neighbours,
修路工程使当地居民叫苦连天。
You have no cause for complaint,
你没有理由诉苦。
2.a report of lack of satisfaction 控告；投诉；抱怨
She made a complaint about the noise.
她就噪音问题提出了投诉。
We've received many complaints about bad
work.
我们收到了不少关于工艺低劣的投诉。
Engage v
1,(in) (cause sb.) take part in or be
occupied in sth.
（使）从事；（使）忙于
I have no time to engage in telling
stories.
我没有时间闲聊。
be engaged in business
经商
2,employ sb.; hire sb.
雇用；聘用
She was engaged as a teacher,
她被聘作教师。
He's been engaged to paint the house,
他被雇来油漆这所房子。
3,use or attract (sb.'s thoughts,time,
etc.)
使全神贯注；引起（注意）；占用（时间）
Nothing engages his attention for long.
什么也不能长时间地吸引住他的注意力。
The woman's problem engaged our
feelings,
那个妇女所处的困境引起了我们的同情。
Punch v
1,strike (sb./sth.) hard with the fist
用拳猛击
punch a man in the face
用拳猛击某人的脸
He has a face I'd like to punch,
他有一张我很想饱以老拳的脸。
2,use a punch to cut (a hole) in (sth.)
用打孔机打孔
The ticket-collector punched my ticket.
售票员在我的票上打了个孔。
Urge v
1,try hard or repeatedly to persuade
(sb.) 力劝
He urged us to go.
他力劝我们去。
"Don't give in now,"she urged.
"不要现在就让步,"她竭力劝道。
2,encourage or excite sb,to do sth.
鼓励；催促；鞭策
The manager urged his staff on to
greater efforts.
经理督促全体职员更加努力。
Urge n
a strong wish or need
强烈愿望,迫切需求
I had a sudden urge to tell the
boss the whole truth,
我突然产生一种强烈愿望,想把全部真相告诉老板。
reluctant
unwilling and therefore slow to
work with sb.,agree,etc,
不愿意的；迟迟不合作的；不同意的
a reluctant student
一个不愿上学的学生
She was very reluctant to admit
the truth,
她很勉强地承认了事实真相。
complain
(about,of) say that one is not
satisfied,unhappy 抱怨；诉苦
You're always complaining!
你总是没完没了地抱怨。
She complained to me about his
bad manners,
她向我诉说他的粗暴无礼。
Language Points
A Good Heart to Lean
On (title)
Meaning,A good heart to depend on for
support and encouragement,Notice
that in this sense,"lean" is used with
the preposition "on",
They always lean on us when they are
in trouble,他们有困难时总寻求我们的支持。
The minister leaned on his advisers for
support,这位部长依靠他的顾问支持。
When I was growing
up,..,(Para,1)
Meaning,When I was developing
from a child to a man; before I
had become adult
...his hand on my arm
for balance..,(Para,1)
Meaning:..,his hand was on my
arm for balance or with his hand
on my arm for balance
for balance,so as to spread his
weight evenly
You set the pace,I will try to
adjust to you,(Para,2)
Meaning,You decide the speed of walking
and I will try to change my speed and keep
up to yours.
set the pace,fix the speed
The fast runner set the pace,and the others
followed,跑得较快的赛跑者决定步速,其他的人则跟着跑。
adjust to,change a little to make right or
suitable for a particular situation or purpose,
Notice here "adjust" is very often used with
"to".
My eyes haven't adjusted to the dark in the
room yet,我的眼睛还未适应房间中的黑暗。
.despite nasty weather,
(Para,3)
Meaning,even with terrible weather;
although the weather was very bad,Notice
that no "of" is used after "despite",Look at
the following sentences:
I went out despite (or in spite of) the rain,
虽然下着雨,我还是出了门。
Despite (or In spite of) mistakes and
weaknesses,it is a good composition,尽管有错误和不足,这还是一篇好作文。
...and would make it to
the office even if others
could not,(Para,3)
Meaning,arrive in time at the office even
if others could not.
make it,This phrase has two meanings,1)
arrive in time 2) succeed with efforts
I think we'll just make it! 我想我们会及时到达 !
It's hard to make it to the top in the show
business,想在演艺圈出人头地,殊非易事。
..,the lower steps that the
warmer tunnel air kept free of
ice,(Para,4)
Meaning,the lower steps that the warmer
tunnel air kept without ice.
free of (or,from),without (something or
someone unwanted); safe from;
untroubled or not marked by,
Look at the following two examples:
The old lady is never free of (or,from)
pain,那位老妇人一直在遭受痛苦。
Meals are provided free of charge,膳食免费供应。
..,subject himself to such
shame and stress,(Para,5)
Meaning,experience such shame and stress
subject (one / oneself) to,cause to experience
or suffer,
The officials subjected him to the worst
possible punishment,当局给予他最严厉的惩罚。
He was subjected to torture,他受到了严刑拷打。
The scientists subjected the product to a
number of severe tests,科学家对这种产品进行了数次严格测试。
Now that I am older,I
believe,..,(Para,7)
Meaning,Because I am older,I believe...,
Here "now that" is used as a conjunction,
meaning "since" when we are talking about the
effect of an event or change,This conjunction
can be shortened to "now",For example:
Now (that) John has arrived,we can begin,既然约翰来了,我们可以开始了。
Now (that) she's found him,she'll never let
him go,既然她找到了他,就决不会放他走了。
I like him a lot now (that) he's older,他现在老了,我倒十分喜欢他。
And when I came home on leave,
he saw to it that I visited his
office,(Para,11)
Meaning,And when I came home from the Navy
for a holiday,he made sure that I visited his office,
The verb phrase "see to" means "take care,make
sure",When this phrase is followed by a that-
clause,we can either say "..,see to it that-clause"
or simply "..,see that-clause",Please look at the
following examples:
Father saw to it that much of my spare time was
not wasted.父亲极力注意不让我的许多业余时间白白浪费。
See that you are not late again,务请注意不要再迟到。
Post-reading Activities
Exercises
I,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,
Change the form where necessary.
severely
inwardly
coordinate
envious
reluctance
urge
occasion
complain
amaze
balance
1,She smiled,but she was very angry
_____.
2,We were ______to hear the news
that the well-known writer,in her late
eighties,was still writing a book.
3,He translated not only from the
English,but also,on _____,from the
French.
4,The American couple ______about
the high cost of visiting Europe.
5,He had repeatedly ____her to come
to the United States to join him,but she
was still reluctant.
6,Government officials visited the flood
area on Thursday morning to _____the
relief efforts.
7,He finally agreed to sign the
agreement,but with some _____.
8,I don't think I'm ____of your success
at your present job,
Homework
Translate the following sentences into
English
1,既然你计划移居加拿大,那你必须努力适应寒冷的气候 。
2,他承诺帮助我们买下那幢房子,但有点勉强 。
3,这是一次重要的会议,请务必不要迟到 。
4,他是个有经验的商人 ; 他做国际贸易已有好几年了 。
5,她力劝我接受那个新职位,虽然那职位报酬并不优厚。
