Unit 17
? 17.1 Language Structures
? 17.2 Dialogues
? 17.3 Readings
17.1 Language Structures
Relative Clauses
the Usage of Relative Pronouns ―that‖ & ―which‖,
A) in restrictive relative clauses,when the
antecedent refers to ―things or events‖,―which‖
and ―that‖ are interchangeable,but the former is
more formal than the latter;
B) in non-restrictive relative clauses,―which‖ is the
only choice and a comma should appear before
―which‖,
Only ―that‖
,That‖ problems in relative clauses,cases where
only ―that‖ can be used
? 1 (person + thing / animal)
e.g,The train ran over a boy and his dog that
were just crossing the track,
? 2 (anything,everything,all,any,little,much,
none…)
e.g,All that live must die,
Nothing that I could say had any influence
on him,
? 3 (the very /only/ next/ last/ little/ same + n; any/
every/ no/ all the + n )
e.g,You may take any book that you like,
There is no one that can deny the fact,
? 4 (the first/ second … + n)
e.g She was the first student that solved these
five problems,
? 5 (the most…/ greatest + n)
e.g,This is the most beautiful sunset that I’ve
ever seen
? 6 (relative pronoun as the predicate in relative
clause)
e.g,China is not the country that it was,
Tom is not the boy that he was,
? 7 (prep,+ which ? that …,prep )
e.g,Have you seen the book that we’re looking
for?
? 8 (who + that,cf,those who)
e.g,Who that has common sense can do such a
thing?
? 9 (antecedents indicating quality,position)
e.g,He has not the position that Brown has,
He has a look that is intellectual,but
somewhat bloodless,
? 10 what
e.g,What does she do that is so different?
她做的是很不相同的吗？
Language Points in LSP
1 rock garden,(BrE rockery) a garden or part of
garden in which rocks are arranged with plants
growing in them 假山园林、园艺
2 beef stew,food prepared by stewing especially
beef with vegetables
3 chisel,a metal tool with a sharp beveled edge,
used to cut and shape stone,wood,or metal,
4 spanner,(AmE wrench) a hand tool that is used
to hold or twist a nut or bolt
5 open-ended:allowing for or adaptable to change
6 gadget,a device that is very useful for a
particular job; a small specialized mechanical or
electronic device; a contrivance,
7 paralytic stroke,a sudden severe attack of
paralysis 中风
17.2 Dialogues
Warming-up Questions,
1 How much do you know about Traditional
Chinese Medicine?
2 List some differences between the Chinese and
the Western medical treatment
3 If you are ill,which medical treatment do you
prefer,the Chinese one or the Western one?
Why?
4 TCM and Science
Does it work?
How does it work?
4 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),also
known simply as Chinese medicine (中醫學,中药学 )
or traditional Oriental medicine,is the name
commonly given to a range of traditional medical
practice originating in China thousands of years
ago,Primary medical theoretical foundation of TCM
includes that of Five Elements and Yin-yang,
Treatments are done with reference to this
philosophical framework,
5 TCM theory,TCM is based on the
philosophical concept that if balance is restored,
the person heals,TCM seeks to balance yin and
yang,Qi,Blood,Jing,Body fluids,the Five
Elements,the emotions,and the spirit (Shen),
There are different schools of thought within TCM
theory,including Five Element theory and Zang Fu
theory,TCM has a unique model of the body which
is different from the models in other traditions,
6 TCM diagnostics
Because traditional Chinese medicine predates the
more invasive medical testing used in conventional
Western medicine,TCM requires skill in a range of
diagnostic systems not commonly used outside of
TCM,Much of this diagnostic skill involves
developing the abilities to observe subtle
appearances; to observe that which is right in front
of us,but escapes the observation of most people
Diagnostic techniques
?Palpation of the patient's radial artery pulse in six
positions
?Observation of the appearance of the patient's
tongue
?Observation of the patient's face
?Palpation of the patient's body (especially the
abdomen) for tenderness
?Observation of the sound of the patient's voice
?Observation of the surface of the ear
?Observation of the vein on the index finger on
small children
?Comparisons of the relative warmth or coolness of
different parts of the body
?Anything else that can be observed without
instruments and without harming the patient
Language Points,
1 My fever’s gone,’s = is? or has?
2 I’m almost myself again,I’m almost completely
recovered,
3 meditation,the act or process of treating with
medicine
4 prescribe,to set down as a rule; to order as a
remedy 规定；开处方
-scrib-,-script-,[Latin] ―to write‖
scribe,person whose occupation is writing作家
script,written text of a play,speech手稿，脚本
ascribe,~ sth to [to add to in writing] 把 … 归于 …
describe,[to write down] present/ give a picture in
words 描写，描绘；叙述
inscribe,~ sth on/in [to write on] engrave,write,or
print to create a lasting record 题写，镌刻
manuscript,[hand + script] document written by
hand,or typewritten 手稿，原稿
proscribe,[to write an outlaw’s name in public] to
outlaw,prohibit,forbid 宣布 … 违法，禁止
subscribe,[underneath] sign; to agree with,
support; to agree to pay; to pay money to 签名；支
持；捐款；订阅（报刊）
Scripture,(the act of writing) 圣经，圣典
5 herb,(herbal) any of various often aromatic
plants used especially in medicine or as seasoning
6 specialize (vi) + in,to pursue a special activity,
occupation,or field of study,
7 attend to,take charge of or deal with; work for or
be a servant to
8 by nature,(adv) with an inborn quality; through
inherent nature 天生，与生俱来的（特性）
in nature,in character 实质上的，现实的
e.g,Apes are curious by nature,
The role of the Board is only advisory in nature,
? is by nature scientific == has a scientific nature
9 mean…by…,to convey,denote a special
meaning with…
e.g,Everything depends on what you mean by the
word ―free‖,
10 That is a big topic for a casual chat,the topic
seems a little complex and needs much time to
explain 一时半会儿说不清楚
11 ailment,an illness,usually not a serious one
12 make sense,to have a clear meaning
e.g,No matter how you read it,this sentence
does not make any sense,
13 mystical,full of spiritual power
14 They work on the same principle as the herbal
medicine,the two medicines share the same
working theory
15 complement,? complementary,
complementation
16 make up (for),to provide sth good,so that sth
bad seems less important
17 diagnose [v],? diagnosis [n]
18 beyond me,beyond my understanding; more
than what I can understand
19 望：察神色、形态、舌苔、大小便
闻：听语言、呼吸、喘息、咳嗽；嗅气味
问：询问病史、发病经过、生活习惯，药后情况
切,切脉，脉象，按触肌肤、胸腹、胁肋
20 Rudyard Kipling:Joseph Rudyard Kipling
(December 30,1865 – January 18,1936
) was a British author,poet,born in India,He is
best known for the children's story The Jungle
Book (1894 ),the Indian spy novel Kim (1901 ),the
poems "Gunga Din (1892) and "If - (1895 ),and
his many short stories,He was also an outspoken
defender of Western imperialism,coined the
phrase "The White Man's Burden " and embodied
what that implied in the hymnlike strophes of
"Recessional,a Victorian Ode" (1897) with its
refrain "Lest we forget— lest we forget." The height
of his popularity was the first decade of the 20th
century ; in 1907 he was awarded the Nobel Prize
for Literature,and in 1934 he shared the
Gothenburg Prize for Poetry with William Butler
Yeats,In his own lifetime he was primarily
considered a poet,and was even offered a
knighthood and the post of British Poet Laureate —
though he turned them both down,
21 Chauvinistic,Chauvinism is extreme and
unreasoning partisanship on behalf of a group to
which one belongs,especially when the
partisanship includes malice and hatred towards a
rival group,The term is derived from Nicolas
Chauvin,a soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte
? male chauvinism 大男子主义
22 to do sb justice,to treat sb fairly; to be fair
17.3 Readings
1 The
Parent in
Us
2 My
Forever
Valentine
The Parent in Us
Like father,like son,
Parents are the first teachers to little children,
Question 1,
Why do parents have so strong an impact on
us,especially when we are little children?
At the very beginning of our life,most of which
we spend together with our parents,we are too
young to judge what the old/ adults say (without
the ability to tell ―right‖ from ―wrong‖),and we just
take it as ―truth‖; gradually,the second ―Smith‖
(or Zhang San) come into being,
近 朱 者 赤 ；近 墨 者 黑 。
Question 2
As the apple of our parents’ eye,can or shall we
find faults with our parents’s advice?
In a Chinese family,generally,the children are told
or learn to be obedient; so,the young generation
more or less lack the spirit of independence,at
least outwardly,
Question 3
In the future,what shall we do to our children?
Too much love will result in a spoilt child,Too little
love will bring about a child without love,That’s the
problem for parents,
Language Points,
1 a large collection of ―recordings‖,the things from
parents that impressed upon us
2 Almost all of the them can be recalled under the
proper conditions,Much of Parents’ impression
upon us can be activated/ triggered with some
similar hints,
3 the set of rules and laws that was imposed by the
young person’s parents,家教，家规，家风，规矩
impose sth on sb,to force sb to accept (laws,
ideas,opinions)
e.g,They have imposed restrictions on trade with
foreign companies,
I wouldn't want to impose my views on anyone,
4 shape,(v) to influence a person,idea,or situation
develops 塑造，影响，成型
5 beliefs about himself or herself and about the
world,the knowledge--- who and what they are,
what the world is
6 socialize,(v) to cause to fit into a society 使步入社会
7 demean,[fml] to lower in the position of oneself
or others 贬、抑（人品、人格）
e.g,Such behavior demeans you in my eyes,
Don’t demean yourself by doing anything
dishonorable,
8 ―Never give a sucker an even break‖,
sucker,[infml] someone who is easily tricked
e.g,One poor sucker had actually given her his
life’s savings,
? Never give a fool a fair chance to make things
better,
9 ―come on‖,appear
10 It’s a voice out of the past,… extracting from
out past experiences,
11 get into the act,to help you to make decision
12 Try to take advantage of its good advice,but
also try to avoid being hurt by the bad,
Comments,it is easy to say so; but the problem is
for us to define the quality of their advice,good or
bad,
My Forever Valentine
Valentine:[February 14,Saint Valentine's Day,
Valentine Day,Valentine's Day] a day for the
exchange of tokens of affection
Language Points
1 timing elaborate meals,setting the time for/
scheduling luxuriant/ sumptuous meals
2 chitchat,light informal conversation for social
occasions; gossip
3 holiday cheers,drinks for holiday [liquor,wine,
spirit,etc]
4 don,[Middle English,contraction of do on] to put
on
5 bow tie,a man's tie; ties in a bow
6 shine,especially of the complexion,show a
strong bright color,such as red or pink 容光焕发
7 recollection of the magic,recall/ remembrance of
the charm
8 cutting out valentines,cutting out heart-shaped
cards
9 decorate a ―mailbox‖,make a beautiful mailbox
10 usher in,to be a precursor of; herald; announce;
bring forth 宣布；预示
e.g,The fall of the Berlin Wall ushered in the
post-Cold War period,
11 bittersweet,mixing with bitter and sweet苦乐参半
--〉 take the bitter with the sweet 甘与苦都接受
12 popularity contests,名望大赛；人气大赛
13 red glass,ruby,红色玻璃，红宝石
14 birthstone,a gemstone associated with a
particular month and customarily worn by persons born during that month
15 give way to,be replaced by
16 In those years my thank-yous became more of a
perfunctory response,my thankfulness to my father
was rather superficial,without showing genuine feeling of love and gratitude
perfunctory,done routinely and with little interest or
care 例行公事的；敷衍塞责的；马虎的
17, significant others‖,who? Mr,Right
18 relegate,pass on; refer to another person for decision or judgment
e.g,She likes to relegate difficult questions to her
colleagues,
19 assortment,a collection of various kinds; a
variety; separation into classes 类，种
20 that put a lump in your throat and tears in your
eyes,that make you feel sad and want to cry 哽咽
无语
22 tulip,we associate tulips with
Holland 郁金香
23 scrawl,to write or draw
quickly or carelessly
24 legible,(of writing) that can
be read easily
25 bulletin board:留言板；公
告板
Thank You
? 17.1 Language Structures
? 17.2 Dialogues
? 17.3 Readings
17.1 Language Structures
Relative Clauses
the Usage of Relative Pronouns ―that‖ & ―which‖,
A) in restrictive relative clauses,when the
antecedent refers to ―things or events‖,―which‖
and ―that‖ are interchangeable,but the former is
more formal than the latter;
B) in non-restrictive relative clauses,―which‖ is the
only choice and a comma should appear before
―which‖,
Only ―that‖
,That‖ problems in relative clauses,cases where
only ―that‖ can be used
? 1 (person + thing / animal)
e.g,The train ran over a boy and his dog that
were just crossing the track,
? 2 (anything,everything,all,any,little,much,
none…)
e.g,All that live must die,
Nothing that I could say had any influence
on him,
? 3 (the very /only/ next/ last/ little/ same + n; any/
every/ no/ all the + n )
e.g,You may take any book that you like,
There is no one that can deny the fact,
? 4 (the first/ second … + n)
e.g She was the first student that solved these
five problems,
? 5 (the most…/ greatest + n)
e.g,This is the most beautiful sunset that I’ve
ever seen
? 6 (relative pronoun as the predicate in relative
clause)
e.g,China is not the country that it was,
Tom is not the boy that he was,
? 7 (prep,+ which ? that …,prep )
e.g,Have you seen the book that we’re looking
for?
? 8 (who + that,cf,those who)
e.g,Who that has common sense can do such a
thing?
? 9 (antecedents indicating quality,position)
e.g,He has not the position that Brown has,
He has a look that is intellectual,but
somewhat bloodless,
? 10 what
e.g,What does she do that is so different?
她做的是很不相同的吗？
Language Points in LSP
1 rock garden,(BrE rockery) a garden or part of
garden in which rocks are arranged with plants
growing in them 假山园林、园艺
2 beef stew,food prepared by stewing especially
beef with vegetables
3 chisel,a metal tool with a sharp beveled edge,
used to cut and shape stone,wood,or metal,
4 spanner,(AmE wrench) a hand tool that is used
to hold or twist a nut or bolt
5 open-ended:allowing for or adaptable to change
6 gadget,a device that is very useful for a
particular job; a small specialized mechanical or
electronic device; a contrivance,
7 paralytic stroke,a sudden severe attack of
paralysis 中风
17.2 Dialogues
Warming-up Questions,
1 How much do you know about Traditional
Chinese Medicine?
2 List some differences between the Chinese and
the Western medical treatment
3 If you are ill,which medical treatment do you
prefer,the Chinese one or the Western one?
Why?
4 TCM and Science
Does it work?
How does it work?
4 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),also
known simply as Chinese medicine (中醫學,中药学 )
or traditional Oriental medicine,is the name
commonly given to a range of traditional medical
practice originating in China thousands of years
ago,Primary medical theoretical foundation of TCM
includes that of Five Elements and Yin-yang,
Treatments are done with reference to this
philosophical framework,
5 TCM theory,TCM is based on the
philosophical concept that if balance is restored,
the person heals,TCM seeks to balance yin and
yang,Qi,Blood,Jing,Body fluids,the Five
Elements,the emotions,and the spirit (Shen),
There are different schools of thought within TCM
theory,including Five Element theory and Zang Fu
theory,TCM has a unique model of the body which
is different from the models in other traditions,
6 TCM diagnostics
Because traditional Chinese medicine predates the
more invasive medical testing used in conventional
Western medicine,TCM requires skill in a range of
diagnostic systems not commonly used outside of
TCM,Much of this diagnostic skill involves
developing the abilities to observe subtle
appearances; to observe that which is right in front
of us,but escapes the observation of most people
Diagnostic techniques
?Palpation of the patient's radial artery pulse in six
positions
?Observation of the appearance of the patient's
tongue
?Observation of the patient's face
?Palpation of the patient's body (especially the
abdomen) for tenderness
?Observation of the sound of the patient's voice
?Observation of the surface of the ear
?Observation of the vein on the index finger on
small children
?Comparisons of the relative warmth or coolness of
different parts of the body
?Anything else that can be observed without
instruments and without harming the patient
Language Points,
1 My fever’s gone,’s = is? or has?
2 I’m almost myself again,I’m almost completely
recovered,
3 meditation,the act or process of treating with
medicine
4 prescribe,to set down as a rule; to order as a
remedy 规定；开处方
-scrib-,-script-,[Latin] ―to write‖
scribe,person whose occupation is writing作家
script,written text of a play,speech手稿，脚本
ascribe,~ sth to [to add to in writing] 把 … 归于 …
describe,[to write down] present/ give a picture in
words 描写，描绘；叙述
inscribe,~ sth on/in [to write on] engrave,write,or
print to create a lasting record 题写，镌刻
manuscript,[hand + script] document written by
hand,or typewritten 手稿，原稿
proscribe,[to write an outlaw’s name in public] to
outlaw,prohibit,forbid 宣布 … 违法，禁止
subscribe,[underneath] sign; to agree with,
support; to agree to pay; to pay money to 签名；支
持；捐款；订阅（报刊）
Scripture,(the act of writing) 圣经，圣典
5 herb,(herbal) any of various often aromatic
plants used especially in medicine or as seasoning
6 specialize (vi) + in,to pursue a special activity,
occupation,or field of study,
7 attend to,take charge of or deal with; work for or
be a servant to
8 by nature,(adv) with an inborn quality; through
inherent nature 天生，与生俱来的（特性）
in nature,in character 实质上的，现实的
e.g,Apes are curious by nature,
The role of the Board is only advisory in nature,
? is by nature scientific == has a scientific nature
9 mean…by…,to convey,denote a special
meaning with…
e.g,Everything depends on what you mean by the
word ―free‖,
10 That is a big topic for a casual chat,the topic
seems a little complex and needs much time to
explain 一时半会儿说不清楚
11 ailment,an illness,usually not a serious one
12 make sense,to have a clear meaning
e.g,No matter how you read it,this sentence
does not make any sense,
13 mystical,full of spiritual power
14 They work on the same principle as the herbal
medicine,the two medicines share the same
working theory
15 complement,? complementary,
complementation
16 make up (for),to provide sth good,so that sth
bad seems less important
17 diagnose [v],? diagnosis [n]
18 beyond me,beyond my understanding; more
than what I can understand
19 望：察神色、形态、舌苔、大小便
闻：听语言、呼吸、喘息、咳嗽；嗅气味
问：询问病史、发病经过、生活习惯，药后情况
切,切脉，脉象，按触肌肤、胸腹、胁肋
20 Rudyard Kipling:Joseph Rudyard Kipling
(December 30,1865 – January 18,1936
) was a British author,poet,born in India,He is
best known for the children's story The Jungle
Book (1894 ),the Indian spy novel Kim (1901 ),the
poems "Gunga Din (1892) and "If - (1895 ),and
his many short stories,He was also an outspoken
defender of Western imperialism,coined the
phrase "The White Man's Burden " and embodied
what that implied in the hymnlike strophes of
"Recessional,a Victorian Ode" (1897) with its
refrain "Lest we forget— lest we forget." The height
of his popularity was the first decade of the 20th
century ; in 1907 he was awarded the Nobel Prize
for Literature,and in 1934 he shared the
Gothenburg Prize for Poetry with William Butler
Yeats,In his own lifetime he was primarily
considered a poet,and was even offered a
knighthood and the post of British Poet Laureate —
though he turned them both down,
21 Chauvinistic,Chauvinism is extreme and
unreasoning partisanship on behalf of a group to
which one belongs,especially when the
partisanship includes malice and hatred towards a
rival group,The term is derived from Nicolas
Chauvin,a soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte
? male chauvinism 大男子主义
22 to do sb justice,to treat sb fairly; to be fair
17.3 Readings
1 The
Parent in
Us
2 My
Forever
Valentine
The Parent in Us
Like father,like son,
Parents are the first teachers to little children,
Question 1,
Why do parents have so strong an impact on
us,especially when we are little children?
At the very beginning of our life,most of which
we spend together with our parents,we are too
young to judge what the old/ adults say (without
the ability to tell ―right‖ from ―wrong‖),and we just
take it as ―truth‖; gradually,the second ―Smith‖
(or Zhang San) come into being,
近 朱 者 赤 ；近 墨 者 黑 。
Question 2
As the apple of our parents’ eye,can or shall we
find faults with our parents’s advice?
In a Chinese family,generally,the children are told
or learn to be obedient; so,the young generation
more or less lack the spirit of independence,at
least outwardly,
Question 3
In the future,what shall we do to our children?
Too much love will result in a spoilt child,Too little
love will bring about a child without love,That’s the
problem for parents,
Language Points,
1 a large collection of ―recordings‖,the things from
parents that impressed upon us
2 Almost all of the them can be recalled under the
proper conditions,Much of Parents’ impression
upon us can be activated/ triggered with some
similar hints,
3 the set of rules and laws that was imposed by the
young person’s parents,家教，家规，家风，规矩
impose sth on sb,to force sb to accept (laws,
ideas,opinions)
e.g,They have imposed restrictions on trade with
foreign companies,
I wouldn't want to impose my views on anyone,
4 shape,(v) to influence a person,idea,or situation
develops 塑造，影响，成型
5 beliefs about himself or herself and about the
world,the knowledge--- who and what they are,
what the world is
6 socialize,(v) to cause to fit into a society 使步入社会
7 demean,[fml] to lower in the position of oneself
or others 贬、抑（人品、人格）
e.g,Such behavior demeans you in my eyes,
Don’t demean yourself by doing anything
dishonorable,
8 ―Never give a sucker an even break‖,
sucker,[infml] someone who is easily tricked
e.g,One poor sucker had actually given her his
life’s savings,
? Never give a fool a fair chance to make things
better,
9 ―come on‖,appear
10 It’s a voice out of the past,… extracting from
out past experiences,
11 get into the act,to help you to make decision
12 Try to take advantage of its good advice,but
also try to avoid being hurt by the bad,
Comments,it is easy to say so; but the problem is
for us to define the quality of their advice,good or
bad,
My Forever Valentine
Valentine:[February 14,Saint Valentine's Day,
Valentine Day,Valentine's Day] a day for the
exchange of tokens of affection
Language Points
1 timing elaborate meals,setting the time for/
scheduling luxuriant/ sumptuous meals
2 chitchat,light informal conversation for social
occasions; gossip
3 holiday cheers,drinks for holiday [liquor,wine,
spirit,etc]
4 don,[Middle English,contraction of do on] to put
on
5 bow tie,a man's tie; ties in a bow
6 shine,especially of the complexion,show a
strong bright color,such as red or pink 容光焕发
7 recollection of the magic,recall/ remembrance of
the charm
8 cutting out valentines,cutting out heart-shaped
cards
9 decorate a ―mailbox‖,make a beautiful mailbox
10 usher in,to be a precursor of; herald; announce;
bring forth 宣布；预示
e.g,The fall of the Berlin Wall ushered in the
post-Cold War period,
11 bittersweet,mixing with bitter and sweet苦乐参半
--〉 take the bitter with the sweet 甘与苦都接受
12 popularity contests,名望大赛；人气大赛
13 red glass,ruby,红色玻璃，红宝石
14 birthstone,a gemstone associated with a
particular month and customarily worn by persons born during that month
15 give way to,be replaced by
16 In those years my thank-yous became more of a
perfunctory response,my thankfulness to my father
was rather superficial,without showing genuine feeling of love and gratitude
perfunctory,done routinely and with little interest or
care 例行公事的；敷衍塞责的；马虎的
17, significant others‖,who? Mr,Right
18 relegate,pass on; refer to another person for decision or judgment
e.g,She likes to relegate difficult questions to her
colleagues,
19 assortment,a collection of various kinds; a
variety; separation into classes 类，种
20 that put a lump in your throat and tears in your
eyes,that make you feel sad and want to cry 哽咽
无语
22 tulip,we associate tulips with
Holland 郁金香
23 scrawl,to write or draw
quickly or carelessly
24 legible,(of writing) that can
be read easily
25 bulletin board:留言板；公
告板
Thank You
