Unit 1 Text B A.课文内容提要 How to get through the interview. The followings my help you. Before the interview, equip yourself with your own credentials, find out something about the company and your employer, make sure your appearance is neat, and arrive on time. Throughout the interview, be friendly, courteous and relaxed, answer the questions simply, directly and honestly, try to raise your questions when it’s to be an end. After that, that a polite leave. B.词汇详解 1.application n.申请，请求 ?The manager received many applications for the position. 经理已收到许多求职申请书。 ?We made an application to court for an enquiry. 我们曾请求法院调查。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：apply v.请求；apply for 申请，请求；applicant n.申请人，求职者 [常用短语] application(to sb.)(for sth.)由某人对某事的申请 2.arrange v. 1.安排，整理 ?She’s good at arranging flowers.她擅长插花。 2.预做，计划 ?A marriage has been arranged between Mr. Brown and Miss White. 布朗先生和怀特小姐的婚礼已经筹备好了。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：arrangement n.安排，整理。复数形式：arrangements n.计划，准备 [常用短语] arrange(with sb)(for/about sth)约定，商定；arrange for 改写 3. detail 1.n.细节；详情，细目 ?Every detail of her dress was perfect. 她衣服上的每一个细节都很完美。 ?Could you explain that in detail? 请你把它详细说明一下好吗？ 2.v.详细描写或说明 ?The characteristics of the machine are fully detailed in our brochure. 这机器的性能在我们的小册子里详细的描写。 [常用短语] go/enter into details; explain sth.in detail详细说明；detail for/to 详细描写 4.equip v. 供给……所需的东西；装备 ?They equipped themselves for that camp.他们准备好去露营。 ?The PLA has been equipped with modern weapons. [记忆技巧]同源派生词：equipment n.装备 [常用短语] equip…with以……装备；be equipped with装备了…… 5. patience n. 容忍，耐心，耐性，忍耐性 ?I haven’t the patience to hear your complaints. 我没有耐心听你的抱怨。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：patient n.病人；adj.有耐心的 常用搭配词组：be patient with sb. [常用短语] be out of patience(with)对……忍无可忍 6.emphasis n.强调；（赋予）特殊价值或重要性 ?Our school lays special emphasis on language study. 我们学校特别注重语言的学习。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：emphasize v.强调，加强……的语气；emphases n. (emphasis的复数形式）；emphatic adj.语气强的，强调的；emphatically adv.强调地 [常用短语] lay/place/put emphasis on 对……强调/加强 C. 词组用法 1.get through(sth.)通过（考试等），相当于pass；接通电话；（话语）被理解 类似词组有：get through with sth.结束。 ?Tom failed but his sister got through. 汤姆考试不及格，但他的妹妹及格了。 ?As soon as I get through with my work,I’ll join you. 一完成我的工作，我就去找你们。 ?It’s not easy to get through that country because a war is going on there.因为那里在打战，要通过该国是不容易的。 ?It is quite difficult to get through to the deaf. 要想让聋子明折是相当难的。 2.prepare for 为……准备 类似短语有：prepare to do sth.准备做……；get/be ready for为……做准备；make(good)preparations for…做……准备。 ?All the teacher should prepare their students for the exam. 所有的老师都该指导学生准备考试。 ?As a soldier,he prepares to devote himself to his motherland. 作为一中战士，他随时准备奉献给自已的祖国。 3.in case 万一，如果 类似短语有：in case of万一，如果；in any case 无论如何；in no case 决不；in this/that case若是这样（那样）的话。 ?In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. 如果我忘记了，请提醒我许下的诺言。 ?In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.万一失火的话，请按警铃。 4.on one’s part或on the part of sb. 由某人表现出来的,由某人做出的 类似短语有:for one’s part 就某人而言。 ?The agreement has been kept on my part but not on his. 我遵守这个协议，而他却没有。 ?For my part, I’m quite happy about my job. 就我而言，我对自己的工作很高兴。 5.in hand 手中（有待处理的事） 类似短语有：on hand手头上（指手能拿到的范围内） ?We can leave not because we have unimportant matter in hand. 我们不能离开，因为手中有一项重要事情要处理。 ?You’d better have a dictionary on hand.你最好手头上有本字典。 6.be at an end 穷尽，到……尽头，结束 类似短语有：come to an end 完毕，结束 ?I warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 我警告你，我的耐心已到头了。 ?The war came to end at last .战争终于结束了。 7.be fresh in one’s mind 历历在目，记忆犹新 ?The series of explosions are still fresh in our mind. 系列爆炸仍历历在目。 D.疑难词语辨析 1.wage,salary,income和earnings Wage n.意为“工资”，以小时、天或周计算或计件。但通常是以天或周支付。 Salary n.意为“薪水，俸薪”（通常为年俸，按月发给） Income n.意为“收入，所得”（指某一段时间中所得而言，如薪金商业收益，投资所获利润等）。 Earnings.(常用复数形式）意为“赚得的钱”，强调的是钱本身。 ?His wage is ?50 a week.他的工资为每周50英镑。 ?The CEO has got a salary of $200,000 per annum. 这位首席执行官的年薪为200，000 ?Tax was payable on income level ? 2000. 收入达二千英镑者应该缴税。 ?This prodigal has spent all the earnings. 这个败家子把家里赚来的所有钱都花光了。 2.on time和in time on time意为“按时，准时”，指刚好在事情发生之时，不早也不迟；in time意为“及时”，指在约定的时间之内。 ?The train came in on time .火车准时到达。 ?We were in time for the train.我们赶上了火车。 3.sensible和sensitive sensible adj. 意为“有判断力的，明智的，明理的”。副词形式：sensibly明智地，明显地。 sensitive adj.意为“敏感的，容易感受的”。常用短语: (be) sensitive to. ?That was sensible of you.你那样做很明智。 ?The eyes are sensitive to light.眼睛对光敏感。 4.clerk 和secretary clerk n.（银行、办公室、商店等雇用的）办事员；书记员（从事保管案卷、账册、抄写信件等工作）。 secretary n.（办公室中雇来为整个部门处理信函，保管档案，安排约会或业务；或者为某一个人处理类似事务者）秘书；书记（为某一党派内的一职务）。 ?She thought that she satisfied the qualifications of a bank clerk. 她认为自己符合银行职员的条件。 ?As a secretary, sometimes she has to work overtime. 作为一名秘书，有时她不得不加班。 E.课文重点难点详解 1. Let us suppose that your letter of application for a job has been received by your prospective employer and you have been asked to go to the office for an interview.(paragraph 1,line 1)假如你的求职信已经被可能聘你的雇主收到，并请你去他的办公室面试。 prospective adj. 有望的；预期的；未来的。Prospect n.期望；景象。Prospects n.盼望，希望之事。 ?This is the prospective Labor candidate.这是未来的工党候选人。 ?I see little prospect of his recovery.我看他没有痊愈的希望。 ?The manager held out bright prospects to me if I would accept the position.如果我愿意接受那个职位，经理答应给我光明的前途。 2. Make a list of all the points you want to ask about if you have a chance. (paragraph 2,line 1)列出你有机会问的一切要点。 make a list of 列出。 ?Please make a list of those who will attend the opening ceremony. 请列出参加开幕式的人员名单。 ?You’d better make a shopping list before going to shops. 去买东西前，你最好列张购物清单。 3.In fact,if you can,be a little early.(paragraph3,line 2)实际上，如果能够的话，还是早一点。 in fact实际上。 ?He looks honest in disguise, but in fact he’s a rogue. 他伪装很忠厚，实际上是个流氓。 类似短语有：actually, virtually, as a matter of fact. 4.Thirdly,make a little extra effort with your appearance.(paragraph 5,line 1)第三，要格外注意你的仪表。 effort n.努力，尽力，努力尝试。 ?Does it require a great effort to quit bad habits? 戒除坏习惯需要坚强的毅力吗？ ?They’ll try to make every effort to help us when we are in trouble. 当我们处于困境中，他们将尽力帮助我们。 [常用短语] make great/a little /no/little effort(to do sth)费……力气去做某事；without effort 不费力 5.Do not show impatience if you feel the interviewer is repeating things or asking questions that have no relevance to the matter in hand.(paragraph 6,line 3)如果感到面试者反复提问或问一些与当前无关的问题，别表现出不耐烦。 have no relevance to 与……无关。类似短语有：have little(ir-) relevance to 或be relevant to 与……有关。 ?It’s said that Bin Laden has relevance to the explosions in New York and Washington.据说本?拉丹与纽约和华盛顿的爆炸有关。 ?What you said is irrelevant to the subject.你说的不切题。 6.Ask first of all about promotion prospects,other examinations you can take to get ahead and so on.(paragraph 7,line 5)首先要问有关晋升的前景，今后发展所需的考试等问题。 1.get ahead(of sb)成功，有进展，前进并超过（某人）。 ?Tom has got ahead of all the other guys in his class. 汤姆已胜过了班上其他男孩子。 2.and so on 表示“等等”。 ?Bamboo can be used for building houses,cooking,paper-making,and so on.竹子可以用来建房、煮饭、造纸等等。 类似短语有：and so forth及etc(拉丁语etcetera). F.课文佳句背诵 1. At the same time check the times of buses and ferries so that you are sure to arrive on time. 2. Read through your curriculum vitae again so that it is fresh in your mind. 3. Stand until you are invited to sit straight in the chair, do not lounge relax and smile. 4. Do not show impatience if you feel the interviewer is repeating things or asking questions that have no relevance to the matter in hand. 5. You have as much right to be concerned about your future work as the interviewer has about your ability to do the job. G.课文参考译文 面 试 假设你的求职信已被有望聘用你的雇主收到，并请你到办公室面试，你将如何准备在面试中表现一番呢？以下建议将能帮你完成求职时十分重要的第一步。 首先，一旦你得知已经安排面试，就要尽力做好准备。列出你有机会想问的一切要点。备上所有的证书和其他有关文件，开一分清单，列出你所通过的考试（标明课程和学分），所有上过的学校，从事的运动和在校时担任的一切职务。如果你以前有过职业，也要详细地列出来，并说明离职的原因。也许你已提供了详细的材料，但也要随身带一份副本，以备万一对方向你索要。这显示你的办事效率。 其次，尽量弄清楚可能聘用你的雇主的情况，公司的业务范围，地址和开业的时间。同时，了解公共汽车和渡船时间，这样你才有把握准时到达。实际上，如果可能的话，还是早一点为好。谁也不想雇用一个总是迟到的职员！ 第三，要格外注意你的仪表。头发整齐吗？衣服是否烫过？衣服干净吗？鞋子擦过吗？这样，价钱准备就绪，按时到办公室，等着叫你去面试。如果感到有点紧张，就做一做深呼吸。再读一遍你的简历，以便清晰地印在脑海里。 当面试者或秘书请你进去时，你的仪表和举止要得体。没叫你坐，不可以就坐。并且，要坐直，别懒洋洋地靠在椅子上。要放松，面带微笑。 面试者开始会问有关你自己的事，你的简历，甚至可能会问到你对未来的希望。回答问题要简单、直接、诚实。如果你感到这位面试者在重复一些事或部及一些与目前无关的问题，别表现出不耐烦。也许，面试者只是想知道你是否有自己的观点，或者你能否合情合理、有条不紊地表达。回答问题时，眼睛要直视对方。如果被问及你的家庭或学校，说话时要表露出忠诚和爱心。称呼对方为“先生”或“女士”，或直呼其名—如果人家要你这样称呼的话。没有叫你拿出证书和其他文件就别出示。如果你曾经考试不及格，或以前有过一份工作， 别怕谈论这件事。如果问你希望得到多少薪水，要按广告上的数字提出来。 如果你觉得面试快要结束，就得准备提你的问题了。面试者可能会问你是否有什么问题，但是没有问你的话，就要等待合适的时机。面试者有权了角你能否做好这份工作的能力，你同样有权关心自己未来的工作。切勿不合时宜地强调有关假期、休假、午餐休息、运动设施等到问题。首先要询问有关晋升的前景，今后发展所需参加的其他考试等等。 面谈结束时要起立，与面试者道别，然后离去。 课外补充练习 Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words given in the brackets. 1. She promise not to his secret.(revelation) 2. John said he regretted his bad .(act) 3. He is the only after the explosion. (survive) 4. The TV show was interrupted by too many .(commerce) 5. That’s a good for nuclear power station.(locate) 6. Mary is lucky enough to marry John Smith, a very person. (think) 7. What’s the between the two ideas? (connect) 8. Ann thought she was a qualified for that position.(apply) 9. The secretary will make a good for me. (arrange) 10. The of this lab took time and money.(equip) 11. Before interviewing, we have the documents ready.(relevance) 12. The chairman the matter once again.(emphasis) D. Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the best one that completes the sentence. 1. His writing was greatly by his experience in the country. A. effected B.efficient C.offered D.affected 2. What you have done will not have your fame. A. a good effect in B.a good affect on C.affected D.a good effect on 3. The PR workers are doing their best to the company’s character. A. conceal B.expose C .reveal D.uncover 4. Construction is forbidden for others to enter. A. place B.location C.site D.spot 5. He has passed the exam, he can get his degree. A. Therefore B.Consequently C.Now that D.Due to 6. It’s an error . A. on my own B.of my own C.for my part D.on my part 7. I’m here to see you. A. especially B.especial C.special D. specially 8. How successful they were would the speed with which the product could be sent to each of the shops. A. depend on B.decide on C.look upon D.share with 9. With this work efficiency,the annual production is expected to . A. increasing 100% B.an increase of 100% C.100% of increase D.increase by 100% 10. She wanted to visit the city so much that nothing could her. A. surprise B.keep C.conquer D. dissuade 11. The teacher asked a difficult question,but finally Ted a good answer. A. stuck to B.looked into C.caught up with D.cam up with 12. The baby laughed he understood what his mother said. A. even if B.as if C.although D.as 13. If he had worked hard . A. he might have passed the final exam B.he might pass the final exam C.he has passed the final exam D.he passed the final exam 14. Never in my life . A. have I seen such a beautiful flower B.I have seen such a beautiful flower C.have I not seen such a beautiful flower D.I have not seen such a beautiful flower 15. Overwork often illness. A. results from B.consequences C.leads to D.breaks out 16. In those miserable days, his words gave me . A. consideration B.account C.confidence D.concern 17. I was scolded, for everyone was here me. A. as well as B.besides C.except D.in addition 18. The meeting open yesterday morning. A. declared B.was declared C.was declaring D.be declared 19. You are so easily upset. You have to learn . A. behavior B.temper C.control D.patience 20. Some prefer swimming, like roller-skating. A.no one B.not everybody C.not all D.not each 21. He doesn’t really his occupation,so he may be fired soon. A. care about B.worry about C.be worried about D.care for 22. When you this task let’s take a trip abroad. A.get through B.go through C.go over D.get through with 23. Anybody calls for me, I’ll be back at three o’clock. A. In case of B.In some cases C.In no case D.In case 24. These are the decisions you have to weigh . A. when to choose a college to attend B.when choosing a college to attend C.a college chosen to attend D.a college you choose to attend 25. The police investigation discovered that three young men were in the robbery. A. caught B.involved C.connected D .found ? .Translate the following into English. 1.你不考虑清楚的话,对你的前途是没好处的. 2.为了能通过这次考试,你开始就该好好地安排复习. 3.公司有权了解员工是否有做好本职工作的能力,你同样有权关心自己的工作. 4.凡打算做经理的人都应尽可能地接受挑战,尽可能地丰富自己的阅历及尽可能广泛地接受教育. 5.纽约和华盛顿的劫机恐怖事件,在我心中记忆犹新. 6.不管同事是怎样的人,你尽量和他友好相处. 7.假如你想通过这场面试,你必须格外注意你的外表. 8.一个公司要想生存和发展,就必须对自己的产品或服务充满信心. 课外补充练习答案及详解 1.reveal 动词,有作动词不定式,“泄露”.句意为:她答应替他保守秘密. 2.action 名词,“行为”。 3.survivor 名词， “幸存者”.句意为:他是这场爆炸中的唯一幸存者。 4.commercials 名词， “广播和电视中的商业广告”。 5.location 名词，表示“地方，场所”。 6.thoughtful 形容词，“考虑周到的，体贴的”。名意为：玛丽很幸运嫁给约翰?史密斯—一个很会体贴的人。 7.connection 名词，“联系，关系”。句意为：这两个观点有什么 联系？ 8.applicant 名词，“申请人，申请者”。句意为：Ann认为自己够条件申请那个职位。 9.arrangement 名词，“安排”。Make an arrangement 意为“安排”。 10.equipment 名词，“装备，设备”。句意为：装备他的实验室花了许多时间和金钱。 11.relevant 形容词，“有关的，相关的”。 12.emphasize 动词，“强调，加强，突出”。 II 1.D 被动语态,表示“受到……影响” 2.D have an effect on是一个固定的词组,“对……有影响/有效果”,符合本题句意. 3.C reveal在此意为“展示”. 4.C site指发生事故的地方,地点. 5.C now that “既然”,表示原因. 6.D on one’s part “由某人所作出的”. 7.D 在此应选副词,specially 表示目的,意为“特别地”. 8.A depend on “依靠,取决于”. 9.D 连接动词原形,因为在动词不定式后面.“涨到某种程度”,用by+百分数. 10.D dissuade 劝阻,劝诫. 11.D come up with“产生,发现(解决办法,答案)” 12.B as if/though “似乎，好像”。 13.A 这是虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，主句由情态动词 might +现在完成时。 14.A 这是个否定的倒装句，根据句意应先A，而C中再次出现否定词则错误的。 15.C “导致，因……而诱发”，表结果。 16.C confidence 名词，意为“信心”。 17.C 意为：除我没到。 18.C 根据时间及语态判断，应为过去进行时。 19.D 根据语法应该接名词，根据句意应选D，意为“耐心”。 20.C 句意为部分否定。而谓语动词是like,为复数形式。 21.D care for “喜欢”。 22.D get through with“结束”。 23.D 意为“万一”，后接句子。而in case of 后接名词或名词短语。 24.A 这里是“疑问词+动词不定式结构”，句意为：什么时候选择上大学你必须作出决定”。 25. B be involved in “与……有关， 卷入……里”。 III 1. Unless you take it into account, it can do little to help you future. 2. In order to pass this examination, you should have begun by planning your review. 3. You have as much right to be concerned about your work as the company has about your ability to do your job. 4. Those who plan to be executives should get as many challenges, much experience and broad an education as possible. 5. The horrific hijacks in Washington and New York are still fresh in my mind. 6. You should try your best to be on good terms with your colleague no matter who he is. 7. If you want to get through this interview, you have to make a little extra effort with your appearance. 8. A company must have confidence in its products and service if it is to survive and grow. Unit 2 Text A A.课文内容提要 Culture means an entire way of life of a society, or of a people. Different cultures have their own patterns of life. It’s rather than instinctive behavior. The diversity of culture shows different attitude to ideas of what is beautiful and ways to treat dead bodies. But it has nothing to do with right or wrong, for it is simply that different people do the some things in different ways. B.词汇详解 1. basic adj. 基本的，基础的，根本的 ?Here is the basic vocabulary of College English Test Band8 这里有大学英语考试八级的基本词汇。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：base n.基础，根基，底，（军队的）基地；v.适于……之地,以……为根据,如base sth. On/upon…; basement 地下室; baseball棒球; basis主要成分, 基础(通常用作比喻);basically adv. 基本地,根据地 2. bind v. 1.束, 缚,捆 ? Bind your shoe laces fast,or they will come loose. 系紧你的鞋带,否则会松开. 2.装订 ? The two books are so thin that it’s best to bind up them into one. 这两本书这么薄,最好把他们订成一册. 3.包扎 ? Before doing some cleaning, she bound up her head. 打扫卫生前,她把头包起来. [记忆技巧]同源派生词:binder n.包扎者;bindery n.装订所/厂; bind-ing 有约束力的,有束缚力的 [常用短语] bind together 捆在一起;bind with与……捆在一起;bind up 包扎 3. disgust 1. n. 厌恶, 憎恶 in disgust厌恶f ;disgust at sth./with sb. 对某事或某人厌恶. ?He turned away in disgust.他厌恶地把脸转开. ?His disgust at his job caused him to be dismissed. 对工作的厌恶导致他被解雇. 2.v. 使人厌恶,使人作呕 ?His behavior disgusted everybody.他的行为使每一个人都厌恶. [记忆技巧]同源派生词:disgusting adj.厌恶的;disgustingly adv. (口语extremely) 很,相当,非常;disgustedly厌恶地 [常用短语] be disgusted at/by/with对……厌恶 4. expose v. 1.揭露,弃置,使暴露 ? Don’t expose your TV set to the sunlight. 勿把你的电视机置于阳光下. 2.展览,陈列 ? The shop owners often expose goods in the shop windows. 店主常把货物陈列于橱窗内. [记忆技巧]同源派生词:exposition n.解释,说明;展览(略作expo.) [常用短语]expose…to …使……暴露于…… 5. shock n.1.冲击,震动 ?She fell down to the floor because of earthquake shocks. 由于地震引起的颤动,她摔倒在地上. 2.电击 ?If you touch that live line, you’ll get a shock. 如果你接触那条通电的电线,你会触电. 3.休克,震惊 ?The news of his mother’s death was a terrible shock to him. 他母亲死亡的消息使他极为震惊. ?He died of shock following an operation on the brain. 他死于大脑手术后发生的休克. v.使休克,使震惊,使愤慨 ?We’re extremely shocked at the traffic incident. 那起交通事故使我深感震惊. [记忆技巧]同源派生词:shocking adj.极坏的,令人震惊的,不好的;shockingly adv.恶劣地 [常用短语] be shocked at/by sth.对……感到震惊;be shocked to do sth.做……感到震惊 C.词组用法 1.at one time 1.同时,一起 类似短语有:at the same time;at once. ?I can’t do two jobs at one time.我不能同时干两份活. 2.一起 ?Let’s restart it,all at one time.让我们一起重新开始吧. 3.过去某一时候 ?At one time turtles were popular food everywhere.过去盛行吃甲鱼 2. Be born with 天生具有 ?It’s said IQ is something born with.据说智商是天生具有的东西. 3.differ from…to… 与……不相同 ?Our way of life differs from yours. 类似的短语有:differ with 不同意. ?I’m sorry to say that I differ with you on that issue. 很对不起,在这个问题上我和你持不同意见. 4.dispose of 处理,除去,处置 ?The dictator soon disposed of his opponents. 那位独裁者不久就把他的反对者清除了. ?He doesn’t want to dispose of the land.他不想处理那块地.- 5.feel in one’s heart 内心感到…… ?Everybody felt in their hearts that all the terrorists should be punished severely.大家内心感到恐怖分子该受到严厉惩罚. D.疑难词语辨析 1.pattern和model pattern n. “方式,型”。指某事发生和发展的方身或式样。 model n. “模范。模特，模型”。指一个小小的代表或某物的复制。 ?The pattern-makers did all they can to design a new pattern for the new product.制模工人竭尽全力给这个新产品设计一个新模子。 ?In order to shoot the bluster film“Titanic”,the director made a model of the ship.为了拍大片“titanic”,导演制造了这艘船的模型。 2.expose 和reveal expose v. 暴露，让……敞开,不掩盖,弃之不理. reveal v. 显示,显出;泄露,透露. ?Don’t expose the explosives to the sunlight.不要把易爆物置于阳 光下. ?His worn T-shirt revealed his back.他的破T恤使他露出了后背. ?The doctor didn’t reveal to him his hopeless condition. 医生没有身他透露他那毫无希望的病况. 3.at one time 和 at a time at one time同时,一起;at a time 一次次,分别地. ?Caddie and Jackie came here at one time. 凯蒂和杰克同时到达这里. ?Never expect to do all the things at once, let’s take them a bit at a time.千万不要期望能同时做全部事情,还是让我们一次做一点吧. E.课文重点难点详解 1. For example, we sometimes say that people who know about art, music, and literature are cultured.(paragraph 1,line 2)例如,我们有时讲懂得艺术、音乐、文学的人是有文化的人 cultured adj.有修养的，有教养的。类似短语有：refined, cultivated和educated. ?She’s a nice and cultured girl.她是一个很有教养的女孩。 2. Instinctive behavior, on the other hand, is a pattern of behavior that an animal is born with. (paragraph 2,line 1)另一方面来说，本能行为是动物生来就有的行为。 instinctive behavior 本能。 ?Birds learn to fly, which belongs to instinctive behavior. 鸟儿学飞，那属于一种本能。 3.However,the way in which they take care of these needs depends on the culture in which they grow up.(paragraph 4,line 2)然而，他们满足这些需要的方式取决于他们成长在其中的文化。 take care of 1.处理，负责 ?If you don’t apologize to me, I’ll take care of you. 你不对我道歉的话，我将给点颜色你看。 ?The manager took care of the responsibility at once. 这位经理立刻负起重任。 2.照看，照顾，照料 ?The young mother has to quit her job and take care of her little baby. 那位年青的母亲不得不放弃工作来照看她的小孩。 4.We may laugh at clothing that seems ridiculous to us.(paragraph 5, line3)我人可能会嘲笑在我们看来是可笑的衣着。 laugh at 嘲笑。 ?We shouldn’t laugh at the poor students.我们不该嘲笑那个差生。 比较：laugh to 对……大笑（无恶意） ?In class, he often laughs to others. 在课堂上，他常常对着别人大笑。 5. The flathead Indians of North America used to bind the heads of babies between boards so they would have long sloping foreheads. (paragraph 6,line 1)北美的扁头印第安人过去常常把婴儿的头夹在两木板之间，使他们的前额长得长而倾斜。 used to过去常常 ?Sam and Frank used to go mountain-climbing. 山姆和弗兰克过去常常爬山。 比较：be used to doing sth.习惯做 ……。 ?I’m used to getting up early.我习惯早起。 6.Objects are inserted in holes in the noses,lips,and ears in a number of different culture.(paragraph 6,line 7)在许多不同的文化中，人们把一些东西插在鼻子、嘴唇和耳朵了。 （quite)a (great)number of (相当）许多的。 ?A number of people from all parts of the world came to see the Expo.来自世界各地的许多人来看这次展览。 比较：the small/large (big) number of…少/大量…（指数量，谓语动词用单数）。 ?English is spoken widely by the largest number of people in the world.世界上有大量人说英语。 7.In many culture in the past,people were buried with food,weapons,jewelry,and other things that might be useful in the next life.(paragraph 7,line 4)过去在许多文化中，把食物、武器、珠宝等阴间可能用到的东西随同安葬。 in the next life 在来世。 ?We have no doubt that the dead can’t get these paper money in the next life.我们可以肯定死人在来世是不能行到这些钱。 8.These clay figures were supposed to work for the dead person in the other world.(paragraph,line 6)这些泥人在阴间会给死者干活。 in the other world 在阴间。 ?Are you sure there are any ghosts in the other world? 你肯不寒而栗在阴间有鬼吗？ 9.It’s simply that different people do the same things in different ways. (paragraph 8,line 3)只不过不同的人群以不同的方式做同样的事情而已。 simply 只是，简单地，完全地。 ?This drink consists simply of fresh orange. 这种饮料仅含新鲜橘汁。 ?The retired couple likes living simply. 这对退休夫妇喜欢过朴实的生活 ?His pronunciation is simply terrible.他的发音实在糟透了。 比较：simple 容易的，简明的。 ?As college students majoring in English,you should not write in simple English. 作为英语专业的学生，你们不该用简单的英语写作。 F.课文佳句背诵 1. Instinctive behavior, on the other hand, is a pattern of behavior that an animal is born with. 2. As humans, we learn some of the ways of our culture by being taught by our teachers or parents. 3. Ideas of what is beautiful differ from one culture to another. 4. Most of the time, the different ways that are the customs of different cultures are neither right nor wrong. 5. It’s simply that different people do the same things in different ways. G.课文参考译文 什么叫文化？ “文化”这个词有多种不同的含义。例如，有时我们说懂艺术、音乐、文学的人是有文化的人。然而，文化这个词对人类学家（研究人类的人）来说则有不同的意思。在他们看来，文化这个词是掼某一群体的人们行为、衣着、思维和感知的一切方式，人们行学会他们所在群体的文化方式，因为这种方式不是与生俱来的。 另一方面，本能行为是动物生来就有的行为。蜘蛛织网就是本能行为的例子，母蜘蛛并不教小蜘蛛织网。（实际上，小蜘蛛出生时母蜘蛛甚至不在场。）他们一出生就知道怎样织网。这就是我们所说的本能行为。 作为人类，我们通过自己的老师和父母的教育学会了自己文化中的某些方式，在这种文化中成长，我们学到了本文化中更多的方式。我们看到自己文化中的其他人怎样做事，我们也采用同样的方式来做事。我们甚至学会以这一方式来思考和感知。 所有的人都有某些基本的需要，诸发吃饭、喝水、穿衣保暖。和住宿防潮等等。但是，他们满足这些需要的方式取决于他们成长中的文化。反有的文化都有其吃、喝、穿戴、居住、婚嫁和办理丧事的方式。认为什么东西好吃，穿什么样式的衣服，以及同时能和多少人成婚等都是我们文化的组成部分。 对于自己的文化，我们似乎是习以为常了。我们在内心中感到自己的做事方式是唯一恰当的。其他文化方式常使我们发笑、感到厌恶或震惊。我们可能会嘲笑在我们看来似乎是可笑的衣着。许多人认为吃章鱼或带血的烤牛肉是很恶心的事。一个男子可以有多个妻子或者兄弟姐妹之间也可通婚的观念会令其他文化的人震惊。 对于什么是美，人们的观念因文化而异。过去，北美的扁头印第安人常把婴儿的头夹在木板之间，让他们的前额变得长面倾斜。在扁头人文化中，长而倾斜的前额是美的。其他文化的人可能会认为他们看上去很怪，很不讨人喜欢。许多人在身上刻画疤痕或文身，为的是使他们那个文化里的其他人认为他们很美。在另外一些文化中，人们把东西穿在鼻子、嘴唇和耳朵上的孔眼里。20世纪，在许多国家，胭脂、口红、眼影、香水还有喷发剂都用来增加吸引力。 人死后，不同文化的人用不同的方式来处理他们的遗体。有时火化，有时地葬。过去在许多文化里，把食物、武器、珠宝等“阴间”可能用得到的东西作为陪葬品。例如，古代埃及人的陪葬品是泥土做的小人，人们认为这些泥人会在“阴间”为死者干活。一个叫帕西的宗教部族却把尸体放在平台上让鸟儿来啄食。有些部族实行第二次殡葬。尸体埋在土中数年后，再把尸骨挖出来再次安葬，有时装在一个小容器里埋葬。 这些仅仅是不同文化中所见到的许多不同习俗的一部分。在大多数情况下，不同文化习俗的不同表现方式并没有对错之分。只不过是不同的人用不同的方式同样的事情罢了。 Text B A.课文内容提要 People from different cultures have different ideas about the food. We may have our food likes and dislikes because of nutritious and religious reasons.However, far beyond these; they are also a result of the ways of life of different people. For example, people in India never eat cows due to their value and usefulness, nor do Americans eat dogs because they serve as good companions and protections against criminals. We call such a case taboo. So different cultures have different choices of food. B.词汇详解 1. afford v. 1.(与can, could和be able to 连用）省出或找出足够的钱或时间（去做某事）；足以；……得起 ?Are you able to afford the time for a holiday? 你能抽出时间去度假吗？ 2.（与can或could连用）冒……之险 ?She couldn’t afford to displease her boss.她得罪不起她的上司。 3.（正式用语）供给，给与 ?I will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you. 与你共餐将是铁一大乐事。 [常用短语] afford to do sth.支付得起做…… 2.appropriate 1. adj. 适当的，适合于……的，与…….一致的 ?Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal occasion. 运动衣不适全正式场合。 2.v. 拨（款等）做某种特殊用途；私用，挪用 ?Millions of money has been appropriated for the refugees. 数百万的钱已拨出用来救济难民。 ?Quite a few senior cadres have been sued for appropriating public money.好些高级干部被起诉挪用公款。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：appropriately适当地，一致地；appropriation拨款，挪用，剽窃 [常用短语] appropriate for/to sth.适合于……的，与……一致的 3.companion n. 1.同伴，伴侣 ?I got to know some companions on the journey. 我渐渐结识了一些旅伴。 2.成对的对象之一 ?Here’s the glove for my left hand,but where’s the companion? 我左手的手套在此，右手的呢？ [记忆技巧]同源派生词：companionable adj.好交友的，友爱的； companionship n.伴同。同伴之谊 4.forbid v.禁止，不允许 ?We are forbidden to sit on the lawn.我们不准坐在草坪上。 ?Students are forbidden to use the office duplicator. 学生禁止使用办公室的复印机。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：forbidding adj.冷峻的，讨厌的；forbiddingly adv. 险恶地，讨厌地 反义词：allow 允许 [常用短语] be forbidden to do sth.禁止做…… 5.sufficient adj. 足够的，充分的 ?Do they have sufficient food to last another ten days? 他们有足够的粮食再支持十天吗？ ?The prosecutor has sufficient proofs to prove you innocent. 这位公诉人在足够的证据证明你是清白的。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：suffice v.足够；sufficiently adv. 足够地， 充分地；sufficiency n.足够，充分 [常用短语] a sufficiency of sth.足够的…… 6.wherever adv. 无论何处，在那些……的地方 ?Make,you can sit wherever you like?￡ 迈克，你可以坐在你喜欢的地方。 类似短语有：no matter where 无论哪里。 ?I’ll be with you no matter where you are. 无论你在哪，我将永远和你在一起。 [记忆技巧]同源派生词：where adv. 哪里；whosesoever 无论哪里；whereabouts 下落；whereof 关于什么，关于它；whereby凭什么，凭那 C.词组用法 1.as a result(of) 结果；因……而 ?Not winning the confidence and goodwill of people in the world,as a result,the Bush Administration has lost its permanent membership of human rights committee of UN. 没有赢行世人的信心和好感，结果布什政府失去了联合国人权委员会的席位。 与之类似的有：consequently由……而引起；in consequence(of)结果，因……而；therefore为此，因此。 2. In some cases 在某些情况下 ?We must make a concrete analysis of concrete conditions in some cases. 在某些情况下，我们必须对具体的情况作具体的分析。 3.pick up 1.拾起，拿起 ?The naughty boy picked up a stone and throw it at the window. 这个淘气的男孩捡起一块石头朝窗户扔 2.收拾（整齐） ?Mother had picked the sitting room up before the guests arrived. 客人到来之前，母亲已收拾好客厅。 3.获得，得到 ?The clever guy picked up several foreign languages. 这个聪明的家伙自然地学到了好几门外语。 4.（车）搭载 ?Please wait at the airport, I’ll pick you up right away. 请在机场等，我马上开车来接你。 4.regard…as 认为……是，把……当作 类似短语：look up on…as; consider…as ?He’s regarded as the best dentist in the town. 他被认为是城里最好的牙医。 ?Every student regards their teachers as their close friends. 每一个学生都把他们的老师当作亲密的朋友。 5.plenty of 大量的，充足的 ?In South China, there’s plenty of rain.在华南，有充足的雨水。 ?We have plenty of workers to do the work. 我们有大量的工人来干活。 类似短语有：many/much/a lot of/lots of许多。 D.疑难词语辨析 1.afford和offer afford v. ……得起，常与情态动词或be able to 结构连用，后常接动词不定式。 offer v. 提供，提出，出价。 ?I can’t afford (to buy) such an expensive sedan. 我买不起这么贵的轿车。 ?I’ve been offered a job in Japan. 有人提供我一个在日本的工作机会。 2.dislike 和unlike dislike v. “不喜欢”，由like (v.喜欢）+前缀dis-组合而成；n.不喜欢的事。 Unlike prep. “不像”，由like (prep.像）+前缀un-组合而成。 ?If you behave like that, you’ll get yourself disliked. 如果你的行为像那样子，你会使人厌恶。 ?My son is unlike me in every respect.我儿子没一处像我。 3.grow up 与 bring up grow up 长大，成年。Grown-up n.成年人（与child 相对应）。 bring up 教育，养育。 ?The boy always says he will join the army when he grows up. 这男孩常说长大后他将去参军。 ?If children are badly brought up, they behave badly. 孩子们教养不好，他们的行为也不好。 4. in some cases, in most cases, in any case, in case (of) t in no case in some cases 在某些情况下（指特定的情况）。 in most cases 在绝大部分情况下。 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样。 in case (of ) “如果，万一”，表示假设的情况。 in no case 决不。 ?In some cases, good wishes alone will not work. 有些情况下，只有良好的愿望是不起作用的。 ?In most cases,buying shares is to be included in the acceptance of risk.在绝大部分情况下，买股票就意味着承担风险。 ?You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains. 你最好带上雨伞，以防万一天下雨。 ?Although we are confronted with numerous difficulties, we’ll lose our hearts in no case. 尽管我们面临重重困难，但我们绝不灰心。 E.课文重点难点详解 1.When the famous boxer Muhammad Ali visited Africa, for example, one member of his group became quite sick when he saw someone pick up a butterfly and eat it.(paragraph 1,line 4)例如，著名拳击手穆罕默得?阿里访问非洲时，他的一个队友看到有人捡起一只蝴蝶就吃，感到恶心。 become sick 恶心，反胃，作呕。类似的表达有：be sick, get sick得病。 ?I was quite sick on the first day of the voyage. 我在航海的第一天晕船厉害。 2. Some people in Africa think African termites make a delicious meal. (paragraph 2,line 1)一些非洲人认为非洲白蚁是一种佳肴。 （1）make v. 使……具有某种特色 ?The illustration will make a vivid book.插图会使一本书生动活泼。 （2）delicious adj. 味道好的，味美的 类似短语有：tasty, palatable 味美的。 ?What a delicious dinner we’ve had!我们吃了一顿多么味美的饭啊！ 3. However, food likes and dislikes do not always seem relate to nutrition. (paragraph 3,line 1)但是，对食物的好恶并不部是和营养有关。 (be)related to 与……相关/有关。类似短语有：have something to do with 与……有关。 ?The fall of living standard is directly related to the war. 生活水平的下降直接与战争有关。 ?He has something to do with the murder.他和这起凶杀案有关。 4.Some foods are taboo in certain religions,but there are also other food taboos that are not connected to a religion. (paragraph 4,line 3)有些事物在宗教里是禁忌，但也有些事物与宗教无关。 be connected to 与……相连。 ?Hong Kong island is connected by a tunnel to Kowloon. 一条海底隧道把香港与九龙相连。 5.Cows can go wherever they want to in the streets of India,and they can eat anything they want from the supplies of the food.seller on the street.(paragraph 4,line 6)牛在印度大街上可以随意走，也可以随便吃街上食品商的食品。 supplies n.供应，供给之物；supply v. 供给。常用词组 supply sth.to sb.或supply sb. with sth.把……供给某人。 ?Price is deeply affected by supply and demand. 价格深受供求关系的影响。 ?The aid workers supplied emergent food to the refugees. 救援人员给难民提供了紧急食品。 6. One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease called trichinosis. (paragraph 6,line 3)对猪肉的禁忌，一个解释是煮不透的猪肉会传播一种叫旋毛虫的病。 be cooked sufficiently 煮熟透。 ?He prefers to have his beef steak cooked sufficiently. 他更喜欢煮熟透的牛排。 7.Nomadic people who move around will not want to keep pigs for food.(paragraph 7,line 4)到处迁徙的游牧民族不会为了食物而养猪。 Keep 饲养，赡养，养护。 类似短语有：support,raise和 rear. ?Does he earn enough to keep his family?他的收入够养家吗？ ?Some pets are lovely but they aren’t easy to keep. 有些宠物很可爱但不易养大。 F.课文佳句背诵 1. One hundred grams of termites contain more than twice as many calories and almost twice as much protein as one hundred grams of cooked hamburger. 2. Tomatoes are sixteenth on the hit of the most nutritious vegetables, but they are first on the list at vegetables that Americans like most to eat. 3. Apparently, the dog’s place in society as a companion and as a protection against criminals makes the dog taboo as food. 4. Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are a result at the ways of like at different people. 5. Americans eat a lot of beef because there is plenty of land for raising cattle and their meat can be shipped directly for long distances by railroads. G.课文参考译文 食品与文化 哪种食品好吃、哪种食品不好吃，我们都有自己的看法。为此，一种文化的人常常觉得另一种文化的人吃的食物是令人讨厌或恶心的。例如，著名拳击手穆罕默德?阿里访问非洲的时候，他的一个队友看到有人拣起一只蝴蝶就吃，感到很不舒服。许多人会觉得吃老鼠令人厌恶，可是有42种不同文化的人认为老鼠是很可口的食物。 在非洲，有些部落认为非洲白蚁是一种佳肴。而许多其它部落的人若真要吃白蚁的话，就可能感到恶心。但是，与100克烧熟的汉堡包相比，100克白蚁所含的热量是它的两倍多，所含蛋白质接近它的两倍。 然而，食物的好恶往往和营养无关。例如，花椰菜在人们最富营养的常见蔬菜中名列榜首，但是，在美国人最喜欢吃的蔬菜中它排在第21位。西红柿最有营养的各种蔬菜中居15位，但在美国人最喜欢的蔬菜中它却位居第一。 但是，某些文化中的人不吃某处食物，厌恶不是唯一原因。在有些文化中，此食物属于禁忌（taboo）。Taboo 源自斐济群岛语言里的一个词，用来指被禁止的东西。有些食物在某些宗教里是禁忌，但是也有其他一些禁忌的食物却到宗教无关。通常，我们并不去想为什么某些东西在我们的文化里是属禁忌。我们甚至不会知道禁忌的原因。人类学家设法要找出禁忌的隐藏原因。比如：印度尊崇牛为神是众所周知的。在印度街头，牛爱上哪就上哪，它们可以在街上随意吃食品商的任何东西。结果， 牛就成了问题。然而，在印度没有人会杀牛或吃牛肉，这么做是忌讳的。对别的民族来说这种习俗似乎很奇怪，但是人类学家相信这上有原因的。首先，因为农民需要牛为帮助耕地，为此，牛是很宝贵的。其次，牛粪可以肥田。在印度，许多农民买不起肥料。第三，牛粪晒干后可以当柴。因此，杀牛吃肉的农民很快会发现他们再也不能耕地，也不能用牛粪肥田，更没有牛粪当柴火了。 另一个例子是美国人不吃狗肉，尽管一些其他文化的人把狗肉当美食。在美国，狗作为宠物对人来说是十分重要的。人们通常把狗当作家庭的一分子，甚至有时当成他们的一个孩子。此我，狗具有防范罪 犯的价值。狗会叫，而且可能会袭击想入室的陌生人，所以，贼常常不会进入有狗的房子。显然，狗在社会上作为伙伴和防止罪犯的地位使得狗肉成为禁忌。 不止一种文化把吃猪肉当作是禁忌。有证据表是一些古埃及人不吃猪肉。古以色列人也把吃猪肉视为禁忌。对禁忌吃猪肉的一个解释是没有煮透的猪肉会传播一种叫旋毛虫的疾病。然而，大多数人不再认为这是禁忌吃猪肉的正确解释。 人类学家认为，对大多数食物的喜恶都源于不同的人们的生活方式。有些人生活在有大动物又有许多小昆虫的地方。要他们去宰杀大动物是困难的，这需要花大力气。所以用小昆虫当食物对他们来说就容易些，因为抓昆虫并不难，也不需要花很大力气。到处迁移的游牧民族不会为了吃肉而养猪。人们不会把狗那样的宠物吃掉。美国人大量吃牛肉是因为他们有足够的土地来养牛，并且牛肉可以通过铁路廉价地长途运输。 课外补充练习 .Complete the following sentences with the proper words of the words given in the brackets. 1. Mr. Smith can afford a villa of his own.(purchase) 2. Let’t go and see the motor , shall me? (expose) 3. There are many between the twins.(differ) 4. A cobra is one of the snakes.(die) 5. Mammal tries to find breast milk, which is .(instinct) 6. We must value something our future.(regard) 7. The salesgirls show buyers the new product.(prospect) 8. The offenders must be punished severely.(evidence) 9. It must be to you all that it is mot true.(evidence) 10. We have money to buy a new car.(suffice) 11. She’ll stand she can see the performance.(where) 12. The friendly between my country and yours will last forever. (relate) D. Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the best one that competes the sentence. 1. As the director at this company, I can’t three weeks away from work. A. carry B.cost C.afford D.pay 2. He like coffee more than anything else, but now he changes his taste. A. was used to B.used C.was used D.used to 3. You go, I’ll miss you. A. However B.Whatever C.Wherever D.Whichever 4. Tom has got a decent in a chemical factory. A. job B.employment C.work D.profession 5. The hall would a good theatre. A. top B.excel C.make D.get 6. A voice the program to announce the election results. A. broke into B.cut down C.broke off D.cut out 7. I hate to be when I’m speaking. A. abrupt B.paused C.interfered D.interrupted 8. The Gradate School insists that each applicant . A. pay B.be paid C.paid D.paying 9. Slowly she opened the letter, . A. her hands slightly trembling B.trembling her hands slightly C.her hands tremble slightly D.slightly her hands were trembled 10. I don’t think you have got over the serious illness after a rest, ? A. do you B.don’t you C.have you D.haven’t you 11. Professor Rudolph was absent and we had the afternoon . A. out B.off C.away D.aside 12. He remembered in this school when he was ten years old. A. teaching B.being taught C.to teach D.to be taught 13. His parents seen to have no influence his action. A. to B.in C.for D.on 14. It takes great to make a model car out of toothpicks. A. distraction B.observation C.patience D.operation 15. There was more than rain and snow last year, so some parts of the country have been flooded this spring. A. extra B.efficient C.generous D.adequate 16. Vickie had most probably her for another sort of girl. A. regarded B.viewed C.mistaken D.looked 17. that we use only 1% of our brain’s full potential. A. It generally believed B.It is generally believed C.Generally believed C.It has generally believed 18. Day after day John was waiting impatiently for the appointment to ,but he was totally disappointed in the end . A. come through B.go about C.lay off D.set off 19. Usually, picking flowers in a public park is . A. refused B.allowed C.prevented D.forbidden 20. Peter for a job a month, but hasn’t found any. A. has been looking B.was looking C.will be looking D.is looking 21. My grandmother likes cattle’s in the countryside. A. bringing up B.keeping C.growing up D.seeing 22. , he wouldn’t accept our advice. A. When trying to make him change his mind B.When we were trying to make him change his mind C.Making him change his mind D.Having made him change his mind 23. She and Mary not only look alike but also the same tastes and interests. A. involve B.share C.promote D.provide 24. He had been walking about five minutes when the car . A. kept up B.got up C.brought up D.caught up 25. Either cooking or washing dishes I hate most. A. are what B.are that C.is what D.is that ?.Translate the following into English. 1.据说，没有一定量的特殊教育，就不能使一个天生智力低下的小孩成为天才。 2.我们国家的一些贫困地区的小孩读不起书。 3.这里的农民有充足的粮食来养猪，并用货车把猪肉运往城市。 4.牛奶所含的蛋白质高于谷类。 5.文化一词是指一个群体的人们衣、食、活动和感知的一切方式。 6.对美的观点，因文化差异而不同。 7.人的行为受本能支配，更受理智支配。 8.被有些人看成美味的老鼠肉，对其他人来说却是令人恶心的东西。 课外补充练习答案及详解 1.to purchase afford 后常接动词不定式。 2.exposition 或 expo. 名词，“展览”。 3.differences 名词的复数形式，“不同点”。 4.deadly 形容词，“致命的”。 5.instinctive 形容词，“本能的，天生的”。 6.regarding 介词，“有关的”。 7.prospective 形容词，“未来的，有希望的”。 8.criminal 形容词，“罪犯的”。句意为：对刑事罪犯应该严历惩处。 9.evident 形容词。It must be evident to you all that…是一个固定结构，意为：你们显然知道……。 10.sufficient 形容词，“足够的，充分”。 11.wherever 副词，“无论哪里”。句意为：她能看到表演就站到哪。 12.relations 名词，“关系”。句意为：我们两国的友好关系将永远延续下去。 11.B have…off为固定短语，意为“休假，放假”。 12.B remember 后可接动名词和动词不定试两种形式，前者表示“记得做过某事”。后者表示“记住去做某事”。根椐句意，B项正确。 13.A have influence to 为固定词组，意为“对……有影响“。 14.C 根据句意，需要的是“耐心”。 15.D adequate“合适的”，前有more than 搭配，因此该句前后意思一致。 16.C mistake…for…“把……弄错”。 17.B It is (generally) believed that…“令人相信的是……”，为一固定搭配。 18.B go about“着手做”，在此指“去赴约”。 19.D be forbidden“禁止”。 20.A 这是一个现在守成进行时，指过去发生一直到现在，还有可能继续进行下去。 21.B keep指“饲养，喂（牛或猪等）”。 22.B 根椐句意，应该是：我们设法使他改变主意，他不接受我们的意见。 23.B share“分享，共同持有”。 24.D catch up “赶上向同一方向行进的人；赶上某人“。根椐句意应该选择D。 25. C either…or… 意思为“或……或……”，谓语应和最邻近的主语在性数上保持一致。 ? 1. It’s said that no amount of special education can’t make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. 2. The children in some poverty-stricken areas of our country can’t afford to go to school. 3. People here have sufficient cereal for raising pigs and pork can be shipped to cities by truck. 4. Milk contains more protein than rice. 5. The word”culture”means all the ways, in which a group of people dress eat, act and think. 6. Ideas of what is beautiful differ from one culture to another. 7. Human behavior is controlled by reason more than by instinct. 8. Rats are regarded as delicious by some people, but something disgusting to others. ? 1.C afford 常与情态动词连用，指在时间或金钱上能否支付得起。 2.D used to“过去常常”。Be used doing sth. “习惯做……”。 3.C wherever“无论哪里”。后接状语从句，不表疑问。 4.A job指“职业、工作”，前面可以用不定冠词。 5.C make指“使……具有特色、特点“。 6.A break into “插入，分开两半“。 7.D interrupt“使中断，打岔，打断别人的言行”。 8.A insist作主句谓语时，从句谓语动词结构为should+动词原形，而should常省略。 9.A 相当于her hands slightly tremble,用现在分词表示伴随动作，故选A。 10.C 这是一个反意疑问句。在含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句的主语为第一人称时，谓语动词又是believe, guess, imagine和think时，反意部分应该根据从句来定。此句中还涉及否定转移。故选C。 11. B. have…off 为固定词组，意为“休假，放假”。 12．B. remember后可接动名词和动词不定式两种形式，前面表示“记得做过某事”，后者表示“记住去做某事”。 根据句意， B 项正确。